Digital Commons Network^™

Artificial Intelligence In Cybersecurity, Ricardo Gonzalez

American Journal of Rising Scholar Activities

Keeping unsuitable web content from young eyes is a challenge, given the wide-open environment of the internet. Research was conducted into selecting an Artificial Intelligence interface to be used to train and select whether specific images represented explicit material or not. Ten potential vendors were reviewed, and Google Automl Cloud® was selected for training and verification testing. Unfortunately, it was difficult to obtain a sizable enough archive of approved images to complete the originally envisioned training and testing program. A modest-sized image data base was finally secured, and the code was successfully tested with a small data set, even though …

Effect Of Floor Cooling On Sows Under Heat Stress, Javier Flores

American Journal of Rising Scholar Activities

With temperatures increasing steadily throughout the last century, the hog farrowing industry is beginning to confront an ongoing dilemma. Temperatures are now exceeding ideal conditions for optimal milk production, as well as maximum litter size. Temperatures that exceed optimal conditions can lead to significant heat stress among sows. Efficiently cooling-down sows, while keeping piglets at ideal temperatures, is the focus of this project. A cooling pad was built with copper pipes inside a high-density polyethylene board, covered by an aluminum plate. Experimental treatments included cool water flowing through the copper pipes at different levels depending on the specific sow. Intervals …

Data Mining To Save The World, Nicole Huddleston

American Journal of Rising Scholar Activities

Data analysts look for patterns and characteristics in the large sets of data being collected under modern electronic conditions. When unusual circumstances occur, patterns within the data can alert oversight personnel to the incident before other traditional warning signs. This work utilized the standard deviation of single signal outputs for analysis. This data mining application was specifically applied to safety within the nuclear power industry.

Purdue University Students' Perceptions Of Cybersecurity, Ricardo Gonzalez

American Journal of Rising Scholar Activities

An investigation into Purdue University students’ attitudes about cybersecurity was conducted. Students were asked about their thoughts on cybersecurity, cyber-terrorism, and how they protect themselves. The data indicated that students were both aware of cyber-threats and participated in potentially unsafe internet activities. A variety of misconceptions regarding online security exposed, highlighting the need for greater education for college students regarding staying safe during online activities.

Purdue Hog Cooling Pad Experience, Marco Baez

American Journal of Rising Scholar Activities

The demand for food is increasing with the growing population. The pork industry is currently thriving and will continue to prosper as long as sows continue to reproduce. However, the reproduction of pigs is currently facing the problem of heat stress. Environmental temperatures are reaching extremes, and lactating sows produce less milk for offspring when they are in hot weather. The main reason that they produce less is because of undernourishment. Sows eat less when hot, because when they do eat, it actually causes them to heat-up. The goal of the overall cooling pad effort is to reduce the heat …

Ajrsa Inaugural Launch Statement, Bob Stwalley

American Journal of Rising Scholar Activities

No abstract provided.

Student Outcomes From An Interprofessional Health Promotions Project, Patricia Darbishire, Marija Stefanoska, Elizabeth A. Richards, Vicki Simpson

School of Nursing Faculty Publications

Teams of three students from different health-care disciplines, including pharmacy, nursing, applied exercise and health, and nutrition science researched, designed and delivered health promotion education projects to community-based populations. The Interprofessional Health Promotions Project was designed to expose students to the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) Core Competencies (2016) through a collaborative, interprofessional team-based experience. Students learned about, from, and with each other, while gaining and applying new healthcare knowledge. The students’ learning outcomes were derived from and mapped to the IPEC competencies. Students described successes, challenges, new knowledge learned, and perceived benefits to their audiences. The authors used a mixed …

What Governs Attitudes Toward Artifcial Intelligence Adoption And Governance?, Matthew R. O’Shaughnessy, Daniel S. Schiff, Lav R. Varshney, Christopher J. Rozell, Mark A. Davenport

