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Visual Analog Of Temporal Envelope Benefits Speech Processing In Cochlear Implant Users: A Pilot Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study On The Associations Between Audiovisual Benefit, Listening Environment, And Peripheral Neural Health, Zi Gao, Yi Yuan, Christopher R. Mueller, Ross A. Aiello, Yingying Wang, Shuman He Aug 2025

Visual Analog Of Temporal Envelope Benefits Speech Processing In Cochlear Implant Users: A Pilot Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study On The Associations Between Audiovisual Benefit, Listening Environment, And Peripheral Neural Health, Zi Gao, Yi Yuan, Christopher R. Mueller, Ross A. Aiello, Yingying Wang, Shuman He

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Objectives: This study compared the benefit of visual analog of temporal envelope for speech processing across listening environments in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant users. Associations between cortical activities and peripheral neural health were explored. Design: Speech perception was measured using Harvard/IEEE sentences in quiet and noise with a visually presented sphere whose size was synchronized with the temporal envelope of the sentences. Cortical activities were recorded concurrently using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Audiovisual benefit was evaluated using sentence scores, activation additivity, and functional connectivity. Peripheral neural health was measured using electrically evoked compound action potentials. Results: Behavioral results showed the …

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Climate Drives Genetic Diversity Loss In American Pika (Ochotona Princeps) Populations In The Great Basin, Emily N. Kulig, Jane Van Gunst, Michael J. Hernandez, Yvonne Luong, Monica Villaseñor, Rachel S. Crowhurst, Clinton W. Epps, Jessica A.Castillo Vardaro Aug 2025

Climate Drives Genetic Diversity Loss In American Pika (Ochotona Princeps) Populations In The Great Basin, Emily N. Kulig, Jane Van Gunst, Michael J. Hernandez, Yvonne Luong, Monica Villaseñor, Rachel S. Crowhurst, Clinton W. Epps, Jessica A.Castillo Vardaro

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

American pikas (Ochotona princeps) are small, thermally sensitive mammals that primarily live in montane and alpine environments. The Sierra Nevada lineage (O. p. schisticeps) has experienced numerous local extinctions, most of which occurred in hotter, drier regions such as the Great Basin. Few genetic studies have assessed these at-risk populations. This study aims to fill that gap by conducting fine-scale genetic analyses on populations in low-elevation Great Basin habitat in northwestern Nevada. Specifically, we: (i) quantified genetic diversity and structure among populations within O. p schisticeps, with particular focus on northwestern Nevada; and (ii) assessed the influence of primary productivity …

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Opportunistic Short-Term Water Uptake Dynamics By Subalpine Trees Observed Via In Situ Water Isotope Measurements, Matthias Sprenger, Stefan Seeger, Max Berkelhammer, Nathaniel A. Bogie, Raymond J. Hess, Wendy S. Brown, Sylvain Kuppel, James Knighton Aug 2025

Opportunistic Short-Term Water Uptake Dynamics By Subalpine Trees Observed Via In Situ Water Isotope Measurements, Matthias Sprenger, Stefan Seeger, Max Berkelhammer, Nathaniel A. Bogie, Raymond J. Hess, Wendy S. Brown, Sylvain Kuppel, James Knighton

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Variations in tree water sources are important to understand in semi-arid ecosystems because climatic shifts towards lower snowpack and increased drought affect water availability in subalpine forests of the western US. Here, we use daily in situ measurements of stable isotopes (2H & 18O) in soil and tree stem water, soil matric potential and sap flow to study tree water uptake dynamics. We instrumented three soil profiles down to 90 cm, as well as three aspen and engelmann spruce trees near Gothic, Colorado, in the East River watershed. We observed the fate of natural isotopic variations in …

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Analyzing Sports Motion Using Calculus, Joshua Vidal, Maryam Khazaei Pool Aug 2025

Analyzing Sports Motion Using Calculus, Joshua Vidal, Maryam Khazaei Pool

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Calculus helps analyze sports motion by modeling a ball's vertical path as a quadratic fuction, capturing initial velocity, gravity, and height. Differentiating this function reveals velocity and acceleration, key to finding peak height, time to peak, and airtime. Using Python, we can accurately calculate and visualize these motions. Linear algebra further connects player skills like strength, technique, and accuracy to kick distance, enabling performance prediction and comparision.

