Digital Commons Network^™

21cleo Research: Paving The Way Forward, Gloria Jacobs, Jill Castek

21CLEO Research Project Blog Posts

The exciting research into the 21st Century Learning Ecosystems Opportunities (21CLEO) project has begun. We have developed our initial set of data collection tools and protocols to examine front-line service workers' perspectives and experiences with employer provided education.

Artificial Intelligence Hits The Barrier Of Meaning, Melanie Mitchell

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Today’s AI systems sorely lack the essence of human intelligence: Understanding the situations we experience, being able to grasp their meaning. The lack of humanlike understanding in machines is underscored by recent studies demonstrating lack of robustness of state-of-the-art deep-learning systems. Deeper networks and larger datasets alone are not likely to unlock AI’s “barrier of meaning”; instead the field will need to embrace its original roots as an interdisciplinary science of intelligence.

Effects Of Phonomotor Treatment On Discourse Production, Joann P. Silkes, Gerasimos Fergadiotis, Rebecca Hunting Pompon, Janaki Torrence, Diane L. Kendall

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Aphasia is an acquired language disorder that makes it difficult for people to produce and comprehend language, with all people with aphasia (PWA) demonstrating difficulty accessing and selecting words (anomia). While aphasia treatments typically focus on a single aspect of language, such as word retrieval, the ultimate goal of aphasia therapy is to improve communication, which is best seen at the level of discourse.

Aims: This retrospective study investigated the effects of one effective anomia therapy, Phonomotor Treatment (PMT), on discourse production.

Methods & Procedures: Twenty-six PWA participated in 60 h of PMT, which focuses on …

Introducing The 21cleo Project, 21cleo Research Team

21CLEO Research Project Blog Posts

21CLEO Research Blog Post No.01

Building A Culture Of Inquiry: 1st Century Learningecosystem Opportunities Project, 21cleo Research Team

21CLEO Research Project Blog Posts

21CLEO Research Blog Post No.02

Rapid Serial Visual Presentation Interacts With Ambiguity During Sentence Comprehension, Sarah Key-Delyria, Todd Bodner, Lori J. P. Altmann

Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Conventional opinion about using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) for examining sentence comprehension maintains that RSVP taxes working memory (WM), which probably affects sentence processing. However, most RSVP studies only infer the involvement of WM. Other cognitive resources, such as cognitive control or vocabulary may also impact sentence comprehension and interact with RSVP. Further, sentence ambiguity is predicted to interact with RSVP and cognitive resources to impact sentence comprehension. To test these relationships, participants read ambiguous and unambiguous sentences using RSVP and Whole-Sentence presentation, followed by comprehension questions that were targeted to the ambiguous region of the sentences. Presentation type …

The Use Of Generic Avoidant Coping Scales For Psychosocial Adaptation To Chronic Illness And Disability: A Systematic Review, Hanoch Livneh

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This systematic review examined the validity of generic coping-with-stress measures in the relationships between avoidance-type coping and psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability. Major data bases were searched for studies on the association between avoidance-type coping and psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability. Findings indicated that reliance upon avoidance-type coping is linked to reports of poorer psychosocial adaptation. The veracity of these findings must be treated cautiously owing to conceptual, structural, psychometric, and other issues. Users of generic coping measures should consider these concerns prior to empirically investigating the link between generic avoidance-type coping measures and psychosocial adaptation …

El Arte Sinestético En La Obra De Isabel Coixet, Eva NúÑEz-MéNdez

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

Entre las directoras españolas más internacionales se destaca Coixet. Sus largometrajes, spots publicitarios, documentales y cortos evidencian un arte cinematográfico que apuesta por destacar la esencia universal del individuo en un marco deconstructivo sin contextos nacionales ni parámetros temporales. Los títulos y textos de sus obras nos hacen reflexionar en el poder de la imagen como vehículo artístico de compromiso social y visual. Ver sus creaciones es una sinestesia: el discurso fílmico conmueve más allá del plano visual-auditivo, haciendo que la imagen despierte sentidos como el gusto, el tacto y el olfato. Esta ponencia se centrará en decodificar su trayectoria …

To Copy, To Impress, To Distribute: The Start Of European Printing, Bennett Gilbert

University Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

In order to distribute our thoughts and feelings, we must make intelligible and distributable copies of them. From approximately 1375 to 1450, certain Europeans started fully mechanized replication of texts and images, based on predecessor “smaller” technologies. What they started became the most powerful means for the distribution, storage, and retrieval of knowledge in history, up until the invention of digital means. We have scant information about the initiation of print technologies in the period up to Gutenberg, and the picture of Gutenberg that we have has become a great deal more complicated than hitherto. There has not been, however, …

Raven’S Work In Tlingit Ethno-Geography, Thomas F. Thornton, Douglas Deur, Bert Adams

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

This is a chapter in Language and Toponymy in Alaska and Beyond: Papers in Honor of James Kari.

