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Dual Role Of Phenolic Bioactives In Improving Functional Health Benefits And Abiotic Stress Resilience In Barley, Ramnarain Ramakrishna
Dual Role Of Phenolic Bioactives In Improving Functional Health Benefits And Abiotic Stress Resilience In Barley, Ramnarain Ramakrishna
Plant Sciences
Food insecurity, climate change, and public health challenges are interconnected and pressing issues facing humanity in the 21st century. Therefore, it is imperative to address key obstacles underlying food and nutritional insecurity by developing strategies to concurrently improve the nutritional benefits and environmental stress resilience of food crops. The metabolic and physiological roles of plant-derived phenolic compounds are particularly relevant in addressing these challenges. Phenolic compounds are an integral part of plant adaptive defense responses against biotic and abiotic stresses. When consumed as part of diet, certain phenolic compounds from plant-based foods also provide wider protection against metabolic breakdowns and …
Mapping The Ur-5 Gene Conferring Resistance To Common Bean Rust, Eddy Rodolfo Ixcotoyac Cabrera
Mapping The Ur-5 Gene Conferring Resistance To Common Bean Rust, Eddy Rodolfo Ixcotoyac Cabrera
Plant Sciences
Bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers) Unger), is a highly virulent pathogen that negatively affects bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed yield. Over time, bean rust has the capacity to generate new races that overcome the existing resistance in cultivars. An alternative to control plant diseases is through breeding and pyramiding resistance genes. However, these genes need to be characterized first, to be used effectively. An F2 population from the cross UI-114 /Mexico 309 (Ur-5 gene) was evaluated with race 20-3 being prevalent in ND. A set of InDel markers were designed and tested for potential use in MAS. It was confirmed …
Genome-Wide Association Mapping And Genomic Prediction For Resistance To Sclerotinia Stem Rot In Rapeseed/Canola (Brassica Napus L.) Germplasm Collections, Jayanta Roy
Plant Sciences
Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a devastating disease of rapeseed/canola that causes significant seed yield loss, reduced oil content, and quality. Lack of complete immune genotypes and polygenic resistance between host and pathogen often impedes the development of functional molecular markers and gene identification to enable SSR resistance breeding. However, genomics-assisted breeding approaches such as genome-wide association (GWA) mapping and genomic prediction (GP) are considered most promising for the genetic improvement of complex traits over classical breeding. Therefore, the objective of this study was to perform GWA mapping and GP in a diverse rapeseed/canola panel using …
Nitrogen Uptake Effects On Potato Yield And Quality, Enise Ayyildiz
Nitrogen Uptake Effects On Potato Yield And Quality, Enise Ayyildiz
Plant Sciences
Nitrogen (N) is one of the vital elements for potato production. As well as common synthetic fertilizers, turkey manure compost (TMC) is more commonly used as a source of N for potato production in Minnesota. The aim of this study was to compare traditional N sources and applications (urea broadcast, Environmentally Smart Nitrogen (ESN) broadcast, and ESN banded at hilling) to TMC broadcast prior to planting on yield and quality of Russet Burbank in Minnesota. The TMC treatment resulted in a similar marketable yield compared to the urea and ESN treatments. The TMC also increased the percentage of the >170 …
Productive And Economic Analysis Of Silage Maize And Alfalfa Intercropping, Johanna Verushka Lukaschewsky
Productive And Economic Analysis Of Silage Maize And Alfalfa Intercropping, Johanna Verushka Lukaschewsky
Plant Sciences
Intercropping of maize (Zea mays L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is not a commonpractice because alfalfa generally reduces maize grain and biomass yield. The objective of thisresearch was to evaluate the productivity and profitability of maize-alfalfa intercropping. Theexperiment was conducted in Fargo and Prosper, ND, from 2014 to 2017. The design was arandomized complete block design with four replicates and a split-plot arrangement. Treatmentswere: 1) maize monoculture, 2) maize intercropped with alfalfa, 3) maize intercropped withalfalfa + prohexadione, and 4) spring-seeded alfalfa (in 2015). Alfalfa established inintercropping with maize had almost double the forage yield in the following year …
Exploring The Effects Of Interleaving On Mind-Wandering, Alyssa Lynn Miller
