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A Single-Cell Atlas Of Bovine Skeletal Muscle Reveals Mechanisms Regulating Intramuscular Adipogenesis And Fibrogenesis, Leshan Wang, Peidong Gao, Chaoyang Li, Qianglin Liu, Zeyang Yao, Yuxia Li, Xujia Zhang, Jiangwen Sun, Constantine Simintiras, Matthew Welborn, Kenneth Mcmillin, Stephanie Oprescu, Shihuan Kuang, Xing Fu Oct 2023

A Single-Cell Atlas Of Bovine Skeletal Muscle Reveals Mechanisms Regulating Intramuscular Adipogenesis And Fibrogenesis, Leshan Wang, Peidong Gao, Chaoyang Li, Qianglin Liu, Zeyang Yao, Yuxia Li, Xujia Zhang, Jiangwen Sun, Constantine Simintiras, Matthew Welborn, Kenneth Mcmillin, Stephanie Oprescu, Shihuan Kuang, Xing Fu

Faculty Publications

Background: Intramuscular fat (IMF) and intramuscular connective tissue (IMC) are often seen in human myopathies and are central to beef quality. The mechanisms regulating their accumulation remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the possibility of using beef cattle as a novel model for mechanistic studies of intramuscular adipogenesis and fibrogenesis. Methods: Skeletal muscle single-cell RNAseq was performed on three cattle breeds, including Wagyu (high IMF), Brahman (abundant IMC but scarce IMF), and Wagyu/Brahman cross. Sophisticated bioinformatics analyses, including clustering analysis, gene set enrichment analyses, gene regulatory network construction, RNA velocity, pseudotime analysis, and cell–cell communication analysis, were performed to elucidate …


Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Fall 2023, Lsu Agcenter Oct 2023

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Fall 2023, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

Hemp has been cultivated for thousands of years. It was grown widely in the United States until the mid-1900s, when laws limited the growth of hemp and later banned it entirely. Since the 2018 Farm Bill removed legal barriers to growing the crop, Louisiana created a structure to regulate hemp farming in 2019.

Because little information existed about hemp in Louisiana, the LSU AgCenter created the Industrial Hemp Working Group to study the crop, create production practices and help growers interested in this ancient plant.

This issue of Louisiana Agriculture focuses on the work of these researchers and the growers …


Fall Facts, 2023, Louisiana State University Oct 2023

Fall Facts, 2023, Louisiana State University

Fall Facts

No abstract provided.


Fall 2023 Catalog, Lsu Press Oct 2023

Fall 2023 Catalog, Lsu Press

LSU Press Seasonal Catalogs

No abstract provided.


Chemical Communication In Insects: New Advances In Integrated Pest Management Strategies, Angel Guerrero, Gadi V.P. Reddy Oct 2023

Chemical Communication In Insects: New Advances In Integrated Pest Management Strategies, Angel Guerrero, Gadi V.P. Reddy

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Early Season Monitoring Of Tarnished Plant Bug, Lygus Lineolaris, In Wild Hosts Using Pheromone Traps, Justin George, James P. Glover, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Chris Johnson, David R. Hall Oct 2023

Early Season Monitoring Of Tarnished Plant Bug, Lygus Lineolaris, In Wild Hosts Using Pheromone Traps, Justin George, James P. Glover, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Chris Johnson, David R. Hall

Faculty Publications

The tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Hemiptera: Miridae), has a wide host range of over 700 plant species, including 130 crops of economic importance. During early spring, managing the field edges with weeds and other wild hosts is important in preventing early-season infestations of L. lineolaris in cotton to prevent damage to the squares and other fruiting structures. Scouting fields for L. lineolaris is time- and labor-intensive, and end-user variability associated with field sampling can lead to inaccuracies. Insect traps that combine visual cues and pheromones are more accurate, sustainable, and economically feasible in contrast to traditional insect detection methods. …


Can A Eutrophic Lake Function As A Carbon Sink? Case Study Of A Subtropical Eutrophic Lake In Southern Usa, Lee Potter, Y. J. Xu Oct 2023

Can A Eutrophic Lake Function As A Carbon Sink? Case Study Of A Subtropical Eutrophic Lake In Southern Usa, Lee Potter, Y. J. Xu

