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Synthesis Of Nickel Nanoparticles By Gamma Irradiation And Femtosecond Laser Ablation, V. M. Rao, Y. Han, H. Tsai, C. H.C. Giraldo, T. Akyurek Jan 2026

Synthesis Of Nickel Nanoparticles By Gamma Irradiation And Femtosecond Laser Ablation, V. M. Rao, Y. Han, H. Tsai, C. H.C. Giraldo, T. Akyurek

Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Nickel nanoparticles were synthesized by (i) gamma irradiation of aqueous nickel chloride precursors and (ii) double scan femtosecond laser (FSL) ablation of a pure nickel foil in water. The nanoparticles produced by FSL ablation were further stabilized in acetone. Gamma radiolysis yielded nickel nanoparticles in the 2–22 nm range, with the average particle diameter governed by the total absorbed dose. Nickel nanoparticles produced by double scan FSL ablation were in the 2–17 nm range but less monodispersed than the nanoparticles produced via gamma radiolysis. FSL ablation proved to be superior in terms of yielding a higher number of smaller nanoparticles …

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Injectable Borate/Borosilicate Bioactive Glass Systems For The Regeneration Of Hard Tissue – A Critical Review Of The Literature, S. Sina Mohammadi, Sunjeev S. Phull, Ryan J. Gilbert, Mark R. Towler Jan 2026

Injectable Borate/Borosilicate Bioactive Glass Systems For The Regeneration Of Hard Tissue – A Critical Review Of The Literature, S. Sina Mohammadi, Sunjeev S. Phull, Ryan J. Gilbert, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Bone defects caused by trauma, infection, or tumor resection remain difficult to treat because successful repair requires both structural restoration and control of the local pathological microenvironment. Osteolysis, defined as pathological bone resorption, is central to many of these conditions and is commonly driven by excessive osteoclast activity. Clinically translated injectable products such as NovaBone® Putty demonstrate the value of moldable bioactiveglass grafts for defect filling; however, conventional silicate bioactive glasses are permanent and provide limited therapeutic ion release. This limitation has motivated the development of injectable borate bioactive glass (B-BGs) and injectable borosilicate bioactive glass (BS-BG) systems as more …

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Effect Of Complex Alloying Elements On Oxide Scale Formation And Water-Jet Descaling Performance On Continuously Cast Low-Carbon Steels, Tochukwu P. Ojiako, Tsvetkov Dmitry, Mario Buchely, Haiming Wen, Simon N. Lekakh, Ronald J. O'Malley Jan 2026

Effect Of Complex Alloying Elements On Oxide Scale Formation And Water-Jet Descaling Performance On Continuously Cast Low-Carbon Steels, Tochukwu P. Ojiako, Tsvetkov Dmitry, Mario Buchely, Haiming Wen, Simon N. Lekakh, Ronald J. O'Malley

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The formation and evolution of oxide scale in contact with mold flux during continuous casting, subsequent reheating, and hydraulic descaling are strongly governed by steel chemistry. To elucidate the effect of complex alloying elements (Si, Mn, and Cr), two industrially produced continuously cast low-carbon steel grades for manufacturing stamped parts (a base and alloyed steel grade) were investigated. The objective was to determine how alloying elements influence oxidation behavior, scale morphology, interfacial adhesion, and water-jet descaling efficiency. Continuously cast slab specimens were subjected to controlled thermal and atmospheric oxidation cycles simulating multistage industrial practice. Three initial surface conditions (industrial as-cast, …

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Real-Time Likelihood Map Generation To Localize Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Transients, Jeremy Buhler, Marion Sudvarg Dec 2025

Real-Time Likelihood Map Generation To Localize Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Transients, Jeremy Buhler, Marion Sudvarg

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

High-energy transient astrophysical phenomena, such as supernovae and binary neutron star mergers, benefit from a multi-wavelength investigation in which a space- or balloon-based omnidirectional telescope detects and localizes early high-energy emissions (such as a gamma-ray burst), then alerts a narrow-field follow-up instrument to observe the source. The high-energy telescope must provide a map that assigns to each sky location a likelihood that the source appears there. To issue prompt alerts despite limits on communication bandwidth and latency, it is desirable to compute this map aboard the high-energy telescope, but doing so requires rapid response while computing under stringent size, weight, …

