Digital Commons Network^™

Impact Fatigue Of Valve Steel, M. Svenzon

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

High Efficiency Reciprocating Compressors, D. R. Riffe

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Fatigue And Fracture Mechanics Properties Of Valve Steels, R. Dusil, B. Appell

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Energy Consumption In Hermetic Refrigerator Compressors, R. W. Shaffer, W. D. Lee

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Testing And Material Factors On The Fatigue Strength Of Valve Steel, R. Johansson, G. Persson

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Small Hermetic Compressors, B. Karll

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Attenuation Of Gas Pulsations Using A Perforated Tube, J. Brablik

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

The Process Of Compression And The Action Of Valves In Connection With The Dynamics Of Gas In A Pipe, J. Brablik

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Prediction Of Heat And Mass Transfer During Compression In Reciprocating Compressors, M. S. Chong, H. C. Watson

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

A Computer Controlled System For The Acquisition And Processing Of Experimental Data From Reciprocating Compressors, J.F. T. Maclaren, S. V. Kerr, R. A. Crawford, R.G. Hoare

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Criterions For The Evaluation Of Effectiveness Of The Pressure-Pulsation-Damper, M. Luszczycki

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

An Empirical Method For Designing Discharge And Suction Pipes Of Small Reciprocating Air Compressors, L. Boswirth

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Aftercooler Temperature Balance For Air Compressors In Plant Air Service, S. Nowacki

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Large Gas Reciprocating Compressors In Europe, E. Giacomelli

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Compression Of Gases At Moderate And High Densities, J. S. Yu

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Verifying The Reliability Of Hermetically Sealed Compressors During Design With Special Regard To Wear Resistance, A. Lorenz, D. Rochhausen

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Simulation Of Reciprocating Compressor Including Suction And Discharge Lines By Hybrid Computer, S. Touber, S. W. Brok, H. J. Blankespoor

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Resource Inventory Using Landsat Data For Areawide Water Quality Planning, Roger N. Schecter

LARS Symposia

As part of the national effort to improve water quality, Section 208 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 provides regional planning agencies with the opportunity and funds to conduct areawide water quality management studies. The Triangle J Council of Governments (Triangle J) was the first regional planning agency to receive funds to conduct such a study. Triangle J's 208 work plan focuses on the interrelationships of water quality, land use, and environmental resources with the generation and evaluation of alternatives for solving point and non-point source water quality problems.

Triangle J utilized LANDSAT imagery to provide …

Effects Of Misregistration On Multispectral Recognition, R. C. Cicone, W. A. Malila, J. M. Gleason, R. F. Nalepka

LARS Symposia

Spatial misregistration of multispectral scanner data exists when two (or more) spectral band signals supposedly representing the same location are in fact data values generated from two (or more) overlapping or entirely different ground locations. Misregistration can be found to occur between scanner data channels due to inherent scanner system characteristics and between time periods of multitemporal data due to errors in spatial registration. A study was conducted at the Environmental Research Institute of Michigan to determine what effect these forms of spatial misregistration may have on the accuracy of recognition processing of agriculturally oriented scanner data. A technique was …

The Tasselled Cap -- A Graphic Description Of The Spectral-Temporal Development Of Agricultural Crops As Seen By Landsat, R. J. Kauth, G. S. Thomas

LARS Symposia

The time trajectories of agricultural data points as seen in LANDSAT signal space form a pattern suggestive of a tasselled woolly cap. Using this easily visualized three dimensional construct most of the important phenomena of crop development and observation variables are pointed out, named, discussed and measured. The important crop phenomena described are the distribution of signals from bare soil, the processes of green development, of yellow development, of shadowing and of harvesting. The important external variables include view angle, sun angle, atmospheric haze, and atmospheric water vapor.

The development of a quantitative picture of the tasselled cap depends upon …

Analysis Of Geophysical Remote Sensing Data Using Multivariate Pattern Recognition Techniques, Paul E. Anuta, Hans Hauska, Donald W. Levandowski

LARS Symposia

Multivariate statistical pattern recognition techniques have been widely used in the analysis of multispectral scanner remote sensing data for crop surveys, forest mapping, land use surveys and in many other applications. These applications are restricted basically to surface cover reflectance and emissivity phenomena. In the study described in this paper multivariate analysis techniques were applied to geophysical remote sensing data which measures phenomena occurring beneath the surface of the earth. Three types of geophysical data: magnetic anomaly, induced pulse transient, and gamma ray data were digitized, registered and analyzed to observe relationships to known geology. In addition several types of …

Procams: A Second Generation Multispectral-Multitemporal Data Processing System For Agricultural Mensuration, Jon D. Erickson, Richard F. Nalepka

LARS Symposia

A prototype operational data-processing system has been defined, implemented, and tested by Multispectral Analysis Section personnel of the Environmental Research Institute of Michigan (ERIM). This system has been designed for the classification and mensuration of agricultural crops through the use of data provided by the LANDSAT satellite scanner. The specific crops for which the system was designed are the small grains including wheat, rye, oats, and barley, although the system as designed is not limited to these particular crops.

