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Spartan Daily, March 18, 2025, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2025

Volume 164, Issue 23

Frequent Disturbance To A Foundation Species Disrupts Consumer-Mediated Nutrient Cycling In Giant Kelp Forests, Joseph R. Peters, Daniel C. Reed, June Shrestha, Scott L. Hamilton, Deron E. Burkepile

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Structure-forming foundation species facilitate consumers by providing habitat and refugia. In return, consumers can benefit foundation species by reducing top-down pressures and increasing the supply of nutrients. Consumer-mediated nutrient dynamics (CND) fuel the growth of autotrophic foundation species and generate more habitat for consumers, forming reciprocal feedbacks. Such feedbacks are threatened when foundation species are lost to disturbances, yet testing these interactions requires long-term studies, which are rare. Here, we experimentally evaluated how disturbance to giant kelp, a marine foundation species, affects (1) CND of the forest animal community and (2) nutrient feedbacks that help sustain forest primary production during …

Impact Of Using Project Management Tools And Techniques On Project And Firm Performance, Xiaoying Li, Gita Mathur, Kam Jugdev

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Purpose: This research aims to empirically examine perceived predictive relationships between the use of project management tools and techniques (PMTTs) and resulting project-level and firm-level performance. Design/methodology/approach: This study used data gathered from 190 project management professionals engaged in strategic projects. Data were collected using a survey tool that drew on prior project management research studies and asked about the use of 49 PMTTs. The conceptual model hypothesized positive relationships between the use of PMTTs and the project management outcomes, project-level performance and firm-level performance. Hypotheses were tested using PMTT components extracted through an exploratory factor analysis of the PMTTs …

Investigating The Conversion Of A Signalized Intersection To A Turbo Roundabout, Vyshnavi Shetty, Mycola Sauciur, Anurag Pande

Mineta Transportation Institute

Turbo roundabouts are multilane roundabouts with helical pavement markings and raised structures. While they have seen widespread use in Europe, California is only the second state in the U.S. (after Florida) to have installed a turbo roundabout. Turbo roundabouts separate the ingress and circulating roadways. The concept was proposed and implemented in the Netherlands to mitigate congestion by improving traffic flow efficiency and addressing safety concerns on conventional multilane roundabouts. This research evaluates the first-ever turbo roundabout in California and compares its safety and operational performance with the previously existing 4-legged signalized intersection. The research team obtained safety and operational …

Smart Highway Construction Site Monitoring Using Artificial Intelligence, Mehran Mazari, Yahaira Nava-Gonzalez, Ly Jacky N. Nhiayi, Mohamad H. Saleh

Mineta Transportation Institute

Construction is a large sector of the economy and plays a significant role in creating economic growth and national development,and construction of transportation infrastructure is critical. This project developed a method to detect, classify, monitor, and track objects during the construction, maintenance, and rehabilitation of transportation infrastructure by using artificial intelligence and a deep learning approach. This study evaluated the performance of AI and deep learning algorithms to compare their performance in detecting and classifying the equipment in various construction scenes. Our goal was to find the optimized balance between the model capabilities in object detection and memory processing requirements. …

A New Class Of Dark Matter-Free Dwarf Galaxies?: I. Clues From Fcc 224, Ngc 1052-Df2, And Ngc 1052-Df4, Maria Luisa Buzzo, Duncan A. Forbes, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Lydia Haacke, Jonah S. Gannon, Yimeng Tang, Michael Hilker, Anna Ferré-Mateu, Steven R. Janssens, Jean P. Brodie, Lucas M. Valenzuela

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Context. The discovery of quiescent, dark matter (DM)-deficient ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) with overluminous globular clusters (GCs) has challenged galaxy formation models within the Lambda cold dark matter (Λ CDM) cosmological paradigm. Previously, such galaxies were only identified in the NGC 1052 group, raising the possibility that they are the result of unique, group-specific processes, and limiting their broader significance. The recent identification of FCC 224, a putative DM-deficient UDG on the outskirts of the Fornax Cluster, suggests that such galaxies are not confined to the NGC 1052 group but rather represent a broader phenomenon. Aims. We aim to investigate the …