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Instrument Response Functions Of The Antarctic Demonstrator For The Advanced Particle-Astrophysics Telescope (Adapt), Wenlei Chen, James H. Buckley, Marion Sudvarg Dec 2025

Instrument Response Functions Of The Antarctic Demonstrator For The Advanced Particle-Astrophysics Telescope (Adapt), Wenlei Chen, James H. Buckley, Marion Sudvarg

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Antarctic Demonstrator for the Advanced Particle-astrophysics Telescope (ADAPT) gamma-ray/cosmic-ray instrument serves as a precursor to the proposed APT mission. The APT mission is designed to improve sensitivity in the MeV-TeV gamma-ray range by an order of magnitude compared to current missions and is optimized for dark-matter and multimessenger research. The ADAPT instrument uses scintillating fibers for particle tracking and sodium-doped cesium iodide (CsI:Na) tiles read out with wavelength shifting (WLS) fibers for imaging, with solid-state silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for calorimetry. It includes four layers of imaging calorimeter detectors and scintillating-fiber trackers, functioning both as a Compton and Pair telescope …

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Performance Modeling And Improvements On The Grb Source Localization Streaming Pipeline Aboard The Antarctic Demonstrator For The Advanced Particle-Astrophysics Telescope (Adapt), Ye Htet, Ye Htet, Marion Sudvarg, Marion Sudvarg, Honghao Yang, Jeremy Buhler, Roger Chamberlain, Wenlei Chen, Wenlei Chen, James Buckley, Matthew Andrew, Blake Bal, Elisabetta E. Bissaldi, Richard G. Bose, Dana Braun, James H. Buckley, Jeremy Buhler, Eric Burns Dec 2025

Performance Modeling And Improvements On The Grb Source Localization Streaming Pipeline Aboard The Antarctic Demonstrator For The Advanced Particle-Astrophysics Telescope (Adapt), Ye Htet, Ye Htet, Marion Sudvarg, Marion Sudvarg, Honghao Yang, Jeremy Buhler, Roger Chamberlain, Wenlei Chen, Wenlei Chen, James Buckley, Matthew Andrew, Blake Bal, Elisabetta E. Bissaldi, Richard G. Bose, Dana Braun, James H. Buckley, Jeremy Buhler, Eric Burns

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Advanced Particle-astrophysics Telescope (APT) is a mission concept for a space-based gamma-ray telescope whose capabilities include prompt localization of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to support multi-wavelength and multi-messenger astrophysics. ADAPT — APT's balloon-borne prototype — can localize GRBs in well under a second using on-board computing hardware. ADAPT will partner with ground-based, fast-slewing optical telescopes, rapidly providing alerts that enable the partner to observe a short-duration burst within a few seconds of detection. In this work, we investigate the utility of having ADAPT issue progressively more accurate location estimates for a GRB as detected Compton events from the burst accumulate …

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Fpga-Based Data Processing Using High-Level Synthesis On The Antarctic Demonstrator For The Advanced Particle-Astrophysics Telescope (Adapt), Marion Sudvarg, Marion Sudvarg, Longhao Huang, Boran Yang, Blake Bal, Roger Chamberlain, Jeremy Buhler, Leonardo Di Venere, Leonardo Di Venere, Davide Serini, James Buckley, Matthew Andrew, Blake Bal, Elisabetta E. Bissaldi, Richard G. Bose, Dana Braun, James H. Buckley, Jeremy Buhler Dec 2025

Fpga-Based Data Processing Using High-Level Synthesis On The Antarctic Demonstrator For The Advanced Particle-Astrophysics Telescope (Adapt), Marion Sudvarg, Marion Sudvarg, Longhao Huang, Boran Yang, Blake Bal, Roger Chamberlain, Jeremy Buhler, Leonardo Di Venere, Leonardo Di Venere, Davide Serini, James Buckley, Matthew Andrew, Blake Bal, Elisabetta E. Bissaldi, Richard G. Bose, Dana Braun, James H. Buckley, Jeremy Buhler

