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Developing A Strawberry Yogurt Fortified With Marine Fish Oil 1, J. D. Estrada, C. Boeneke, P. Bechtel, S. Sathivel Dec 2011

Developing A Strawberry Yogurt Fortified With Marine Fish Oil 1, J. D. Estrada, C. Boeneke, P. Bechtel, S. Sathivel

Faculty Publications

Fortified dairy products appeal to a wide variety of consumers and have the potential to increase sales in the yogurt industry and help increase intake of long-chain n-3 fatty acids. The objectives of this study were to develop a strawberry yogurt containing microencapsulated salmon oil (MSO; 2% wt/vol) and evaluate its characteristics during 1 mo of storage. Unpurified salmon oil (USO) was purified (PSO) and both USO and PSO were analyzed for peroxide value (PV), anisidine value (AV), total oxidation, free fatty acids (FFA), and moisture content. A stable emulsion was prepared with 7% PSO, 22% gum arabic, 11% maltodextrin, …

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Laboratory Host Range Assessment Of A Predatory Pentatomid, Podisus Maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) For Field Release On Guam, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Rosalie Kikuchi Dec 2011

Laboratory Host Range Assessment Of A Predatory Pentatomid, Podisus Maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) For Field Release On Guam, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Rosalie Kikuchi

Faculty Publications

Predation by Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) was evaluated with Erionota thrax (L.) (Lepidoptera: Hesperidae), Pericyma cruegeri (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Pareuchaetes pseudoinsulata Rego Barros (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), Papilio polytes (L.) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and Eudocima phalonia (L.) comb. nov. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Both free-choice and no-choice experiments indicated that the P. maculiventris attacked and consumed all the larvae of the 5 species included in the tests. Although the larvae died at different intervals, most of them were dead within 24120 h of the introduction of the predatory species. Since the P. maculiventris is polyphagous in nature and the present findings indicate that these …

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Effect Of Soil Type And Exposure Duration On Mortality And Transfer Of Chlorantraniliprole And Fipronil On Formosan Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Bal K. Gautam, Gregg Henderson Dec 2011

Effect Of Soil Type And Exposure Duration On Mortality And Transfer Of Chlorantraniliprole And Fipronil On Formosan Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Bal K. Gautam, Gregg Henderson

Faculty Publications

The uptake and potential transfer of chlorantraniliprole and fipronil by the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, was investigated in the laboratory by using donor-recipient model bioassays. Two different types of substrates, sandy loam soil (18.6% organic matter) and sand (0.19% organic matter), were used to evaluate how these treated substrates impact the direct mortality and transfer efficiency of the two nonrepellent termiticides tested at different concentrations. Chlorantraniliprole exhibited a more delayed mortality on termites than fipronil in sand. In soil, chlorantraniliprole did not cause higher mortality to either donor or recipient termite at any of the tested concentrations during …

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Efficacy Of Genetically Modified Bt Toxins Against Insects With Different Genetic Mechanisms Of Resistance, Bruce E. Tabashnik, Fangneng Huang, Mukti N. Ghimire, B. Rogers Leonard, Blair D. Siegfried, Murugesan Rangasamy, Yajun Yang, Yidong Wu, Linda J. Gahan, David G. Heckel, Alejandra Bravo, Mario Soberón Dec 2011

Efficacy Of Genetically Modified Bt Toxins Against Insects With Different Genetic Mechanisms Of Resistance, Bruce E. Tabashnik, Fangneng Huang, Mukti N. Ghimire, B. Rogers Leonard, Blair D. Siegfried, Murugesan Rangasamy, Yajun Yang, Yidong Wu, Linda J. Gahan, David G. Heckel, Alejandra Bravo, Mario Soberón

Faculty Publications

Transgenic crops that produce Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins are grown widely for pest control, but insect adaptation can reduce their efficacy. The genetically modified Bt toxins Cry1AbMod and Cry1AcMod were designed to counter insect resistance to native Bt toxins Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac. Previous results suggested that the modified toxins would be effective only if resistance was linked with mutations in genes encoding toxin-binding cadherin proteins. Here we report evidence from five major crop pests refuting this hypothesis. Relative to native toxins, the potency of modified toxins was >350-fold higher against resistant strains of Plutella xylostella and Ostrinia nubilalis in which …