Assessing The Perceived Safety Of Cyclists With Virtual Reality, Vahid Balali

Mineta Transportation Institute

In 2022, 7,522 pedestrians and 1,084 bicyclists were killed and approximately 67,000 pedestrians and 46,195 bicyclists injured in motor vehicle crashes on public roadways in the United States, according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS). The transportation industry is faced with a pressing need to bolster the safety of these vulnerable road users. This research develops models of design and environmental factors that influence bicyclists’ and pedestrians’ perception of safety using Virtual Reality (VR) technology and ultimately informs transportation infrastructure design to better accommodate nonmotorized travelers. The goal of the bicycle element of this research is to develop …

Entrepreneurial Librarianship As A Tool For Enhancing Employment And Employability Among Youths In Nigeria, Angela Njideka Anike Phd, Blessing Nnenne Otubelu Phd, Chimezie Cecilia Offor

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Entrepreneurial skills in librarianship are required by youths and students to enable them to become employable and self-employed after graduation. On this premise, the paper centered on entrepreneurial librarianship as a tool for enhancing employment and employability among youths in Nigeria. The paper attempts to discuss the concepts of entrepreneurial librarianship and youth employment and employability. The main thrust of the paper which is entrepreneurial librarianship as a tool for enhancing employment and employability among youths in Nigeria was explained. Entrepreneurial librarianship is a tool for enhancing employment and employability among youths in Nigeria by enabling them to start up …

Library And Information Science Research; A Scopus-Based Bibliometric Analysis From 2014 To 2023, Khalid Alfouzan, Ikram Ul Haq, Ata Ur Rehman, Gulnaz Elahi, Faisal Shahzad

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Aim: The purpose of this study is to the highlight research growth in Library and Information Science (LIS) for the last decade (2014-2023) at the global level as indexed in the Scopus database.

Methodology: The retrospective research approach has been used on the dataset retrieved from the Scopus database. We used the “advanced document search” technique, selected the targeted period and typed the “Library and Information Sciences”. We chose only “Article” and “Review” from the document type filter and English from the language filter. The selected bibliometric properties were analyzed and tabular demonstrations of the periodic growth with …

Strategies For Enhancing Funding Approaches By Parent Institutions For Effective Service Delivery In Academic Libraries, Nsanta George Egbe, Samuel Otsonu Aboh

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The aim of this study is to investigate the strategies by which parent institutions can enhance funding approaches to improve service delivery in academic libraries in Nigeria. Utilizing a descriptive survey research design, the study involved 88 library staff members from seven federal university libraries situated in the North Central region, including the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja-Nigeria. Given the manageable and accessible nature of the population, no sampling method was employed. Data collection utilized three instruments: questionnaires, observation checklists, and structured interview schedules devised by the researcher. Quantitative analysis of questionnaire data utilized mean and standard deviation to address research …

Strategies For Enhancing The Ability Of Rural Farmers To Deal With Challenges Of Climate Change Through Adult Education Programme In South East, Nigeria, Abaobi David Agbo Dr., Ngozi Justina Igwe Dr., Onyinye Regina Ekere, Stella C. Nwizu Prof.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Agriculture has become the main stay of the economy of developing countries in the world especially south-east, Nigeria. Rural farmers in South-east, Nigeria have suffered significant losses due to extreme weather events and natural disasters attributed to climate change such as severe flooding, drought, decease and pest attack etc. The responses and reactions of rural farmers to these extreme weather events and natural disasters has suggested that there is a lack knowledge of climate change. This study therefore is aimed at developing strategies that could help enhance the ability of rural farmers to cope and deal with the effects of …

Deviant Behaviors In Academic Libraries In Oyo State, Nigeria: Prevalence, Causes, Impacts, And Mitigation Strategies, Fisayo Adesola Adekunle Mr, Bright Ajayi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract:

