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It's Happening At State: January 31, 2013
It's Happening At State: January 31, 2013
It's Happening at State
Provides summary information of news and events of interest to the faculty and staff of NDSU.
Effects On Plantarflexor Strength, Calf Girth, And Dorsiflexion Range Of Motion When Static Stretching Is Implemented During Two Weeks Of Immobilization, Samantha Jean Narveson
Effects On Plantarflexor Strength, Calf Girth, And Dorsiflexion Range Of Motion When Static Stretching Is Implemented During Two Weeks Of Immobilization, Samantha Jean Narveson
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
This study examined the effects of chronic static stretching on dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), calf strength, and calf girth when immobilized for two weeks. Thirty-six North Dakota State University students participated in this study and were divided into one of three groups: control group (CG), experimental group (EG), and experimental stretching group (ESG). All participants completed a pre-test of calf girth, strength, and dorsiflexion ROM. After the pretest, both experimental groups wore an immobilizer for two weeks. In addition, the ESG stretched for 10 minutes, twice daily. Data analysis indicated significant differences were found between groups for post-test measures …
Therapeutic Ultrasound: The Effectiveness Of Ultrasound And The Importance Of Parameter Settings, Marika Londeen
Therapeutic Ultrasound: The Effectiveness Of Ultrasound And The Importance Of Parameter Settings, Marika Londeen
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
Therapeutic ultrasound can be an important modality for clinician's use to heat tissue. Previous research has concluded that therapeutic ultrasound treatments may be ineffective. There are several options for parameters depending on type of treatment and desired goal. The purpose of this study was to determine if specific parameters for a specific desired treatment goal were correct. The parameters included 1.0 and 3.0 megahertz frequencies of continuous ultrasound treatment on 20 subjects. Tissue temperature was measured with thermocouples in the calf. Data analysis consisted of running a one way repeated measures ANOVA to compare sample means as well as running …
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Neuromuscular Training Protocol Of The Core And Hip Musculature: Effects On Female Athletes' Landing Mechanics, Charley John Young
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Neuromuscular Training Protocol Of The Core And Hip Musculature: Effects On Female Athletes' Landing Mechanics, Charley John Young
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
Landing is a dynamic activity and considered one of the leading causes of noncontact ACL injuries. Poor biomechanics during dynamic activity resulting from neuromuscular imbalances may contribute to ACL injury. The purpose of this study was to determine if a trunk and hip neuromuscular training program for female high school athletes facilitates neuromuscular changes during landing mechanics. Participants were assessed using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) after a drop box jump, pre-test, mid-test, and post-test. A high LESS score indicates poor landing mechanics. Additionally, participants filled out a survey regarding their perceptions of neuromuscular changes and their landing mechanics. …
Plasma And Electrolyte Changes In Humans Following Ingestion Of Multiple Boluses Of Pickle Juice Associated With Exercise, Michael Anthony Mckenney
Plasma And Electrolyte Changes In Humans Following Ingestion Of Multiple Boluses Of Pickle Juice Associated With Exercise, Michael Anthony Mckenney
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
No experimental research has examined the effect of drinking multiple boluses of pickle juice (PJ) on the same day, nor has its ingestion been examined during exercise. Additionally there are fears that PJ supplementation can cause hyperkalemia. We determined the effect of ingesting single or multiple boluses of PJ on plasma variables before, during, and after exercise. On three days, subjects ingested 0, 1, or 2 boluses of PJ and biked vigorously for 60 minutes. Blood samples were collected pre-ingestion and 30, 65, 95, and 125 minutes post ingestion. The number of PJ boluses consumed did not affect [Na+]p, [K+]p, …
Kinematic, Neuromuscular, And Performance Changes Due To Overspeed Training For Ice Hockey, Phillip Michael Faught
Kinematic, Neuromuscular, And Performance Changes Due To Overspeed Training For Ice Hockey, Phillip Michael Faught