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

FPGAs are widely deployed on high-energy astrophysics telescopes to read out sensor data from front-end electronics. To support continuous data streams or high trigger rates, FPGA logic may be employed to process raw sensor readout values, reducing the volume of data transmitted, processed, and stored by downstream CPU-based computational platforms. Across instruments, these FPGA-based processing pipelines often have similar semantics and share common stages. However, diverse telescope designs require unique implementations of the constituent algorithms, and the logic is often rewritten from scratch for a new instrument. Writing, simulating, and debugging firmware is difficult and time consuming. However, High-Level Synthesis …

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Polyminhash: Efficient Area-Based Minhashing Of Polygons For Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search, Alima Subedi, Sankalpa Pokharel, Satish Puri Dec 2025

Polyminhash: Efficient Area-Based Minhashing Of Polygons For Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search, Alima Subedi, Sankalpa Pokharel, Satish Puri

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Similarity searches are a critical task in data mining. As datasets grow larger, exact nearest neighbor searches quickly become unfeasible, leading to the adoption of approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) searches. ANN has been studied for text data, images, and trajectories. However, there has been little effort to develop ANN systems for polygons in spatial database systems and geographic information systems. We present PolyMinHash, a system for approximate polygon similarity search that adapts MinHashing into a novel 2D polygon-hashing scheme to generate short, similarity-preserving signatures of input polygons. Minhash is generated by counting the number of randomly sampled points needed before …

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Tunable Phase-Change Metasurfaces Coupled With Mid-Infrared Molecular Vibrations, Haotian Tang, Liliana Stan, David A. Czaplewski, Xiaodong Yang, Jie Gao Dec 2025

Tunable Phase-Change Metasurfaces Coupled With Mid-Infrared Molecular Vibrations, Haotian Tang, Liliana Stan, David A. Czaplewski, Xiaodong Yang, Jie Gao

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Chiral optical meta surfaces have emerged as a promising platform in coupling with molecular vibrational fingerprints through the enhanced light-matter interaction under different circularly polarized light illumination. This work reports the mode coupling between the mid-infrared phonon vibrations of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) molecules, and the thermally tunable chiral meta surfaces based on the phase-change material Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST-225). Phase-change chiral meta surfaces with high circular dichroism (CD) in absorption and tunable plasmonic resonance in the frequency range of 48-56 THz are demonstrated, which covers the phonon vibrational frequency of PMMA molecules at 52 THz. The mode splitting features are observed in …

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Accessing Cation And Anion Redox In Mixed-Valent One-Dimensional Iron-Chalcogenides, Na1.5fe1s2–Xsex(X = 0, 1, And 2), For Na-Ion Batteries, Santhoshkumar Sundaramoorthy, Milad Aghayi-Anaraki, Sutapa Bhattacharya, Amitava Choudhury Dec 2025

Accessing Cation And Anion Redox In Mixed-Valent One-Dimensional Iron-Chalcogenides, Na1.5fe1s2–Xsex(X = 0, 1, And 2), For Na-Ion Batteries, Santhoshkumar Sundaramoorthy, Milad Aghayi-Anaraki, Sutapa Bhattacharya, Amitava Choudhury

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) have attracted considerable attention as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), owing to the abundance and low cost of sodium resources. Here, we investigate previously reported mixed-valent (Fe3+/2+) one-dimensional (1D) iron chalcogenides: Na1.5FeS2, its selenide analogue Na1.5FeSe2, and newly developed solid solution Na1.5FeSSe, focusing on their synthesis, structural characterization, and electrochemical performance in NIBs. While the full Fe2+sulfide version (NaFeS2) of the compound is explored in solid-state cells for its dual cation–anion redox mechanism, we reveal the effect of anion substitution on the electrochemical behavior of Na1.5FeS2–xSex(x = 0, 1, …