Exploring The Effects Of Interleaving On Mind-Wandering, Alyssa Lynn Miller
Psychology
Research has shown that interleaving (a study technique where two topics are practiced in an alternating fashion) enhances learning and memory. However, it is unclear whether interleaving impacts the frequency of mind-wandering. The current research explores the extent to which interleaving reduces mind-wandering using a between-subjects design. Participants completed the experiment remotely and learned 40 bird images from 8 distinct families. Bird images were presented in pairs from two different families (e.g., interleaved) or individually from one family (e.g., blocked). After a brief distractor task, participants completed a final classification test. Participants also completed a post-assessment questionnaire regarding the level …
Patch-Burn Grazing In Southwestern North Dakota: Assessing Above- And Belowground Rangeland Ecosystem Responses, Jonathan Wesley Spiess
Patch-Burn Grazing In Southwestern North Dakota: Assessing Above- And Belowground Rangeland Ecosystem Responses, Jonathan Wesley Spiess
Natural Resources Management
Rangelands are heterogeneous working landscapes capable of supporting livestock production and biodiversity conservation, and heterogeneity-based rangeland management balances the potentially opposing production and conservation goals in these working landscapes. Within fire-dependent ecosystems, patch-burn grazing aims to create landscape patterns analogous to pre-European rangelands. Little work has tested the efficacy of patch-burn grazing in northern US Great Plains. We investigated patch contrast in above and belowground ecosystem properties and processes during the summer grazing seasons from 2017 – 2020 on three patch-burn pastures stocked with cow-calf pairs and three patch-burn pastures stocked with sheep. We focused on vegetation structure, plant community …
Nutritional Insecurity Among College Students On A Midwest Campus, Stephanie Lee Hendricks
Nutritional Insecurity Among College Students On A Midwest Campus, Stephanie Lee Hendricks
Nursing
College students experience nutritional insecurity at higher rates when compared to the general public. Compounding social, financial, community, and policy barriers limit the ability of college students to access healthy, palatable foods in adequate amounts for an active lifestyle. Recent literature, national societies, and healthcare entities have begun to highlight this concerning public health issue, yet literature has not fully explored or agreed upon the specific causes, exact prevalence, and implications of having limited food availability. Additionally, a greater understanding and awareness of this social determinant of health is required to facilitate and identify health promotion needs among this population …
Adverse Childhood Experiences Among College Students: Best-Practice Recommendations For Student Health Clinicians, Rachel Marie Ostlund
Adverse Childhood Experiences Among College Students: Best-Practice Recommendations For Student Health Clinicians, Rachel Marie Ostlund
Nursing
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are highly prevalent and considered a global public health crisis (Forgash, 2015). ACEs are associated with toxic stress resulting in severe impairment of the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems (Asmussen et al., 2020). Consequently, the ten categories of ACEs have been linked to multiple risk factors for unhealthy behaviors and nine of the 10 leading causes of death in adults (Asmussen et al., 2020). A crucial component to mitigating the effects of ACEs is through identification of those exposed. Ideally, screening for ACEs occurs after the age of 18 years and prior to the onset of …
Improving Hepatitis C Screening Rates In A Primary Care Setting, Katie Jean Thompson
Improving Hepatitis C Screening Rates In A Primary Care Setting, Katie Jean Thompson
Nursing
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is the most common blood borne infection in the United States and frequently develops into a chronic disease, which can lead to serious health complications including liver damage, cirrhosis, cancer, and death. Due to vague symptomology associated with HCV, half of people with chronic HCV are unaware of their condition. New HCV infections are most common in persons who inject drugs (PWID) and chronic infection is currently most prevalent in baby boomers (birth age 1945 to 1965). The purpose of this project was to increase health care professionals’ comfort level and knowledge regarding HCV screening guidelines …