Department of Political Science Faculty Publications

Designing effective and inclusive governance and public communication strategies for artificial intelligence (AI) requires understanding how stakeholders reason about its use and governance. We examine underlying factors and mechanisms that drive attitudes toward the use and governance of AI across six policy-relevant applications using structural equation modeling and surveys of both US adults (N = 3,524) and tech- nology workers enrolled in an online computer science master’s degree program (N = 425). We find that the cultural values of individualism, egalitarianism, general risk aversion, and techno-skepticism are important drivers of AI attitudes. Perceived benefit drives attitudes toward AI use but …

A Key Physical Mechanism That Controls The Sound Absorption Of Aerogel Powders, Hasina Begum, Yutong Xue, J Stuart Bolton, Kirill V. Horoshenkov

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

A key physical mechanism that controls the acoustic absorption and attenuation in a loose, air-satu-rated aerogel granular mix with the grain diameter being in the order of a few microns is not well understood. A particular challenge here is to understand sound propagation in an aerogel powder composed of highly porous, low-density particles with sub-micron pores. Experimental evidence suggest that a relatively thin layer of an aerogel powder can provide a very high narrow band acoustic absorption at relatively low frequencies. This study presents an attempt to explain this physical phenomenon with two well-known analytical models for the acoustical properties …

A General Stable Approach To Modeling And Coupling Multilayered Systems With Various Types Of Layers, Guochenhao Song, Zhuang Mo, J Stuart Bolton

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

In this article, a general method is proposed to model layered systems with two-by-two transfer matrices, and further, to solve for the acoustic absorption, reflection, and transmission coefficients. Since the proposed method uses the matrix representation of various layers and interfaces from the Transfer Matrix Method (TMM), the equation system can be established efficiently. However, the traditional TMM can lose stability when there is a large disparity between the magnitudes of the waves traveling in opposite directions within the layers (i.e., at higher frequencies, for a thick layer, or for extreme parameter values). In such cases, the contribution of the …

Finite Element Modeling Of Force Amplification At The Spindle Due To A Tire’S Cavity Mode: Experimental Verification, Won Hong Choi, Kyosung Choo, J Stuart Bolton

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

Reduction of tire road noise is an important issue when developing luxury cars and electric vehicles. In this context, the air cavity mode is an important source of spindle forces transmitted to the suspension that then increase interior noise levels. When a tire rotates, the cavity mode near 200 Hz splits into two adjacent modes due to a Doppler effect and tire deformation. That split can lead to increased levels of both longitudinal and vertical spindle forces at the spindle since the two acoustic modes each contribute to both forces when the tire rotates. Thus, it is important to develop …

Diesel Engine Noise Source Visualization By Using Compressive Sensing Algorithms, Tongyang Shi, J Stuart Bolton, Frank Eberhardt

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

To identify sound source locations by using Near-field Acoustical Holography (NAH), a large number of microphone measurements is generally required in order to cover the source region and ensure a sufficiently high spatial sampling rate: it may require hundreds of microphones. As a result, such measurements are costly, a fact which has limited the industrial application of NAH to identify sound source locations. However, recently, it has been shown possible to identify concentrated sound sources with a limited number of microphone measurements based on Compressive Sensing theory. In the present work, sound radiation from the front face of a diesel …

The Discovery Of Data-Driven Temporal Dietary Patterns And A Validation Of Their Description Using Energy And Time Cut-Offs, Luotao Lin, Jiaqi Guo, Yitao Li, Saul Gelfand, Edward Delp, Anindya Bhadra, Elizabeth Richards, Erin Hennessy, Heather A. Eicher-Miller

School of Nursing Faculty Publications

Objectives

Data-driven methods were recently applied to create temporal dietary patterns (TDPs) incorporating timing and amount of energy intake over 24-hours; their relationships to obesity were determined. However, description of the data-driven TDPs using energy and time cut-offs were not validated against obesity. Aims were to (1) create data-driven TDPs, describe pattern characteristics using energy and time cut-offs, and determine relationships to BMI and waist circumference (WC); (2) assess the concurrent validity of TDPs derived using the cut-offs by determining relationships with BMI and WC. Methods

Amount and timing of energy intake from the first day 24-hour dietary recall of …