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Engineered Multifunctional Drug-Loaded Dendrimer Nanoparticles For Glaucoma: Triple Mechanism Via Antioxidant Activity, Iron Chelation, And Enhanced Ocular Transport, Burhan Ates, Ashish Trital, Vimalin Jeyalatha Mani, Lei Xu, Jonathan Kenlee, Nuran Ercal, Hu Yang Dec 2025

Engineered Multifunctional Drug-Loaded Dendrimer Nanoparticles For Glaucoma: Triple Mechanism Via Antioxidant Activity, Iron Chelation, And Enhanced Ocular Transport, Burhan Ates, Ashish Trital, Vimalin Jeyalatha Mani, Lei Xu, Jonathan Kenlee, Nuran Ercal, Hu Yang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this study, we developed multifunctional nanoparticles based on polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers functionalized with caffeic acid (CA) and poly (ethylene glycol) maleimide (PEGM) for the topical delivery of hydrophobic antiglaucoma drugs brimonidine (BM) and betaxolol (BX). The PAMAM-CA and PAMAM-CA-PEGM conjugates exhibited antioxidant and iron-chelating activities in a dose-dependent manner. BM- and BX-loaded dendrimer nanoparticles produced using a multi-inlet vortex mixer showed uniform spherical morphology (∼80 nm by TEM) and hydrated sizes of ∼135-144 nm by DLS. Both nano formulations demonstrated high cytocompatibility with human corneal epithelial cells and were nonirritant in the HET-CAM assay, with PEGM further improving cytocompatibility. …

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Using Insecticidal Compounds To Elucidate The Potential Role Of Neurotransmitters In Lepidoptera Pupal Ecdysis, Niranjana Krishnan, Cassandra Gorman, Jillian Stewart, Steven Bradbury, Russell Jurenka Dec 2025

Using Insecticidal Compounds To Elucidate The Potential Role Of Neurotransmitters In Lepidoptera Pupal Ecdysis, Niranjana Krishnan, Cassandra Gorman, Jillian Stewart, Steven Bradbury, Russell Jurenka

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Previously, we reported final-instar lepidopteran larvae exposed to low doses of imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam had arrest in pupal ecdysis, which is a novel adverse outcome for neonicotinoid insecticides. Since neonicotinoids disrupt acetylcholine signaling, we hypothesized that the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine plays a critical role in regulation of pupal ecdysis, likely by modulating the release of peptides from crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) neurons. In this paper, using two lepidopteran species, we undertook studies with five additional nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists and three muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonists to hypothesize the putative nAChR subunits that mediate pupal ecdysis. We also …

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Early Career Setback And Future Achievement In Professional Sports, Suman Kalyan Maity, Yang Wang, Nima Dehmamy, Victoria Medvec, Brian Uzzi, Dashun Wang Dec 2025

Early Career Setback And Future Achievement In Professional Sports, Suman Kalyan Maity, Yang Wang, Nima Dehmamy, Victoria Medvec, Brian Uzzi, Dashun Wang

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

A central tenet of human performance posits that past success is a key predictor of future outcomes. This principle underpins selection processes in various human endeavors, shaping opportunity, wage, and winner-take-all inequalities. Here we systematically examine the future performance of previous winners and non-winners across two sports contexts using two different empirical strategies. First, we track young athletes participating in world-class track and field competitions and compare the future performance of bronze medalists to those finishing just shy of the podium. Next, we study a novel natural experiment in tennis, where we compare future performances of 'lucky losers'—players who advanced …

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Bond Behavior Of Full-Scale Beams Using Sustainable Self-Compacting Concrete, Hayder H. Alghazali, Atheer H.M. Algburi, John J. Myers Dec 2025

Bond Behavior Of Full-Scale Beams Using Sustainable Self-Compacting Concrete, Hayder H. Alghazali, Atheer H.M. Algburi, John J. Myers

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Sustainable concrete is a step towards greener and more eco-friendly concrete construction practices, helping to solve global environmental problems. The present study focuses on the bond behavior between steel reinforcement and greener self-compacting concrete, specifically sustainable self-compacting concrete (SUS-SCC). Three SUS-SCC mixtures with different fly ash (FA) to cement replacement levels of [50, 60, and 70% (by mass)] were developed. Twelve full-scale SUS-SCC beams with a cross-section of (305 x 57) mm and a total length of 3048 mm were cast and tested using a four-point load test setup. The effect of longitudinal and lateral steel reinforcement ratios in the …