Faculty Publications

Carbon dioxide (CO2) outgassing from inland eutrophic waters is a small but critical component of the global carbon cycle that is currently not well constrained. Eutrophic lake systems have been reported to be supersaturated with dissolved CO2 (pCO2), therefore considered a carbon source to the atmosphere. In this study, we aimed to test two hypotheses: 1) there is a substantial diurnal fluctuation in pCO2 in eutrophic lakes, making them both a source and a sink of carbon; and 2) the diurnal fluctuation is seasonally dependent, with a pronounced variability during the summer. As a case study, we used a hypereutrophic …


Message Or Messenger? Source And Labeling Effects In Authoritarian Response To Protest, Daniel Arnon, Pearce Edwards, Handi Li Oct 2023

Message Or Messenger? Source And Labeling Effects In Authoritarian Response To Protest, Daniel Arnon, Pearce Edwards, Handi Li

Faculty Publications

Authoritarian regimes in the 21st century have increasingly turned to using information control rather than kinetic force to respond to threats to their rule. This paper studies an often overlooked type of information control: strategic labeling and public statements by regime sources in response to protests. Labeling protesters as violent criminals may increase support for repression by signaling that protests are illegitimate and deviant. Regime sources, compared to more independent sources, could increase support for repression even more when paired with such an accusatory label. Accommodative labels should have opposing effects—decreasing support for repression. The argument is tested with a …


Examination Of Real-Time Variation In Interpersonal Hopelessness And Suicidal Desire In A College Student Sample Reporting Past-2-Week Suicidal Ideation, Jessica L. Gerner, Emma H. Moscardini, Sean M. Mitchell, Ryan M. Hill, Raymond P. Tucker Oct 2023

Examination Of Real-Time Variation In Interpersonal Hopelessness And Suicidal Desire In A College Student Sample Reporting Past-2-Week Suicidal Ideation, Jessica L. Gerner, Emma H. Moscardini, Sean M. Mitchell, Ryan M. Hill, Raymond P. Tucker

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Interpersonal hopelessness (IH), as outlined in the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, is theorized to include two correlated, distinct constructs: hopelessness about one's thwarted belongingness (IH-TB) and about perceived burdensomeness on others (IH-PB). Few studies have explored IH, and none have explored its temporal stability or prospective prediction of suicidal desire. Methods: Undergraduates (N = 43) selectively recruited for past-2-week suicidal ideation completed five ecological momentary assessment surveys per day for 10-days. Intraclass correlations, root mean square of successive differences, and multilevel models were used to examine the data and test relationships among predictor variables. Results: IH-TB and IH-PB demonstrated …


"Weight Loss Is My Goal And Being Healthy Is My Goal. I Can Get Over The Hot Flashes": A Qualitative Exploration Of Menopausal Transition Experiences And Preferences For Weight Management Among White Women, Chelsea L. Kracht, Jessica St. Romain, Julie C. Hardee, Nanette Santoro, Leanne M. Redman, Kara L. Marlatt Oct 2023

"Weight Loss Is My Goal And Being Healthy Is My Goal. I Can Get Over The Hot Flashes": A Qualitative Exploration Of Menopausal Transition Experiences And Preferences For Weight Management Among White Women, Chelsea L. Kracht, Jessica St. Romain, Julie C. Hardee, Nanette Santoro, Leanne M. Redman, Kara L. Marlatt

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objectives A qualitative research study design was used to (1) describe experiences of White women during the menopausal transition, and (2) identify barriers and facilitators for participating in a lifestyle program targeting weight management. Methods Perimenopausal and postmenopausal White women who self-reported a desire to lose or maintain weight participated in focus groups. Women were queried about their past diet, exercise, and weight management practices; menopausal transition; and specific components and considerations for developing a lifestyle program for weight management. Thematic analysis was conducted on coded transcripts and four main themes emerged, each containing three to six subthemes. Results Twenty-eight …


Strength Training Is More Effective Than Aerobic Exercise For Improving Glycaemic Control And Body Composition In People With Normal-Weight Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Yukari Kobayashi, Jin Long, Shozen Dan, Neil M. Johannsen, Ruth Talamoa, Sonia Raghuram, Sukyung Chung, Kyla Kent, Marina Basina, Cynthia Lamendola, Francois Haddad, Mary B. Leonard, Timothy S. Church, Latha Palaniappan Oct 2023

Strength Training Is More Effective Than Aerobic Exercise For Improving Glycaemic Control And Body Composition In People With Normal-Weight Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Yukari Kobayashi, Jin Long, Shozen Dan, Neil M. Johannsen, Ruth Talamoa, Sonia Raghuram, Sukyung Chung, Kyla Kent, Marina Basina, Cynthia Lamendola, Francois Haddad, Mary B. Leonard, Timothy S. Church, Latha Palaniappan