Human Csf Movement Influenced By Vascular Low Frequency Oscillations And Respiration, Vidhya Vijayakrishnan Nair, Brianna R. Kish, Benita Inglis, Ho-Ching Shawn Yang, Adam M. Wright, Yu-Chen Wu, Xiaopeng Zhou, Amy J. Schwichtenberg, Yunjie Tong

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) movement through the pathways within the central nervous system is of high significance for maintaining normal brain health and function. Low frequency hemodynamics and respiration have been shown to drive CSF in humans independently. Here, we hypothesize that CSF movement may be driven simultaneously (and in synchrony) by both mechanisms and study their independent and coupled effects on CSF movement using novel neck fMRI scans. Caudad CSF movement at the fourth ventricle and hemodynamics of the major neck blood vessels (internal carotid arteries and internal jugular veins) was measured from 11 young, healthy volunteers using novel neck …

Exploring Generation Z’S Perceptions Of Green Homes, Bhavya Rathna Kota, Luciana Debs, Taylor Davis

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

In recent years, there has been an increase in environmental awareness in the United States, leading to steady growth in environmentally conscious consumerism. Looking specifically at green home marketing, understanding the consumer behavior of the next generation of homebuyers, Generation Z (GenZ), is important for environmental and business reasons. This study surveyed 116 university students to explore the influence of specific barriers and types of motivation (intrinsic, instrumental, and non-normative) on their perceptions of green homes. Our findings suggest certain barriers have more influence on GenZ consumers than others, with the perceived lack of choice in selecting Green Home Features …

Pallavi Rastogi, Postcolonial Disasters: Narrating Catastrophe In The Twenty-First Century (2020): Review Essay, Sourit Bhattacharya

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

This review essay reads literary-critical works of what is broadly understood as ‘postcolonial disasters’. It outlines how literary critics in the last decades have drawn upon cultural-geographical and anthropological readings of disasters to develop critical frameworks around how literary writers have used style, form, and aesthetics to represent postcolonial catastrophes. It then offers a detailed review of Pallavi Rastogi’s 2020 monograph, Postcolonial Disasters: Narrating Catastrophe in the Twenty-First Century. Through an engaged and critical reading, the essay attends to Rastogi’s insightful theorizing of the topic of ‘Disaster Unconscious’ and her wide-ranging interrogation of fiction from South Asia and Southern …

Incendiary Devices: Imagining E-Waste Frontiers And Africa’S Digital Futures, Treasa De Loughry

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article, “Incendiary Devices: Imagining E-Waste Frontiers and Africa’s Digital Futures,” Treasa De Loughry focuses on different visual responses to e-waste in West Africa, from eco-documentary film and photography responses to the infamous Agbogbloshie e-waste yard in Ghana; to techno-utopian visions of e-waste bricoleurs, and e-waste as a signifier and artefact of the neocolonial nature of the capitalist world-ecology. The first half of this article focuses on Florian Weigensamer and Christian Krönes’ documentary film, Welcome to Sodom (2018), grounding it in critiques of the transmedial influence of the documentary form, while attending to the film’s pyrotechnical “optical regime” (Schoonover). …

Signs Of The Inhuman: Hauntings And Lost Futures In Verónica Gerber Bicecci’S La Compañía, Marcela Romero Rivera

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Current criticism of works of eco fiction maintains that one of the central contributions of this literary genre is a consciousness-raising effect that these works have on their readers by virtue of alluding, with varying degrees of specificity, to real-world environmental problems, implying that this is a central step towards remedying our current planetary climate crisis. This article suggests, conversely, that literary criticism of eco fiction necessitates a more rigorous material analysis—specifically one attentive to class and class antagonism—of these works and their conditions of production to understand their relation to power, as well as their affordances and limitations as …

Returning To The Past To Rethink Socio-Political Antagonisms: Mapping Today’S Situation In Regards To Popular Insurrections, Nicol A. Barria-Asenjo, Slavoj Žižek, Hernán Scholten, David Pavón-Cuellar, Gonzalo Salas, Oscar Ariel Cabeza, Jesús William Huanca Arohuanca, Sergio J. Aguilar Alcalá