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Resolving The Energy Efficiency Paradox: Leveraging Benefits For Saudi Arabia’S Building Sector, Fateh Belaïd, Mahelet G. Fikru Dec 2025

Resolving The Energy Efficiency Paradox: Leveraging Benefits For Saudi Arabia’S Building Sector, Fateh Belaïd, Mahelet G. Fikru

Economics Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article examines the economics of energy efficiency in Saudi Arabia's building sector, centering on the "energy efficiency paradox," the observed under adoption of cost-effective technologies despite their clear benefits—such as reducing energy use and associated emissions. We show that a mix of market barriers and behavioral biases—including split incentives, informational gaps, and the value-action gap—constrains adoption of energy-efficient solutions. Recent modeling suggests that improved air-conditioning labels could save up to 80 TWh of electricity annually, though rebound effects may erode some of these gains. Our analysis shows that tackling market failures is necessary but not enough. Strong building codes …

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Nonlinear Flow Structures From The Interaction Of Internal Waves With Topography, Matthew R. Klema, S. Karan Venayagamoorthy Dec 2025

Nonlinear Flow Structures From The Interaction Of Internal Waves With Topography, Matthew R. Klema, S. Karan Venayagamoorthy

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents numerical simulations of the interaction of first-mode internal waves with a topographic edge at the intermediate scale, O (100) m, with a focus on the evolution of flow structures. Flow structure variation and evolution is explored through direct modifications to the amplitude of the internal wave interacting with topographic features of varying wave-topographic slope (g/s), height of the topography to the total domain depth (ht/d), and the wave Froude number (Fr = U0/cph), where g is the internal wave slope, s is the topographic slope, ht is the height of the topography, d is the simulation depth, …

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Identifying Influential Assets In Higher Order Interdependent Infrastructure Networks Through Population Impact, Akshat Chulahwat, Emad M. Hassan, Mersedeh Tariverdi, Miguel Nunez-Del-Prado, Hussam Mahmoud Dec 2025

Identifying Influential Assets In Higher Order Interdependent Infrastructure Networks Through Population Impact, Akshat Chulahwat, Emad M. Hassan, Mersedeh Tariverdi, Miguel Nunez-Del-Prado, Hussam Mahmoud

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A significant increase in catastrophic events worldwide has had a disastrous impact on the built environment, as these disruptive events devastate critical infrastructure lifelines, resulting in a substantial reduction of services across a community. Management of critical infrastructure assets is essential, and this can be achieved by optimal resource allocation to key assets within interconnected systems. The majority of current literature focuses on capturing the behavior of infrastructure systems individually, which presents a computational problem when dealing with complex, interdependent infrastructure systems. In this study, a comprehensive framework to evaluate a type of influence metric for ranking node and edge …

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Wacsaw: An Adaptive, Statistical Method To Classify Movement Into Sleep And Wakefulness States, Austin Vandegriffe, V. A. Samaranayake, Matthew S. Thimgan Dec 2025

Wacsaw: An Adaptive, Statistical Method To Classify Movement Into Sleep And Wakefulness States, Austin Vandegriffe, V. A. Samaranayake, Matthew S. Thimgan

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Wearable actimeters can improve our understanding of sleep in the natural environments. Current algorithms may produce inaccuracies in specific individuals and circumstances, such as quiet wakefulness. New hardware allows data collection at higher frequencies enabling sophisticated analytical methods. We have developed a novel statistical algorithm, the Wasserstein Algorithm for Classifying Sleep and Wakefulness (WACSAW), to identify behavioral states from recordings of everyday movement. WACSAW employs optimal transport techniques to identify segments with differing activity variability. Functions characterizing the segments' movement distributions were clustered into two groups using a k-nearest neighbors and labeled as sleep or wake based on their proximity …

