Digital Commons Network^™

Asparagus Cultivar Trial – Selinsgrove, Pa, Carl Cantaluppi

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

This paper reports on yields of three asparagus varieties in Pennsylvania harvested one year after planting one-year-old crowns.

Neuroanatomical Correlates Of Impulsive Traits In Children Aged 9 To 10., Max M. Owens, Courtland S. Hyatt, Joshua C. Gray, Joshua D. Miller, Donald R. Lynam, Sage Hahn, Nicholas Allgaier, Alexandra Potter, Hugh Garavan

Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications

Impulsivity refers to a set of traits that are generally negatively related to critical domains of adaptive functioning and are core features of numerous psychiatric disorders. The current study examined the gray and white matter correlates of five impulsive traits measured using an abbreviated version of the UPPS-P (Urgency, (lack of) Premeditation, (lack of) Perseverance, Sensation-Seeking, Positive Urgency) impulsivity scale in children aged 9 to 10 (N = 11,052) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Linear mixed effect models and elastic net regression were used to examine features of regional gray matter and white matter tractography most …

Acoustical Characteristics Of Segmented Plates With Contact Interfaces, Srinivas Varanasi, Thomas Siegmund, J Stuart Bolton

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

The possibility of shifting sound energy from lower to higher frequency bands is investigated. The system configuration considered is a segmented structure having non-linear stiffness characteristics. It is proposed here that such a frequency-shifting mechanism could complement metamaterial concepts for mass-efficient sound barriers. The acoustical behavior of the material system was studied through a representative two-dimensional model consisting of a segmented plate with a contact interface. Multiple harmonic peaks were observed in response to a purely single frequency excitation, and the strength of the response was found to depend on the degree of non-linearity introduced. The lower and closer an …

Development Of Fem Laboratory Modules For An Introductory Undergraduate Geotechnical Engineering Course, Osvaldo P. M. Vitali, Amy Getchell, Marika Santagata

Lyles School of Civil Engineering Education and Instruction Resources

While geotechnical and structural engineers routinely rely heavily on finite element (FEM) modeling for analysis and design, exposure to numerical modeling and to software used in industry is generally limited in most civil engineering undergraduate curricula. This document summarizes the experience of introducing an industry FEM software - Midas GTS NX – into the Geotechnical Engineering I course at Purdue University in the Spring 2020 semester, through two laboratory modules built around key topics covered in the course: 2D groundwater flow and stress analysis. In addition to providing exposure to tools used in practice, the modules were designed to consolidate …

Optimizing Solar Cooling Systems, Maher Shehadi

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

This papers discusses solar powered absorption cycle performance by simulating different component temperatures. The main components that were investigated included a generator, condenser, absorber and evaporator. The COP was optimized against the generator temperature while varying the other temperatures one at a time. The considered range for the generator temperature was 55–85�C (131–185 F). The optimum value for the evaporator temperature was 10�C (50 F), while that for the condenser and absorber was 30�C (86 F). The optimized COP was around 0.776 with the above selected components’ temperatures and for generator temperatures higher than 70�C (158 F). A simulation for …

Graduate Student Confidence Following A For-Credit Systematic Review Course Pilot: Qualitative And Quantitative Data, Bethany S. Mcgowan, Jason B. Reed, Jane Yatcilla

Libraries Faculty and Staff Supplemental Materials

3 Excel files and supplementary tables that describe the qualitative and quantitative results of data analysis related to the case study, 'Graduate student confidence following a for-credit systematic review course pilot: a case report' (Journal of the Medical Library Association, April 2021). The course syllabus is also included as a Word document.