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
Athletes, coaches, and strength and conditioning practitioners are constantly searching for new and improved speed training methods give themselves or their athletes an edge over their competition. Overspeed training is not a new technique of speed training; however changes and developments over the past decade have created many new methods to train at supramaximal speed. Choosing the appropriate method or methods of overspeed training is important for the training to have the desired performance improvements. High speed running and skating treadmills, tow-assisted running and skating, as well as downhill running are some of the most common methods of overspeed training. …
A Deeper Understanding Of Female Athlete Body Image, Jeney Anne Christensen
A Deeper Understanding Of Female Athlete Body Image, Jeney Anne Christensen
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of how body image can impact the self-esteem and confidence of female athletes. As the media and public image of professional female athletes becomes increasingly more sexualized, the pressure continues to rise for youth and collegiate female athletes to not only to excel at the sports they participate in, but also be what society deems attractive. These demands lead to harmful behaviors such as disordered eating, over-exercising, and certain drug abuse which, in turn, can result in serious health issues or even death. Continuous study and exploration of female …
Evaluation Of Osteoporosis Educational Interventions On Knowledge, Health Beliefs, Self-Efficacy, Dietary Calcium And Vitamin D Intakes, Alexa Evenson
Evaluation Of Osteoporosis Educational Interventions On Knowledge, Health Beliefs, Self-Efficacy, Dietary Calcium And Vitamin D Intakes, Alexa Evenson
Human Development and Family Science
Osteoporosis is a serious public health issue, which is growing in significance because of our aging population. It is estimated that 34 million individuals in the United States are at risk for osteoporosis. Education may be key to increasing preventative behaviors in younger adults to help prevent osteoporosis in later life. One purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of three revised scales, which were revised to include vitamin D related items: Osteoporosis Knowledge Test -D, Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale-D, and the Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale-D. These revised scales were then used to determine the effects of …
Impact Of A Wellness Coaching Program On Bariatric Surgery Candidates Following Weight Loss, Anita Marie Gust
Impact Of A Wellness Coaching Program On Bariatric Surgery Candidates Following Weight Loss, Anita Marie Gust
Human Development and Family Science
A lifestyle approach toward weight loss, encompassing behavior modification strategies, education, and new coping skills may be most effective in adoption of the healthy behaviors necessary for achievement and maintenance of successful weight loss. Limited research exists on the effectiveness of pre-surgery wellness programs on post-surgical health behaviors for bariatric surgery candidates. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a pre-bariatric surgery wellness coaching program on health behaviors, quality of life (HRQoL), and psychosocial factors.A questionnaire containing measures of weight (self-report), dietary and physical activity (PA) (7-day IPAQ-short) behaviors, exercise motivation (BREQ-2), HRQoL (SF-12v2), and open-ended …
Assessing Microbial Stability And Quality Of Green Beans Using Various Home Canning Methods, Jenny Kuchynski
Assessing Microbial Stability And Quality Of Green Beans Using Various Home Canning Methods, Jenny Kuchynski
Food Safety
Today many consumers follow processing methods recommended either from family members or the internet, which they interpret as being safe. Processing temperature profiles, survival of B. stearothermophilus spores, texture, and color of green beans processed under four home canning methods were assessed. The products were processed using pressure, boiling water bath, steam, or oven canning methods. Pressure canning produced the greatest microbial reductions but this method resulted in the lowest bean quality. The boiling water bath, steam, and oven canning were found to be less safe because the product temperature never achieved 100°C and the resulting microbial counts, >1.7 log …
Synthesis And Antioxidant, Anticancer, And Antimicrobial Activities Of Palmityl Ester Derivative Of Carnosic Acid, Asharani Prasad