This study explores deviant behaviors in academic libraries in Oyo State, Nigeria, focusing on their prevalence, causes, impacts, and potential strategies for mitigation. The descriptive research design of the survey type was adopted for the study. Data were collected from respondents, including students and staff at Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan, and Ladoke Akintola University of Technology library, Ogbomoso. These universities formed the population of the study. Simple random sampling technique was used. 350 copies of questionnaire were distributed across the universities with a retrieval success of 305 copies, representing 87.14% return rate. The study identifies that …

Spartan Daily, February 12, 2025, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2025

Volume 164, Issue 9

Staff Attitude, Library Policies And Service Delivery In University Libraries In Ogun State, Nigeria, Ilori Edeole Maria Mrs, Owolabi Ruth O Dr, Oden Abigail N. Mrs, Ogungbade Aderonke A. Mrs

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

University library services aim to meet the information needs of the university community, fostering learning and research. Quality service, particularly in tangible aspects and reliability, leads to user satisfaction. Staff attitude significantly impacts library service utilization, as does library policy, which guides library operations. The study adopted survey research design. The study population comprised 80,247 university library users in Ogun State, Nigeria. A sample size of 1,513 was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) method. Universities were stratified into federal, state, and private categories, and respondents were purposively selected. The findings indicate high-quality service delivery in university libraries in …

Library Staff Perceptions Of Virtual Library And Information Services At Makerere And Uganda Christian Universities, Uganda, Lydia Namugera, Joyce Bukirwa, Constant Okello-Obura

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study, which was underpinned by the ServQual model aims to determine the perceptions of library staff of Makerere and Uganda Christian Universities on the provision of virtual library and information services (VLIS), the challenges faced and strategies for the enhancement of VLIS provision. A qualitative design was used to collect data from eight library staff who were selected through purposive sampling until data reached saturation. The findings indicated that majority of librarians exhibit poor perceptions towards VLIS; as manifested in their reluctance to participate in VLIS provision, their conservatism, which impedes acceptance of new VLIS and their …

Sjsu Erfa Board Minutes, December 2, 2024, San Jose State University, Emeritus And Retired Faculty Association

SJSU ERFA Minutes

SJSU ERFA Executive Board Minutes

December 2, 2024

Insights For The Future Of Car Rental And Ridesharing: Driving Behavior Across Different Levels Of Automation, Pranav Meda, Aubrey Victoria Contreras, Wei-Hsiang Lo, Gaojian Huang, Yue Luo

Mineta Transportation Institute

Autonomous vehicles are reshaping the car rental and ridesharing industries, potentially leading to a unified model of on-demand transportation suitable for both uncommon (e.g., business trips) and daily commuting. An exploratory study of human behavior towards autonomous vehicles can uncover the challenges and opportunities inherent in different levels of vehicle automation. This study aims to (a) identify behavioral differences in drivers operating vehicles at various levels of automation and (b) explore how these behaviors vary with different assistance feature styles, specifically between risky and conservative modes. Human-subject experiments were conducted among twelve participants (aged 21 to 29, including four women) …

Understanding The Prevalence Of Mental Health And Behavioral Distress In Transit Assaults And Presenting Targeted Response And Mitigation Methods To Reduce Victimization Trends, Kathleen Moore, Emilie Ellenberg, Melissa Carlson, Jodi Godfrey, Lisa Staes

Mineta Transportation Institute

This research project was performed to better understand the prevalence of mental health and behavioral distress in transit assaults and present corresponding targeted response and mitigation methods to reduce victimization trends. It includes a literature review, a data presentation and overview of reported public transit assault-related events, an examination of the contributing factors to those events, and documentation of 10 transit agency case studies. The literature review discusses some of the misconceptions of mental illness and associated stigmas and discrimination that can occur in response to these misconceptions. It discusses various approaches and strategies that transit agencies have used to …

