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Changes In Microglial Morphology Following An Acute Stressor In Male And Female Rats, Houston Meminger, Jadebrielle Bennesh, Mikayla Voglewede, Amy L. Brewster Phd, Susan Sangha Phd

Purdue Undergraduate Research Conference

Changes in microglial morphology following an acute stressor in male and female rats Houston Meminger1*, Jadebrielle Bennesh1*, Mikayla Voglewede 1Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University *Contributed equally Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by generalized fear responses to previously non-aversive stimuli following exposure to a traumatic event. Despite incidence rates for traumatic events being nearly equal between the sexes, women are twice as likely to develop PTSD. To explore these sex differences, we are examining how microglia in the prefrontal cortex respond to stress in both male and female Long Evans rats. Specifically, male and female rats were exposed to …

Understanding The Transcarboxylation Reaction Performed By Acetyl Coa Carboxylase, Ana Pascual-Garrigos

Purdue Undergraduate Research Conference

Malonyl-CoA is a molecule involved in a variety of important reactions and it is biologically important as it is required for fatty acid synthesis. This compound is also highly reactive making it and the enzymes that use it difficult to study. As a result, in order to learn mechanistic information, more stable analogs of malonyl-CoA were made in order to mimic the size, shape and acidity of the thioester and carboxylate groups. Throughout the semester, some malonyl-CoA analogs were synthesized and bacterial inhibition growth assays were performed with Escherichia Coli, Bacillus cereus, and Micrococcus luteus. However, the inhibition predicted was …

High Temperature Alkene Oligomerization On Single Site Cobalt Catalysts, Ethan Edwards

Purdue Undergraduate Research Conference

Global demand for energy is continually increasing and it is vital that researchers discover more efficient and sustainable methods for utilizing scarce resources. Shale gas is a form of natural gas that is trapped within shale formations and has become an increasingly vital source of natural gas for the United States through the development of the hydraulic fracturing extraction process. Heterogeneous, non-acidic catalysts can be used to convert the light alkanes in shale gas to more usable and transportable products. Catalytic shale gas conversion is a two-step process that includes the dehydrogenation of light alkanes to olefins and then the …

Whole-Brain Approaches For Investigating Iron Accumulation By R2* Show No Excess From Occupational Exposure To Welding Fumes, Jennifer Davis

Purdue Undergraduate Research Conference

Iron (Fe) is commonly found in elevated quantities in the human brain afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases. While it is unknown how Fe plays in the etiologies of these diseases, welders inhale large quantities of metal particulates in welding fume, including iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn). Mn is a neurotoxin that has been shown to accumulate in the brains of welding fume exposed workers by increasing the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) R1 contrast. R1 and R2* are MRI parameters that are proportionate to Mn and Fe accumulation, respectively. Measurements of Mn in the brain could be confounded by accumulated Fe, mostly …

Perceptions Of Ally Confrontations, Celine Jusuf

Purdue Undergraduate Research Conference

Research related to interpersonal confrontations, where one person points out a way in which another person had engaged in stereotypical or prejudicial bias, has provided a wealth of knowledge about factors that influence the extent to which confrontations reduce bias (e.g., Czopp, Monteith, & Mark, 2006; Chaney & Sanchez, 2017; Mallet & Wagner, 2011; Parker, Monteith, Moss-Racusin, & Van Camp, 2018). However, how do minority-group members perceive confrontations on behalf of their social/ethnic group, and does group membership of the confronter matter? The present experiment investigates how Asian women perceive confrontations of prejudice against their group when performed by an …

Simultaneous Gains In Grain Yield And Nitrogen Efficiency Over 70 Years Of Maize Genetic Improvement, Sarah M. Mueller, Carlos D. Messina, Tony J. Vyn

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

The competing demands of increasing grain yields to feed a growing population and decreasing nitrogen (N) fertilizer use and loss to the environment poses a grand challenge to farmers and society, and necessitates achieving improved N use efficiency (NUE) in cereal crops. Although selection for increased yield in maize has improved NUE over time, the present understanding of the physiological determinants of NUE and its key components hampers the design of more effective breeding strategies conducive to accelerating genetic gain for this trait. We show that maize NUE gains have been supported by more efficient allocation of N among plant …

Antibiotic-Induced Decreases Inthe Levels Of Microbial-Derivedshort-Chain Fatty Acids Correlatewith Increased Gastrointestinalcolonization Of Candida Albicans, Jack Guinan, Shaohua Wang, Tony R. Hazbun, Hariom Yadav, Shankar Thangamani

Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Faculty Publications

Candida albicans is the fourth most common cause of systemic nosocomial infections, posing a significant risk in immunocompromised individuals. As the majority of systemic C. albicans infections stem from endogenous gastrointestinal (GI) colonization, understanding the mechanisms associated with GI colonization is essential in the development of novel methods to prevent C. albicans-related mortality. In this study, we investigated the role of microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including acetate, butyrate, and propionate on growth, morphogenesis, and GI colonization of C. albicans. Our results indicate that cefoperazone-treated mice susceptible to C. albicans infection had significantly decreased levels of SCFAs in the cecal …

Explaining National Trends In Terrestrial Water Storage, C. Bayan Bruss, Roshanak Nateghi, Benjamin F. Zaitchik

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Access to fresh water is critical for human well-being, economic activity and, in some cases, political stability. Data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) has been used to monitor variability and trends in total water storage. This makes it possible to associate changes in water storage with both climate variability and large scale water management. Recent research has shown that these trends can be associated, globally, with rainfall, irrigation, and climate model predictions. This research indicates a need for further investigation into specific human predictors of trends in terrestrial water storage. This paper presents the first global scale …

Investigating The Drivers Of Farm Diversification Among U.S. Fruit And Vegetable Operations, Nicholas A. Lancaster, Ariana P. Torres

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Diversification of an agricultural operation’s crop mix is considered an environmental and financial management strategy. Environmentally, crop diversification can stabilize the ecosystem via the introduction of biodiversity, allowing for more rapid response to physical and social changes. Economically, crop mix diversification can mitigate risk. Though there are environmental and economic benefits of crop diversification, little economic work has been conducted on crop diversification outside of the row crop industry. This study estimated how internal and external factors affect crop diversification among fruit and vegetable (FV) operations. External factors included access to markets and land; internal factors included farmer beliefs and …

Turbine Passage Design Methodology To Minimize Entropy Production-A Two-Step Optimization Strategy, Paht Juangphanich, Cis De Maesschalck, Guillermo Paniagua

School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Faculty Publications

Rapid aerodynamic design and optimization is essential for the development of future turbomachinery. The objective of this work is to demonstrate a methodology from 1D mean-line-design to a full 3D aerodynamic optimization of the turbine stage using a parameterization strategy that requires few parameters. The methodology is tested by designing a highly loaded and efficient turbine for the Purdue Experimental Turbine Aerothermal Laboratory. This manuscript describes the entire design process including the 2D/3D parameterization strategy in detail. The objective of the design is to maximize the entropy definition of efficiency while simultaneously maximizing the stage loading. Optimal design trends are …

Localization Of Noise Sources In An Outdoor Hvac Unit By Using The Arbitrary Source Location Method In Combination With Wideband Acoustical Holography, Wesaam Lepak, Weonchan Sung, Tongyang Shi, Yangfan Liu, Weimin Thor, Patricia Davies, J Stuart Bolton

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

An outdoor heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) unit has multiple noise sources which contribute to its overall acoustical signature, such as fan blade passage noise, compressor noise, aeroacoustic noise from vortex shedding off the grille, and structure-borne radiated noise. The identification of each noise source’s strength and frequency content is key to giving the designer the ability to shape the HVAC unit’s sound quality. In the present work, a two-dimensional microphone array was used to localize noise sources by using one of the commonly available acoustical holography methods, Wideband Acoustical Holography (WBH). It has previously been found that WBH …

The Acoustical Coupling Of Poro-Elastic Media In A Layered Structure Based On The Transfer Matrix Method, Yutong Xue, J Stuart Bolton, Yangfan Liu

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

Originally inspired by a classical modeling methodology in electrical engineering, the transfer matrix method (TMM) has proven to be an accurate and efficient way to model layered acoustic media. In the case of fluid, or effective fluid, media, the acoustic TMM elements are conventionally modeled as two-by-two matrices. In contrast, a six-by-six matrix is required to model a poro-elastic layer because of the multiple types of waves that can propagate within it. Introduced here is a modified TMM that draws on various matrix operations to couple the six-by-six poro-elastic layer matrix with the two-by-two matrices of other acoustic elements. The …

The Potential Of Industry Standards In Undergraduate Education, Heather A. Howard, Margaret Phillips, Alyson Vaaler, David Hubbard

