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Effects Of Pasteurization (Heating) On Milled Flaxseed Quality, Cody Troy Turner
Effects Of Pasteurization (Heating) On Milled Flaxseed Quality, Cody Troy Turner
Cereal Science
Current food industry practices include the use of pasteurization (heat treatment) as a means to reduce the microbial counts of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum). Flaxseed was pasteurized using a dry air heat treatment of 148 °C for 16.25 minutes and the oxidative stability was observed over a 20 week storage period. Flaxseed quality was measured using peroxide value, percent free fatty acid (as oleic), and propanal content. Peroxide values of the pasteurized milled flaxseed were found to significantly increase (P ≤ 0.05) by week 2. Propanal formation coincided with peroxide value development over 20 weeks of storage. Pasteurized flaxseed milled under …
Alzheimer's Remediation Center: Architecture For Research Innovation And Treatment, Amanda Mauch
Alzheimer's Remediation Center: Architecture For Research Innovation And Treatment, Amanda Mauch
Architecture Theses
“Alzheimer’s Remediation Center: Architecture for Research Innovation and Treatment” addresses the question, “How can perceived spaces within a structure affect memory retention?” The Typology from which to examine this inquiry is best explored through design of an Alzheimer’s Research and Assisted Living Facility. The research will be guided by the assertion that Architecture can become an environment which triggers mental changes in its occupants, a tool which advances treatment and research of Alzheimer’s disease. The project justifies itself by the following: Making up a significant amount of the world’s population, the “baby boom generation” is coming of an age where …
The Wheat-Hessian Fly Interaction: Co-Evolution And Ecology In An Economically Important Plant-Insect System, Kirk Mitchel Anderson
The Wheat-Hessian Fly Interaction: Co-Evolution And Ecology In An Economically Important Plant-Insect System, Kirk Mitchel Anderson
Entomology
The study of wheat’s H-gene mediated resistance to Hessian flies examined the cost of the constitutively expressed H-gene which functions in the plant’s surveillance system and the cost of the downstream induced response. For the constitutively-expressed H-gene, some measures indicated costs, but a greater number indicated benefits. For the induced resistance, plants showed benefits of being attacked. It is expected that fitness costs play a role in determining the rate at which plant defense evolves, and it is important for agriculture as plant breeders decide whether to pyramid resistance genes into a single cultivar to prevent the evolution of pest …
Interactions Between Ultraviolet Light And Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Steven Curtis Burdick
Interactions Between Ultraviolet Light And Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Steven Curtis Burdick
Environmental and Conservation Sciences
Global increases in ultraviolet (UV) radiation have led to greater interest in its current and potential effects on organisms, including insects and plants. Here we report the short-term effects of UV on soybean aphids (Aphis glycines Matsumura), a common phytophagous pest of soybeans. We examined how modified amounts of UV radiation affect soybean aphids by focusing on changes in 1) soybean aphid densities and 2) within plant distribution. In a laboratory experiment artificially adding UV decreased soybean densities compared to a low UV control. In a field experiment blocking UV had minimal effects on soybean aphid densities. Further observations suggest …
A Study About The Level Of A Teacher’S Content Knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Instructional Practices, And Demographics And Their Effects On Students’ Literacy Achievement, Sue Luann Brunsberg
A Study About The Level Of A Teacher’S Content Knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Instructional Practices, And Demographics And Their Effects On Students’ Literacy Achievement, Sue Luann Brunsberg
Education
It might be assumed that teachers’ content and pedagogical content knowledge affect student learning. However, most studies do not include observations of actual classroom instruction. This study provides empirical evidence that illustrates the significance of a teacher’s content knowledge; a teacher’s pedagogical content knowledge; instructional methods; a teacher’s demographic background; and what, if any, effects they have on students’ literacy achievement. This study was important because at this point in time, there was not any research that could be located that incorporated all these five areas. Teachers’ content knowledge, teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge, and teachers’ demographic data were obtained from …
Supporting Transitions Of Homeless Youth: Evaluating Residential Program Frameworks, Structure And Educational Collaborations, Christopher Lowell Johnson
Supporting Transitions Of Homeless Youth: Evaluating Residential Program Frameworks, Structure And Educational Collaborations, Christopher Lowell Johnson
Education