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes in people in the healthy weight BMI category (< 25 kg/m2), herein defined as ‘normal-weight type 2 diabetes’, is associated with sarcopenia (low muscle mass). Given this unique body composition, the optimal exercise regimen for this population is unknown. Methods: We conducted a parallel-group RCT in individuals with type 2 diabetes (age 18–80 years, HbA1c 47.5–118.56 mmol/mol [6.5–13.0%]) and BMI < 25 kg/m2). Participants were recruited in outpatient clinics or through advertisements and randomly assigned to a 9 month exercise programme of strength training alone (ST), aerobic training alone (AER) or both interventions combined (COMB). We used stratified block randomisation with a randomly selected block size. Researchers and caregivers were blinded to participants’ treatment group; however, participants themselves were not. Exercise interventions were conducted at community-based fitness centres. The primary outcome was absolute change in HbA1c level within and across the three groups at 3, 6 and 9 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in body composition at 9 months. Per adherence to recommended exercise protocol (PP) analysis included participants who completed at least 50% of the sessions. Results: Among 186 individuals (ST, n=63; AER, n=58; COMB, n=65) analysed, the median (IQR) age was 59 (53–66) years, 60% were men and 83% were Asian. The mean (SD) HbA1c level at baseline was 59.6 (13.1) mmol/mol (7.6% [1.2%]). In intention-to-treat analysis, the ST group showed a significant decrease in HbA1c levels (mean [95% CI] −0.44 percentage points [−0.78, −0.12], p=0.002), while no significant change was observed in either the COMB group (−0.35 percentage points, p=0.13) or the AER group (−0.24 percentage points, p=0.10). The ST group had a greater improvement in HbA1c levels than the AER group (p=0.01). Appendicular lean mass relative to fat mass increased only in the ST group (p=0.0008), which was an independent predictor of HbA1c change (beta coefficient −7.16, p=0.01). Similar results were observed in PP analysis. Only one adverse event, in the COMB group, was considered to be possibly associated with the exercise intervention. Conclusions/interpretation: In normal-weight type 2 diabetes, strength training was superior to aerobic training alone, while no significant difference was observed between strength training and combination training for HbA1c reduction. Increased lean mass relative to decreased fat mass was an independent predictor of reduction in HbA1c level. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02448498. Funding: This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH; R01DK081371). Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].


Relational Sanctification, Communal Coping, And Depression Among African American Couples, Antonius D. Skipper, Andrew H. Rose, Noel A. Card, Travis James Moore, Debra Lavender-Bratcher, Cassandra Chaney Oct 2023

Relational Sanctification, Communal Coping, And Depression Among African American Couples, Antonius D. Skipper, Andrew H. Rose, Noel A. Card, Travis James Moore, Debra Lavender-Bratcher, Cassandra Chaney

Faculty Publications

Despite the common use of religious buffers, African Americans are disproportionately affected by depressive symptoms. Communal coping may serve as one factor in helping religious African American couples alleviate the symptoms of depression. This study examines the association between relational sanctification and depressive symptoms as mediated by the communal coping of 467 African American married and cohabiting couples. Data from the sampled couples were analyzed using a common fate model, and analyses revealed higher scores on the measure of sanctification were associated with more communal coping; more communal coping was associated with fewer depressive symptoms among women and men, and …


Potential Impact Of Wearables On Physical Activity Guidelines And Interventions: Opportunities And Challenges, Jason M.R. Gill, Timothy J. Chico, Aiden Doherty, Jessilyn Dunn, Ulf Ekelund, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Karen Milton, Marie H. Murphy, Emmanuel Stamatakis Oct 2023

Potential Impact Of Wearables On Physical Activity Guidelines And Interventions: Opportunities And Challenges, Jason M.R. Gill, Timothy J. Chico, Aiden Doherty, Jessilyn Dunn, Ulf Ekelund, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Karen Milton, Marie H. Murphy, Emmanuel Stamatakis

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Perceived Stress And Suicidal Ideation: The Role Of Dispositional Mindfulness, Emma H. Moscardini, Anthony Robinson, Jessica Gerner, Raymond P. Tucker Oct 2023

Perceived Stress And Suicidal Ideation: The Role Of Dispositional Mindfulness, Emma H. Moscardini, Anthony Robinson, Jessica Gerner, Raymond P. Tucker