Motivations And Challenges In Unmanaged Edge Computing, Shikhar Suryavansh, Kwang Taik Kim

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Report On The Use Of Assistive Robotics To Aid Persons With Disabilities, Brittany Allen, Christina Bagnati, Erika Dow, Alexander Friel, Sahar Ibrahim, Haley June, Nicholas Laten, Vy Le, Elizabeth Manes, Maria Mccoy, Joseph Mcgow-Russell, Maryam Nuru, Jessica Payne, Esther Roselaar, Tommy Sanders, Julia Schwieterman, Natalie Scott, Kelli Stanton, Kathleen Van Antwerp, Shulin Wang, Lakmini Wilson, Bradley S. Duerstock

Undergraduate Coursework

No abstract provided.

Comparative Impact Of Sio2 And Tio2 Nanofillers On The Performance Of Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes, Gulsum Melike Urper-Bayram, Nathan Bossa, David M. Warsinger, Ismail Koyuncu, Mark Wiesner

School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Nanoparticle (NP) additions can substantially improve the performance of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration polyamide (PA) membranes. However, the relative impacts of leading additives are poorly understood. In this study, we compare the effects of TiO2 and SiO2 NPs as nanofillers in PA membranes with respect to permeate flux and the rejection of organic matter (OM) and salts. Thin‐film nanocomposite (TFN) PA membranes were fabricated using similarly sized TiO2 15 nm and SiO2 (10 – 20 nm) NPs, introduced at four different NP concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.2, and 0.5% w/v). Compared with PA membranes fabricated without NPs, membranes fabricated with nanofillers …

Desalination Innovations Needed To Ensure Clean Water For The Next 50 Years, David M. Warsinger

School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Supersweet Sweet Corn Cultivar Evaluation For Northern Indiana, 2019, Elizabeth Maynard

Purdue Fruit and Vegetable Research Reports

This is a compilation of 12 research trial reports from four land-grant universities in the Midwestern United States. Crops include cantaloupe, pickling cucumber, pepper, potato, pumpkin, summer squash and zucchini, sweet corn, tomato, and watermelon. Somecrops were evaluated in high tunnels or hoophouses. Most trials evaluated different cultivars or varieties. One report addressed plant spacing for sweet corn and one addressed soil block for production of tomato seedlings. A list of vegetable seed sources and a list of other online sources of vegetable trial reports are also included.

Religious Heterogamy And The Intergenerational Transmission Of Religion In China, Brian L. Mcphail, Fenggang Yang

Department of Sociology Faculty Publications

Research has long demonstrated that parents who do not share the same religious tradition produce less religious children than parents who do. Therefore, religious heterogamy has been associated with the generational decline of religion in Western societies. How about China, where religion has been resurging in the last few decades? Existing studies suggest two opposing possibilities, the restrictive and repressive national context may diminish parental impact on religious socialization, or the family of religious minorities withstands contextual pressures. Using the 2007 Spiritual Life Survey of Chinese Residents, we applied logistic regression modeling to examine patterns of association between having one …

Pragmatic Development During Study Abroad: L2 Intensifiers In Spoken Spanish, Lori Czerwionka, Daniel J. Olson

School of Languages and Cultures Faculty Publications

The current investigation examined the development of second language (L2) intensifier use in spoken Spanish over a 6-week immersion program in Madrid (n = 45). Native Spanish speakers from Madrid (n = 10) served as a comparison group to represent the local ambient input or sociopragmatic norm to which L2 learners were exposed. Data were extracted from semi-structured interviews. Results exposed different developmental trends over the program for intensifier frequency, intensifier lexical diversity, and intensifier collocations. While learners already had a strong sense of which intensifiers were most frequent in Spanish and how to use them in appropriate linguistic environments …

Transport Mechanisms During Water Droplet Evaporation On Heated Substrates, Z. Pan, J. A. Weibel, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

The evaporation of water droplets placed on heated hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and superhydrophobic sub- strates is numerically investigated. Simplified analytical models for droplet evaporation only include va- por diffusion transport in the surrounding gas domain and assume an isothermal droplet interface at the substrate temperature. The comprehensive model developed in this study accounts for all of the per- tinent transport mechanisms. The interface is cooled via absorption of latent heat during evaporation, and the saturated vapor concentration is coupled to local temperature at the droplet interface. Conjugate heat and mass transfer are solved throughout the system using temperature-dependent physical prop- erties. …