The Invisible Person, Matthew Leake
The Invisible Person, Matthew Leake
Architecture Theses
The concept I chose for my thesis project is a unifying idea focused on community healing and more specifically on helping people in extreme poverty or homelessness. It seems that there is a sizable disconnect in understanding why people are homeless, and I believe it is much more effective to look at the source of the problem than to deal with the outcome. The public view is often unapologetic, and many people are quick to blame those facing homelessness for their bad habits or perceived irresponsibility. I believe it is very problematic to view people suffering from this issue through …
Cooling Off Social Meltdown, Hajime Shibuya
Cooling Off Social Meltdown, Hajime Shibuya
Architecture Theses
These days many problems are discussed worldwide including the environmental, cultural, and economic fields. Pollutions from industrial exhausts are killing not only the ecological environment but for us, human being. Most of these problems are raised by population growth. We have been covering our physical daily needs by mass production. The environment has been holding such stresses. The solution for this is simply by redistributing the burden of a populated city. Now all the foods and wastes are all collected before and after human use, and this is true for all the other infrastructures. Mass production causes giant risks of …
Homeostasis, Grace Sundberg
Homeostasis, Grace Sundberg
Architecture Theses
Homeostasis is the self-regulating process by which stability is maintained during the adjustment to conditions. This is similarly seen in how our built environment provides stability to our ever-changing health, wellness, and environment. Utilizing Zero Carbon principles and WELL Building Standards can assist in supporting our built environment to be adaptable to maintain the balance of homeostasis that is desired. By following these standards, the structure that is created should enhance our state of being and improve our sustainability. These factors are extremely prevalent in a society that is overusing resources, overexerting themselves, and underutilizing the power of architecture. The …
The Influence Of Body Size On Metabolic Rates, Scaling, Telomere Dynamics, And Metamorphosis In Megachilid Bees, Courtney Corinne Grula
The Influence Of Body Size On Metabolic Rates, Scaling, Telomere Dynamics, And Metamorphosis In Megachilid Bees, Courtney Corinne Grula
Biological Sciences
Body size is related to many aspects of a bee’s life history including foraging distance and pollination efficiency. Megachile rotundata, and Osmia lignaria are agriculturally important, solitary pollinators. Adult body size in solitary bees is variable because it is determined by the quantity of food available to the developing larva. The goal of this dissertation was to determine the effect of body size on metabolic rates, scaling, telomere dynamics, and entry into metamorphosis. Body size was manipulated under laboratory conditions by manipulating the amount of food provided during the final larval stage. First, I tested the effect of body size …
A Case Study On Assessing Quality Of Life In A Resident Of An Assisted Living Facility, A'Shanti Mignona Kimera Peterson
A Case Study On Assessing Quality Of Life In A Resident Of An Assisted Living Facility, A'Shanti Mignona Kimera Peterson
Human Development and Family Science
Lorna (a pseudonym) is an 81-year-old African American female who resides in an assisted living facility in a small town in southern Kentucky, where she was born. She has some minor health issues, and her family alleges she has emotional issues going back to childhood. She is mentally competent, and until ten years ago resided independently in the home purchased by her deceased parents. Since leaving this home, Lorna has become increasingly withdrawn from family members and society; she has also lost weight and seems to have declined mentally. This case study used five different assessments to build a profile …
Targeted Three-Way-Junction Rna Nanoparticle Reprogrammed Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalyzed Dihomo-ϒ-Linolenic Acid Peroxidation Pattern In Lung Cancer, Lizhi Pang
Pharmacy