Faculty Publications

Objectives: Extant literature suggests that dispositional mindfulness may reduce the impact perceived stress has on the severity of suicidal ideation (SI). Only one study has analyzed this question but did so with a cross-sectional design in a sample of undergraduate women. Methods: This study analyzed the potential moderating role of dispositional mindfulness on the relation between perceived stress and SI cross-sectionally and at one-week follow-up in a sample of US adults (N = 598) with a history of SI. Results: Results indicated that dispositional mindfulness and its facets were inversely related to perceived stress, SI severity at baseline, and SI …


Nod Mice Have Distinct Metabolic And Immunologic Profiles When Compared With Genetically Similar Mhc-Matched Icr Mice, Heidi M. Batdorf, Luz De Luna Lawes, Jeremy T. Richardson, David H. Burk, Samuel D. Dupuy, Michael D. Karlstad, Robert C. Noland, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier Oct 2023

Nod Mice Have Distinct Metabolic And Immunologic Profiles When Compared With Genetically Similar Mhc-Matched Icr Mice, Heidi M. Batdorf, Luz De Luna Lawes, Jeremy T. Richardson, David H. Burk, Samuel D. Dupuy, Michael D. Karlstad, Robert C. Noland, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are the most commonly used rodent model to study mechanisms relevant to the autoimmunity and immunology of type 1 diabetes. Although many different strains of mice have been used as controls for studies comparing nondiabetic lines to the NOD strain, we hypothesized that the parental strain that gave rise to the NOD line might be one of the best options. Therefore, we compared female ICR and NOD mice, which are matched at key major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci, to understand their metabolic and immunologic similarities and differences. Several novel observations emerged: 1) NOD mice have greater …


Genetic Deletion Of Dnajb3 Using Crispr-Cas9, Produced Discordant Phenotypes, Shadi Nejat, Kalhara R. Menikdiwela, Aliyah Efotte, Shane Scoggin, Bolormaa Vandanmagsar, Paul J. Thornalley, Mohammed Dehbi, Naima Moustaid-Moussa Oct 2023

Genetic Deletion Of Dnajb3 Using Crispr-Cas9, Produced Discordant Phenotypes, Shadi Nejat, Kalhara R. Menikdiwela, Aliyah Efotte, Shane Scoggin, Bolormaa Vandanmagsar, Paul J. Thornalley, Mohammed Dehbi, Naima Moustaid-Moussa

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Several pathways and/or genes have been shown to be dysregulated in obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We previously showed, for the first time, impaired expression of DNAJB3 mRNA and protein in subjects with obesity, which was concomitant with increased metabolic stress. Restoring the normal expression of DNAJB3 attenuated metabolic stress and improved insulin signaling both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting a protective role of DNAJB3 against obesity and T2D. The precise underlying mechanisms remained, however, unclear. This study was designed to confirm the human studies in a mouse model of dietary obesity-induced insulin resistance, and, …


Soluble Rage And Skeletal Muscle Tissue Rage Expression Profiles In Lean And Obese Young Adults Across Differential Aerobic Exercise Intensities, Edwin R. Miranda, Jacob T. Mey, Brian K. Blackburn, Alec B. Chaves, Kelly N.Z. Fuller, Ryan K. Perkins, Andrew T. Ludlow, Jacob M. Haus Oct 2023

Soluble Rage And Skeletal Muscle Tissue Rage Expression Profiles In Lean And Obese Young Adults Across Differential Aerobic Exercise Intensities, Edwin R. Miranda, Jacob T. Mey, Brian K. Blackburn, Alec B. Chaves, Kelly N.Z. Fuller, Ryan K. Perkins, Andrew T. Ludlow, Jacob M. Haus

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Nearly 40% of Americans have obesity and are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle is responsible for >80% of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake that is attenuated by the inflammatory milieu of obesity and augmented by aerobic exercise. The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is an inflammatory receptor directly linking metabolic dysfunction with inflammation. Circulating soluble isoforms of RAGE (sRAGE) formed either by proteolytic cleavage (cRAGE) or alternative splicing (esRAGE) act as decoys for RAGE ligands, thereby counteracting RAGE-mediated inflammation. We aimed to determine if RAGE expression or alternative splicing of RAGE is altered by obesity in …


