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Understanding The Role Of Activated Sludge In Oxygen Transfer: Effects Of Sludge Settleability, Solids Retention Time, And Nitrification Reaction, Ken Campbell, Jianmin Wang Nov 2022

Understanding The Role Of Activated Sludge In Oxygen Transfer: Effects Of Sludge Settleability, Solids Retention Time, And Nitrification Reaction, Ken Campbell, Jianmin Wang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The current understanding on the oxygen transfer in activated sludge process is primarily developed based on two-phase systems, focusing only on oxygen transfer from air to water. However, this research demonstrates that activated sludge particles significantly impact oxygen transfer from air all the way to the microorganisms. Three bench-scale complete-mix activated sludge reactors, operated under the same influent loading and dissolved oxygen level but different solids retention times (SRTs), were used to develop oxygen transfer performance data as effects of different sludge property parameters. These reactors were also operated under batch modes to further validate the effect of nitrification reaction …

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Validation Of Standardized Data Formats And Tools For Ground-Level Particle-Based Gamma-Ray Observatories, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, C. Brisbois, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, O. Chaparro-Amaro, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, E. De La Fuente, R. Diaz Hernandez, M. A. Duvernois, M. Durocher, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, M. Fernandez Alonso, N. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, H. Goksu, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, V. Marandon, O. Martinez, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafa, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, E. G. Perez-Perez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, D. Salazar-Gallegos, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, H. Schoorlemmer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, E. Willox, H. Zhou, C. De Leon, A. Zepeda, A. Donath, S. Funk Nov 2022

Validation Of Standardized Data Formats And Tools For Ground-Level Particle-Based Gamma-Ray Observatories, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, C. Brisbois, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, O. Chaparro-Amaro, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, E. De La Fuente, R. Diaz Hernandez, M. A. Duvernois, M. Durocher, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, M. Fernandez Alonso, N. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, H. Goksu, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huntemeyer, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, V. Marandon, O. Martinez, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafa, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, E. G. Perez-Perez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, D. Salazar-Gallegos, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, H. Schoorlemmer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, E. Willox, H. Zhou, C. De Leon, A. Zepeda, A. Donath, S. Funk

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Context. Ground-based γ-ray astronomy is still a rather young field of research, with strong historical connections to particle physics. This is why most observations are conducted by experiments with proprietary data and analysis software, as is usual in the particle physics field. However, in recent years, this paradigm has been slowly shifting toward the development and use of open-source data formats and tools, driven by upcoming observatories such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). In this context, a community-driven, shared data format (the gamma-Astro-data-format, or GADF) and analysis tools such as Gammapy and ctools have been developed. So far, these …

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A Novel Microgrid Fault Detection And Classification Method Using Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Packet Transform And An Augmented Lagrangian Particle Swarm Optimization-Support Vector Machine, Masoud Ahmadipour, Muhammad Murtadha Othman, Rui Bo, Zainal Salam, Hussein Mohammed Ridha, Kamrul Hasan Nov 2022

A Novel Microgrid Fault Detection And Classification Method Using Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Packet Transform And An Augmented Lagrangian Particle Swarm Optimization-Support Vector Machine, Masoud Ahmadipour, Muhammad Murtadha Othman, Rui Bo, Zainal Salam, Hussein Mohammed Ridha, Kamrul Hasan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, an intelligent method for fault detection and classification for a microgrid (MG) was proposed. The idea was based on the combination of three computational tools: signal processing using the maximal overlap discrete wavelet packet transform (MODWPT), parameter optimization by the augmented Lagrangian particle swarm optimization (ALPSO), and machine learning using the support vector machine (SVM). The MODWPT was applied to preprocess half cycle of the post-fault current samples measured at both ends of feeders. The wavelet coefficients derived from the MODWPT were statistically evaluated using the mean, standard deviation, energy, skewness, kurtosis, logarithmic energy entropy, max, min, …