As the second most common cancer and the first leading cause of cancer deaths, lung cancer attracts much research attention. Since cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is overexpressing in nearly 80% of lung cancer patients, COX-2 inhibitors may benefit cancer patients via breaking the COX-2/arachidonic acid (AA)/ prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) axis, which is highly relevant to cancer progression. However, the COX-2 inhibitors fail to improve survival of cancer patients in clinical studies. To effectively take advantage of COX-2 overexpression in lung cancer, in this study, we advanced a novel strategy, instead of direct COX-2 inhibition, redirecting COX-2 catalyzed dihomo-γ-linolenic acid peroxidation by knocking …
Diabetes-Related Distress Identification And Intercollaborative Treatment At A Rural, Primary Care Clinic, Samantha Jo Fugleberg
Diabetes-Related Distress Identification And Intercollaborative Treatment At A Rural, Primary Care Clinic, Samantha Jo Fugleberg
Nursing
The ADA found in 2018 that almost half of individuals with diabetes are not meeting diabetes goals, indicating great need for improved care. The purpose of this project was to implement the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) in a rural, primary care setting to screen adult patients with Diabetes Type II to improve Type II Diabetes management by identifying and reducing Diabetes-Related Distress (DRD), A1c values, and increasing the utilization of interdisciplinary care already available at the clinic. To reduce time burden on rural healthcare providers, DRD treatment was delegated to preexisting interdisciplinary services, including Diabetes Self-Management Program class, a dietician, …
Sleep Hygiene Analysis & Education Module For Nursing Students, Kayla Jean Sorenson
Sleep Hygiene Analysis & Education Module For Nursing Students, Kayla Jean Sorenson
Nursing
There is a research gap regarding college nursing student sleep habits and education compared to general college and medical students; nursing students are at high risk for poor sleep hygiene and impaired sleep quality due to coursework rigor, clinical hours, and balance between work (for majority) and college social life. There is a lack of sleep education and support in nursing students to allow for behavior change to occur amidst academic, employment, and social expectations. Nurse Practitioners (NPs) can play a vital role in health promotion to impact the nursing student population regarding sleep health. The practice improvement project (PIP) …
Screening Adolescent Females For Eating Disorders In Primary Care, Brooke Marie Thom
Screening Adolescent Females For Eating Disorders In Primary Care, Brooke Marie Thom
Nursing
In recent decades, there has been an increased focus on the idealization of thinness and the pressure and expectancy to be thin, which contributes to a rising number of individuals that experience severe body dissatisfaction and body distortion, and in turn, eating disorders. Eating disorders are one of the most common chronic conditions within the youth population, approximately 13% of the adolescent youth population will suffer from at least one eating disorder by age 20, and a majority of those affected will be female. Rural health care providers encounter many health care disadvantages when detecting and treating eating disorders including …
Lignin And Cellulose Nanofibers Enhanced Corn-Based Thermoplastic Composites, Yanlin Chen
Lignin And Cellulose Nanofibers Enhanced Corn-Based Thermoplastic Composites, Yanlin Chen
Materials and Nanotechnology
The goal of this project is to develop biobased thermoplastics and composites using corn as the main raw material. Corn contains mainly starch, zein, and oil. Thermoplastic starch/zein blends were prepared through internal mixing and extrusion. Lignin was used as a compatibilizer to refine the phase structure of the blend and increase the mechanical properties of the product. Scanning electron microscopy study showed that the incorporation of lignin significantly reduced the domain size of the zein phase in the blends. Modulus and tensile strength of the blend were increased greatly. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability of the blends …
Aging Out Of Place: Quality Of Life And Successful Aging Among Aging Refugee Immigrants In The Us, Jonix Atieno Owino
Aging Out Of Place: Quality Of Life And Successful Aging Among Aging Refugee Immigrants In The Us, Jonix Atieno Owino
Human Development and Family Science
As individuals age, they experience physical, cognitive, and socioemotional changes that may impact their well-being. However, little is known about well-being among aging refugees. Thus, the present study explores factors associated with quality of life and perceptions of successful aging among refugees who are aged 50 years and above. This mixed methods dissertation included a quantitative and qualitative study. For the quantitative study, 108 refugee participants (from Bhutan, Burundi, and Somalia) living in the US were surveyed to assess quality of life. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that females, older individuals, individuals with lower education levels, and African refugees reported lower …