Synthesis And Antioxidant, Anticancer, And Antimicrobial Activities Of Palmityl Ester Derivative Of Carnosic Acid, Asharani Prasad
Food Safety
Carnosic acid (CA) along with carnosol (CAR) is the strongest phenolic diterpene antioxidants (PDAs) present in rosemary plant. However, CA has low antioxidant activity in emulsion-type food system due to its polar nature. The identification and characterization of the anticancer and antimicrobial properties of natural products and their semisynthetic derivative such as that of CA and CAR have received significant interest over the years. The goals of this research were to synthesize lipophilic palmityl derivative (PE) of CA and study its antioxidant activity in bulk and emulsified corn oil. Anticancer properties against CCRF-CEM, K-562 and P388D1 leukemia cell lines and …
Prebiotics In Lentil (Lens Culinaris L.), Casey Ray Johnson
Prebiotics In Lentil (Lens Culinaris L.), Casey Ray Johnson
Cereal Science
Prebiotic carbohydrates are an important component of healthy diet. The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the concentrations of prebiotic carbohydrates in different lentil genotypes and growing locations and (2) to compare the concentrations of prebiotic carbohydrates in lentil under various processing and preparation procedures. Mean concentrations of prebiotics in lentil genotypes were as follows: raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO) (raffinose + stachyose, 2509 mg; verbascose, 1562 mg), fructo-oligosaccharides (nystose, 62 mg), sugar alcohols (sorbitol, 1220 mg; mannitol, 203 mg), and resistant starch (RS), 7.5 g 100 g-1. Modest RFO concentration reductions were observed with cooking, cooling, and reheating. Mean …
Effects Of Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles Supplementation To Yearling Heifers Grazing Northern Great Plains Rangeland: Impacts On Subsequent Feedlot Performance And Meat Quality, Quynn Larson
Animal Sciences
Eighty two yearling heifers (319.5 ± 1.03 kg) were utilized in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) supplementation on animal performance while grazing on rangeland of the Northern Great Plains; and subsequent feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality traits. Treatments were 1) 0% DDGS supplementation (CONT) or 2) 0.6% of BW DDGS supplementation (SUP). Heifers received treatments for 70 d while grazing then acclimated to and fed a common corn based finishing diet for 109 d. Carcass characteristics were assessed by trained personnel, and strip loins were transported back to …
The Role Of Maternal Protein Intake During Late Gestation On Placental Vascular Function, Leslie Ann Lekatz
The Role Of Maternal Protein Intake During Late Gestation On Placental Vascular Function, Leslie Ann Lekatz
Animal Sciences
Global nutrient restriction or excess can influence umbilical hemodynamics in sheep fetuses (Chapter 2). We hypothesized that a specific component of the diet, namely maternal metabolizable protein (MP), would alter placental function. When MP restriction during late gestation occurs, we hypothesized that there would be a decrease in the sensitivity to bradykinin (BK) of the placental vascular arteries. In experiment 1, ewes received one of three isocaloric dietary treatments during late gestation: MP60: 60% of MP requirements; MP80: 80% of MP requirements; and MP100: 100% of the MP requirements on a dry matter basis from day 100 to 130 of …
Effects Of Environmental Estrogens On The Growth Hormone-Insulin-Like Growth Factor System In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Andrea M. Hanson
Effects Of Environmental Estrogens On The Growth Hormone-Insulin-Like Growth Factor System In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Andrea M. Hanson
Cellular and Molecular Biology
The increasing production, use, and disposal of an expanding array of chemicals that enter the environment pose a serious threat to terrestrial and aquatic animals, as well as to humans. Fish in aquatic habitats are exposed to increasing concentrations of environmental contaminants, including environmental estrogens (EE). In this work, rainbow trout were used to assess the effects of EE on the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system, specifically focusing on osmoregulation, organismal growth, and growth at the molecular level. Juvenile trout were exposed to varying concentrations of 17â-estradiol (E2), â-sitosterol (âS), and 4-n-nonylphenol (NP) in vivo and in vitro. …