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

This article seeks to elaborate a map or cartogram based on a number of protests and social mobilizations that took place in different parts of the world -mainly in Latin America, but also in Europe and Asia. Beyond the data and figures available from various sources, which never speak for themselves, an interpretation is proposed here to reveal the meaning of these events. In other words, by displaying a map of these social movements, the authors propose not only the visualization of a collection of data, but also an illumination of these events in the light of history. From there, …

Necropolitics And Visuality: Remembering ‘Speculative Fictions’ In Hong Kong After Rancière And Mbembe, Anthony Siu

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In his article, “Necropolitics and Visuality: Remembering ‘Speculative Fictions’ in Hong Kong after Rancière and Mbembe,” Anthony Siu examines images from Defiance.Voices, a two-volume collection that gathers photography and art illustrations about the Hong Kong Protests. He studies how paintings from the second volume register politics and events, arguing that visual art can be viewed as a new form of “speculative fictions,” a material ontology that historicizes modes of sovereign violence in postcolony. The introduction situates the debate of aesthetics in Hong Kong, conjoining Rancière’s thinking on “the people” and Achille Mbembe’s philosophy on “necropolitics.” The first cluster of …

Fredric Jameson And Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’S Periodizing The Black Internal Colony, Jeremy Matthew Glick

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In “Fredric Jameson and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’s Periodizing the Black Internal Colony,” Jeremy Matthew Glick reads these authors’ coupling of Black radical struggle with wars of decolonization as engaging against a twenty-first century war on revolutionary memory. This essay examines Jameson’s brief “Maoist Digression” in “Periodizing the Sixties” and discussion of Cuban Revolutionary Foco-theory as “neither in […] nor of it” and Spivak’s planetary turn’s link to Black internal colonialism analysis as a way to talk about the intersections of revolutionary politics and literary form. It concludes with a brief meditation on Amiri Baraka on the centrality of space for …

Beyond ‘Rising Tides’ And ‘Lying Flat’: Emergent Cultural Practices Among Youth In Urban China, Diego Gullotta, Lili Lin

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In their article, “Beyond ‘Rising Tides’ and ‘Lying Flat’: Emergent Cultural Practices Among Youth in Urban China”, Diego Gullotta and Lili Lin examine how Chinese youth are positioned within the dominant culture, how young people appropriate space in their emergent cultural practices, and how they negotiate meaning-making. The article first analyses the rising tides (houlang) video, sponsored jointly by the state and the private sector, and argues that it reduces youth to a homogenous subject inscribed into the discourse of “China’s rise” (zhongguo jueqi) via emotional mobilization. The “lying flat” phenomenon represents young people’s negative response to …

Breadtube Rising: How Modern Creators Use Cultural Formats To Spread Countercultural Ideology, Jj Sylvia Iv, Kyle Moody

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In their article, “BreadTube Rising: How Modern Creators Use Cultural Formats to Spread Countercultural Ideology,” J.J. Sylvia IV and Kyle Moody analyze the rise of BreadTube. Scholars have argued that YouTube’s algorithms lead to greater radicalization (Ribeiro et al.) and bad actors have weaponized algorithms to draw users into conspiracies (boyd, What Hath We Wrought?). This article adds to this by linking these practices to the commodification of social media that spread misinformation as adaptations of socially and rhetorically mediated technologies. It analyzes how the economics of YouTube and other platforms demand that user-generated content fit within paradigms of …

Periodizing The Residuality Of A Composite Protest Art Form: The Case Of Telangana Dhoom Dham, Vamshi Vemireddy, Sasi Kiran R. Mallam

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

The article will document the emergence of the composite art form of “Dhoom Dham” in the state of Telangana, a southern state from India. A mixture of folk song-and-dance routines interspersed with political speeches, Dhoom Dham emerged as a potent form of political protest during the Telangana statehood movement and dominated the cultural imaginary of the movement. It has the characteristics of a residual cultural form as conceptualized by Raymond Williams. Dhoom Dham masterfully combined the elements of folk and repurposed the left protest music traditions to help the cause of the formation of separate state of Telangana. …