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Alu Pair Exclusions In The Human Genome, George W. Cook, Miriam K. Konkel, James D. Major, Jerilyn A. Walker, Kyudong Han, Mark A. Batzer Dec 2011

Alu Pair Exclusions In The Human Genome, George W. Cook, Miriam K. Konkel, James D. Major, Jerilyn A. Walker, Kyudong Han, Mark A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

Background: The human genome contains approximately one million Alu elements which comprise more than 10% of human DNA by mass. Alu elements possess direction, and are distributed almost equally in positive and negative strand orientations throughout the genome. Previously, it has been shown that closely spaced Alu pairs in opposing orientation (inverted pairs) are found less frequently than Alu pairs having the same orientation (direct pairs). However, this imbalance has only been investigated for Alu pairs separated by 650 or fewer base pairs (bp) in a study conducted prior to the completion of the draft human genome sequence. Results: We …

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Production Of F 1 Offspring With Vitrified Sperm From A Live-Bearing Fish, The Green Swordtail Xiphophorus Hellerii, Rafael Cuevas-Uribe, Huiping Yang, Jonathan Daly, Markita G. Savage, Ronald B. Walter, Terrence R. Tiersch Dec 2011

Production Of F 1 Offspring With Vitrified Sperm From A Live-Bearing Fish, The Green Swordtail Xiphophorus Hellerii, Rafael Cuevas-Uribe, Huiping Yang, Jonathan Daly, Markita G. Savage, Ronald B. Walter, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

This study reports the first production of offspring with vitrified sperm from a live-bearing fish Xiphophorus hellerii. The overall goal of this study was to develop streamlined protocols for integration into a standardized approach for vitrification of aquatic species germplasm. The objectives were to (1) estimate acute toxicity of cryoprotectants, (2) evaluate vitrification solutions, (3) compare different thawing methods, (4) evaluate membrane integrity of post-thaw sperm vitrified in different cryoprotectants, and (5) evaluate the fertility of vitrified sperm. Nine cryoprotectants and two commercial vitrification additives were tested for acute toxicity and glass forming ability, alone and in combination. Two vitrification …

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Accounting Methods To Effectively Measure The Performance Of Public Universities' Academic Units And Increase Allocation Efficiency: The Role Of Research Grants, Madeleine Arivett Dec 2011

Accounting Methods To Effectively Measure The Performance Of Public Universities' Academic Units And Increase Allocation Efficiency: The Role Of Research Grants, Madeleine Arivett

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectral Signature And Hydration Of The Oxalate Dianion, Daniel G. Kuroda, Robin M. Hochstrasser Nov 2011

Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectral Signature And Hydration Of The Oxalate Dianion, Daniel G. Kuroda, Robin M. Hochstrasser

Faculty Publications

Ultrafast vibrational spectra of the aqueous oxalate ion in the region of its carboxylate asymmetric stretch modes show novel relaxation processes. Two-dimensional infrared vibrational echo spectra and the vibrational dynamics obtained from them along with measurements of the anisotropy decay provide a picture in which the localization of the oxalate vibrational excitation onto the carboxylate groups occurs in ∼450 fs. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to characterize the vibrational dynamics in terms of dihedral angle motion between the two carboxylate planes and solvation dynamics. The localization of the oxalate vibrational excitation onto the carboxylates is induced by the fluctuations in …

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Positive Cooperative Mechanistic Binding Of Proteins At Low Concentrations: A Comparison Of Poly (Sodium N-Undecanoyl Sulfate) And Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, Susmita Das, Monica R. Sylvain, Vivian E. Fernand, Jack N. Losso, Bilal El-Zahab, Isiah M. Warner Nov 2011