Altering Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Cpr) Education For Allied Health Care Providers Based On Self-Reported Experiences With Recertification, Kassiann Deen Landin
Altering Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Cpr) Education For Allied Health Care Providers Based On Self-Reported Experiences With Recertification, Kassiann Deen Landin
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
Health care providers (nurses, athletic trainers, and emergency medical services [EMS] personnel) are expected to perform high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) regardless of their confidence. Also, regardless the design of CPR recertification courses, it is expected that health care providers perform high-quality CPR. The first goal of the study pertained to self-efficacy. This research investigated health care professionals reports of self-efficacy of CPR performance with the current CPR guidelines for a specific amount of time as well as over athletic equipment. Secondly, this research explored differences in recertification expectations and educational approaches between professions. Ninety-nine health care professionals (36 nurses, 36 …
An Analysis Of Muscle Activity During Load Carriage, Acft Scores, And Back Pain In Army Rotc Cadets, Jennifer Ann Longo
An Analysis Of Muscle Activity During Load Carriage, Acft Scores, And Back Pain In Army Rotc Cadets, Jennifer Ann Longo
Health Nutrition and Exercise Science
Context: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading musculoskeletal complaint among the military population. Load carriage tasks are a frequently reported mechanism of injury for low back pain (LBP) in the Army. Furthermore, researchers have demonstrated a clear association between physical fitness and injury incidence. Objectives: 1) to analyze changes in muscle activity during load carriage and how LBP relates to changes in muscle activation; and 2) to analyze a possible relationship between performance on the Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) and LBP, muscle activity, and kinesiophobia in Army Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. Methods: 30 Army ROTC cadets …
Impacts Of Microbial Seed Inoculants On Growth Of Field Pea (Pisum Sativum L.), And Implications For Plant-Insect Interactions, Benjamin Patrick Glogoza
Impacts Of Microbial Seed Inoculants On Growth Of Field Pea (Pisum Sativum L.), And Implications For Plant-Insect Interactions, Benjamin Patrick Glogoza
Entomology
Soil microbes that associate with plant roots can benefit plants by increasing the supply or availability of nutrients to increase the plant’s resilience to abiotic and biotic stress, crop germination rates, root and shoot growth, flower production, and yield. We evaluated the impact of five commercially available treatments: 1) B5, Bacillus bacteria, 2) GP, Trichoderma fungi, 3) N2, Paenibacillus nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 4) combination of B5+GP+N2, and 5) water control, and soil-dwelling Collembola on growth and biomass distribution of the specialty crop field pea in a greenhouse setting. We assessed plant growth (e.g., height, biomass of shoots and roots) and results …
Evaluation Of Extraction Methods And Groat Type With Effects On Quality Analysis Of Oat Beverage, Brandon Robert Olson
Evaluation Of Extraction Methods And Groat Type With Effects On Quality Analysis Of Oat Beverage, Brandon Robert Olson
Cereal Science
The recent uptick in consumption of plant-based beverages has forced companies to modify production methods to further optimize the process. The objective of this study was to evaluate how groat type, water to grain ratio, and extraction method affect the quality and composition of oat beverage. Wet milling and the use of an amylase treatment produced significantly (p<0.05) higher values of degree Brix, solids, and total starch within the beverage base. Stabilized groats produced the highest value of total starch of 61.97%. Microbial analysis revealed that amylase treated products had a much lower colony forming units per gram (CFU/g), when compared to dry and wet milling. To produce an oat beverage with ideal rheological and composition values, the beverage must be derived from heat treated groats, a grain to water ratio of 1:4, and must undergo an α-amylase treatment.