Book description:
It is difficult to imagine place names research in Alaska without the work of James Kari. Through his tireless field work and advocacy, Dr. Kari has collaborated with speakers of all of Alaska’s Dene languages to help build a comprehensive record of Dene geographic knowledge. When Jim came to Alaska in 1972, the documentation of Dene languages was fragmentary at best, and the only records of Native place names were those found inaccurately spelled on maps and gazetteers. Now …

A Study Of Early Career Teachers' Practices Related To Language And Language Diversity During Mathematics Instruction, Erin Turner, Amy Roth Mcduffie, Amanda Sugimoto, Julia Aguirre, Tonya Gau Bartell, Corey Drake, Mary Foote, Kathleen Stoehr, Angela Witters

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

The role of language in mathematics teaching and learning is increasingly highlighted by standards and reform movements in the US. However, little is known about teachers’, and especially early career teachers’ (ECTs) practices and understandings related to language in mathematics instruction. This multiple case study explored the language-related understandings and practices of six ECTs in diverse elementary classrooms. Using iterative cycles of analysis, we found that all ECTs regularly attended to students’ mathematical vocabulary use and development. Yet, there was variability in ECTs’ focus on how to teach mathematical vocabulary, expectations for students’ precise use of mathematical terminology, and the …

We Would If We Could: Examining Culturally Responsive Teaching Self-Efficacy In A Middle School Mathematics Methods Course, Jamaal R. Young, Jemimah L. Young, Brandon L. Fox, Earl R. Levingston Jr., Alana Tholen

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

Despite mounting evidence of the pedagogical importance of culturally responsive teaching, many teachers do not implement culturally responsive practices in their classrooms. The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-service mathematics teachers’ culturally responsive teaching and outcome expectancy in order to inform teacher preparation in mathematics methods courses. Participants completed the Culturally Responsive Teaching Self-efficacy Scale (CRTSE) and the Culturally Response Teaching Outcome Expectancy (CRTOE) Scale. Results suggest that middle school mathematics teachers were only moderately efficacious in their ability to implement culturally responsive teaching practices, despite strong beliefs in the instructional utility of culturally responsive teaching practices.

Assessment In Special Education Teacher Preparation: An Examination Of Practices, Michelle Simmons, Laurie A. Sharp

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

There have been significant changes in special education and assessment over the past four decades. These changes have affected how university-based educator preparation programs train preservice special educators to address assessment in their professional practices to ensure that they enter classrooms with specialized assessment expertise and practice aligned with the Council for Exceptional Children’s preparation standards. This study identified specific preparation practices that special education teacher educators use with their candidates to develop understandings of assessment. Qualitative data were analyzed using a dual-level systematic coding scheme; findings revealed strengths in teacher training and highlighted opportunities for growth. Implications for special …

Exploring Narratives And Concerns: Applied Linguistics In Homelessness Research, Wendy Nuttelman

Homelessness Research & Action Collaborative Publications and Presentations

Understanding and addressing problematic narratives surrounding homelessness is one of the primary objectives of the Homelessness Research and Action Collaborative. We began to do this by mapping out different stakeholders and identifying texts such as social media posts, policy documents, and local news articles which reflect the language used by various groups to discuss and promote their concerns and beliefs about homelessness. Over 11,000 reports were analyzed.

Building The Case For Culturally Specific P-3 Strategies In Oregon: Listening To Voices From The Field, Callie H. Lambarth, Amanda Cross-Hemmer, Lorelei Mitchell, Beth L. Green, Kate Normand

Early Childhood

Oregon’s early learning and K-12 systems require transformative changes to address racial disparities in school readiness and success. Prenatal-through-Grade-3 (P-3) initiatives are an innovative way to align, strengthen and expand supports for this goal.

Culturally specific organizations (CSOs) are uniquely poised and expertly prepared to meet the needs of communities of color while helping Oregon achieve its goals for reducing disparities in kinder­garten readiness and other educational outcomes.

The proposed Early Childhood Equity Fund, which is included in the governor’s recommended 2019 budget, would move Oregon closer to eliminating the opportunity gap in kindergarten readiness and school success by investing …

Deploying Natural Language Processing To Extract Key Product Features Of Crowdfunding Campaigns: The Case Of 3d Printing Technologies On Kickstarter, Nina Chaichi, Tim R. Anderson

Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the technology management field, informal source of information such as social media has been used for technology mining, leader user detection, and etc. However, usually unstructured nature of the informal information introduces some challenges. This study is part of an effort to automate key product features extraction from crowdfunding campaign's textual information, in order to analyze the effect of them on the decision-making process of crowdfunding backers. This paper intends to evaluate the performance of UDPipe R package and six keyword extraction techniques on candidate features selection from textual data of 3D printer campaigns on Kickstarter. In the end, …