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Experienced Latinx Urban Gardeners In San Jose, Ca, Offer Strategies For Climate Justice And Resilience, Claudia S. Damiani Fontana Jul 2025

Experienced Latinx Urban Gardeners In San Jose, Ca, Offer Strategies For Climate Justice And Resilience, Claudia S. Damiani Fontana

Master's Theses

Low-income and underinvested communities will be disproportionately affected by climate change due to limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient support systems. Urban gardeners are responding to the need to adapt to new climate conditions while sustaining their food sources and cultural practices. Many have adapted thanks to local interventions led by the government and non-profit agencies. For this study, I partnered with La Mesa Verde (LMV), a gardening and food justice program that works with low-income Latinx families in San José, and I documented the contributions of experienced Latinx gardeners, especially those with agricultural backgrounds, to climate-resilient gardening in San …

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Seeing Bias Through Eye Movements: Investigating Empathy And Engagement With Authentic And Altered Refugee Imagery, Reem Albaghli, Akshay Sunil Gurnaney, Nada Attar Jul 2025

Seeing Bias Through Eye Movements: Investigating Empathy And Engagement With Authentic And Altered Refugee Imagery, Reem Albaghli, Akshay Sunil Gurnaney, Nada Attar

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study investigates perceptual biases in responses to Syrian and Ukrainian refugee images using human-computer interaction (HCI) techniques. We hypothesized that media portrayals might shape empathy and influence both biases and donation behavior. Participants viewed both authentic and face-swapped images, with eye-tracking data capturing pupil size and decision-making patterns. In Experiment 1, participants' eye-tracking data and donation behavior indicated higher engagement and donations for authentic images, suggesting a preference for unaltered images without ethnicity-based bias. Experiment 2 explored this further by presenting cropped refugee faces alongside neutral or intellectual art, asking participants to choose the art that best matched each …

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Evaluation Of Windninja Simulations In Canyons And Complex Terrain, Marc Buchs Jul 2025

Evaluation Of Windninja Simulations In Canyons And Complex Terrain, Marc Buchs

Master's Theses

This study describes a validation of the surface wind model WindNinja conducted over different types of complex terrain. WindNinja is one of many software tools first responders use to better understand wind flow over such terrain. One approach to receive a higher resolution wind field to account for local terrain effects is to downscale numerical weather prediction model output with the help of WindNinja. 2 km resolution Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) output was used as input for our WindNinja simulations. We tested the surface wind model for two case sites in California characterized by canyons of different terrain …

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Stead: Spatio-Temporal Efficient Anomaly Detection For Time And Compute Sensitive Applications, Andrew Gao Jul 2025

Stead: Spatio-Temporal Efficient Anomaly Detection For Time And Compute Sensitive Applications, Andrew Gao

Master's Theses

This paper presents a new method for anomaly detection in automated systems with time and compute sensitive requirements, with unparalleled efficiency. As these systems become increasingly popular, ensuring their safety has become more important than ever. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to quickly and effectively detect various anomalies in the aforementioned systems, with the goal of making them safer and more effective. Many detection systems have been developed with great success under spatial contexts; however, there is still significant room for improvement when it comes to temporal context. While there is substantial work regarding this task, there is minimal …

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One Nation Under Guard, Everett T. Glynn Jul 2025

One Nation Under Guard, Everett T. Glynn

Master's Theses

The rise of segments of the labor force devoted to functions other than production has received increased scholarly attention, particularly pertaining to the robust deployment of the police and criminal justice apparat in the neoliberal era. Critical perspectives align the rise of the securitization of society with political and economic transitions that occur within the contexts of changes to social inequality and crackdowns on social movements beginning in the 1970s. In a theoretical construction of the emerging concept of guard labor, this thesis finds that robust societal deployments of a form of functional labor used to entrench social inequality has …

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The Relationship Between Psychological Contract Breach And Work Motivation And Attitude Among Tech Employees: The Moderating Role Of Conscientiousness, Rama E. Khoury Jul 2025

The Relationship Between Psychological Contract Breach And Work Motivation And Attitude Among Tech Employees: The Moderating Role Of Conscientiousness, Rama E. Khoury