Advancing Plant Protein-Based Proteoposite Films Targeted For Food Packaging Applications. A Combined Computational And Experimental Approach, Kristen Lorraine Patnode
Advancing Plant Protein-Based Proteoposite Films Targeted For Food Packaging Applications. A Combined Computational And Experimental Approach, Kristen Lorraine Patnode
Coatings and Polymeric Materials
Demand for polymeric, plastic materials continues to grow each year. However, the limited supply of fossil-fuels and negative environmental impact caused by petrochemical products have led to an increased demand for bio-based plastic alternatives. While there is great interest in developing plant-based alternatives to plastic packaging products, industrial applications of such materials are limited and development of said products is time, cost, and resource consuming. For this reason, advanced, marketable plant-based bioplastics must be developed more efficiently. To achieve such a goal, this thesis outlines a combined computational and experimental approach which results in novel plant proteins-based (proteoposite) films, that …
Biodivercity, Kelsey Darwin
Biodivercity, Kelsey Darwin
Architecture Theses
With a population of nearly 40 million people, California is the nation’s most populous state. As the largest city in California, and the second largest in the United States, Los Angeles, continues to grow in population. Due to continuous growth, cities like Los Angeles are using up more natural resources and becoming more congested and polluted than ever before. As these cities grow, they are being forced to expand. Along with expansion comes the demolition of natural habitats. BiodiverCity is an opportunity for a structure that needs no outside sourcing of energy and that can completely sustain itself, all the …
Live + Work + Play: Engaging And Revitalizing The Broader Urban Community Through Sport, Evan Pukal
Live + Work + Play: Engaging And Revitalizing The Broader Urban Community Through Sport, Evan Pukal
Architecture Theses
As most professional sports leagues continue moving towards a minor league model in an effort to develop athletes right out of high school as opposed to drafting players from the college ranks, the question of where these new developmental league teams will hold games opens the door for smaller market cities to land the stadiums where these teams will compete. If cities are to make a bid for a developmental league team, the tax payers should see a return on their investment in any stadium or practice facilities that are constructed. Given the reality that sports stadiums are largely taxpayer …
Ancestral Breed Grouping For Improving Animal Modeling In Admixed Populations And Its Use In Leptin (Genetic And Hormone) Association Studies With Performance Traits In Commercial Beef Cow Herd, Nayan Bhowmik
Animal Sciences
The first study investigated American Aberdeen (AD) cattle's genetic structure and its genetic relationships with five American taurine beef breeds and the genetic population structure of a related admixed cattle herd for improved statistical modeling. The last two studies investigated the role of leptin (LEP) c.73C>T polymorphism, leptin diplotype (LEPD), and leptin hormone (LEPH) concentration on reproductive, growth, size, feeding, and carcass ultrasound traits in beef cows and heifers. High levels of polymorphism were observed in admixed, Red Angus, and Gelbvieh (GV) populations. The lowest level of polymorphism was found in AD followed by undetermined parentage. Pairwise fixation index …
The Use Of Land Management Practices To Reclaim Brine-Affected Cropland Soils And Restore Shrub Invaded Rangeland, Dylan John Bartels
The Use Of Land Management Practices To Reclaim Brine-Affected Cropland Soils And Restore Shrub Invaded Rangeland, Dylan John Bartels
Range Science
Land management techniques can enhance altered ecosystems on a variety of landscapes. In the Williston Basin of North Dakota, brine ponds created 50 years ago still cause problems today. We applied six treatments to reclaim the A-horizon of brine-affected soil on six legacy brine ponds and monitored soil nutrients until 23 months after treatment. We found that from 0-15 cm, all treatments were significantly better at reducing electrical conductivity than the control. In addition, sodium adsorption ratio was reduced at all depths over time. In Southcentral North Dakota, we monitored the effects of fire and grazing on colonies of western …