Positive Cooperative Mechanistic Binding Of Proteins At Low Concentrations: A Comparison Of Poly (Sodium N-Undecanoyl Sulfate) And Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, Susmita Das, Monica R. Sylvain, Vivian E. Fernand, Jack N. Losso, Bilal El-Zahab, Isiah M. Warner

Faculty Publications

The interactions of the negatively charged achiral molecular micelle, poly (sodium N-undecanoyl sulfate) (poly-SUS), with four different proteins using intrinsic and extrinsic fluorescence spectroscopic probes, are studied. A comparison of poly-SUS with the conventional surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and the monomeric species, SUS, is also reported. In this work, we observed that poly-SUS preferentially binds to acidic proteins, exhibiting positive cooperativity at concentrations less than 1. mM for all proteins studied. Moreover, it appears that the hydrophobic microdomain formed through polymerization of the terminal vinyl group of the monomer, SUS, is largely responsible for the superior binding capacity of …

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Competencies: A Cure For Pre-Med Curriculum, Winston A. Anderson, Richard M. Amasino, Manuel Ares, Utpal Banerjee, Bonnie Bartel, Victor G. Corces, Catherine L. Drennan, Sarah C.R. Elgin, Irving R. Epstein, Ellen Fanning, Louis J. Guillette, J. O. Handelsman, Graham F. Hatfull, Ronald Raymond Hoy, Darcy Kelley, Leslie A. Leinwand, Richard Losick, Yi Lu, David G. Lynn, Claudia Neuhauser, Diane K. O'Dowd, Toto Olivera, Pavel Pevzner, Rebecca R. Richards-Kortum, Jasper Rine, Robert L. Sah, Scott A. Strobel, Graham C. Walker, David R. Walt, Isiah M. Warner, Sue Wessler, Huntington F. Willard, Richard N. Zare Nov 2011

Competencies: A Cure For Pre-Med Curriculum, Winston A. Anderson, Richard M. Amasino, Manuel Ares, Utpal Banerjee, Bonnie Bartel, Victor G. Corces, Catherine L. Drennan, Sarah C.R. Elgin, Irving R. Epstein, Ellen Fanning, Louis J. Guillette, J. O. Handelsman, Graham F. Hatfull, Ronald Raymond Hoy, Darcy Kelley, Leslie A. Leinwand, Richard Losick, Yi Lu, David G. Lynn, Claudia Neuhauser, Diane K. O'Dowd, Toto Olivera, Pavel Pevzner, Rebecca R. Richards-Kortum, Jasper Rine, Robert L. Sah, Scott A. Strobel, Graham C. Walker, David R. Walt, Isiah M. Warner, Sue Wessler, Huntington F. Willard, Richard N. Zare

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Synthesis Of Oligopeptide Fragments For An Skp1 Mimetic, Jarret Curtis Nov 2011

Synthesis Of Oligopeptide Fragments For An Skp1 Mimetic, Jarret Curtis

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Syntheses And Cellular Investigations Of 17 3-, 15 2-, And 13 1-Amino Acid Derivatives Of Chlorin E 6, R. G.Waruna Jinadasa, Xiaoke Hu, M. Graça H. Vicente, Kevin M. Smith Nov 2011

Syntheses And Cellular Investigations Of 17 3-, 15 2-, And 13 1-Amino Acid Derivatives Of Chlorin E 6, R. G.Waruna Jinadasa, Xiaoke Hu, M. Graça H. Vicente, Kevin M. Smith

Faculty Publications

A series of amino acid conjugates of chlorin e 6, containing lysine or aspartic acid residues in positions 17 3, 15 2, or 13 1 of the macrocycle were synthesized and investigated as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy of tumors. All three regioisomers were synthesized in good yields and in five steps or less from pheophytin a (1). In vitro investigations using human carcinoma HEp2 cells show that the 15 2-lysyl regioisomers accumulate the most within cells, and the most phototoxic are the 13 1 regioisomers. The main determinant of biological efficacy appears to be the conjugation site, probably because of …

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Faculty Senate Resolution 11-17, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College Nov 2011

Faculty Senate Resolution 11-17, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

LSU Faculty Senate Publications

Faculty Senate Resolution on elections for members of the LSU Graduate Council, adopted on November 3, 2011.