Master's Theses

There has been some research on moderating factors of the relationship between psychological contract breach (PCB) and work engagement and affective commitment. However, most studies conducted have mainly focused on situational factors (e.g., job satisfaction, exchange imbalance), not on individual factors (e.g., personality traits). This research gap leaves a question in the role that personality traits play in influencing the negative consequences of PCB. The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating role of conscientiousness on the relationship between PCB and two outcomes, work engagement and affective commitment. Hypotheses were tested using 103 technology industry employees in the …

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Interactions Between A High Intensity Wildfire And An Atmopsheric Hydraulic Jump In The Case Of The 2023 Lahaina Fire, Clifford Dw Ehrke Jul 2025

Interactions Between A High Intensity Wildfire And An Atmopsheric Hydraulic Jump In The Case Of The 2023 Lahaina Fire, Clifford Dw Ehrke

Master's Theses

On 8 August 2023, a grass fire that started in the city of Lahaina, Hawai’i, grew into the deadliest wildfire in the United States since 1918. This wildfire offers a unique opportunity to explore the impact of high heat output on an atmospheric hydraulic jump and a downslope wind event. We conducted two WRF-SFIRE simulations to investigate these effects: one incorporating fire–atmosphere feedback and the other without it. We compare these WRF-SFIRE simulations to all available data regarding the fire event, including high resolution satellite data, weather station data from other parts of Maui and the Hawaiian Archipelago, and official …

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Generalizability Of Existing Ai Models For Automatic Disfluency Detection In Children's Speech, Caryn W. C. Iwakiri Jul 2025

Generalizability Of Existing Ai Models For Automatic Disfluency Detection In Children's Speech, Caryn W. C. Iwakiri

Master's Theses

Achieving consensus in identifying disfluencies and diagnosing developmental stuttering has been a significant challenge for many clinicians, particularly in young bilingual children, who tend to show increased disfluencies. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to recognize more complex yet systematic patterns that might not be easily observable by even trained clinicians. It also has the potential to bring consistency in the measurement of stuttered speech. This study compares the performance of four AI models, their performance on detecting disfluencies including both stutter-like-disfluencies (SLD) and typical disfluencies (TD) in monolingual and bilingual children's data, then explores whether increasing the quantity of …

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Visions Of Kleinian Groups, Genevieve Nguyen Jul 2025

Visions Of Kleinian Groups, Genevieve Nguyen

Master's Theses

Discrete groups of M¨obius transformations, called Kleinian groups, act on the Riemann sphere. We explore the connection between M¨obius transformations and PSL(2,C), its subgroups, and linear algebraic properties to understand the dynamics of various Kleinian groups, including Fuchsian groups and Schottky groups. In particular, we use Mathematica to program visualizations of Schottky groups and their limit sets.

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Quantum Algorithm Emulation Using Fpgas, Samuel Petruescu Jul 2025

Quantum Algorithm Emulation Using Fpgas, Samuel Petruescu

Master's Theses

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have been used in most of the physics sub-fields for various unique purposes. This includes particle physics, quantum optics, and, more recently, quantum computing. FPGAs boast many benefits over previous experimental and computational setups. They are versatile, easy to program, and cost-effective, leading to an understandable desire to incorporate them into the new field of quantum computing. While FPGAs have been used to help control the readout and control of physical qubits, they can also be a good tool for improving algorithm simulations, which is the focus of this paper. Different algorithms have different computational …

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Superconducting Quantum Chip Design And Simulation, James F. Saslow Jul 2025

Superconducting Quantum Chip Design And Simulation, James F. Saslow

Master's Theses

This work presents a comprehensive analytical and simulation-based study of superconducting quantum chip architectures, spanning both 2D planar and 3D-integrated designs. We first design and simulate a planar quantum chip layout using Qiskit Metal, which is imported into Ansys HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) to construct a 3D model and perform electromagnetic simulations. A detailed analysis using Driven Modal, Eigenmode, Magnetostatic, and Q3D Capacitance Extraction solvers ensures our simulations accurately reflect physical behavior. The results are validated against analytical models from microwave engineering. pyEPR (Python Energy Participation Ratio) is used to extract key quantum metrics, including eigenfrequencies, quality factors, decoherence …