Sounding The State Of The World: Interview With Karim Rafi, Summer 2021, Matthew Brauer

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Matthew Brauer interviews Moroccan contemporary artist Karim Rafi about postcolonial creation in the 2020s in "Sounding the State of the World.” Beginning with Rafi’s shift to remote performances during the COVID-19 pandemic, the discussion approaches confinement as just the latest in a series of crises in North Africa and the world. The repeated experience of crisis opens a conversation about the contemporary experience of time, broached in relation to modern Moroccan art history, which emerged from and against the conservative institutions of the French Protectorate (1912-1956). The interview touches on a range of distinctive concerns in Rafi’s art practice, from …

A Case Of Pandemic Narrative And The End Of Post-Cold War, Yongbing Jin, Penghan Zhang

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

The topical book Wuhan Diary, authored by the Chinese writer Fang Fang during the COVID-19 lockdown of Wuhan, is not so much a diary as a “becoming-diary,” given its performative practices. Wuhan Diary’s emphasis on the individual or private nature of its writing activity is attributable to its characteristic realistic conception of authenticity, which resulted historically from the humanist trend within Chinese literature in the 1980s as a significant element of post-socialist realism. Insofar as Wuhan Diary claims an overarching authorship that does not cohere with—or is, indeed, utterly subverted by—its textual complexities, it can be interpreted as …

Biopolitics In The Twenty-First Century: India And The Pandemic, _ Swatie, Rashee Mehra

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Swatie and Rashee Mehra discuss in their "Biopolitics in the Twenty-first Century: India and the Pandemic”, the rise of the biopolitical state in India in the 2020s. The article emphasizes the relevance of Michel Foucault’s work on biopolitics for the pandemic in India. The biopolitical governmentality of the Indian state operates at several levels to politicize ‘life itself’: racism (the notion that sections of the population are disposable), economics (the notion of privatization of care), and the logic of contagion (based on ideas of threat perception and risk). The article engages with biopolitics in the 21st century and looks at …

Confinement, Care, And Commodification In Mati Diop’S In My Room, Brittany Murray

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article, “Confinement, Care, and the Commodification in Mati Diop’s In My Room,” Brittany Murray discusses a short film released in 2020 by the French and Senegalese director, Mati Diop. Shot in the artist’s studio in a Parisian banlieue during mandatory Covid-19 confinement, the film tackles the issues of grief, isolation, and care. The article shows how the film represents these issues, particularly urgent during the pandemic and yet belonging to longstanding concerns about care work and reproductive labor. To mediate between present crisis and a larger historical framework, the article demonstrates how the film’s formal attributes make a …

Kazuo Ishiguro And The Service Economy, Kate Montague

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In her article, “Kazuo Ishiguro and the Service Economy,” Kate Montague argues that Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels enact a poetics of work for the present moment—not just at the level of narrative but also in the kind of language used to describe the service economies his characters are doomed to inhabit. In his best-known novels, a clinical, bureaucratic, and even glorifying lexicon of “donations,” “completions,” “substitutions,” and “lifting” is betrayed by the reality of work grounded in horror. In Ishiguro’s worlds, which are very much our own, the out-sourcing of reproductive and domestic labor is enabled by a larger system in …

Reading The Global City: Crisis, Cognitive Mapping And The “Urban Sensorium” In Tom Mccarthy’S Satin Island And Ben Lerner’S 10:04, Marty Gilroy

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

“What is the role played by the aesthetics and politics of space,” asks Kanishka Goonewardena, “in producing and reproducing the durable disjunction between the consciousness of our urban everyday life […] and the now global structure of social relations that is itself ultimately responsible for producing the spaces of our lived-experience?” (55). Goonewardena’s account of the “urban sensorium” describes the mediatory, ideological role played by space in this “gap,” informing his adaptation of Jameson’s “cognitive mapping” as a hermeneutics of urban experience vis-à-vis totality. This article considers the mediation of these insights as critical aesthetic strategies in two global city …