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Discovery Of Two Inhibitors Of The Type Iv Pilus Assembly Atpase Pilb As Potential Antivirulence Compounds, Keane J. Dye, Nancy J. Vogelaar, Megan O'Hara, Pablo Sobrado, Webster Santos, Paul R. Carlier, Zhaomin Yang Nov 2022

Discovery Of Two Inhibitors Of The Type Iv Pilus Assembly Atpase Pilb As Potential Antivirulence Compounds, Keane J. Dye, Nancy J. Vogelaar, Megan O'Hara, Pablo Sobrado, Webster Santos, Paul R. Carlier, Zhaomin Yang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

With the pressing antibiotic resistance pandemic, Anti virulence has been increasingly explored as an alternative strategy against bacterial infections. The bacterial type IV pilus (T4P) is a well-documented virulence factor and an attractive target for small molecules for Anti virulence purposes. The PilB ATPase is essential for T4P biogenesis because it catalyzes the assembly of monomeric pilins into the polymeric pilus filament. Here, we describe the identification of two PilB inhibitors by a high-throughput screen (HTS) in vitro and their validation as effective inhibitors of T4P assembly in vivo. We used Chloracidobacterium thermophilum PilB as a model enzyme to optimize …

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Further Comments On "Engineering Shape Anisotropy Of Fe3o4-Γ-Fe2o3hollow Nanoparticles For Magnetic Hyperthermia", Fernande Grandjean, Gary J. Long Oct 2022

Further Comments On "Engineering Shape Anisotropy Of Fe3o4-Γ-Fe2o3hollow Nanoparticles For Magnetic Hyperthermia", Fernande Grandjean, Gary J. Long

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In their earlier paper, Niraula et al. (ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2021, 4, 3148-3158) described the morphological, compositional, and magnetic properties of three different magnetite/maghemite or Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3, hollow nanoparticles, referred to herein as nanorings, short-nanotubes, and long-nanotubes. Scanning electron microscopy indicates that these nanoparticles have lengths of 275 ± 51, 411 ± 92, and 515 ± 98 nm and outer diameters of 201 ± 55, 251 ± 46, and 229 ± 42 nm, respectively, dimensions that are all rather similar in view of their distributions, as is shown in a figure herein. …

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Final Report - Simulation Training To Work With Bridge Inspection Robots, Sushil J. Louis Oct 2022

Final Report - Simulation Training To Work With Bridge Inspection Robots, Sushil J. Louis

Project WD-3

This project aims to investigate and develop a software system that helps bridge inspectors work together with semiautonomous and autonomous robots that efficiently and effectively inspect truss bridges more thoroughly in less time. Our first project WD-2 effort developed a simulation training system for bridge inspection, enabling a heterogeneous group of simulated robots to accelerate comprehensive bridge inspections. This new project WD-3 will investigate and develop techniques to 1) map the simulated world to the real world, 2) connect simulated robots with real robots being developed in other INSPIRE projects, and 3) investigate and develop algorithms, protocols, and autonomy for …

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Final Report - Developing A Robotic Simulator And Video Games For Professional And Public Training, Sushil J. Louis Oct 2022

Final Report - Developing A Robotic Simulator And Video Games For Professional And Public Training, Sushil J. Louis

Project WD-2

This project developed a simulation training software for operators to monitor and supervise autonomous robots when inspecting steel truss bridges. Since the software abstracts the command and situation visualization interface when dealing with simulated inspection robots and bridge, the same software can be connected to physical robots to control and monitor physical robots during bridge inspection. Version 1 of Simulation Training and Control (STACS) was developed and tested with two virtual bridges and one virtual climbing robot for steel truss member inspection and one virtual flying UAV for visual inspection. This version of STACS also prototyped and tested a Robot …

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Film-Terminated Fibrillar Microstructures With Improved Adhesion On Skin-Like Surfaces, Gabriela Moreira Lana, Xuan Zhang, Christian Müller, René Hensel, Eduard Arzt Oct 2022