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"Are You My Counselor?" A Call To Action How Latinx General Counselors Can Support Latinx Student Retention Rates At California Community College Hispanic-Serving Institutions, Valentín García Cabrera Jul 2025

"Are You My Counselor?" A Call To Action How Latinx General Counselors Can Support Latinx Student Retention Rates At California Community College Hispanic-Serving Institutions, Valentín García Cabrera

Dissertations

Latinx students comprise the largest population within the California Community College (CCC) system, but experience disproportionately lower retention rates. This dissertation used a phenomenological qualitative design and testimonios collected from Latinx general counselors to explore factors influencing Latinx student retention. Sixteen tenured Latinx general counselors from ten Northern California Hispanic-serving community colleges served as participants. Guided by two research questions, the study explored counselors’ perspectives on the factors influencing Latinx community college students’ retention and the counseling strategies, services, and resources that General Counseling Departments should provide to support Latinx student retention. Grounded in Latinx Critical Race Theory, the study …

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Contracts, Communication, And Contextual Integrity: A Case Study About Student Data Use In Higher Education, Joseph Fessehaye Jul 2025

Contracts, Communication, And Contextual Integrity: A Case Study About Student Data Use In Higher Education, Joseph Fessehaye

Dissertations

This case study examines the contractual agreements between the University of Missouri System and the California State University System with the Educational Advisory Board (EAB), focusing on how these contracts align with institutional student data privacy policies. The research utilizes a Policy Document Analysis approach and explores both universities’ strategic plans, student data privacy guidelines, and the third-party agreements with EAB, using a Contextual Integrity framework to analyze how student data is managed and protected. Through the analysis of these documents, this dissertation investigates whether the flow of student data within the context of these contracts meets institutional privacy standards …

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Early Care And Education Systems In The United States Of America: Voices Of The Past, Present, And Future, Timothy Harper Jul 2025

Early Care And Education Systems In The United States Of America: Voices Of The Past, Present, And Future, Timothy Harper

Dissertations

This mixed-methods study centers the voices, knowledge, and leadership of Black and Indigenous women working in Early Care and Education (ECE) while tracing how racism, sexism, and classism have shaped the field from colonization to the present day. Twenty in-depth interviews with sixteen Black and Indigenous educators across the United States are paired with secondary analyses of national workforce data to create a multilayered portrait of their professional realities. Grounded in Black feminist thought and Indigenous desire-based inquiry, the analysis surfaces six inter-locking themes: (a) enduring structural barriers that depress wages and limit advancement, (b) the day-to-day resilience that sustains …

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Exploring Program Participant And Staff Perspectives On Correctional Education Programs, My Ngoc Nguyen Jul 2025

Exploring Program Participant And Staff Perspectives On Correctional Education Programs, My Ngoc Nguyen

Dissertations

In this paper, I explored program participant and staff perspectives on correctional education programs. Prior research measured success of correctional education through recidivism, post-employment opportunities, and post-secondary education. However, few research examined the perspectives of staff, program participants, and alumni of such programs to understand factors that aid in important educational experiences within correctional education programs. In this study, I utilized a mixed-methods approach, where I collected close-ended and open-ended survey responses from 10 staff and 5 program participants on their ratings of program principles and characteristics as well as optional follow-up interviews to elaborate on their survey responses. The …

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Abalone And Seaweed Co-Culture: Growth And Shell Biomineralization Of An Iconic California Gastropod, Noah R. Kolander Jul 2025

Abalone And Seaweed Co-Culture: Growth And Shell Biomineralization Of An Iconic California Gastropod, Noah R. Kolander

Master's Theses

Climate change threatens shellfish aquaculture worldwide, with ocean acidification (OA) accelerating shell dissolution and reducing calcification, hindering growth. This study addressed the negative impacts of OA on juvenile red abalone (Haliotis rufescens), a life stage that is particularly susceptible to climate stressors, and the ability of the red seaweed, dulse (Devaleraea mollis), to mitigate these effects. I tested the hypothesis that Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA), with abalone and seaweed grown in co-culture, can raise seawater pH through photosynthesis to yield more favorable conditions for abalone growth and shell construction. A 5-month experiment was conducted to determine the benefits of IMTA …