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Friction And Texture Evaluation Of Asphalt-Based Binders As Alternatives To Epoxy-Based High-Friction Surface Treatments, Alireza Roshan, Magdy Abdelrahman Dec 2025

Friction And Texture Evaluation Of Asphalt-Based Binders As Alternatives To Epoxy-Based High-Friction Surface Treatments, Alireza Roshan, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

High-friction surface treatment (HFST) is a safety-focused pavement treatment that restores and maintains pavement friction to reduce road accidents. Traditional epoxy-based HFSTs, while widely used, face challenges such as high costs, potential compatibility issues with the substrate pavement, and long-term durability under specific conditions. This study investigates asphalt-based alternative HFST, which is compatible with various pavement types and cost-effective and versatile solutions for a wider range of pavement applications. Performance and friction testing, including the British pendulum test, British wheel test, and dynamic friction test, were performed to examine the coefficient of friction (COF) before and after polishing with a …

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Bone Void Filler Materials For Augmentation In Comminuted Fractures: A Comprehensive Review, S. Sina Mohammadi, Sunjeev S. Phull, B. Sonny Bal, Mark R. Towler Dec 2025

Bone Void Filler Materials For Augmentation In Comminuted Fractures: A Comprehensive Review, S. Sina Mohammadi, Sunjeev S. Phull, B. Sonny Bal, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Comminuted fractures, characterized by multiple bone fragments, present significant challenges in orthopedic surgery. Effective treatment often requires augmentation techniques to enhance fixation stability and promote bone regeneration. This review explores the application of bone void filler materials, including autografts, allografts, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and synthetic bone substitutes such as calcium phosphate ceramics and bioactive glass, in managing comminuted fractures. Autografts are the gold standard due to their superior osteogenic potential but are limited by donor site morbidity and availability. Allografts mitigate these issues but face concerns regarding immunogenicity and reduced biological activity. PMMA, widely used for structural augmentation, provides immediate …

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Unlocking The Potential Of Copper Sulfide Tailings As A Secondary Source For Tellurium And Precious Metals: A Comprehensive Characterization Study, Fardis Nakhaei, Lana Alagha, Gary Wyss Dec 2025

Unlocking The Potential Of Copper Sulfide Tailings As A Secondary Source For Tellurium And Precious Metals: A Comprehensive Characterization Study, Fardis Nakhaei, Lana Alagha, Gary Wyss

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study investigated historical copper sulfide tailings as an unconventional source of tellurium (Te), gold (Au), and silver (Ag). Advanced analytical studies were conducted to determine the geochemical and mineralogical properties of the tailing samples. The results showed that tetradymite (Bi2Te2S) was the predominant Te-bearing mineral, while hessite (Ag2Te) was a minor Te carrier, both notably occurring within fine-grained (< 8 μm) inclusions in pyrite. Gold was present as native Au, electrum (Au-Ag), and within complex silver tellurides hosted primarily in chalcopyrite and pyrite. Froth flotation studies showed that the 180 to 38 μm size range was the optimum feed size that yielded recoveries of 59 %, 37 %, and 27 % for Te, Au, and Ag, respectively. These findings suggested that froth flotation is a feasible method for concentrating Te-Au-Ag-bearing phases. Given the strong association between Te, Au, Ag, and Cu, the co-extraction of these metals should significantly enhance the economic viability of tailings' processing.

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Tuning A Magnetic Energy Scale With Pressure And Field In Ute2, Hyunsoo Kim, I. Lin Liu, Wen Chen Lin, Yun Suk Eo, Sheng Ran, Nicholas P. Butch, Johnpierre Paglione Dec 2025

Tuning A Magnetic Energy Scale With Pressure And Field In Ute2, Hyunsoo Kim, I. Lin Liu, Wen Chen Lin, Yun Suk Eo, Sheng Ran, Nicholas P. Butch, Johnpierre Paglione