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Investigating Combinatorial Approaches In Virtual Screening On Human Inducible 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphatase (Pfkfb3): A Case Study For Small Molecule Kinases, Robert B. Crochet, Michael C. Cavalier, Minsuh Seo, Jeong Do Kim, Young Sun Yim, Seung Jong Park, Yong Hwan Lee Nov 2011

Investigating Combinatorial Approaches In Virtual Screening On Human Inducible 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphatase (Pfkfb3): A Case Study For Small Molecule Kinases, Robert B. Crochet, Michael C. Cavalier, Minsuh Seo, Jeong Do Kim, Young Sun Yim, Seung Jong Park, Yong Hwan Lee

Faculty Publications

Efforts toward improving the predictiveness in tier-based approaches to virtual screening (VS) have mainly focused on protein kinases. Despite their significance as drug targets, small molecule kinases have been rarely tested with these approaches. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of a pharmacophore screening-combined structure-based docking approach on the human inducible 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase, an emerging target for cancer chemotherapy. Six out of a total 1364 compounds from NCI's Diversity Set II were selected as true actives via throughput screening. Using a database constructed from these compounds, five programs were tested for structure-based docking (SBD) performance, the MOE of which showed …

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Arabidopsis Pht1; 5 Plays An Integral Role In Phosphate Homeostasis, Aaron P. Smith, Vinay K. Nagarajan, Kashchandra G. Raghothama Nov 2011

Arabidopsis Pht1; 5 Plays An Integral Role In Phosphate Homeostasis, Aaron P. Smith, Vinay K. Nagarajan, Kashchandra G. Raghothama

Faculty Publications

The mobilization of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in planta is a complex process regulated by a number of developmental and environmental cues. Plants possess many Pi transporters that acquire Pi from the rhizosphere and translocate it throughout the plant. A few members of the high-affinity Pht1 family of Pi transporters have been functionally characterized and, for the most part, have been shown to be involved in Pi acquisition. We recently demonstrated that the Arabidopsis Pi transporter, Pht1;5, plays a key role in translocating Pi between tissues. Loss-of-function pht1;5 mutant seedlings accumulated more P in shoots relative to wild type but less …

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Radical-Containing Particles Activate Dendritic Cells And Enhance Th17 Inflammation In A Mouse Model Of Asthma, Pingli Wang, Paul Thevenot, Jordy Saravia, Terry Ahlert, Stephania A. Cormier Nov 2011

Radical-Containing Particles Activate Dendritic Cells And Enhance Th17 Inflammation In A Mouse Model Of Asthma, Pingli Wang, Paul Thevenot, Jordy Saravia, Terry Ahlert, Stephania A. Cormier

Faculty Publications

We identified a previously unrecognized component of airborne particulate matter (PM) formed in combustion and thermal processes, namely, environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs). The pulmonary health effects of EPFRs are currently unknown. In the present study, we used a model EPFR-containing pollutant-particle system referred to as MCP230. We evaluated the effects of MCP230 on the phenotype and function of bone marrow - derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro and lung dendritic cells (DCs) in vivo, and the subsequent T-cell response. We also investigated the adjuvant role of MCP230 on airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. MCP230 decreased intracellular …

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Horizontal Transmission Of Rickettsia Felis Between Cat Fleas, Ctenocephalides Felis, Supanee Hirunkanokpun, Chutima Thepparit, Lane D. Foil, Kevin R. Macaluso Nov 2011

Horizontal Transmission Of Rickettsia Felis Between Cat Fleas, Ctenocephalides Felis, Supanee Hirunkanokpun, Chutima Thepparit, Lane D. Foil, Kevin R. Macaluso