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Industry standards have a significant impact on business as a means to eliminate waste, reduce costs, market products (e.g., for quality, safety, interoperability) and lessen liability (Thompson, 2011). Consequently, an understanding and the ability to use standards, agreed upon practices among interested or vested parties, is a critical workplace competency for those engaged in business and industry. To have a workforce competent in the use of standards, higher education curricula must be developed to integrate standards education at appropriate points within the curriculum. Despite the importance of standards, they are not universally integrated into the college and university curricula. Given …

Articulating The Value Of Our Daily Work: An Initial Discussion Of The Assessment Challenges Of Engineering Librarians, Amy G. Buhler, Margaret Phillips, Amy Van Epps

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Engineering librarians need to assess the effectiveness of our library instruction and outreach for many reasons, including communicating library value to institutional stakeholders and making impactful contributions to the scholarly literature. However, as practitioners, most librarians have not been formally educated in research design, data collection, and data analysis. To increase our skills and knowledge and to better align with various publication expectations and guidelines (e.g., ELD Author Guidelines), this panel will lead a discussion on library assessment needs with regard to research design, data collection, data analysis, and dissemination and discovery. The goal of the panel is to …

The Amelia Earhart Legacy At Purdue University, Jessica Perkins

Purdue Undergraduate Research Conference

My research began with the question of what Amelia Earhart’s impact was on Purdue University. The focus of my research examined Earhart’s time at Purdue where she worked in the Department of Aeronautics as well as a consultant in careers for women. Most of my research was done by examining primary source documents from the George Palmer Putnam Collection of Amelia Earhart Papers. In accordance with the archival material, I also used secondary sources to gain a greater perspective of the Purdue community’s relationship with Earhart. My findings are that the impact of Amelia Earhart’s presence at Purdue University extends …

Developing Faculty Resources For Meeting Graduate Writing Needs, Vicki Kennell, Michelle Campbell

Purdue Writing Lab/Purdue OWL Graduate Student Publications

This workshop will help readers think about and plan for developing faculty resources to support graduate writing in their own context. Information is provided about the development of a faculty guide for graduate writing in order to show how resource development might look in a specific context. Supplemental materials guide readers through a needs analysis to help clarify their own institutional needs and possibilities.

Comparative Assessment In John Dewey, Confucius, And Global Philosophy, Holly Walker-Coté

Education and Culture

No abstract provided.

John Dewey, America’S Peace-Minded Educator, Catherine C. Willoughby

Education and Culture

No abstract provided.

Dewey’S Ideas In Action! Continuing Professional Development In An International Community Of Practice, Sabrina R. Goldberg

Education and Culture

Drawing on Dewey’s concepts and thinking, a middle school mathematics teacher at The School at Columbia University describes her teaching practice and role as a field-based teacher-educator and professional development leader during EdTech Summit Africa. Through a first-person account of her experiences in Cape Town, Johannesburg, and Pretoria, South Africa, the author reflects on how professional development with technology was embraced and illuminates why the development of an international community of practice with primary, secondary, and tertiary teachers is evolving. The article is divided into four sections.

Bordentown: Where Dewey’S “Learning To Earn” Met Du Boisian Educational Priorities, Connie Goddard

Education and Culture

John Dewey and W.E.B. Du Bois were prominent critics of how vocational education programs were often used to restrict rather than enhance student aspirations. An overview of the Bordentown Manual Training and Industrial School for Colored Youth (1886–1955) suggests that it met requirements both men articulated for the right kind of vocational education; however, the school’s legacy has been largely ignored by historians. Further, Dewey and Du Bois, who knew of but had little interaction with each other, may never have discussed their shared interest in vocational education or their awareness of the school’s mission and accomplishments.

Dewey’S Political Technology From An Anthropological Perspective, Shane J. Ralston

Education and Culture

This article explores the possibility that John Dewey’s silence about which democratic means are needed to achieve democratic ends, while confusing, makes greater sense if we appreciate the notion of political technology from an anthropological perspective. Michael Eldridge relates the exchange between John Herman Randall, Jr. and Dewey in which Dewey concedes “that I have done little or nothing in this direction [of outlining what constitutes adequate political technology, but that] does not detract from my recognition that in the concrete the invention of such a technology is the heart of the problem of intelligent action in political matters.” Dewey’s …

Cultivating Democratic Hope In Dark Times: Strategies For Action, Kathy Hytten

Education and Culture

In this essay, I reflect on the need for an activist notion of hope as an antidote to the social, political, and educational challenges we face in our current times. I first discuss some of these challenges as well as emergent signs of hope based upon different ways of telling the stories of our present. I then define hope as a way of being and intervening in the world, as opposed to a personal character trait or optimistic demeanor, and discuss some enemies of hope. In the heart of the essay, I discuss four important habits of hope that can …

Editor’S Note, David Granger

Education and Culture

No abstract provided.