How Much Do Emotional, Behavioral, And Cognitive Factors Actually Impact College Student Attitudes Towards English Language Learning? A Quantitative And Qualitative Study, Xin Zuo, Regina D. Weaver, Julia Macrae, Limin Wang

Intensive English Language Program Faculty Publications and Presentations

Researchers have proposed many multidimensional frameworks to identify significant and potential factors, e.g., educational background, positive feelings and career aspirations, that impact English learning attitude in second language acquisition. Yet, there is still very little research to graphically describe the interactions between these factors and how these factors directly or indirectly impact learning attitude. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted in Changchun University of Technology. Statistical measures and Bayesian network analysis were introduced to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the collected data. Furthermore, the significant attitudinal differences between students majoring in the Liberal Arts or Sciences were investigated for …

Research Ethics In Legal Writing: Challenges For Empirical Research, Alissa J. Hartig

Applied Linguistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The conference program for the 2018 LWI Biennial Conference provided evidence of a growing interest in empirical research in legal writing. Ann Nowak’s presentation, based on the article for which she received the Deborah Hecht Memorial Writing Award, and a panel by Shaun Spencer, Kenneth Chestek, Brian Larson, and Lance Long were just two out of a number of sessions devoted to such studies. Empirical research can come in many forms: while some scholars draw on publicly available documents, others conduct research that involves the participation of individuals who have been specifically recruited to help answer research questions. While both …

Reside Vancouver: An Anti-Displacement Plan, Jihyeon Kim, Malia Knapp-Rossi, Jeff Lance, Joseph Meyers, Aster Moulton, Tay Stone

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

Thread Community Planning is a group of six PSU graduate students commissioned by the City of Vancouver, WA to create an anti-displacement plan (Reside Vancouver). With significant public investments on the horizon, Reside Vancouver identifies areas within Vancouver with high concentrations of residents vulnerable to displacement, and recommends equitable, community-informed strategies the City can employ to help mitigate displacement now and in the future.

The public brochure is available in the Additional Files below.

Pdxscholar Annual Report 2018, Karen Bjork, Sherry Buchanan, David Coate, Bertrand Robinson, Stacey Schlatter

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

This report details the eighth year of operation for PDXScholar, Portland State University's institutional repository, as well as the growth of Portland State University Library's publishing services. The report covers the period between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018.

Investigating Metrical Context Effects On Anticipatory Coarticulation In Connected Speech Development, Jillian Adkins, Christina Gildersleeve-Neumann, Melissa A. Redford

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

If rhythm acquisition is influenced by the development of articulatory timing, then metrical structure might be expected to condition this timing. This study tested this hypothesis by investigating anticipatory effects of an upcoming noun on the production of a preceding determiner, under the assumption that anticipatory coarticulation indexes chunking. Simple S-V-O sentences were elicited from 5-year-olds, 8-year-olds, and adults. The V was either monosyllabic packed or disyllabic patted. The O was a determiner phrase where nouns varied either in onset place-of-articulation (POA; tack vs. cat) or in their rhymes (tack vs. toot). Acoustic analyses of determiner schwa F1 and F2 …

Exploring The Extent Of The Hikikomori Phenomenon On Twitter: Mixed Methods Study Of Western Language Tweets, Pereira-Sanchez, Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon, Angel Asunsolo Del Barco, Melchor Alvarez-Mon, Alan R. Teo

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Hikikomori is a severe form of social withdrawal, originally described in Japan but recently reported in other countries. Debate exists as to what extent hikikomori is viewed as a problem outside of the Japanese context. Objective: We aimed to explore perceptions about hikikomori outside Japan by analyzing Western language content from the popular social media platform, Twitter. Methods: We conducted a mixed methods analysis of all publicly available tweets using the hashtag #hikikomori between February 1 and August 16, 2018, in 5 Western languages (Catalan, English, French, Italian, and Spanish). Tweets were first classified as to whether they described …

Supporting Clinical Practice Through Rehearsals, Lubna Javeed

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

Rehearsing is a form of pedagogy in teacher education to prepare pre-service teachers with instructional practices before live enactments in a classroom. This qualitative study used grounded theory to explore how rehearsals impacted five elementary literacy courses in a university teacher education program. Data comprised of prolonged observations, video recordings of rehearsals, and surveys. The process of coding and re-coding resulted in findings that reflect rehearsing provided Teacher Candidates with confidence with lesson presentation, improved understanding of literacy content, and understand how to make in-the-moment instructional decisions.