Film-Terminated Fibrillar Microstructures With Improved Adhesion On Skin-Like Surfaces, Gabriela Moreira Lana, Xuan Zhang, Christian Müller, René Hensel, Eduard Arzt

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Adhesives for interaction with human skin and tissues are needed for multiple applications. Micropatterned dry adhesives are potential candidates, allowing for a conformal contact and glue-free adhesion based on van der Waals interactions. In this study, we investigate the superior adhesion of film-terminated fibrillar microstructures (fibril diameter, 60 μm; aspect ratio, 3) in contact with surfaces of skin-like roughness (Rz 50 μm). Adhesion decays only moderately with increasing roughness, in contrast to unstructured samples. Sinusoidal model surfaces adhere when their wavelengths exceed about four fibril diameters. The film-terminated microstructure exhibits a saturation of the compressive force during application, implying a …

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Optimization Of Mixture Parameter For Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Reactive Powder Concrete Under External Sulfate Attack Using Taguchi Method, Umut Bakhbergen, Chang Seon Shon, Dichuan Zhang, Jong Ryeol Kim, Jenny Liu Oct 2022

Optimization Of Mixture Parameter For Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Reactive Powder Concrete Under External Sulfate Attack Using Taguchi Method, Umut Bakhbergen, Chang Seon Shon, Dichuan Zhang, Jong Ryeol Kim, Jenny Liu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Reactive powder concrete (RPC) is defined as a cementitious composite material with an optimized size of granular constituents, very low water-to-binder ratio (w/b), pozzolanic materials like silica fume (SF), and discontinuous fiber reinforcement. RPC applications include bridge decks and girders, seismic columns, wind turbine towers, and pile foundations. Especially, a durable and robust RPC pile foundation with long service life is essential in building construction because continuous maintenance is impossible. Moreover, natural in-situ conditions such as water table, temperature, and sulfate concentration in soil to which the pile foundation is exposed are critical and related to deteriorating the pile foundation. …

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Predicting Guiding Entities For Entity Aspect Linking, Shubham Chatterjee, Laura Dietz Oct 2022

Predicting Guiding Entities For Entity Aspect Linking, Shubham Chatterjee, Laura Dietz

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Entity linking can disambiguate mentions of an entity in text. However, there are many different aspects of an entity that could be discussed but are not differentiable by entity links, for example, the entity "oyster" in the context of "food" or "ecosystems". Entity aspect linking provides such fine-grained explicit semantics for entity links by identifying the most relevant aspect of an entity in the given context. We propose a novel entity aspect linking approach that outperforms several neural and non-neural baselines on a large-scale entity aspect linking test collection. Our approach uses a supervised neural entity ranking system to predict …

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Upcycling Steel Slag In Producing Eco-Efficient Iron–Calcium Phosphate Cement, Yue Ma, Yunlong Luo, Hongyan Ma, Xintao Zhou, Zhongqiu Luo Oct 2022

Upcycling Steel Slag In Producing Eco-Efficient Iron–Calcium Phosphate Cement, Yue Ma, Yunlong Luo, Hongyan Ma, Xintao Zhou, Zhongqiu Luo

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the present study, steel slag powder (SSP) was utilized as the raw material to prepare iron-calcium phosphate cement (ICPC) by reacting with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP). The influences of the raw materials (SSP/ADP) mass ratios ranging from 2.0 to 7.0 on the properties and microstructures of ICPC pastes were investigated. The compressive strengths of ICPC pastes at all ages firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of SSP/ADP, and the SSP/ADP of 6.0 gave the highest strength. Crystalline mundrabillaite and amorphous phases [i.e. Fe(OH)3, Al(OH)3 and H4SiO4] were formed as the …

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Local Structure In High-Entropy Transition Metal Diborides, Mattia Gaboardi, Frederic Monteverde, Federico Saraga, Giuliana Aquilanti, Lun Feng, William Fahrenholtz, Gregory Hilmas Oct 2022