Identification Of Novel Rpa-Protein Interactions Using The Yeast Two Hybrid Assay And Identification Of Regions Important For Interaction Between Rpa And Rad24, Gunjan Piya
Chemistry and Biochemistry
Replication Protein A (RPA) [Replication Factor A (RFA) in yeast] is an ssDNA binding protein composed of Rpa1, Rpa2, and Rpa3 and involved in numerous DNA processing pathways such as Replication, Recombination, and Repair. It participates in such diverse pathways by its ability to interact with numerous proteins. The goal of my project was to find novel RPA-protein interactions using the yeast two hybrid assay. Using this method, we identified several known and unknown proteins that interact with Rfa1 and showed that these interactions were dependent on the phosphorylation state of Rfa2. Next, we determine the region important for interaction …
Effect Of Larval Diet On Endogenous Carbon Reproductive Resources Of Fifth Instars And Adult Females Of The Moth, Heliothis Virescens, Smita Dutta Suman
Effect Of Larval Diet On Endogenous Carbon Reproductive Resources Of Fifth Instars And Adult Females Of The Moth, Heliothis Virescens, Smita Dutta Suman
Entomology
Mostly adult Lepidoptera feed on plant nectar. That is, adults can only contribute to carbon, and not nitrogen, acquisition. The moth Heliothis virescens were used to explore the hypothesis that larval nutrition influences various adult carbon pools and that these, in turn, may affect pheromone production quantitatively. H. virescens larvae were reared on diets differing in carbohydrate, fat or protein content and resulting 5 th instars and adults were analyzed for carbon pools, hemolymph trehalose concentration (HTC) and lipid content. Across all the diet treatments, changes in carbohydrate content affected carbon pool the most. In particular, for insects reared on …
Explaining Adolescent Behavior Intention To Consume Fast Food Using The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Julie Lynn Fudge
Explaining Adolescent Behavior Intention To Consume Fast Food Using The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Julie Lynn Fudge
Communication
This study tested the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain adolescent fast-food consumption among 349 high school adolescents. Subjective norms were further investigated to identify how parents and friends influenced adolescent fast-food consumption. Study participants completed a paper-based questionnaire measuring adolescent attitude, subjective norms for parents and friends, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention. Path analysis revealed that TPB explained adolescent fast-food behavioral intention to consume fast food. The model identified parent subjective norms had the strongest relationship with adolescent behavioral intention to consume fast food. Parent norms differed across age and grade in high school. …
Studies In Pathogenesis Of A Novel Isolate Of Cronobacter Sakazakii Using An In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model, Elliott Weston Welker
Studies In Pathogenesis Of A Novel Isolate Of Cronobacter Sakazakii Using An In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model, Elliott Weston Welker
Microbiological Sciences
Genus Cronobacter is a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae consisting of several opportunistic species. The primary focus of this study was to utilize an in vitro co-culture model of the blood brain barrier to investigate a bovine fecal strain of C. sakazakii to investigate pathogenicity. The strain was found to have the same effect on the barrier’s integrity as the positive Escherichia coli control. Additionally, C. sakazakii strain BAA-894 was found to have the same effect as the negative E. coli control. This study also focused on the development of a site-specific mutagenesis procedure for C. sakazakii. A procedure using …
Food Away From Home Consumption In Urban China: Household Composition And Dining Location Effects, Haiyan Liu
Food Away From Home Consumption In Urban China: Household Composition And Dining Location Effects, Haiyan Liu
Agribusiness and Applied Economics
China has experienced dramatic changes in food industry in the last three decades, with demographics changed substantially as well. Households are becoming smaller and are expected to age soon. Overweight and obesity have become serious problems at all ages and are worsening rapidly. All these demographic changes are closely related to food consumption and are going to play a vital role on the future of food industry, especially Food-away-from-home (FAFH) consumption. This study intends to analyze food away from home consumption in urban China with respect to household composition and income first, and then examine the influences of dining location …