Fully Dried Two-Dimensional Paper Network For Enzymatically Enhanced Detection Of Nucleic Acid Amplicons, Kristin M. Byers, Anna R. Bird, Hyundae D. Cho, Jacqueline C. Linnes

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Two-dimensional paper networks (2DPNs) have enabled the use of paper-based platforms to perform multistep immunoassays for detection of pathogenic diseases at the point-of-care. To date, however, detection has required the user to provide multiple signal enhancement solutions and been limited to protein targets. We solve these challenges by using mathematical equations to guide the device design of a novel 2DPN, which leverages multiple fluidic inputs to apply fully dried solutions of hydrogen peroxide, diaminobenzidine, and horseradish peroxidase signal enhancement reagents to enhance the limit-ofdetection of numerous nucleic acid products. Upon rehydration in our unique 2DPN design, the dried signal enhancement …

Time-Resolved Characterization Of Microchannel Flow Boiling During Transient Heating: Part 2 – Dynamic Response To Time-Periodic Heat Flux Pulses, T. A. Kingston, J. A. Weibel, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Flow boiling in microchannels is an effective method for dissipating high heat fluxes. However, two- phase heat sink operation during transient heating conditions remains relatively unexplored. In Part 1 of this two-part study, the dynamic response of flow boiling to a single heat flux pulse was experimentally studied. In this Part 2, the effect of heating pulse frequency on microchannel flow boiling is explored when a time-periodic series of pulses is applied to the channel. HFE-7100 is driven through a single 500 μm-diameter glass microchannel using a constant pressure reservoir. A thin indium tin oxide layer on the outside surface …

Full Daytime Sub-Ambient Radiative Cooling In Commercial-Like Paints With High Figure Of Merit, X. Li, J. Peoples, Z. Huang, Z. Zhao, J. Qui, X. Ruan

CTRC Research Publications

Radiative cooling is a passive cooling technology that acts by reflecting sunlight and emitting radiation in the sky window. Although highly desirable, full daytime sub-ambient radiative cooling in commercial-like single-layer particle-matrix paints has not been achieved. Here, we demonstrate full daytime sub-ambient radiative cooling in CaCO3-acrylic paint by using large band gap CaCO3 fillers, a high particle concentration of 60%, and a broad size distribution. Our paint shows a high solar reflectance of 95.5% and a high normal emissivity of 0.94 in the sky window. Field tests show cooling power exceeding 37 W/m2 and a surface temperature of >1.7 degrees …

Comparative Evaluation Of Algorithms For Achieving Ultrapacked Thermal Greases: Microstructural Models And Effective Behavior, S. Achar, H. Liao, G. Subbarayan

CTRC Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Reconsideration Of Energy Balance In Jiles–Atherton Model For Accurate Prediction Of B–H Trajectories In Ferrites, Harshita Singh, Scott D. Sudhoff

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In this article, the energy balance equation in the original Jiles-Atherton model is revisited. In particular, the assumption that the energy stored in a lossy material is equal to that stored in a lossless material is removed. This modification results in more accurate prediction of B -H trajectories. A new approach to characterize material parameters based on resonant response is also set forth. Extensive experimental validation is provided and model parameters for several common materials are given.