Recommendations From The 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline For The Assessment And Management Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Helena J. Teede, Chau Thien Tay, Joop Laven, Anuja Dokras, Lisa J. Moran, Terhi T. Piltonen, Michael F. Costello, Jacky Boivin, Leanne M. Redman, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Robert J. Norman, Aya Mousa, Anju E. Joham, Wiebke Arlt, Ricardo Azziz, Adam Balen, Lisa Bedson, Lorna Berry, Leah Brennan, Wendy Brown, Tania Burgert, Maureen Busby, Carolyn Ee, Rhonda M. Garad, Melanie Gibson-Helm, Cheryce Harrison, Roger Hart, Kim Hopkins, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Tuong Ho, Kathleen Hoeger, Cailin Jordan, Richard S. Legro, Rong Li Oct 2023

Recommendations From The 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline For The Assessment And Management Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Helena J. Teede, Chau Thien Tay, Joop Laven, Anuja Dokras, Lisa J. Moran, Terhi T. Piltonen, Michael F. Costello, Jacky Boivin, Leanne M. Redman, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Robert J. Norman, Aya Mousa, Anju E. Joham, Wiebke Arlt, Ricardo Azziz, Adam Balen, Lisa Bedson, Lorna Berry, Leah Brennan, Wendy Brown, Tania Burgert, Maureen Busby, Carolyn Ee, Rhonda M. Garad, Melanie Gibson-Helm, Cheryce Harrison, Roger Hart, Kim Hopkins, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Tuong Ho, Kathleen Hoeger, Cailin Jordan, Richard S. Legro, Rong Li

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

STUDY QUESTION: What is the recommended assessment and management of those with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), based on the best available evidence, clinical expertise, and consumer preference? SUMMARY ANSWER: International evidence-based guidelines address prioritized questions and outcomes and include 254 recommendations and practice points, to promote consistent, evidence-based care and improve the experience and health outcomes in PCOS. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The 2018 International PCOS Guideline was independently evaluated as high quality and integrated multidisciplinary and consumer perspectives from six continents; it is now used in 196 countries and is widely cited. It was based on best available, but …


Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals: Methods For Combustion Generation, Whole-Body Inhalation And Assessing Cardiopulmonary Consequences, Ankit Aryal, Alexandra Noël, Lavrent Khachatryan, Stephania A. Cormier, Pratiti H. Chowdhury, Arthur Penn, Tammy R. Dugas, Ashlyn C. Harmon Oct 2023

Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals: Methods For Combustion Generation, Whole-Body Inhalation And Assessing Cardiopulmonary Consequences, Ankit Aryal, Alexandra Noël, Lavrent Khachatryan, Stephania A. Cormier, Pratiti H. Chowdhury, Arthur Penn, Tammy R. Dugas, Ashlyn C. Harmon

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Particulate matter (PM) containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) results from the incomplete combustion of organic wastes which chemisorb to transition metals. This process generates a particle-pollutant complex that continuously redox cycles to produce reactive oxygen species. EPFRs are well characterized, but their cardiopulmonary effects remain unknown. This publication provides a detailed approach to evaluating these effects and demonstrates the impact that EPFRs have on the lungs and vasculature. Combustion-derived EPFRs were generated (EPFR lo: 2.1e−16 radical/g, EPFR hi: 5.5e−17 radical/g), characterized, and verified as representative of those found in urban areas. Dry particle aerosolization and whole-body inhalation were established …


Recruitment Methods And Yield Rates For A Multisite Clinical Trial Exploring Risk Reduction For Alzheimer's Disease (Rrad), Amanda N. Szabo-Reed, Tristyn Hall, Eric D. Vidoni, Angela Van Sciver, Monica Sewell, Jeffrey M. Burns, C. Munro Cullum, William P. Gahan, Linda S. Hynan, Diana R. Kerwin, Heidi Rossetti, Ann M. Stowe, Wanpen Vongpatanasin, David C. Zhu, Rong Zhang, Jeffrey N. Keller, Ellen F. Binder Oct 2023

Recruitment Methods And Yield Rates For A Multisite Clinical Trial Exploring Risk Reduction For Alzheimer's Disease (Rrad), Amanda N. Szabo-Reed, Tristyn Hall, Eric D. Vidoni, Angela Van Sciver, Monica Sewell, Jeffrey M. Burns, C. Munro Cullum, William P. Gahan, Linda S. Hynan, Diana R. Kerwin, Heidi Rossetti, Ann M. Stowe, Wanpen Vongpatanasin, David C. Zhu, Rong Zhang, Jeffrey N. Keller, Ellen F. Binder