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

When a fragile ordered state is suppressed to zero temperature, a quantum phase transition occurs, which is often marked by the appearance of unconventional superconductivity. While the quantum critical point can be hidden, the influence of the quantum criticality extends to fairly high temperatures, manifesting non-Fermi liquid behavior in a wide range of the field-temperature-pressure phase space. Here, we report the tuning of a magnetic energy scale in the heavy-fermion superconductor UTe2, previously identified with a peak in the c-axis electrical transport temperature dependence, using applied hydrostatic pressures and a-axis-oriented magnetic fields as complementary (and opposing) tuning parameters: …

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Enhancing Management Of Transportation Projects: Integration Factors For Using Smart Contracts, Mariam Elazhary, Islam H. El-Adaway Dec 2025

Enhancing Management Of Transportation Projects: Integration Factors For Using Smart Contracts, Mariam Elazhary, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The US Department of Transportation (USDOT) delivers a wide range of infrastructure projects, backed by a fiscal year 2023 budget exceeding $100 billion. These projects face mounting pressures to meet performance, accountability, and delivery standards, driven by their dependence on public funding and their operational complexity. Transportation infrastructure presents sector-specific challenges - such as time-sensitive user disruptions, multiparty coordination, and asset intersection risks - that demand more robust, automated, and transparent project delivery mechanisms. Blockchain-enabled smart contracts have emerged as a promising solution to address these operational pain points through real-time automation, immutable data records, and decentralized transaction processing. However, …

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The Equity Implications Of Pecuniary Externalities On An Electric Grid, Charles Sims, Gasser G. Ali, J. Scott Holladay, Tim Roberson, Chien Fei Chen, Islam H. El-Adaway Dec 2025

The Equity Implications Of Pecuniary Externalities On An Electric Grid, Charles Sims, Gasser G. Ali, J. Scott Holladay, Tim Roberson, Chien Fei Chen, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The adoption of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems can create upward pressure on retail electricity rates as utilities are forced to spread their fixed costs of generation and transmission across a smaller customer base. Since high-income households are more likely to purchase PV systems, low-income households may be disproportionately impacted by these rate increases. Using a novel combination of agent-based computational economic modeling and a choice experiment of rooftop solar adoption, we show how this pecuniary externality between low- and high-income customers increases low-income electricity bills by 10% in an area with some of the highest poverty rates in the United …

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Evaluating Crumb Rubber Modified (Crm) Asphalt As A Sustainable Binder Alternative For High-Friction Surface Treatments, Abdallah Aboelela, Alireza Roshan, Magdy Abdelrahman Dec 2025

Evaluating Crumb Rubber Modified (Crm) Asphalt As A Sustainable Binder Alternative For High-Friction Surface Treatments, Abdallah Aboelela, Alireza Roshan, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

High-friction surface treatments (HFSTs) are widely applied to improve pavement safety by enhancing long-term skid resistance. Although epoxy resins are commonly used due to their strength and durability, their high cost, susceptibility to delamination, incompatibility with substrates of flexible pavements, and adverse environmental concerns limit their long-term performance. This study presents crumb rubber modified (CRM) asphalt as a sustainable alternative binder for HFST applications. CRM binders offer high performance and compatibility with existing pavement surfaces, cost effectiveness and reduced environmental impacts as compared to epoxy binders. In addition, the binder development utilizes enhanced recycling technologies for interacting with used tire …

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Data Driven Design Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Prospects And Application, Bryan K. Aylas-Paredes, Taihao Han, Advaith Neithalath, Jie Huang, Ashutosh Goel, Aditya Kumar, Narayanan Neithalath Dec 2025

Data Driven Design Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Prospects And Application, Bryan K. Aylas-Paredes, Taihao Han, Advaith Neithalath, Jie Huang, Ashutosh Goel, Aditya Kumar, Narayanan Neithalath

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is a specialized class of cementitious composites that is increasingly used in various applications, including bridge decks, connections between precast components, piers, columns, overlays, and the repair and strengthening of bridge elements. The mechanical and durability properties of UHPC are significantly influenced by factors such as low water-to-binder ratios, the inclusion of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), and fiber reinforcement. Machine learning (ML) has been employed to predict the performance of UHPC and optimize its mixture designs by using various raw materials. This study first provides a comprehensive review of ML applications in UHPC, focusing on predicting workability, …