Adolescent Food Consumption In Urban China: Factors Influencing Bmi And School Meals, Carl Allen Anfinson
Adolescent Food Consumption In Urban China: Factors Influencing Bmi And School Meals, Carl Allen Anfinson
Agribusiness and Applied Economics
China’s food consumption patterns are changing as the population becomes wealthier and more urban. As the country ages, today’s adolescents will be tomorrow’s consumers. Few studies have focused on this important demographic. This study intended to investigate what might be influencing adolescent BMI by examining what adolescents are eating at home and away from home along with socioeconomic factors. An increase in a mother’s education was found to have a positive influence on BMI. Another section focuses on what adolescents consume at school compared to at home and also examines their parent’s perception of these school meals by developing an …
Supplementing Metabolizable Protein To Ewes During Late Gestation: Effects On Ewe And Offspring Performance, Megan Van Emon
Supplementing Metabolizable Protein To Ewes During Late Gestation: Effects On Ewe And Offspring Performance, Megan Van Emon
Animal Sciences
We hypothesized that MP intake at or above requirements during late gestation would improve dam and offspring performance. In year 1, ewes received one of three isocaloric dietary treatments during late gestation: 60MP1: 60% of MP requirements; 80MP1: 80% of MP requirements; and 100MP1: 100% of the MP requirements on a DM basis during the last 4 weeks of gestation for a ewe bearing twins. Similarly, in year 2, ewes received one of three isocaloric dietary treatments during late gestation: 60MP2: 60% of MP requirements; 100MP2: 100% of the MP requirements; and 140MP2: 140% of MP requirements. Dam performance was …
The Relationship Between Pre-Harvest Stress And Carcass Characteristics And The Ability To Qualify For Kosher On Beef Steers And Heifers, Nathan Scott Hayes
The Relationship Between Pre-Harvest Stress And Carcass Characteristics And The Ability To Qualify For Kosher On Beef Steers And Heifers, Nathan Scott Hayes
Animal Sciences
The objective of this study was to determine if there is a difference in pre-harvest stress and carcass characteristics between kosher and not-qualified-as kosher cattle. Cattle that had a shorter time from gate to exsanguination and a lower vocalization score were more likely to qualify for kosher. Kosher carcasses had a larger REA, a higher WBSF value, tended to have a heavier HCW. At each individual day, kosher steaks had lower L*, a*, and b* values. These data suggest that body composition and stress level may play a factor in the likelihood of a beef animal to qualify for kosher, …
Influence Of Cut, Cooking Method, And Post-Mortem Aging On Beef Palatability, Ashley Nicole Lepper
Influence Of Cut, Cooking Method, And Post-Mortem Aging On Beef Palatability, Ashley Nicole Lepper
Animal Sciences
The objectives of these studies were to determine the effects of cut, cooking method, and postmortem aging on improving consumers' perception of beef. Consumers evaluated bottom round, top sirloin, ribeye, and a value cut samples for overall like, tenderness, juiciness, and flavor to understand how different cuts influence consumers' perception of beef characteristics. Consumers' rated the ribeye and value cut similar for overall like, tenderness, juiciness, and flavor. Bottom round steaks were rated the lowest for overall like and the toughest. Correlation and regression coefficients showed flavor was the largest influencing factor for overall like for the ribeye, value cut, …
The Effect Of Artificial Insemination Or Natural Service Breeding Systems On Reproductive Performance, Calving Characteristics, Weaning Characteristics, And Steer Backgrounding Performance In A Commercial Beef Herd, Philip Lee Steichen
Animal Sciences
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of beef cattle breeding systems that incorporate artificial insemination (AI) or breeding systems that use natural service mating on resultant reproductive performance, calving characteristics, weaning characteristics, and steer backgrounding performance. In Exp. 1, cows and heifers were assigned to 1 of 2 breeding season systems: 1) exposed only to natural service bulls (NS, n = 541) or 2) bred via AI on the first day of the breeding season, followed by exposure to natural service bulls (TAI, n = 535). Final pregnancy rates were similar among treatments. However, more calves were born …