Local Structure In High-Entropy Transition Metal Diborides, Mattia Gaboardi, Frederic Monteverde, Federico Saraga, Giuliana Aquilanti, Lun Feng, William Fahrenholtz, Gregory Hilmas

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Studies on high-entropy materials often speculate about the effects of lattice distortion and disorder on characteristics such as hardness, thermal expansion, and electronic properties. Notwithstanding the ongoing race to discover new compositions, investigations of the local structure at the atomic level remain sparse at best. Additionally, assessments of the homogeneity of the distribution of metals within the lattice sites are often restricted to techniques such as energy dispersive spectroscopy which might lead to an inaccurate picture of the bulk material. Herein, we report an extensive and systematic study of a class of emerging high-entropy ceramics that uses a combination of …

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Origin Of The Second-Order Proton Catalysis Of Ferriin Reduction In Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reactions: Density Functional Studies Of Ferroin And Ferriin Aggregates With Outer Sphere Ligands Sulfate, Bisulfate, And Sulfuric Acid, Sara C. Mccauley, Rainer Glaser Oct 2022

Origin Of The Second-Order Proton Catalysis Of Ferriin Reduction In Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reactions: Density Functional Studies Of Ferroin And Ferriin Aggregates With Outer Sphere Ligands Sulfate, Bisulfate, And Sulfuric Acid, Sara C. Mccauley, Rainer Glaser

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The detailed mechanisms of Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillating reactions continue to present grand challenges, even after half a century of study. The origin of the pH dependence of the oscillation pattern had never been rigorously identified. In our recent kinetic study of one of the key Belousov-Zhabotinsky reactions, the iron-catalyzed bromate oxidation of malonic acid, compelling agreement between experiments and kinetic simulations was achieved only with the inclusion of second-order proton catalysis of the reduction of the [Fe(phen)3]3+ species. After exhausting all other avenues in search of an explanation of this proton catalysis, we considered the possibility that the …

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Connecting Phenotype To Genotype: Phewas-Inspired Analysis Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, John Matta, Daniel Dobrino, Dacosta Yeboah, Swade Howard, Yasser El-Manzalawy, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi Oct 2022

Connecting Phenotype To Genotype: Phewas-Inspired Analysis Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, John Matta, Daniel Dobrino, Dacosta Yeboah, Swade Howard, Yasser El-Manzalawy, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is extremely heterogeneous clinically and genetically. There is a pressing need for a better understanding of the heterogeneity of ASD based on scientifically rigorous approaches centered on systematic evaluation of the clinical and research utility of both phenotype and genotype markers. This paper presents a holistic PheWAS-inspired method to identify meaningful associations between ASD phenotypes and genotypes. We generate two types of phenotype-phenotype (p-p) graphs: a direct graph that utilizes only phenotype data, and an indirect graph that incorporates genotype as well as phenotype data. We introduce a novel methodology for fusing the direct and indirect …

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Coherent Enhancement Of Optical Remission In Diffusive Media, Nicholas Bender, Arthur Goetschy, Chia Wei Hsu, Hasan Yılmaz, Pablo Jara Palacios, Alexey Yamilov, Hui Cao Oct 2022

Coherent Enhancement Of Optical Remission In Diffusive Media, Nicholas Bender, Arthur Goetschy, Chia Wei Hsu, Hasan Yılmaz, Pablo Jara Palacios, Alexey Yamilov, Hui Cao

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Remitted waves are used for sensing and imaging in diverse diffusive media from the Earth's crust to the human brain. Separating the source and detector increases the penetration depth of light, but the signal strength decreases rapidly, leading to a poor signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we show, experimentally and numerically, that wavefront shaping a laser beam incident on a diffusive sample enables an enhancement of remission by an order of magnitude at depths of up to 10 transport mean free paths. We develop a theoretical model which predicts the maximal remission enhancement. Our analysis reveals a significant improvement in the sensitivity …