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Investigating The Correlation And Synergy Of Artificial Intelligence Techniques, Construction Technologies, And Their Key Benefits, Fareed Salih, Islam H. El-Adaway Dec 2025

Investigating The Correlation And Synergy Of Artificial Intelligence Techniques, Construction Technologies, And Their Key Benefits, Fareed Salih, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Despite its reputation as one of the least digitized sectors, the construction industry increasingly adopts artificial intelligence (AI) and construction technologies. However, previous research has not adequately explored the benefits of AI techniques and construction technologies nor the correlations between them. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap. To this end, the authors used a multistep research methodology. First, a systematic literature review of studies published between 1985 and 2022 was conducted to identify AI techniques and construction technologies. Second, content and frequency analysis were performed to determine the benefits associated with AI and technology adoption. Finally, a survey …

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Experimental Determination Of Tnt Equivalence Values For Binary Energetic Materials, Gracie May M. James, Rachel L. Bauer, Emily M. Johnson, Catherine E. Johnson Dec 2025

Experimental Determination Of Tnt Equivalence Values For Binary Energetic Materials, Gracie May M. James, Rachel L. Bauer, Emily M. Johnson, Catherine E. Johnson

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

TNT equivalency quantifies the impact of energetic materials relative to TNT, aiding in safety guidelines and performance evaluations. Despite widespread use in industry, military, and research, many binary energetics lack published TNT equivalence values. This study experimentally determines TNT equivalency values for Helix, Texpak, Rimfire, Tannerite, and Kinepak using three tests: (1) plate dent, (2) reaction velocity and (3) air blast. Each test evaluates distinct aspects of energetic performance, addressing both close-in destructive power and downstream effects. Helix produced TNT equivalence values from 0.64 to 1.10, comparable to TNT, while Kinepak had lower values (0.18 to 0.58) indicating limited brisance, …

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A Precipitation-Hardened High-Entropy Alloy With Excellent Mechanical Properties Additively Manufactured By In-Situ Alloying, Matthew Luebbe, Shahryar Mooraj, Jonathan Poplawsky, Hans Pommerenke, Wen Chen, Haiming Wen Dec 2025

A Precipitation-Hardened High-Entropy Alloy With Excellent Mechanical Properties Additively Manufactured By In-Situ Alloying, Matthew Luebbe, Shahryar Mooraj, Jonathan Poplawsky, Hans Pommerenke, Wen Chen, Haiming Wen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Studies on precipitation-hardened high-entropy alloys (PHEAs) have demonstrated high strength, good ductility, and thermal stability, making them excellent candidates for high-temperature structural applications such as nuclear reactors. However, many complex parts for those applications would need to be produced via additive manufacturing (AM), whose rapid cooling rates and multiple heating cycles could change the microstructure of the chosen alloys and accordingly their mechanical properties. A PHEA, (Fe0.3Ni0.3Mn0.3Cr0.1)88Ti4Al8, which was developed and produced via conventional manufacturing in our previous work with high strength but low ductility, was chosen to test the effects of AM on the microstructure and mechanical properties. Scanning …

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Applications Of Machine Learning In Gravitational-Wave Research With Current Interferometric Detectors, Elena Cuoco, Marco Cavaglià, Ik Siong Heng, David Keitel, Christopher Messenger Dec 2025

Applications Of Machine Learning In Gravitational-Wave Research With Current Interferometric Detectors, Elena Cuoco, Marco Cavaglià, Ik Siong Heng, David Keitel, Christopher Messenger

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article provides an overview of the current state of machine learning in gravitational-wave research with interferometric detectors. Such applications are often still in their early days but have reached sufficient popularity to warrant an assessment of their impact across various domains, including detector studies, noise and signal simulations, and the detection and interpretation of astrophysical signals. In detector studies, machine learning could be useful to optimize instruments like LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and future detectors. Algorithms could predict and help in mitigating environmental disturbances in real time, ensuring detectors operate at peak performance. Furthermore, machine-learning tools for characterizing and cleaning …

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