Impact Of Environmental Factors On Ovarian Function And Endocrine Activity In Livestock, Samantha Kaminski
Impact Of Environmental Factors On Ovarian Function And Endocrine Activity In Livestock, Samantha Kaminski
Animal Sciences
Ovarian function is important in reproductive efficiency since the ovary is the site of oocyte development, as well as production and secretion of hormones necessary for proper follicle development, ovulation, and maintenance of pregnancy. However, many environmental factors can affect female reproductive function. For example, physical exercise during gestation has previously demonstrated to increase availability of nutrients and oxygen to the developing offspring, decrease mortality rates, and increase birth weights. Unfortunately there is limited information regarding ovarian development and fertility of offspring born to exercised mothers. Nutrition has also been demonstrated to affect reproductive function by altering steroid and metabolic …
Impacts Of Beef Cow Nutrition On Conceptus Development, Leticia Elideth Camacho
Impacts Of Beef Cow Nutrition On Conceptus Development, Leticia Elideth Camacho
Animal Sciences
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of maternal nutrient restriction followed by realimentation during early to mid-gestation on uterine blood flow (BF), maternal performance, and conceptus development in pregnant beef cows. In Experiment 1, effects of maternal nutrient restriction followed by realimentation during mid-gestation on uterine BF of lactating, multiparous cows were evaluated. Nutrient restriction from d 30 until 140 of gestation did not alter total uterine BF. However, upon realimentation (from d 140 to 198 of gestation), there was enhanced ipsilateral uterine BF. In Experiment 2, effects of maternal nutrient restriction followed by realimentation during early to …
Assessing Microbial Stability And Quality Of Green Beans Using Various Home Canning Methods, Jenny Kuchynski
Assessing Microbial Stability And Quality Of Green Beans Using Various Home Canning Methods, Jenny Kuchynski
Cereal Science
Today many consumers follow processing methods recommended either from family members or the internet, which they interpret as being safe. Processing temperature profiles, survival of B. stearothermophilus spores, texture, and color of green beans processed under four home canning methods were assessed. The products were processed using pressure, boiling water bath, steam, or oven canning methods. Pressure canning produced the greatest microbial reductions but this method resulted in the lowest bean quality. The boiling water bath, steam, and oven canning were found to be less safe because the product temperature never achieved 100°C and the resulting microbial counts, >1.7 log …
Effect Of Operational Parameters On Laboratory Determination Of Malt Fermentability, Jaidev Sehrawat
Effect Of Operational Parameters On Laboratory Determination Of Malt Fermentability, Jaidev Sehrawat
Cereal Science
Prediction and variability in malt fermentability is a concern for breeders and brewers. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the variation in fermentability using two different laboratory mash methods. Another experiment was conducted to develop a relationship between malt/wort parameters and malt fermentability with addition of adjunct. The prediction of malt fermentability was achieved by using stepwise multiple linear regression analysis to evaluate which quality factors were able to best explain the observed variation in fermentability. The hot water extract (HWE) mash protocol showed a wider range of fermentability values than did the Congress mash. However, hot …
Characterization Of Edible Bean Flours: Properties And Functionality, Courtney W. Simons
Characterization Of Edible Bean Flours: Properties And Functionality, Courtney W. Simons
Cereal Science
Consumption of pulses is considered part of a healthy diet. Therefore, the opportunity exists for development of new pulse-based ingredients. However, a better understanding of their properties is necessary. The compositional and functional properties will vary depending on the bean type, their physical form (pre-cooked, raw flour, starch or protein fractionates) and growing location. In this study, edible bean flours (pinto, navy, black and small red) were subjected to extrusion cooking to produce snacks and texturized high-protein flour. The extrudates were studied to determine the effect of extrusion on the physical, physicochemical, chemical, sensory, and digestibility properties. Texturized high-protein flour …