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High-Sensitivity Optical Fiber Sensing Based On A Computational And Distributed Vernier Effect, Chen Zhu, Jie Huang Oct 2022

High-Sensitivity Optical Fiber Sensing Based On A Computational And Distributed Vernier Effect, Chen Zhu, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article reports a novel concept of computational microwave photonics and distributed Vernier effect for sensitivity enhancement in a distributed optical fiber sensor based on an optical carrier microwave interferometry (OCMI) system. The sensor system includes a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) array formed by cascaded fiber in-line reflectors. Using OCMI interrogation, information on each of the interferometers (i.e., sensing interferometers) can be obtained, from which an array of reference interferometers can be constructed accordingly. By superimposing the interferograms of each sensing interferometer and its corresponding reference interferometer, distributed Vernier effect can be generated, so that the measurement sensitivity of each of …

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Channeling Experience: Reflections On Developing A Technical Communication Youtube Channel, Daniel Liddle, Victoria Braegger, Allison Durazzi, Yoonji Kim, Elena Kalodner-Martin, Jacob Richter Oct 2022

Channeling Experience: Reflections On Developing A Technical Communication Youtube Channel, Daniel Liddle, Victoria Braegger, Allison Durazzi, Yoonji Kim, Elena Kalodner-Martin, Jacob Richter

English and Technical Communication Faculty Research & Creative Works

This experience report shares reflections and observations from launching a YouTube channel dedicated to broadcasting research in technical and professional communication to a wide public audience. Authors note the importance and potential for such work to amplify scholars from marginalized communities, to publicly showcase the value of TPC scholarship, and to reach new non-academic audiences with TPC research. The authors also note the challenges of such work, describing the difficulty of developing a content strategy for public academic work on YouTube beyond the role already fulfilled by podcasts.

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Prototype Catalytic Membrane Reactor For Dimethyl Ether Synthesis Via Co2hydrogenation, Qiaobei Dong, Weiwei L. Xu, Xiao Fan, Huazheng Li, Naomi Klinghoffer, Travis Pyrzynski, Howard S. Meyer, Xinhua Liang, Miao Yu, Shiguang Li Oct 2022

Prototype Catalytic Membrane Reactor For Dimethyl Ether Synthesis Via Co2hydrogenation, Qiaobei Dong, Weiwei L. Xu, Xiao Fan, Huazheng Li, Naomi Klinghoffer, Travis Pyrzynski, Howard S. Meyer, Xinhua Liang, Miao Yu, Shiguang Li

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Dimethyl ether (DME) has become attractive as a potential environmentally friendly substitute for diesel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) due to its similar properties to those of LPG, high cetane number, but less carbon emissions. In this work, we developed a novel prototype-scale catalytic membrane reactor to synthesize DME directly from CO2and renewable H2, which could address the environmental and fuel security issues in a cost-effective way. This membrane reactor was equipped with superior hydrophilic NaA zeolite membranes and bifunctional Cu-ZnO-ZrO2-Al2O3/HZSM-5 catalysts. The effects of the reaction temperature and gas …

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Homogenous Flow Performance Of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Self-Consolidating Concrete For Repair Applications: Developing A New Empirical Set-Up, Naimeh Nouri, Masoud Hosseinpoor, Ammar Yahia, Kamal Khayat Oct 2022

Homogenous Flow Performance Of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Self-Consolidating Concrete For Repair Applications: Developing A New Empirical Set-Up, Naimeh Nouri, Masoud Hosseinpoor, Ammar Yahia, Kamal Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this study, a new empirical Square-Box test was employed to evaluate the homogeneous flow performance of fiber-reinforced self-consolidating concrete (FR-SCC) under confined-flow conditions that are typical of repair applications. The Square-Box set-up consisted of a closed-circuit box, providing 2.4-m flow distance and a closed-surface cross section of 100-mm width and 200-mm height, equipped with 0 and 4 rows of reinforcing bar grids with 45-mm clear spacing. The flow performance was assessed in terms of dynamic stability and passing ability. The investigated mixtures were considered as diphasic suspensions of fiber-coarse aggregate (F-A > 5 mm) in suspending mortars containing particles finer …