Time-Resolved Characterization Of Microchannel Flow Boiling During Transient Heating: Part 1 – Dynamic Response To A Single Heat Flux Pulse, T. A. Kingston, J. A. Weibel, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Microchannel flow boiling is an attractive approach for the thermal management of high-heat-flux elec- tronic devices that are often operated in transient modes. In Part 1 of this two-part study, the dynamic response of a heated 500 μm channel undergoing flow boiling of HFE-7100 is experimentally investigated for a single heat flux pulse. Three heat flux levels exhibiting highly contrasting flow behavior under con- stant heating conditions are used: a low heat flux corresponding to single-phase flow (15 kW/m 2 ), an intermediate heat flux corresponding to continuous flow boiling (75 kW/m 2 ), and a very high heat flux …

The Effect Of Channel Diameter On Flow Freezing In Microchannel, A. Jain, A. Miglani, J. A. Weibel, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

An understanding of the factors that affect the flow freezing process in microchannels is important in the development of microfluidic ice valves featuring well-controlled and fast response times. This study explores the effect of channel diameter on the flow freezing process and the time to achieve channel closure. The freezing process is experimentally investigated for a pressure-driven water flow (0.3 ml/min) through three glass microchannels with inner diameters of 50 0 μm, 30 0 μm, and 10 0 μm, respectively, using channel-wall temperature measurements synchronized with high-magnification, high-speed imag- ing. Freezing invariably initiates in supercooled water as a thin layer …

Role Of Nanoscale Roughness In The Heat Transfer Characteristics Of Thin Film Evaporation, H. Hu, J. A. Weibel, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Thin film evaporation yields high local heat fluxes that contributes significantly to the total heat transfer rate during various two-phase transport processes including pool boiling, flow boiling, and droplet evapo- ration, among others. Recent studies have shown a strong correlation between the roughness of a surface and its two-phase heat transfer characteristics, but the underlying role of nanoscale surface roughness in thin film evaporation is not fully understood. In the present work, a thin film evaporation model is developed that accounts for the role of the roughness-affected disjoining pressure and flow permeability in determining the film thickness profile and heat …

On The Transient Thermal Response Of Thin Vapor Chamber Heat Spreaders: Optimized Design And Fluid Selection, G. Patankar, J. A. Weibel, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Vapor chambers provide highly effective heat spreading to assist in the thermal management of elec- tronic devices. Although there is a significant body of literature on vapor chambers, most prior research has focused on their steady-state response. In many applications, electronic devices generate inherently transient heat loads and, hence, it is critical to understand the transient thermal response of vapor cham- bers. We recently developed a semi-analytical transport model that was used to identify the key mech- anisms that govern the thermal response of vapor chambers to transient heat inputs (Int. J. Heat Mass Trans. 136 (2019) 995–1005). The current …

Droplets On Soft Surfaces Exhibit A Reluctance To Coalesce Due To An Intervening Wetting Ridge, R. Roy, R. L. Seiler, J. A. Weibel, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Microscale interactions with deformable substrates are of fundamental interest for studying self-assembly processes and the mobility of cells on soft surfaces, with applications in traction force microscopy. The behavior of microscale water droplets on a soft polymer substrate is investigated. Droplets formed by condensation on the soft substrate are reluctant to coalesce, which leads to coverage of the surface with clusters of droplets assembled in a honeycomb-like pattern. Cryogenically fixed in this state, scanning electron microscopy of these droplets reveals the presence of an intervening wetting ridge of the polymer that acts as a barrier between neighboring droplets and prevents …

The Role Of Vapor Venting And Liquid Feeding On The Dryout Limit Of Two-Layer Evaporator Wicks, S. Sukhakar, J. A. Weibel, F. Zhou, E. M. Dede, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Vapor chambers developed for high-heat-flux operation require advanced evaporator wick designs that can sustain capillary flow when boiling occurs over the heater region. A two-layer evaporator wick inte- grates a thin base wick layer that is supplied with liquid from a thick cap layer through an array of ver- tical feeding posts distributed over the heated area. This design allows boiling to occur within the thin base layer, while separating the incoming liquid feeding and outgoing vapor venting pathways. In our prior work, boiling in two-layer wicks was experimentally demonstrated to provide high-heat-flux dissi- pation over larger heater areas and …