Field Experiences In Literacy Teacher Preparation: A Snapshot Of Current Practices, Laurie A. Sharp, Rebekah Piper, Roberta D. Raymond

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

This qualitative study used social constructivism as a theoretical lens to examine ways in which literacy teacher educators incorporate field experiences during literacy coursework. A cross-sectional survey was distributed among literacy teacher educators affiliated with teacher preparation programs located in a single Southern state. Responses related to field experiences were retrieved from 42 surveys and analyzed with two cycles of coding. Findings indicated that preservice teachers completed a range of field experiences prior to student teaching that involved observing literacy instruction and leading literacy instruction with individual students and small groups of students. Incongruences between reported field experiences and recommendations …

In Search Of The Iraqi Other: Iraqi Fiction In Diaspora And The Discursive Reenactment Of Ethno-Religious Identities, Yasmeen S. Hanoosh

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

In Iraqi fiction, the prerogative to narrate the experience of marginal identities, particularly ethno-religious ones, appeared only in the post-occupation era. Traditionally, secular Iraqi discourse struggled to openly address “sectarianism” due to the prevalent notion that sectarian identities are mutually exclusive and oppositional to national identity. It is distinctly in post-2003 Iraq—more precisely, since the sectarian violence of 2006–2007 began to cut across class, civil society, and urban identities—that works which consciously refuse to depict normative Iraqi identities with their mainstream formulations became noticeable. We witness this development first in the Western diaspora, where Iraqi novels exhibit a fascination with …

Aproximación Léxica A Algunos Arabismos Del Castellano Del Siglo Xvi En El Caso Inquisitorial De Lucrecia De León (Lexical Approaches To Some 16th-Century Castilian Arabisms In The Inquisition Case Of Lucrecia De León), Eva NúÑEz-MéNdez

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

Based on Lucrecia de León’s oneiric records, this study focuses on a series of Arabisms in the Inquisition manuscripts of her persecution and imprisonment. The written documents of this young woman’s dreams, collected and conserved by scribes and inquisitors at the end of the sixteenth century, comprises 415 narrative fragments, dated between 1587 and 1590. The main goal of this article is to analyze three Arabisms, alcabala, ataifor, and búcaro, as examples of the Arabic influence on the Castillian vocabulary of the time. Besides the sociolinguistic analysis of these three words, we present this woman as representative of her gender …

Education And The Economy: The Rising Private Sector’S Effect On University Enrollment And Post-Graduation Employment In Contemporary Cuba, Adriane Bolliger

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

During Cuba’s Socialist Revolution of the 1960s, the education system was restructured to train and prepare citizens as part of the subsidized state-owned universal education model. In a centrally-planned system like Cuba’s, the state determines the needs of the economy and provides corresponding funding for associated educational and vocational training programs. Students who graduate from these programs transition into government jobs with modest stipends to support the state. Fidel Castro envisioned this system as the solution to Cuba’s instability based on full employment and prosperity for the public and for the state.

Change came in 2008 when presidential power was …

A Multicultural Approach To Digital Information Literacy Skills Evaluation In An Israeli College, Efrat Pieterse, Riki Greenberg, Zahava Santo

Communications in Information Literacy

Information literacy is an essential proficiency for success in academic studies, yet many first-year students find it hard to use information sources efficiently and to develop academic information literacy. This study reports findings from first-year students' self-estimation of their information skills according to two information literacy models (Shapiro & Hughes, 1996; Ng, 2012) and presents interesting insights on the differences between the multicultural and multilingual student groups in the study’s population. The researchers found that Hebrew-native speaking students preferred digital sources while Hebrew as second language (Arabic-speaking) students preferred printed sources, and both groups ranked their technological and information literacy …

The Interplay Between Early Childhood Education And Mental Health: How Students In An In-Service Early Childhood Teacher Education Program Experience Children With Mental Health And Behavioral Challenges In The Classroom, Katie Statman-Weil

Dissertations and Theses

All early childhood educators who work with children between birth and six years of age are likely to encounter young children who experience behavioral and mental health challenges throughout their careers. Research demonstrates that educators can play a vital role in children's mental health and behavioral development. However, often early childhood educators do not believe they have the knowledge or tools to accurately identify and successfully handle the unique challenges that arise when working with children with behavioral and mental health issues.

Using an Anti-Oppressive Framework, this research study explores, through a qualitative case study design, how students in an …

Representations Of Immigrants In Young Adult Literature, Frances Augusta Ramos Verbruggen

Dissertations and Theses

This study was conducted to determine how immigrants and the immigration experience are represented in current young adult (YA) literature. In the study, I asked the following questions: Who are the immigrant characters in recent YA books? Why do they come? How do they experience immigration? How are they perceived or treated by others? A content analysis methodology was used to examine, from a critical literacy viewpoint, recent young adult novels with immigration themes. Data were analyzed by identifying and interpreting patterns in themes across 22 YA novels with immigrant protagonists or other important characters, published between 2013 and 2017. …