With varying definitions and reports of appropriate transitions to independent living situations, it is difficult to decipher which residential models and approaches have the greatest impact on homeless youth. This project was guided by six research questions that focused on the residential structure and programming frameworks of programs serving runaway and homeless youth. Invited to participate in the study were 299 organizations operating 519 residential programs across the United States. Electronic surveys were sent to identified organizations and were followed by paper surveys. The researcher eventually received 71 completed surveys that were categorized as runaway minor and homeless youth programs. …
Genetics And Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Of Septoria Tritici Blotch Resistance, Agronomic, And Quality Traits In Wheat, Vibin Eranezhath Harilal
Genetics And Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Of Septoria Tritici Blotch Resistance, Agronomic, And Quality Traits In Wheat, Vibin Eranezhath Harilal
Plant Sciences
Most breeding programs aim at developing superior germplasm and better cultivars that combine high yield, disease and pest resistance, and end-use quality to satisfy the requirements of the growers as well as industry. A population, consisting of 138 F2-8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between ‘Steele-ND’ and ND 735, was evaluated to study the inheritance pattern of the septoria tritici blotch (STB)-resistant genes, agronomic and quality traits. The framework map made of 392 markers, including 28 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 364 DArT markers, spanned a total distance of 1789.3 cM and consisted of 17 linkage …
Turf Quality Of Creeping Bentgrass Using Foliar Fertilization Tank-Mixed With Sprayable Organic Amendments, Nolan Roy Berg
Turf Quality Of Creeping Bentgrass Using Foliar Fertilization Tank-Mixed With Sprayable Organic Amendments, Nolan Roy Berg
Plant Sciences
The use of foliar fertilizer applications on creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is a popular method of achieving quality turfgrass. Tank-mixing foliar products may increase turfgrass quality, reduce amount of applications, and create synergism between products. The objective of this thesis was to determine the effectiveness of tank-mixing organic amendments with N fertilizers to improve turfgrass quality. A greenhouse study was conducted in 2012 and 2013 to determine turf quality of three different N forms tank-mixed with three different organic amendments. Generally, urea treatments received the highest VQ among all N forms ranging from 1.6-3.5 higher than control. Experiment one; …
Selection Of Dry Bean Genotypes Adapted For Drought Tolerance In The Northern Great Plains, Angela M. Linares
Selection Of Dry Bean Genotypes Adapted For Drought Tolerance In The Northern Great Plains, Angela M. Linares
Plant Sciences
Drought stress is a production constraint that growers face in the Northern Great Plains. This research was conducted to (1) assess the differences in seed yield due to drought within each one of the three most important dry bean market classes grown in the region (pinto, navy, and black), (2) estimate the genetic gain and progress over time due to the use of improved dry bean cultivars from 1981 to 2011, (3) evaluate the `Buster'/SER 22 recombinant inbred line population under drought conditions and identify loci associated with drought tolerance that could be used in Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) in …
Total Yellow Pigment Content And Oxidative Stress Level During Kernel Development, Marina N. Dobrydina
Total Yellow Pigment Content And Oxidative Stress Level During Kernel Development, Marina N. Dobrydina
Plant Sciences
The focus of this research was to determine the effects of cultivar and environment on levels of total yellow pigment content and oxidative stress during grain development and in semolina and pasta. Lipoxygenase activity increased just before and declined after physiological maturity, while change in malondialdehyde content in the kernel mirrored that of yellow pigment and declined with maturity. After grain reached physiological maturity, levels of lipoxygenase activity, malondialdehyde content and yellow pigment content per kernel were lowest in 2011, while polyphenol oxidase activity was lowest in 2010. Lipoxygenase activity and yellow pigment content decreased after milling and processing, whereas …
Characterization Of Edible Bean Flours: Properties And Functionality, Courtney W. Simons
Characterization Of Edible Bean Flours: Properties And Functionality, Courtney W. Simons
Plant Sciences
Consumption of pulses is considered part of a healthy diet. Therefore, the opportunity exists for development of new pulse-based ingredients. However, a better understanding of their properties is necessary. The compositional and functional properties will vary depending on the bean type, their physical form (pre-cooked, raw flour, starch or protein fractionates) and growing location. In this study, edible bean flours (pinto, navy, black and small red) were subjected to extrusion cooking to produce snacks and texturized high-protein flour. The extrudates were studied to determine the effect of extrusion on the physical, physicochemical, chemical, sensory, and digestibility properties. Texturized high-protein flour …
Identification Of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With A Low Cadmium Uptake Gene In Durum Wheat (Triticum Turgidum L. Var. Durum), Wesam Ali Abuhammad