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Mantle Dynamics Of The North China Craton: New Insights From Mantle Transition Zone Imaging Constrained By P-To-S Receiver Functions, Lin Liu, Stephen S. Gao, Kelly H. Liu, William L. Griffin, Sanzhong Li, Siyou Tong, Jieyuan Ning Oct 2022

Mantle Dynamics Of The North China Craton: New Insights From Mantle Transition Zone Imaging Constrained By P-To-S Receiver Functions, Lin Liu, Stephen S. Gao, Kelly H. Liu, William L. Griffin, Sanzhong Li, Siyou Tong, Jieyuan Ning

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cratons are generally defined as stable continental blocks with a strong cratonic root that typically is at least ∼200 km thick. Many cratons have undergone little internal tectonism and destruction since their formation, but some of them, such as the eastern part of the North China Craton (NCC), the Dharwar Craton and the Wyoming Craton, have lost their thick cratonic root and become reactivated in recent geological history, leading to widespread Meso-Cenozoic volcanisms. The mechanisms responsible for such decratonization remain debated. To provide new constraints on models leading to decratonization, in this study we stack 612 854 source-normalized P-to-S conversions …

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Reinforcement Of The Plasmon–Phonon Coupling In Α-Quartz Via Deposition Of Gold Nanoparticles In Etched Ion Tracks, Maria C. Garcia Toro, Miguel L. Crespillo, Jose Olivares, Joseph T. Graham Oct 2022

Reinforcement Of The Plasmon–Phonon Coupling In Α-Quartz Via Deposition Of Gold Nanoparticles In Etched Ion Tracks, Maria C. Garcia Toro, Miguel L. Crespillo, Jose Olivares, Joseph T. Graham

Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study reports a large reinforcement of the plasmon–phonon coupling in alpha quartz achieved through the controlled deposition of gold nanoparticles into nano templates produced through chemical etching of ion tracks. Preferential agglomeration of nanoparticles within the etched ion tracks (nano wells) was observed in Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy images. Raman characterization of quartz substrates with different nanoparticle concentrations revealed a relationship between the plasmon–phonon coupling intensity and nanoparticle concentration. Reinforcement of the plasmon–phonon coupling was observed as an increase in the Raman intensity with increasing concentration of deposited nanoparticles. The intensity initially increased linearly with nanoparticle …

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Efficient Data Collection In Iot Networks Using Trajectory Encoded With Geometric Shapes, Xiaofei Cao, Sanjay Kumar Madria Oct 2022

Efficient Data Collection In Iot Networks Using Trajectory Encoded With Geometric Shapes, Xiaofei Cao, Sanjay Kumar Madria

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The mobile edge computing (MEC) paradigm changes the role of edge devices from data producers and requesters to data consumers and processors. MEC mitigates the bandwidth limitation between the edge server and the remote cloud by directly processing the large amount of data locally generated by the network of the internet of things (IoT) at the edge. An efficient data-gathering scheme is crucial for providing quality of service (QoS) within MEC. To reduce redundant data transmission, this paper proposes a data collection scheme that only gathers the necessary data from IoT devices (like wireless sensors) along a trajectory. Instead of …

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Teaching Energy Economics In The Gcc: A Synergistic Approach Between Engineering And Economics, Yishu Zhou, Joseph D. Smith, Gregory M. Gelles Oct 2022

Teaching Energy Economics In The Gcc: A Synergistic Approach Between Engineering And Economics, Yishu Zhou, Joseph D. Smith, Gregory M. Gelles