Death And Disappearance: Measuring Racial Disparities In Mortality And Life Expectancy Among People In State Prisons, United States 2000-2014, Bryan L. Sykes, Ernest K. Chavez, Justin D. Strong

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background Research on carceral institutions and mortality finds that people in prisons and jails have a high risk of death immediately following release from custody and that while incarcerated, racial disparities in prisoner mortality counter observed death patterns among similarly situated non-incarcerated, demographic groups. Yet, many of these studies rely on data prior to the millennium, during the COVID-19 pandemic, or are relegated to a small number or select group of states. In this paper, we explore changes in mortality and life-expectancy among different demographic groups, before and after the Great Recession, across forty-four states that reported deaths in custody …

The Potential For Fuel Reduction To Reduce Wildfire Intensity In A Warming California, Patrick T. Brown, Scott J. Strenfel, Richard B. Bagley, Craig B. Clements

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Increasing fuel aridity due to climate warming has and will continue to increase wildfire danger in California. In addition to reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, one of the primary proposals for counteracting this increase in wildfire danger is a widespread expansion of hazardous fuel reductions. Here, we quantify the potential for fuel reduction to reduce wildfire intensity using empirical relationships derived from historical observations with a novel combination of spatiotemporal resolution (0.375 km, instantaneous) and extent (48 million acres, 9 years). We use machine learning to quantify relationships between sixteen environmental conditions (including ten fuel characteristics and four temperature-affected aridity …

Feedbacks Between Fjord Circulation, Mélange Melt, And The Subglacial Discharge Plume At Kangerlussuaq Glacier, East Greenland, M. Wood, I. Fenty, A. Khazendar, J. K. Willis

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In recent decades, the Greenland ice sheet has been losing ice and contributing substantially to global sea level rise. Approximately half of this recent loss is due to glacier acceleration, increasing the calving of icebergs into the ocean. This process has been linked with increased ocean heat content on the continental shelf, yet the pathways delivering this heat into Greenland's fjords and its interactions with fjord-scale processes modulating glacier ice loss are still unclear. In this study, we use a series of numerical ocean model configurations to examine feedbacks between ocean circulation, subglacial discharge, submarine glacier melt, and ice mélange …

Intelligent Blind Crossings For Suburban And Rural Intersections, Shahab Tayeb

Mineta Transportation Institute

Blind intersections in suburban and rural areas pose significant safety challenges due to limited visibility and inadequate infrastructure. This project proposes an innovative solution leveraging the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) paradigm, utilizing connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) for seamless communication to enhance safety at these intersections. The research focuses on developing a specialized Road-Side Unit (RSU) system equipped with a Virtual Traffic Light Algorithm implemented on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Key stakeholders, including transportation authorities, vehicle manufacturers, and local communities, stand to benefit from this initiative. The RSU system acts as a critical infrastructure component, facilitating efficient intersection management …

“I Need This Person’S Support To Have A Career” The Material And Emotional Impacts Of Neoliberalism On Trans Collegians’ Classroom Experiences At A Public University, Justin A. Gutzwa, Robert A. Marx

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Neoliberal capitalism has undoubtedly impacted every sphere of public education in the United States. As faculty are pushed towards identity-neutral modalities of instruction, students who identify as transgender, non-binary, or other expansive gender identities (trans) are forced to reckon with implicit and explicit power dynamics in classrooms that prioritize White, cisheteropatriarchal modes of knowledge production in nuanced ways. This qualitative study explores the ways neoliberal capitalism impacts the curricular experiences of trans students by centering the power dynamics they encounter through interactions with their professors and their peers. Findings underscore the pernicious nature of the neoliberalization of higher education in …

Is Buddhist View Of Mental States In Consonance With The Foundational Tenets Of Their System?: Investigating Nyāya And Buddhist Debate On Perception In Jayanta Bhatta’S Nyāyamanjari, Ajay K. Verma