Design Of Lightweight Fibrous Vibration Damping Treatments To Achieve Optimal Performance In Realistic Applications, Yutong Xue, J Stuart Bolton, Thomas Herdtle

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

I n recent work, it has been shown that conventional sound absorbing materials (e.g., lightweight fibrous media) can provide structural damping when placed adjacent to vibrating structures, including infinite panels, partiallyconstrained panels and periodically-supported panels typical of aircraft structures. Thus, a fibrous layer may serve two functions at once: absorption of airborne sound and the reduction of structure-borne vibration. It has also been found that the damping is primarily effective below the critical frequency of the structure, and that the damping results from viscous interaction between the fibrous layer and the evanescent near-field of the panel, in the region where …

A Comparison Of Near-Field Acoustical Holography Methods Applied To Noise Source Identification, Tongyang Shi, J Stuart Bolton

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

Near-Field Acoustical Holography (NAH) is an inverse process in which sound pressure measurements made in the near-field of an unknown sound source are used to reconstruct the sound field so that source distributions can be clearly identified. NAH was originally based on performing spatial transforms of arrays of measured pressures and then processing the data in the wavenumber domain, a procedure that entailed the use of very large microphone arrays to avoid spatial truncation effects. Over the last twenty years, a number of different NAH methods have been proposed that can reduce or avoid spatial truncation issues: for example, Statistically …

The Identification Of Minimum Weight Sound Packages That Meet Specified Vehicle Interior Sound Pressure Levels, Hyunjun Shin, J Stuart Bolton

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

A vehicle’s fuel mileage is directly related to its CO2 emissions, which have a negative impact on the environment. This negative vehicle attribute can, of course, be mitigated by increasing the vehicle’s fuel mileage beyond current levels: the reduction of vehicle weight is one of the options automobile manufacturers can employ to meet that goal. Similarly, an electric vehicles range can be increased by reducing the vehicle’s weight. Therefore, the minimization of the weight of vehicle sound packages while maintaining their acoustical performance has a positive impact on the environment as well as on vehicle efficiency. In this research, a …

Scopus - Compare Sources, Margaret Phillips

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

This presentation was delivered on June 6, 2019 as part of a Scopus webinar titled "How Scopus can help address researchers' most pressing questions."

The webinar, co-presented with Eleonora Presani from Elsevier, addressed these topics:

• Where do I publish?
• How can I make sure my research is novel?
• How can I easily maintain my researcher profile and showcase my impact?

A recording of the webinar is freely available at this link: https://tinyurl.com/scopuscomparesources

Road Scholar Core Course #1 - Asset Management, Pat Conner P.E.

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Conference Proceedings

This course provides a detailed overview of the concepts of asset management and how to apply these concepts to the planning and operations of a local public agency. This course will also provide detailed information on the LTAP Data Management System (DMS) and the tools and resources available to assist in your Pavement Asset Management Plan (PAMP) preparation.

While several components can make up a transportation asset management plan, this course will focus on pavement management and how to identify the condition of existing road networks. Attendees will also be presented effective methods for establishing priorities and developing policies and …

"Il Y A De La Plèbe": Figurations Of The Minor Between Complicity And Dissent, Maria Muhle

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In this article I discuss the logic of “complicity” and “dissent” that, under current forms of ultra-neoliberal capitalism, is no longer (if it has ever been) one of opposition but rather corresponds to a logic of unrealized potentials, or “as ifs” that “manage” dissent and complicity in conjunction, and erase the dividing line between them, or their value as separate concepts. I examine the genealogy of this opposition and its dilution as a symptom of our contemporary political reality. Michel Foucault presented a paradigmatic view of this genealogy in his analysis of power and the taxonomic separation of three regimes …

Political Violence And Race: A Critique Of Hannah Arendt, Chad Kautzer

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Hannah Arendt’s On Violence (1970) is a seminal work in the study of political violence. It famously draws a distinction between power and violence and argues that the latter must be excluded from the political sphere. Although this may make Arendt’s text an appealing resource for critiques of rising political violence today, I argue that we should resist this temptation. In this article, I identify how the divisions and exclusions within her theory enable her to explicitly disavow violence on one level, while implicitly relying on a constitutive and racialized form of violence on another. In particular, Arendt leaves legal …