Identification Of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With A Low Cadmium Uptake Gene In Durum Wheat (Triticum Turgidum L. Var. Durum), Wesam Ali Abuhammad
Plant Sciences
The main objective of durum wheat breeding is to identify lines that are low in Cadmium accumulation by using linkage mapping. 178 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from across between Grenora × Haurani were used to identify QTL for Cadmium (Cd) tolerance. A total of 1,132 polymorphic loci (1,111 SNP and 21SSR loci) were used for linkage map analysis. Among these, 330 (29 percent) markers were successfully integrated into the linkage maps at a LOD score of 3.0. The linkage map had a total genetic distance of 720.2 cM with an average distance of 2.2 cM between adjacent markers distributed …
Genetic And Physiological Relationships Between Oat Grain Quality Components, Ronald Dorcinvil
Genetic And Physiological Relationships Between Oat Grain Quality Components, Ronald Dorcinvil
Plant Sciences
The use of oats for human consumption is increasing every day due to the health benefits of oat products. With the objective to study relationships among factors affecting oat grain quality, two Recombinant Inbred Lines (RIL) mapping populations (`ND030299' x `ND991151' and `ND030299' x `Souris') have been used in this study. The two populations with their parents and three check cultivars were evaluated in a square lattice design in 2008 and 2009 at two North Dakota locations. Data were recorded on the following agronomic traits: grain yield, test weight, 1000 kernel weight, thin kernels, heading date, and plant height. Chemical …
Characterization Of Selected Winter Hardiness Traits In Pea (Pisum Sativum L.), Danielle Fiebelkorn
Characterization Of Selected Winter Hardiness Traits In Pea (Pisum Sativum L.), Danielle Fiebelkorn
Plant Sciences
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important crop from an agronomic and nutritional standpoint. Winter pea has further agronomic benefits for producers; however, sufficient winter hardiness to survive harsh North Dakota conditions is lacking. Winter hardiness was evaluated in the field and greenhouse using replicated trials with 267 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross ‘Medora’/‘Melrose’. Similar reactions were observed between the two trials. An optimum protocol based on acclimation time and scoring method to predict winter hardy genotypes using controlled environment conditions was studied. Twelve genotypes were acclimated for 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks at 4 degrees …
Cover Crops Impact On Energy And Forage Crops Productivity In North Dakota, Dulan Pravinda Samarappuli
Cover Crops Impact On Energy And Forage Crops Productivity In North Dakota, Dulan Pravinda Samarappuli
Plant Sciences
Forage crops have gained interest as potential source of lignocellulosic feedstock to produce ethanol. More focus is needed on developing cropping systems to improve productivity. This study was conducted to identify the agronomic potential of six different cover crops on five different annual biomass crops. Results indicated that forage pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Arvika) N uptake was 126 kg N ha-1 and was able to fix approximately 60 kg of N ha-1 in only 60 days in the fall. Results across locations indicated that forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench cv. FS-5), and sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench …
Carbohydrate-Based Micro And Nano Scale Materials From Soybean Meal, Distillers Dried Grains, And Sugar Beet Pulp For Food And Other Applications, Nilushni Sivapragasam
Carbohydrate-Based Micro And Nano Scale Materials From Soybean Meal, Distillers Dried Grains, And Sugar Beet Pulp For Food And Other Applications, Nilushni Sivapragasam
Plant Sciences
Study 1 was carried out to isolate and produce enzyme resistant micro and nano scale carbohydrates from soybean meal (SBM), distillers dried grains (DDG), and sugar beet pulp (SBP). All materials produced were in micro and nano scales, and the yields were different depending on the starting material. Study 2 determined the physiological stability of study 1 materials for potential encapsulation applications. Both SBM and SBP were stable under simulated physiological conditions; the stability of the SBM was higher than SBP. In study 3 the SBM nanomaterial from buffer extraction was used for in vitro fermentation by Bifidobacterium brevis. The …
Fate And Transport Of An Estrogen Conjugate 17ss-Estradiol-17-Sulfate In Soil-Water Systems, Xuelian Bai
Fate And Transport Of An Estrogen Conjugate 17ss-Estradiol-17-Sulfate In Soil-Water Systems, Xuelian Bai
Soil Science
The hypothesis of this study was that a sulfate conjugated estrogen, i.e. 17β-estradiol-17- sulfate (E2-17S), could be a precursor to free estrogens detected in the environment. The objectives of were to investigate the fate and transport processes of E2-17S in various soil-water systems. Radiolabeled E2-17S was synthesized using a series of chemical for the subsequent soil batch experiments. The batch experiment results showed that E2-17S dissipated more quickly from the aqueous phase of the topsoil compared to the subsoil, demonstrating that soil organic carbon played a significant role. The aqueous dissipation of E2-17S was attributed to sorption to the soil …