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The risk reduction for Alzheimer's disease (rrAD) trial was a multisite clinical trial to assess exercise and intensive vascular pharmacological treatment on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: Eligibility, consent, and randomization rates across different referral sources were compared. Informal interviews conducted with each site's project team were conducted upon study completion. RESULTS: Initially, 3290 individuals were screened, of whom 28% were eligible to consent, 805 consented to participate (87.2% of those eligible), and 513 (36.3% of those consented) were randomized. Emails sent from study site listservs/databases yielded the highest amount (20.9%) …


Impact Of A Nutrient Formulation On Longitudinal Myelination, Cognition, And Behavior From Birth To 2 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Nora Schneider, Mickaël Hartweg, Jonathan O’Regan, Jennifer Beauchemin, Leanne Redman, Daniel S. Hsia, Pascal Steiner, Owen Carmichael, Viren D’Sa, Sean Deoni Oct 2023

Impact Of A Nutrient Formulation On Longitudinal Myelination, Cognition, And Behavior From Birth To 2 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Nora Schneider, Mickaël Hartweg, Jonathan O’Regan, Jennifer Beauchemin, Leanne Redman, Daniel S. Hsia, Pascal Steiner, Owen Carmichael, Viren D’Sa, Sean Deoni

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Observation studies suggest differences in myelination in relation to differences in early life nutrition. This two-center randomized controlled trial investigates the effect of a 12-month nutritional intervention on longitudinal changes in myelination, cognition, and behavior. Eighty-one full-term, neurotypical infants were randomized into an investigational (N = 42) or a control group (N = 39), receiving higher versus lower levels of a blend of nutrients. Non-randomized breastfed infants (N = 108) served as a reference group. Main outcomes were myelination (MRI), neurodevelopment (Bayley-III), social-emotional development (ASQ:SE-2), infant and toddler behavior (IBQ-R and TBAQ), and infant sleep (BISQ) during the first 2 …


Qtls And Candidate Loci Associated With Drought Tolerance Traits Of Kaybonnet X Zhe733 Recombinant Inbred Lines Rice Population, Yheni Dwiningsih, Julie Thomas, Anuj Kumar, Chirag Gupta, Navdeep Gill, Charles Ruiz, Jawaher Alkahtani, Niranjan Baisakh, Andy Pereira Oct 2023

Qtls And Candidate Loci Associated With Drought Tolerance Traits Of Kaybonnet X Zhe733 Recombinant Inbred Lines Rice Population, Yheni Dwiningsih, Julie Thomas, Anuj Kumar, Chirag Gupta, Navdeep Gill, Charles Ruiz, Jawaher Alkahtani, Niranjan Baisakh, Andy Pereira

Faculty Publications

Rice is the most important staple crop for the sustenance of the world’s population, and drought is a major factor limiting rice production. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of drought-resistance-related traits was conducted on a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the self-fed progeny of a cross between the drought-resistant tropical japonica U.S. adapted cultivar Kaybonnet and the drought-sensitive indica cultivar ZHE733. K/Z RIL population of 198 lines was screened in the field at Fayetteville (AR) for three consecutive years under controlled drought stress (DS) and well-watered (WW) treatment during the reproductive stage. The effects of DS were quantified …


Toward Food Security In 2050: Gene Pyramiding For Climate-Smart Rice, Isnaini Isnaini, Yudhistira Nugraha, Niranjan Baisakh, Nono Carsono Oct 2023

Toward Food Security In 2050: Gene Pyramiding For Climate-Smart Rice, Isnaini Isnaini, Yudhistira Nugraha, Niranjan Baisakh, Nono Carsono

Faculty Publications

The decline in crop productivity due to climate change is a major issue that threatens global food security and is the main challenge for breeders today in developing sustainable varieties with a wider tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Breeding climate-smart rice (CSR) cultivars may be the best adaptation to climate change, with the potential to improve future food security and profitability for farmers in many nations. The main objective of this review is to highlight the direction of development of superior rice breeding from time to time, and various studies of new techniques of breeding methods for pyramiding various …


Reevaluation Of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin Equivalency Factors For Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins, Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans, And Polychlorinated Biphenyls For Fishes, Jon A. Doering, Donald E. Tillitt, Steve Wiseman Oct 2023