Faculty Publications

Rickettsia felis is a rickettsial pathogen primarily associated with the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis. Although laboratory studies have confirmed that R. felis is maintained by transstadial and transovarial transmission in C. felis, distinct mechanisms of horizontal transmission of R. felis among cat fleas are undefined. Based on the inefficient vertical transmission of R. felis by cat fleas and the detection of R. felis in a variety of haematophagous arthropods, we hypothesize that R. felis is horizontally transmitted between cat fleas. Towards testing this hypothesis, flea transmission of R. felis via a bloodmeal was assessed weekly for 4 weeks. Rhodamine B …

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Elimination Of The Nlrp3-Asc Inflammasome Protects Against Chronic Obesity-Induced Pancreatic Damage, Yun Hee Youm, Ayinuer Adijiang, Bolormaa Vandanmagsar, David Burk, Anthony Ravussin, Vishwa Deep Dixit Nov 2011

Elimination Of The Nlrp3-Asc Inflammasome Protects Against Chronic Obesity-Induced Pancreatic Damage, Yun Hee Youm, Ayinuer Adijiang, Bolormaa Vandanmagsar, David Burk, Anthony Ravussin, Vishwa Deep Dixit

Faculty Publications

Clinical evidence that the blockade of IL-1β in type-2 diabetic patients improves glycemia is indicative of an autoinflammatory mechanism that may trigger adiposity-driven pancreatic damage. IL-1β is a key contributor to the obesity-induced inflammation and subsequent insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, and the onset of type 2 diabetes. Our previous studies demonstrated that the ceramides activate the Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3) inflammasome to cause the generation of mature IL-1β and ablation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome in diet-induced obesity improves insulin signaling. However, it remains unclear whether the post-translational processing of active IL-1β in pancreas is regulated …

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Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Loci Influencing Concentrations Of Liver Enzymes In Plasma, J. C. Chambers, W. Zhang, J. Sehmi, X. Li, M. N. Wass, P. Van Der Harst, H. Holm, S. Sanna, M. Kavousi, S. E. Baumeister, L. J. Coin, G. Deng, C. Gieger, N. L. Heard-Costa, J. J. Hottenga, B. Kühnel, V. Kumar, V. Lagou, L. Liang, J. Luan, P. M. Vidal, I. Mateo Leach, P. F. O'Reilly, J. F. Peden, N. Rahmioglu, P. Soininen, E. K. Speliotes, X. Yuan, G. Thorleifsson, B. Z. Alizadeh, L. D. Atwood, I. B. Borecki, M. J. Brown Nov 2011

Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Loci Influencing Concentrations Of Liver Enzymes In Plasma, J. C. Chambers, W. Zhang, J. Sehmi, X. Li, M. N. Wass, P. Van Der Harst, H. Holm, S. Sanna, M. Kavousi, S. E. Baumeister, L. J. Coin, G. Deng, C. Gieger, N. L. Heard-Costa, J. J. Hottenga, B. Kühnel, V. Kumar, V. Lagou, L. Liang, J. Luan, P. M. Vidal, I. Mateo Leach, P. F. O'Reilly, J. F. Peden, N. Rahmioglu, P. Soininen, E. K. Speliotes, X. Yuan, G. Thorleifsson, B. Z. Alizadeh, L. D. Atwood, I. B. Borecki, M. J. Brown

Faculty Publications

Concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma are widely used as indicators of liver disease. We carried out a genome-wide association study in 61,089 individuals, identifying 42 loci associated with concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma, of which 32 are new associations (P = 10-8 to P = 10-190). We used functional genomic approaches including metabonomic profiling and gene expression analyses to identify probable candidate genes at these regions. We identified 69 candidate genes, including genes involved in biliary transport (ATP8B1 and ABCB11), glucose, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (FADS1, FADS2, GCKR, JMJD1C, HNF1A, MLXIPL, PNPLA3, PPP1R3B, SLC2A2 and TRIB1), glycoprotein biosynthesis …