Laboratory And Greenhouse Evaluation Of Feeddha Fertilizers Of Differing Quality, Sarah Lovas
Laboratory And Greenhouse Evaluation Of Feeddha Fertilizers Of Differing Quality, Sarah Lovas
Soil Science
Commercial iron ethylene diamine di(hydroxyl phenyl acetic acid) (FeEDDHA) fertilizers containing the same Fe percent and applied at the same FeEDDHA rate control Fe deficiency chlorosis (IDC) differently due to differing ortho, ortho FeEDDHA (o,o-FeEDDHA) concentrations. This study: 1) determined the effect of o,o-FeEDDHA concentration on controlling IDC in soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr.); and 2) developed a soil-stability test using a simple colorimetric analysis method to determine the relative quality of soil-applied FeEDDHA fertilizers. A greenhouse experiment was conducted where nine FeEDDHA fertilizers were applied at two FeEDDHA rates. The soil-stability test compared these fertilizers with two incubation methods …
An Assessment Of Integrated Weed Management Strategies For Purple Threeawn-Dominated Rangelands, Nickolas Alois Dufek
An Assessment Of Integrated Weed Management Strategies For Purple Threeawn-Dominated Rangelands, Nickolas Alois Dufek
Range Science
Purple threeawn (Aristida purpurea Nutt.) is a native bunch grass that is avoided by grazers. It is capable of dominating old cropland and overgrazed pastures, limiting livestock carrying capacity, and degrading wildlife habitat. Traditional management tools have had little impact on threeawn dominance in semiarid regions of the west. Our objectives were to: 1) assess fire and nitrogen treatment effects on threeawn forage quality at various phenological stages to test their potential as pretreatments in a grazing strategy and 2) examine a threeawn-dominated plant community’s response to prescribed fire, nitrogen addition, and clipping. Fire improved threeawn forage quality with greater …
�I Am Aids�: Bridging The Gap, Leah Marie Brewster
�I Am Aids�: Bridging The Gap, Leah Marie Brewster
Nursing
It is estimated that between 252,000 and 312,000 people in the United States are unaware that they are infected with HIV/AIDS and are unaware of their risk for HIV/AIDS transmission to other people (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly, 2003). Placed near the bottom in incidence for HIV/AIDS prevalence rates in the United States, North Dakota has 227 HIV/AIDS (North Dakota Department of Health, 2011). With low prevalence rates, a lack of cohesive healthcare provider groups is a challenge due to low demands for care. The purpose of this project was to identify the needs of persons newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and …
Screening And Brief Interventions For Alcohol Use In College Students, Angela Ann Dolalie Kelsch
Screening And Brief Interventions For Alcohol Use In College Students, Angela Ann Dolalie Kelsch
Nursing
College students are recognized as a high-risk group for alcohol problems in the United States. Annually approximately 500,000 college students are unintentionally injured, and more than 1,700 college students die from alcohol-related unintentional injury. In addition, individuals who begin drinking alcohol early in life increase their risk of developing serious alcohol problems later in life. As a result, it is essential that efforts be made to focus on opportunities for alcohol screening and brief intervention where applicable in an attempt to reduce problem drinking behaviors. Alcohol screening and brief interventions for alcohol misuse is an effective way for health care …
Compressed Agriculture Initiative, Thomas Homic
Compressed Agriculture Initiative, Thomas Homic
Architecture Theses
Increasingly within urban population growth there is a greater demand on the agricultural resources needed to keep these populations properly fed. As these stresses on the agricultural space and supply chain increase, they can lead to dangerous lapses in feeding growing urban populations. How can architecture respond to urban centers that have an ever increasing need for agricultural space and stabilize food supplies in those communities? This system is an agricultural typology with commercial and educational elements to facilitate the project requirements. This project begins to address the demand for a stable food supply while by bringing nutritious foods right …
The Pine Ridge Project: Revitalizing The Forgotten, Quinn Sackreiter-Heesch
The Pine Ridge Project: Revitalizing The Forgotten, Quinn Sackreiter-Heesch
Landscape Architecture Theses
This project ventures to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in western South Dakota. The reservation is home to a rich culture of Lakota Sioux Native Americans that, unfortunately, are living in one of the most impoverished areas of the country. Many are without proper housing and livelihood necessities and many struggle with illness and addiction. The areas that these people inhabit lack any sense of a community; there are no pathways or parks, no meeting areas or sports fields. There is no reason for them to feel like living in a thriving community whilst living in such a disadvantaged state. …
Fresh Place Market: A Permanent Farmer's Market Solution Supporting The Fargo-Moorhead Metropolitan Area, Jake Coryell