Economics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Issues related to safe and abundant energy production have been prominent in recent years. This is particularly true when society considers how to increase the quality of life by providing low-cost energy to citizens. A significant concern of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) relates to the environmental effects of energy production and energy use associated with climate change. Efforts to reduce fossil fuel use and increase the use of renewable energy, together with the price volatility of fossil fuels, have seriously impacted the economics of many oil-producing countries, particularly the Gulf States, which has led to efforts to make their …

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A Novel Bayesian Framework Infers Driver Activation States And Reveals Pathway-Oriented Molecular Subtypes In Head And Neck Cancer, Zhengping Liu, Chunhui Cai, Xiaojun Ma, Jinling Liu, Lujia Chen, Vivian Wai Yan Lui, Gregory F. Cooper, Xinghua Lu Oct 2022

A Novel Bayesian Framework Infers Driver Activation States And Reveals Pathway-Oriented Molecular Subtypes In Head And Neck Cancer, Zhengping Liu, Chunhui Cai, Xiaojun Ma, Jinling Liu, Lujia Chen, Vivian Wai Yan Lui, Gregory F. Cooper, Xinghua Lu

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer resulting from heterogeneous causes. To reveal the underlying drivers and signaling mechanisms of different HNSCC tumors, we developed a novel Bayesian framework to identify drivers of individual tumors and infer the states of driver proteins in cellular signaling system in HNSCC tumors. First, we systematically identify causal relationships between somatic genome alterations (SGAs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for each TCGA HNSCC tumor using the tumor-specific causal inference (TCI) model. Then, we generalize the most statistically significant driver SGAs and their regulated DEGs in TCGA HNSCC cohort. Finally, we …

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An Energy Efficient Smart Metering System Using Edge Computing In Lora Network, Preti Kumari, Rahul Mishra, Hari Prabhat Gupta, Tanima Dutta, Sajal K. Das Oct 2022

An Energy Efficient Smart Metering System Using Edge Computing In Lora Network, Preti Kumari, Rahul Mishra, Hari Prabhat Gupta, Tanima Dutta, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

An important research issue in smart metering is to correctly transfer the smart meter readings from consumers to the operator within the given time period by consuming minimum energy. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient smart metering system using Edge computing in Long Range (LoRa). We assume that all appliances in a house are connected to a smart meter that is affixed with Edge device and LoRa node for processing and transferring the processed smart meter readings, respectively. The energy consumption of the appliances can be represented as an energy multivariate time series. The system first proposes a …

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Synergistic Effect Of Shrinkage Mitigating Materials On Rheological Properties Of Flowable And Thixotropic Cement Paste, Kamran Aghaee, Ricarda Sposito, Kamal Khayat Oct 2022

Synergistic Effect Of Shrinkage Mitigating Materials On Rheological Properties Of Flowable And Thixotropic Cement Paste, Kamran Aghaee, Ricarda Sposito, Kamal Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study investigates the effect of individual and combined additions of CaO-based expansive agent (EA), shrinkage reducing admixture (SRA), and super absorbent polymer (SAP) on key characteristics of flowable cement paste mixtures proportioned with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.40. Of special interest is the effectiveness of these admixtures to mitigate shrinkage of cementitious materials for 3D printing. Static and dynamic yield stress, plastic and apparent viscosities, and thixotropy were evaluated at 20-min intervals up to 90 min. Compressive strength development and autogenous shrinkage were also determined. A factorial design approach was developed to evaluate the synergetic effects of the shrinkage …

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Spiral Deployment Of Optical Fiber Sensors For Distributed Strain Measurement In Seven-Wire Twisted Steel Cables, Post-Tensioned Against Precast Concrete Bars, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen Oct 2022

Spiral Deployment Of Optical Fiber Sensors For Distributed Strain Measurement In Seven-Wire Twisted Steel Cables, Post-Tensioned Against Precast Concrete Bars, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