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Using Facial Recognition For Selective Pose Detection, William J. Parker Jul 2025

Using Facial Recognition For Selective Pose Detection, William J. Parker

Master's Theses

Pose detection involves locating and identifying key body points for all individuals within a frame. This enables the ability to convert the pose into a digital format, which can then be recorded and analyzed for a variety of purposes. Advancements in the field have already opened applications in areas such as digital fitness coaches, fall detection, and virtual reality. Existing approaches primarily focus on tracking all detected individuals, which limits the practical applications when attempting to analyze a single or specific subject when there are other people in frame. Previous work has discussed integrating identification, but these approaches use identification …

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Sirilla: Predicting Traffic Flow Via Stacked Decentralized Federated Learning, Andrew Selvia Jul 2025

Sirilla: Predicting Traffic Flow Via Stacked Decentralized Federated Learning, Andrew Selvia

Master's Theses

Billions of people today rely on traffic predictions to optimize their travels. Digital mapping services deliver accurate predictions by learning from vast troves of historical data. Impressive as these systems are, their assumptions do not always apply. They depend on an endless flow of sensitive user data to a central authority, a stable Internet connection, and trustworthiness on both sides of the traditional client-server model. This thesis explores a novel architecture which bucks those assumptions. In the proposed model, traffic data remains on edge devices which individually train models via federated learning. Beyond the obvious privacy benefits, this architecture enables …

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Lessons From The 2023 Ieee Autonomous Drone Chase Challenge, Luigi Raphael I. Dy, Kristoffer B. Borgen, John H. Mott, Yung Hsiang Lu, Li Yu Lin, Zhangpeng Yang, James M. Goppert, Jakub Tomczak, Stefano Roccella, Andrea Vannini, Zhiwei Dong Jul 2025

Lessons From The 2023 Ieee Autonomous Drone Chase Challenge, Luigi Raphael I. Dy, Kristoffer B. Borgen, John H. Mott, Yung Hsiang Lu, Li Yu Lin, Zhangpeng Yang, James M. Goppert, Jakub Tomczak, Stefano Roccella, Andrea Vannini, Zhiwei Dong

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

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Radial Velocities And Stellar Populations For A Sample Of Matlas Survey Dwarfs, Kate Southon, Jonah S. Gannon, Duncan A. Forbes, Arsen Levitskiy, Maria Luisa Buzzo, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Jean P. Brodie Jul 2025

Radial Velocities And Stellar Populations For A Sample Of Matlas Survey Dwarfs, Kate Southon, Jonah S. Gannon, Duncan A. Forbes, Arsen Levitskiy, Maria Luisa Buzzo, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Jean P. Brodie

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Spectroscopic observations are essential for confirming associations, measuring kinematics, and determining stellar populations in dwarf galaxies. Here, we present Keck Cosmic Web Imager spectra for 12 MATLAS survey dwarfs. For 9, we confirm recession velocities consistent with their literature-assumed host galaxies. We propose revisions of the host galaxy associations for MATLAS-631, 1494, and 1938. For MATLAS-1494, our measured redshift reclassifies it from an ultra-diffuse galaxy candidate to a dwarf galaxy that is of smaller physical size and places it in the field. It also appears old and passive, providing a challenge to models that invoke quenching by tidal effects. Additionally, …

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Navigating Multiple Virtual Teams: How Variety In Communication Rules Affects Knowledge Sharing, Valerio Incerti, Kelly J. Fadel, Elisa Mattarelli, Fabiola Bertolotti, Francesca Bellesia, Paula Ungureanu, Katherine M. Chudoba Jul 2025

Navigating Multiple Virtual Teams: How Variety In Communication Rules Affects Knowledge Sharing, Valerio Incerti, Kelly J. Fadel, Elisa Mattarelli, Fabiola Bertolotti, Francesca Bellesia, Paula Ungureanu, Katherine M. Chudoba