The processing system, known as PROCAMS (Prototype Classification and Mensuration System), has been built based on the experience gained and to …

Linear Dimensionality Of Landsat Agricultural Data With Implications For Classification, S. G. Wheeler, P. N. Misra, Q. A. Holmes

LARS Symposia

A model for the LANDSAT multispectral scanner data, representing a generalization of the commonly used Gaussian model, has been formulated and analyzed. The model hypothesizes that the data for different crop types essentially lie on distinct hyperplanes in the feature space. Tests of this model reveal that: (1) the agricultural data from any single acquisition (i.e., four-channel) of LANDSAT are essentially two dimensional, regardless of the crop type; and (2) the data from different sites and different stages of crop development all lie on planes which are parallel. These findings have significant implications for data display, classification, feature extraction, and …

Classification By Clustering, Alex Pentland

LARS Symposia

Conventional classification procedures have several difficulties which sometimes limit the usefulness of computer aided analysis techniques on multispectral scanner data. In order to minimize some of these problems, the clustering algorithm used at ERIM (called CLUSTR) was adapted for use as a classifier. Briefly, the technique devised is to cluster the scene, assigning each pixel to a cluster, and then to identify the crop type of the clusters by examining training areas to determine the crop type of pixels assigned to each cluster. In this manner, the classification of each pixel to a particular crop class is accomplished.

Signature Extension Through The Application Of Cluster Matching Algorithms To Determine Appropriate Signature Transformations, Peter F. Lambeck, Daniel P. Rice

LARS Symposia

Signature extension is a process intended to increase the spatial-temporal range over which a set of training statistics can be used to classify data without significant loss of recognition accuracy. The goal of signature extension is to minimize the requirements for collecting ground truth and extracting training statistics, thus reducing the costs and time delays associated with those procedures. Signature extension would then help to provide timely and cost-effective classification over extensive land areas, including remote areas for which ground truth information may not be readily available.

Many current signature extension techniques are based on a transformation of training statistics …

Illinois Crop-Acreage Estimation Experiment, Robert M. Ray, Harold F. Huddleston

LARS Symposia

This paper describes remote-sensing data analysis research conducted collaboratively during the last year by personnel of the Center for Advanced Computation (CAC) of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the Statistical Reporting Service (SRS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The research reported has been undertaken by CAC and SRS to assess the practicalities of existing high-volume earth observations data acquisition, processing, and communication technologies such as LANDSAT, the ILLIAC IV parallel computer, and the ARPA Network as mechanisms for improving the accuracy of USDA annual estimates of agricultural crop acreages for geographic regions corresponding to U.S. states.

Remote Sensing Technology--A Look To The Future, David Landgrebe

LARS Technical Reports

If one is bothered by the possibility of being wrong perhaps one of the most risky things to do is to attempt to predict future directions of technology. However, in these days of extremely limited resources, good planning for development is essential to get the greatest bang for the buck spent on technology development. Such a plan must be based upon some anticipation of the direction that development will go. Thus, one must attempt to project both the potential for and direction of the future development of a technology. It is important to know at any given time what one's …

Kandidats Image Processing System, Robert M. Haralick, Gary J. Minden, Dale R. Johnson, Amrendra Singh, William F. Bryant, Craig A. Paul

LARS Symposia

KANDIDATS is a comprehensive digital image processing system that interacts with the user at a command string level. It includes prompting for parameter input and checks user input for errors. Image analyses available in KANDIDATS consist of utility functions, image transform operations, spatial clustering, and Bayesian classification. The versatility and capabilities of KANDIDATS arise from a modular programming structure and file structure. These attributes allow processing of images that are a few thousand rows by a few thousand columns in a minicomputer system with only 32 K words of main memory.

Selecting Class Weights To Minimize Classification Bias In Acreage Estimation, W. M. Belcher, T. C. Minter

LARS Symposia

Classification of multispectral data by the use of a maximum likelihood classifier is dependent upon knowing in advance a set of prior probabilities. Therefore, the selection of an optimal set of prior probabilities is critical to the estimation of proportions for each class. In the proposed procedure, a function is minimized to yield a set of optimal prior probabilities for a specific data set. Classification results using optimal, actual, and default (equal prior probabilities for each class) values are compared.

Estimation Of The Probability Of Error Without Ground Truth And Known A Priori Probabilities, K. A. Havens, T. C. Minter, S. G. Thadani

LARS Symposia

The probability of error or, alternatively, the probability of correct classification (PCC) is an important criterion in analyzing the performance of a classifier. Labeled samples (those with ground truth) are usually employed to evaluate the performance of a classifier. Occasionally, the numbers of labeled samples are inadequate, or no labeled samples are available to evaluate a classifier's performance; for example, when crop signatures from one area from which ground truth is available are used to classify another area from which no ground truth is available. This paper reports the results of an experiment to estimate the probability of error using …