Reevaluation Of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin Equivalency Factors For Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins, Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans, And Polychlorinated Biphenyls For Fishes, Jon A. Doering, Donald E. Tillitt, Steve Wiseman

Faculty Publications

An expert meeting was organized by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1997 to streamline assessments of risk posed by mixtures of dioxin-like chemicals (DLCs) through development of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) equivalency factors (TEFs) for mammals, birds, and fishes. No reevaluation has been performed for fish TEFs. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to reevaluate the TEFs for fishes based on an updated database of relative potencies (RePs) for DLCs. Selection criteria consistent with the WHO meeting resulted in 53 RePs across 14 species of fish ultimately being considered. Of these RePs, 70% were not available at the time …


Responses Of Phytoplankton Communities To Internal Waves In Oligotrophic Oceans, Lingqi Ma, Xiaolin Bai, Edward A. Laws, Wupeng Xiao, Cui Guo, Xin Liu, Kuo Ping Chiang, Kunshan Gao, Bangqin Huang Oct 2023

Responses Of Phytoplankton Communities To Internal Waves In Oligotrophic Oceans, Lingqi Ma, Xiaolin Bai, Edward A. Laws, Wupeng Xiao, Cui Guo, Xin Liu, Kuo Ping Chiang, Kunshan Gao, Bangqin Huang

Faculty Publications

Understanding the potential impacts of internal waves on phytoplankton communities in oligotrophic oceans remains an important research challenge. In this study, we elucidated the impact of internal waves on phytoplankton communities through a comprehensive 154-hr time-series of observations in the South China Sea (SCS). We identified distinctive variations in phytoplankton pigment biomass and composition across the upper, middle, and lower layers of the euphotic zone, which we attributed to the perturbations triggered by internal waves. Phytoplankton other than Prochlorococcus in the lower, nutrient-replete layer likely benefitted from allochthonous nutrients introduced by internal waves, but their growth rates were constrained by …


Multimessenger Diagnostics Of The Engine Behind Core-Collapse Supernovae, Christopher L. Fryer, Eric Burns, Aimee Hungerford, Samar Safi-Harb, R. T. Wollaeger, Richard S. Miller, Michela Negro, Samalka Anandagoda, Dieter H. Hartmann Oct 2023

Multimessenger Diagnostics Of The Engine Behind Core-Collapse Supernovae, Christopher L. Fryer, Eric Burns, Aimee Hungerford, Samar Safi-Harb, R. T. Wollaeger, Richard S. Miller, Michela Negro, Samalka Anandagoda, Dieter H. Hartmann

Faculty Publications

Core-collapse supernova explosions play a wide role in astrophysics by producing compact remnants (neutron stars or black holes) and the synthesis and injection of many heavy elements into their host galaxy. Because they are produced in some of the most extreme conditions in the universe, they can also probe physics in extreme conditions (matter at nuclear densities and extreme temperatures and magnetic fields). To quantify the impact of supernovae on both fundamental physics and our understanding of the universe, we must leverage a broad set of observables of this engine. In this paper, we study a subset of these probes …


Deep Multimessenger Search For Compact Binary Mergers In Ligo, Virgo, And Fermi/Gbm Data From 2016-2017, Marion Pillas, Tito Dal Canton, Cosmin Stachie, Brandon Piotrzkowski, Fergus Hayes, Rachel Hamburg, Eric Burns, Joshua Wood, Pierre Alexandre Duverne, Nelson Christensen Oct 2023

Deep Multimessenger Search For Compact Binary Mergers In Ligo, Virgo, And Fermi/Gbm Data From 2016-2017, Marion Pillas, Tito Dal Canton, Cosmin Stachie, Brandon Piotrzkowski, Fergus Hayes, Rachel Hamburg, Eric Burns, Joshua Wood, Pierre Alexandre Duverne, Nelson Christensen

Faculty Publications

GW170817-GRB 170817A provided the first observation of gravitational waves from a neutron star merger with associated transient counterparts across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. This discovery demonstrated the long-hypothesized association between short gamma-ray bursts and neutron star mergers. More joint detections are needed to explore the relation between the parameters inferred from the gravitational wave and the properties of the gamma-ray burst signal. We developed a joint multimessenger analysis of LIGO, Virgo, and Fermi/GBM data designed for detecting weak gravitational-wave transients associated with weak gamma-ray bursts. As such, it does not start from confident (GWTC-1) events only. Instead, we take the …