Thermal Conductivity Of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene: From Fibers To Fabrics, A. A. Candadai, J. A. Weibel, A. M. Marconnet

CTRC Research Publications

Unique combinations of properties such as mechanical compliance and chemical stability make polymers attractive for many applications. However, the intrinsic low thermal conductivity of bulk polymers has generally limited their potential for heat dissipation applications, and in fact they are widely used as thermal insulators. But in recent years, gel-spun, ultraoriented fibers made of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) have sparked interest in the thermal management community due to their exceptionally high thermal conductivity. These fibers are typically used in commercially produced protective gear such as motorcycle jackets and ballistic vests due to their high mechanical strength, but they have …

Community Pharmacists’ And Residents’ Decision Making And Unmet Information Needs When Completing Comprehensive Medication Reviews, Kacie L. Mcpherson, Omolola A. Adeoye-Olatunde, Jayna M. Osborne, William R. Doucette, Stephanie A. Gernant, Heather Jaynes, Shobha Phansalkar, Alissa L. Russ-Jara, Margie E. Snyder

Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications

Objective

To (1) characterize community pharmacists’ and community pharmacy residents’ decision making and unmet information needs when conducting comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs) as part of medication therapy management and (2) explore any differences between community pharmacists and community pharmacy residents in CMR decision making and unmet information needs.

Design

Thirty-to 60-minute semistructured interviews framed using a clinical decision-making model (CDMM) were conducted with community pharmacists and residents.

Setting and participants

Participants were recruited from practice-based research networks and researchers’ professional networks. Eligible participants had completed or supported the completion of at least 2 CMRs in the last 30 days.

Outcome …

Demonstration Of A Compliant Micro-Spring Array As A Thermal Interface Material For Pluggable Optoelectronic Transceiver Modules, J. Cui, L. Pan, J. A. Weibel

CTRC Research Publications

Pluggable optoelectronic transceiver modules are widely used in the fiber-optic communication infrastructure. It is essential to mitigate thermal contact resistance between the highpower optical module and its riding heat sink in order to maintain the required operation temperature. The pluggable nature of the modules requires dry contact thermal interfaces that permit repeated insertion–disconnect cycles under low compression pressures (~10 to 100 kPa). Conventional wet thermal interface materials (TIM), such as greases, or those that require high compression pressures, are not suitable for pluggable operation. Here, we demonstrate the use of compliant microstructured TIM to enhance the thermal contact conductance between …

Non-Linear Non-Iterative Transient Inverse Conjugate Heat Transfer Method Applied To Microelectronics, David Gonzalez Cuadrado, Amy Marconnet, Guillermo Paniagua

CTRC Research Publications

Solving for temperature profiles given boundary conditions, geometry, and material properties is rela- tively straightforward given the wealth of analytical and computational techniques available. However, experimentally we often measure temperatures and seek to understand unknown boundary conditions or material properties. This problem is generally ill-posed. Thus, to get the value of these input param- eters, we use inverse methods: knowing the output of the system ( i.e. , temperature), we can compute the value of the unknown parameters ( e.g. , thermal conductivity or heat fluxes). In microelectronics, the location and magnitude of the boundary conditions including local heat generation …

Pinch-Off Of A Surfactant-Covered Jet, Hansol Wee, Brayden W. Wagoner, Vishrut Garg, Pritish M. Kamat, Osman Basaran

School of Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications

Surfactants at fluid interfaces not only lower and cause gradients in surface tension but can induce additional surface rheological effects in response to dilatational and shear deformations. Surface tension and surface viscosities are both functions of surfactant concentration. Measurement of surface tension and determination of its effects on interfacial flows are now well established. Measurement of surface viscosities, however, is notoriously difficult. Consequently, quantitative characterization of their effects in interfacial flows has proven challenging. One reason behind this difficulty is that, with most existing methods of measurement, it is often impossible to isolate the effects of surface viscous stresses from …