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The Efficacy Of Detecting Variants With Small Effects On The Affymetrix 6.0 Platform Using Pooled Dna, Charleston W.K. Chiang, Zofia K.Z. Gajdos, Joshua M. Korn, Johannah L. Butler, Rachel Hackett, Candace Guiducci, Thutrang T. Nguyen, Rainford Wilks, Terrence Forrester, Katherine D. Henderson, Loic Le Marchand, Brian E. Henderson, Christopher A. Haiman, Richard S. Cooper, Helen N. Lyon, Xiaofeng Zhu, Colin A. Mckenzie, Mark R. Palmert, Joel N. Hirschhorn Nov 2011

The Efficacy Of Detecting Variants With Small Effects On The Affymetrix 6.0 Platform Using Pooled Dna, Charleston W.K. Chiang, Zofia K.Z. Gajdos, Joshua M. Korn, Johannah L. Butler, Rachel Hackett, Candace Guiducci, Thutrang T. Nguyen, Rainford Wilks, Terrence Forrester, Katherine D. Henderson, Loic Le Marchand, Brian E. Henderson, Christopher A. Haiman, Richard S. Cooper, Helen N. Lyon, Xiaofeng Zhu, Colin A. Mckenzie, Mark R. Palmert, Joel N. Hirschhorn

Faculty Publications

Genome-wide genotyping of a cohort using pools rather than individual samples has long been proposed as a cost-saving alternative for performing genome-wide association (GWA) studies. However, successful disease gene mapping using pooled genotyping has thus far been limited to detecting common variants with large effect sizes, which tend not to exist for many complex common diseases or traits. Therefore, for DNA pooling to be a viable strategy for conducting GWA studies, it is important to determine whether commonly used genome-wide SNP array platforms such as the Affymetrix 6.0 array can reliably detect common variants of small effect sizes using pooled …

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The Remarkable Evolutionary History Of Endornaviruses, Marilyn J. Roossinck, Sead Sabanadzovic, Ryo Okada, Rodrigo A. Valverde Nov 2011

The Remarkable Evolutionary History Of Endornaviruses, Marilyn J. Roossinck, Sead Sabanadzovic, Ryo Okada, Rodrigo A. Valverde

Faculty Publications

The family Endornaviridae contains several members from diverse hosts, including plants, fungi and oomycetes. They are found as large dsRNA elements with a nick in the coding strand. All members encode a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, but no other domain that is conserved among all members. Based on the conserved domain database comparison the various domains have different origins, indicating a highly modular evolutionary history. In some cases, domains with similar putative functions are found that are derived from different protein families, indicating convergent evolution for a required function. © 2011 SGM.

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Trace Metals In Porewater Of Surface Sediments And Their Bioavailability In Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China, Siyuan Ye, Edward A. Laws, Xigui Ding, Hongming Yuan, Guangming Zhao, Jin Wang Nov 2011

Trace Metals In Porewater Of Surface Sediments And Their Bioavailability In Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China, Siyuan Ye, Edward A. Laws, Xigui Ding, Hongming Yuan, Guangming Zhao, Jin Wang

Faculty Publications

Samples of porewater and the edible tissue of mottled clams, Ruditapes variegatus, were collected simultaneously at each of 12 stations from Jiaozhou Bay near Qingdao, China, in June of 2003. Chemical analysis focused on trace metals and major elements. Porewater concentrations of Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn were distributed in a bimodal fashion among the 12 stations, with mean concentrations at six of the stations being 8-32 times mean values at the other six stations. The concentrations of the same metals in clams were remarkably similar among stations, the coefficients of variation being only 12-37%. Calculations performed with the computer …

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Influence Of Substrate Modification And C-Terminal Truncation On The Active Site Structure Of Substrate-Bound Heme Oxygenase From Neisseriae Meningitidis. A 1H Nmr Study, Dungeng Peng, James D. Satterlee, Li Hua Ma, Jerry L. Dallas, Kevin M. Smith, Xuhong Zhang, Michihiko Sato, Gerd N. La Mar Oct 2011