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In contemporary workplaces, individuals are often members of more than one virtual team at a time, that is, they experience multiple virtual team membership (MVTM), and they are subjected to context variety due to different rules across their teams. The aim of this paper is to understand the relationship between context variety related to communication rules and knowledge sharing in situations of MVTM. We propose that context variety and switching between teams negatively affect the individual capability to acquire and provide knowledge resources in a team, due in part to an increased perception of role overload. Through an experimental study, …

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Hydrogen Fuel Cell Application For Port Drayage Truck: Integrated Transportation And Energy Modeling, Shams Tanvir, Emu Ghosh Jul 2025

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Application For Port Drayage Truck: Integrated Transportation And Energy Modeling, Shams Tanvir, Emu Ghosh

Mineta Transportation Institute

This report investigates the viability of hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) for port drayage applications, focusing on both energy modeling and economic feasibility. Port drayage—trucking operations that move goods a short distance to and from ports—is a key part of freight logistics and the critical movement of goods in American communities. This project developed a microscopic energy consumption model using second-by-second activity data from 38 Class 8 diesel drayage trucks operating in Southern California. The model emulated FCEV operations and determined an average hydrogen fuel consumption of 0.15 kg/mile across 749 trips. This data informed a levelized cost of …

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Explainable Use Of Foundation Models For Job Hiring, Vishnu S. Pendyala, Neha Bais Thakur, Radhika Agarwal Jul 2025

Explainable Use Of Foundation Models For Job Hiring, Vishnu S. Pendyala, Neha Bais Thakur, Radhika Agarwal

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Automating candidate shortlisting is a non-trivial task that stands to benefit substantially from advances in artificial intelligence. We evaluate a suite of foundation models such as Llama 2, Llama 3, Mixtral, Gemma-2b, Gemma-7b, Phi-3 Small, Phi-3 Mini, Zephyr, and Mistral-7b for their ability to predict hiring outcomes in both zero-shot and few-shot settings. Using only features extracted from applicants’ submissions, these models, on average, achieved an AUC above 0.5 in zero-shot settings. Providing a few examples similar to the job applicants based on a nearest neighbor search improved the prediction rate marginally, indicating that the models perform competently even without …

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A Simple Model Of Spiral Galaxies From Geometric Optics, Bogdan Szafraniec, James N. Blake Jul 2025

A Simple Model Of Spiral Galaxies From Geometric Optics, Bogdan Szafraniec, James N. Blake

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We propose a simple model of spiral galaxies based on the interference of gravitational waves. The interference is deduced from geometric optics analysis of the refractive index profiles that mimic the behavior of gravitational potentials −1/r and r2. We analyze the refractive index profiles, n(r)2 = a + b/r and n(r)2 = a + br2, because they are realistically shaped and yield closed form solutions. The two profiles yield similar physical results, showing that the physical interpretation is not dependent on the exact details of the profile. The first profile yields trajectories that can …

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Santa, Socials, And Secrets: Hard Cases For Epistemic Rights, Étienne Brown, Rebecca Chan Jun 2025

Santa, Socials, And Secrets: Hard Cases For Epistemic Rights, Étienne Brown, Rebecca Chan

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In The Right to Know, Lani Watson forcefully argues in favor of recognizing epistemic rights to all humans. In this paper, we apply Watson’s framework to three hard cases. First, we consider interpersonal relationships and suggest that there is room to explore how epistemic rights bear on, e.g., whether parents can permissibly lie to or mislead their children by asserting the existence of Santa Claus. Second, we turn to social media platforms and contend that Watson’s framework is compatible with contrasting moderation policies and transparency requirements. Third, we examine a foundational case of legal ethics—the buried bodies case—which raises the …

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The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Ecojustice And Ethics, Vishnu S. Pendyala Jun 2025

The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Ecojustice And Ethics, Vishnu S. Pendyala

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attained human-level performance in tasks like text summarization, machine translation, and code generation while handling multimodal data. Despite these advances, AI poses challenges such as generating false or biased outputs, causing discrimination, and exhibiting opaque decision-making processes that hinder bias mitigation. Additionally, training large language models (LLMs) for AI consumes substantial energy and can enable autonomous warfare, posing a threat to eco-justice, and raising sustainability concerns. Their ability to create realistic content poses the risk of misuse and perpetuating misinformation. This article addresses these ethical issues and presents solutions through regulation and technology, with examples of …

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