Engineering Super-Poissonian Photon Statistics Of Spatial Light Modes, Mingyuan Hong, Ashe Miller, Roberto De J. León-Montiel, Chenglong You, Omar S. Magaña-Loaiza Oct 2023

Engineering Super-Poissonian Photon Statistics Of Spatial Light Modes, Mingyuan Hong, Ashe Miller, Roberto De J. León-Montiel, Chenglong You, Omar S. Magaña-Loaiza

Faculty Publications

The nature of light sources is defined by the statistical fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. As such, the photon statistics of light sources are typically associated with distinct emitters. Here, the possibility of producing light beams with various photon statistics through the spatial modulation of coherent light is demonstrated. This is achieved by the sequential encoding of controllable Kolmogorov phase screens in a digital micromirror device. Interestingly, the flexibility of this scheme allows for the shaping of spatial light modes with engineered photon statistics at different spatial positions. The performance of this scheme is assessed through the photon-number-resolving characterization of …


Kmt-2021-Blg-1547lb: Giant Microlensing Planet Detected Through A Signal Deformed Due To Source Binarity, Cheongho Han, Weicheng Zang, Youn Kil Jung, Ian A. Bond, Sun Ju Chung, Michael D. Albrow, Andrew Gould, Kyu Ha Hwang, Yoon Hyun Ryu, In Gu Shin, Yossi Shvartzvald, Hongjing Yang, Jennifer C. Yee, Sang Mok Cha, Doeon Kim, Dong Jin Kim, Seung Lee Kim, Chung Uk Lee, Dong Joo Lee, Yongseok Lee, Byeong Gon Park, Richard W. Pogge, Berto Monard, Qiyue Qian, Zhuokai Liu, Dan Maoz, Matthew T. Penny, Wei Zhu, Fumio Abe, Richard Barry, David P. Bennett, Aparna Bhattacharya, Hirosame Fujii Oct 2023

Kmt-2021-Blg-1547lb: Giant Microlensing Planet Detected Through A Signal Deformed Due To Source Binarity, Cheongho Han, Weicheng Zang, Youn Kil Jung, Ian A. Bond, Sun Ju Chung, Michael D. Albrow, Andrew Gould, Kyu Ha Hwang, Yoon Hyun Ryu, In Gu Shin, Yossi Shvartzvald, Hongjing Yang, Jennifer C. Yee, Sang Mok Cha, Doeon Kim, Dong Jin Kim, Seung Lee Kim, Chung Uk Lee, Dong Joo Lee, Yongseok Lee, Byeong Gon Park, Richard W. Pogge, Berto Monard, Qiyue Qian, Zhuokai Liu, Dan Maoz, Matthew T. Penny, Wei Zhu, Fumio Abe, Richard Barry, David P. Bennett, Aparna Bhattacharya, Hirosame Fujii

Faculty Publications

Aims. We investigate the previous microlensing data collected by the KMTNet survey in search of anomalous events for which no precise interpretations of the anomalies had been suggested. From this investigation, we find that the anomaly in the lensing light curve of the event KMT-2021-BLG-1547 is approximately described by a binary-lens (2L1S) model with a lens possessing a giant planet, but the model leaves unexplained residuals. Methods. We investigated the origin of the residuals by testing more sophisticated models that include either an extra lens component (3L1S model) or an extra source star (2L2S model) on top of the 2L1S …


Does Investment In Green Employee Development Climate Matter For Environmental Commitment And Green Well-Being? A Case Study Of A Palm Oil Company In Malaysia, Patricia Yinyin Lau, Sunyoung Park, Yen Chen Hsu, Bella Ya Hui Lien, Jo Ann Ho Oct 2023

Does Investment In Green Employee Development Climate Matter For Environmental Commitment And Green Well-Being? A Case Study Of A Palm Oil Company In Malaysia, Patricia Yinyin Lau, Sunyoung Park, Yen Chen Hsu, Bella Ya Hui Lien, Jo Ann Ho

Faculty Publications

Drawing on social exchange theory and stakeholder responses to corporate social responsibility model, this study aimed to examine if the cross-level impacts of perceived investment in green employee development climate (PIGED) on environmental commitment (EC) and green well-being (GWB) were mediated by green person-job fit and green growth need strength. We collected a total of 412 employees and 80 operating units from a leading palm-oil company in Malaysia. The multilevel regression analysis found the cross-level effects of PIGED on EC and GWB that were partially mediated by green person-job fit and green growth need strength. Due to incomplete understanding of …