Comparative Philosophy

The first noble truth in Buddhism points toward a purely phenomenal experience. Though purely qualitative in nature, the experience of suffering has an existential aspect. As stated in the second noble truth, suffering has a cause that relates to our situatedness in the world. Notwithstanding, the cause of suffering has to be something external to the mental state of suffering itself. Some of the more recent studies on mental states suggest two different positions on the nature of mental states. One may view mental states as self-referential, reflexive and purely qualitative in nature; alternatively, one could view them as transitive …

Walking Through The Aristotelian Lane: Amartya Sen On Rational Choice, Barada Laxmi Panda

Comparative Philosophy

The term ‘rational choice’ has great impact on the life of a rational agent. Rational choice helps the agent to understand her capability of making choice and the intentional involvement for working on a particular aspect considering certain circumstances. At the same time, this creates a lot of dilemmas in terms of understanding the freewill of the agent while being committed for a work. Following this, Amartya Sen’s discussion on this subject seems relevant where Sen very prominently reflects on the point that rational choice involves freedom, rationality, and normativity. These three features are coherent with each other and with …

Epistemic Injustices In Philosophical Practice: African And Western, Michael Omoge

Comparative Philosophy

Arguably, there is a Eurocentric problem in philosophical practice, which, among many other things, has unwarrantedly given Western analytic philosophy an identity power that governs our collective social imagination regarding the ideal philosophy. In this paper, I argue that in both the African and Western philosophical communities, this identity power makes it such that the African analytic philosopher is the victim of different forms of epistemic injustice. In the African community, he is a victim of epistemic withdrawal and epistemic meekness; in the Western community, he is a victim of epistemic gatekeeping. I characterize these forms of epistemic injustice, setting …

A Constructive Dialogue Between Confucianism And Transcendentalism Of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Yuedi Liu

Comparative Philosophy

Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American Transcendentalist, is known as “the American Confucius”. He is also deeply influenced by the Confucianism from Confucius to Mencius, moreover, there is a constructive dialogue and engagement between them. However, it can not be inferred that Confucianism is also transcendentalism. First, Confucianism is based on “One-worldness”. Second, Confucianism is a kind of Guanxi-ism (relationism), so it is not individualism. Third, Confucianism is not intuitionism, but has the“structure of emotion-reason”. Fourth, Confucianism is not focus on “Oversoul”, but towards a pan-aestheticism based on the integration of Rites and Music. However, there are many similarities between American …

Epicurus And The Buddha On Desire, Andrew Alwood

Comparative Philosophy

The philosophies of Epicurus and the Buddha aim to free us from suffering by helping us to recognize how ignorance and delusion lead us to pursue harmful desires. Since the problem lies in our attitudes, the solution is to change our attitudes. Like doctors healing the sick, they offer therapeutic practical advice, to remove the groundless opinions and the unhealthy desires that cause suffering. Although various misconceptions may lead us to conceive of these two thinkers as quite different with respect to values and ethics, there are remarkable similarities. Indeed, their practical advice for how to live has the same …

The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Data Privacy: A Risk Management Perspective, Norman Mooradian, Patricia C. Franks, Amitabh Srivastav

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to increase the artificial intelligence (AI) ethical literacy of information governance professionals by explaining how AI intensifies familiar data privacy issues by virtue of its dependency on data and ability to create new personal information, to explicate emerging privacy enhancing methods and to show their continuity with existing privacy and information governance principles. Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses an interdisciplinary design research methodology that extends current governance frameworks by combining information science, information governance and applied ethics concepts. Three information sources were referenced: 1) academic papers; 2) standards and best practices published by governmental …

Characteristics Of World Class School Librarians, David V. Loertscher, Michelle Young, Charlene Peterson

Learning Hub

Over 30 school librarians across the U.S. and Canada and who had been nominated by their peers for their excellence were interviewed as a part of the AliveLibrary Project at San Jose State University. The major question was “What are the major characteristics of world class school librarians.” Each was read and rated by three researchers, and in several rounds resulted in eight major characteristics that seem to undergird high impact on teaching and learning across a wide spectrum of locations, affluence, diversity, and communities.