Fresh Place Market: A Permanent Farmer's Market Solution Supporting The Fargo-Moorhead Metropolitan Area, Jake Coryell
Landscape Architecture Theses
Current farmers and individual food producers are struggling for spatial identity and social legitimacy in a larger food network that currently exists in America. Much of the current research only focuses on consumer and vendor ideals in terms of what contributes to an ideal farmer’s markets social identity. However, little research focuses on the need to evaluate farmer’s markets in terms of their spatial identity and how it contributes to creating the ideal farmers market. This research connects with vendors through a pictorial survey to understand some of their preferred spatial qualities, piggy backs on current trends that residents in …
Learning To Play In Nature; An Urban Playground For Adolescents, Priscilla Gurath
Learning To Play In Nature; An Urban Playground For Adolescents, Priscilla Gurath
Landscape Architecture Theses
This project examines the problems surrounding the increase in adverse health related issues directly relating to the decrease in society’s physical activity and exercise opportunities for adolescents in their immediate communities. The typology of this project is an educational recreation space aimed at adolescents and addresses the following questions: What characteristics of urban space can make a healthy community and how are landscape patterns making it healthy and safe for adolescents as a vulnerable group? Through research and mixed-methods of data collection and analysis, this study investigates how the built environment can have a positive effect on children’s health and …
The Relationship Between Exercise And Mental Health In College Students, Nikki Richelle Demers
The Relationship Between Exercise And Mental Health In College Students, Nikki Richelle Demers
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of an exercise program on aspects of wellness in college students. The study explored changes in physical fitness and on self-reports of anxiety and depression symptoms before and after participating in a six-week exercise program at a Midwestern university. The study participants consisted of 53 undergraduate students from activity courses, and 25 undergraduate students from a lecture course. The Burns' Anxiety Inventory, Burns' Depression Inventory, and the Attitudes Towards Exercise Inventory were used for assessment. Quantifiable measures of physical fitness were assessed using anthropometric measures for weight and body composition, …
Effects Of Green Reinforcement Strategies On Mechanical Properties Of High Volume Polymers, Luke Ryan Gibbon
Effects Of Green Reinforcement Strategies On Mechanical Properties Of High Volume Polymers, Luke Ryan Gibbon
Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics
Green reinforcement in polymer systems have shown great promise in reducing cost, negative environmental effects, and dependency on nonrenewable resources. Both natural fillers and composite regrind can increase mechanical performance, while reducing new resin inputs for polymer based components. PVC and Polyurethane foam are widely used in North America in high volumes. Ground corn cob greatly increased the modulus of a flexible PVC system while minimally reducing maximum strength. The corn cob also showed signs of being a suitable filler in a polyurethane foam composite panel at low concentrations with minimal changes in mechanical performance. Polyurethane composite regrind illustrated great …
Assessing North Dakota Nurse Practitioners' Knowledge Of The National Comprehensive Cancer Network's Treatment Guidelines For Adult Cancer Pain, Lisa Maire Schoenberg
Assessing North Dakota Nurse Practitioners' Knowledge Of The National Comprehensive Cancer Network's Treatment Guidelines For Adult Cancer Pain, Lisa Maire Schoenberg
Nursing
The purpose of this project was to determine if access to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network's guidelines on the treatment of adult cancer related pain increased nurse practitioner knowledge and utilization in practice. The guidelines were provided to nurse practitioners who practiced within an oncology setting in North Dakota to assess whether their knowledge of pain management increased and if they found the guidelines to be a useful tool to have in practice. A pre-intervention questionnaire was sent to the participants to gain demographic information, including, age and gender, type of certification, primary area of practice, number of years practicing …
Understanding And Managing Rhizoctonia Solani In Sugarbeet, Afsana Noor
Understanding And Managing Rhizoctonia Solani In Sugarbeet, Afsana Noor
Plant Pathology
Rhizoctonia crown and root rot of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is one of the most important production problems in Minnesota and North Dakota. Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of azoxystrobin to control R. solani at seed, cotyledonary, 2-leaf and 4-leaf stages of sugarbeet; compatibility, safety, and efficacy of mixing azoxystrobin with starter fertilizers to control R. solani; and the effect of placement of azoxystrobin in control of R. solani. Results demonstrated that azoxystrobin provided effective control applied in-furrow or band applications before infection at all sugarbeet growth stages evaluated; mixtures of azoxystrobin …