On-time monitoring and condition assessments of steel cables provide mission-critical data for informed decision making, ensuring the structural safety of post-tensioned concrete structures. This study aimed to develop a spiral deployment scheme of distributed fiber optic sensors (DFOS) and to monitor/assess the post-tensioned force in seven-wire twisted steel cables, based on the pulse-pre-pump Brillouin optical time domain analysis. Each DFOS was placed in a spiral shape between two surface wires of a steel cable and glued to the steel cable by epoxy. Image observations were conducted to investigate the entireness and bonding condition between the optical fiber and the steel …

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Hanford Low-Activity Waste Glass Composition-Temperature-Melt Viscosity Relationships, Alejandro Heredia-Langner, Vivianaluxa Gervasio, Scott K. Cooley, Charmayne E. Lonergan, Dong Sang Kim, Albert A. Kruger, John D. Vienna Oct 2022

Hanford Low-Activity Waste Glass Composition-Temperature-Melt Viscosity Relationships, Alejandro Heredia-Langner, Vivianaluxa Gervasio, Scott K. Cooley, Charmayne E. Lonergan, Dong Sang Kim, Albert A. Kruger, John D. Vienna

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study developed a model for predicting viscosity of alkali-alumino-borosilicate glass melts as functions of composition and temperature. The model is based on a total of 3935 viscosity-temperature data from 574 glasses with viscosity values ranging from 2.53 to 7260 Poise (P) in the temperature range of 900–1260°C. Several different model forms were surveyed, including those based on Arrhenius, Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann, Avramov-Milchev, and Mauro-Yue-Ellison-Gupta-Allen. For each of these models, combinations of the temperature-independent parameters were fitted to composition. It was found that generally fitting more than one temperature-independent parameter as functions of composition resulted in overfitting. The Avramov-Milchev-based model was found …

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Mechanical Behavior Of Single-Flawed Cylindrical Specimens Subjected To Axial Loading: A Numerical Investigation, Mostafa Asadizadeh, Saeed Khosravi, Javad Karimi, Taghi Sherizadeh, Sanaz Vajedian, Mohammad Farouq Hossaini Oct 2022

Mechanical Behavior Of Single-Flawed Cylindrical Specimens Subjected To Axial Loading: A Numerical Investigation, Mostafa Asadizadeh, Saeed Khosravi, Javad Karimi, Taghi Sherizadeh, Sanaz Vajedian, Mohammad Farouq Hossaini

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Discontinuities are inherent components of rock masses and can range from fissures to large faults. Single fissures, the so-called flaws, may affect the mechanical behavior of rock mass, crack initiation, and propagation. In this paper, numerical investigations have been conducted on central-flawed cylindrical specimens subjected to axial loading to investigate the effect of flaw angle (α), length (2a), and aperture (A) on their mechanical behavior and crack development. Particle Flow Code (PFC3D) was adopted to investigate the cracking process of the cylindrical specimens and maximum principal stresses at flaw tips. The numerical models are calibrated and verified using extensive experimental …

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Fusion Welding Of Refractory Metals And Zrb2-Sic-Zrc Ceramics, Jecee D. Jarman, William Fahrenholtz, Greg Hilmas, Jeremy Lee Watts, Tieshu Huang Oct 2022

Fusion Welding Of Refractory Metals And Zrb2-Sic-Zrc Ceramics, Jecee D. Jarman, William Fahrenholtz, Greg Hilmas, Jeremy Lee Watts, Tieshu Huang

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Molybdenum and a molybdenum alloy were fusion welded to ZrB2-based ceramics to determine if the electrical and thermal properties of the metals and ceramics affected their weldability. Commercial ceramic powders were hot pressed, machined into coupons, and preheated to 1600 °C before joining the ceramics to commercial metals using plasma arc welding. Weldability varied as indicated by the range of porosity observed within the fusion zones. Measured thermal and electrical properties appeared to have little to no effect on the weldability of metal-ceramic welds despite the large range of values measured across each property. Differences in melting temperatures between metal …

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