Influence Of Substrate Modification And C-Terminal Truncation On The Active Site Structure Of Substrate-Bound Heme Oxygenase From Neisseriae Meningitidis. A 1H Nmr Study, Dungeng Peng, James D. Satterlee, Li Hua Ma, Jerry L. Dallas, Kevin M. Smith, Xuhong Zhang, Michihiko Sato, Gerd N. La Mar

Faculty Publications

Heme oxygenase (HO), from the pathogenic bacterium N. meningitidis(NmHO), which secures host iron, shares many properties with mammalian HOs but also exhibits some key differences. The crystal structure appears more compact, and the crystal-undetected C-terminus interacts with substrate in solution. The unique nature of substrate-protein, specifically pyrrole-I/II-helix-2, peripheral interactions in NmHO are probed by 2D 1H NMR to reveal unique structural features controlling substrate orientation. The thermodynamics of substrate orientational isomerism are mapped for substrates with individual vinyl → methyl → hydrogen substitutions and with enzyme C-terminal deletions. NmHO exhibits significantly stronger orientational preference, reflecting much stronger and selective pyrrole-I/II …

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Why Not Consider A Spherical Protein? Implications Of Backbone Hydrogen Bonding For Protein Structure And Function, Michal Brylinski, Mu Gao, Jeffrey Skolnick Oct 2011

Why Not Consider A Spherical Protein? Implications Of Backbone Hydrogen Bonding For Protein Structure And Function, Michal Brylinski, Mu Gao, Jeffrey Skolnick

Faculty Publications

The intrinsic ability of protein structures to exhibit the geometric features required for molecular function in the absence of evolution is examined in the context of three systems: the reference set of real, single domain protein structures, a library of computationally generated, compact homopolypeptides, artificial structures with protein-like secondary structural elements, and quasi-spherical random proteins packed at the same density as proteins but lacking backbone secondary structure and hydrogen bonding. Without any evolutionary selection, the library of artificial structures has similar backbone hydrogen bonding, global shape, surface to volume ratio and statistically significant structural matches to real protein global structures. …

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Viral Double-Strand Rna-Binding Proteins Can Enhance Innate Immune Signaling By Toll-Like Receptor 3, Yvonne Lai, Guanghui Yi, Alice Chen, Kanchan Bhardwaj, Brady J. Tragesser, Rodrigo A. Valverde, Adam Zlotnick, Suchetana Mukhopadhyay, C. T. Ranjith-Kumar, C. Cheng Kao Oct 2011

Viral Double-Strand Rna-Binding Proteins Can Enhance Innate Immune Signaling By Toll-Like Receptor 3, Yvonne Lai, Guanghui Yi, Alice Chen, Kanchan Bhardwaj, Brady J. Tragesser, Rodrigo A. Valverde, Adam Zlotnick, Suchetana Mukhopadhyay, C. T. Ranjith-Kumar, C. Cheng Kao

Faculty Publications

Toll-like Receptor 3 (TLR3) detects double-stranded (ds) RNAs to activate innate immune responses. While poly(I:C) is an excellent agonist for TLR3 in several cell lines and in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, viral dsRNAs tend to be poor agonists, leading to the hypothesis that additional factor(s) are likely required to allow TLR3 to respond to viral dsRNAs. TLR3 signaling was examined in a lung epithelial cell line by quantifying cytokine production and in human embryonic kidney cells by quantifying luciferase reporter levels. Recombinant 1b hepatitis C virus polymerase was found to enhance TLR3 signaling in the lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells …

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Genetic Variants In Novel Pathways Influence Blood Pressure And Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Georg B. Ehret, Patricia B. Munroe, Kenneth M. Rice, Murielle Bochud, Andrew D. Johnson, Daniel I. Chasman, Albert V. Smith, Martin D. Tobin, Germaine C. Verwoert, Shih Jen Hwang, Vasyl Pihur, Peter Vollenweider, Paul F. O'Reilly, Najaf Amin, Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham, Alexander Teumer, Nicole L. Glazer, Lenore Launer, Jing Hua Zhao, Yurii Aulchenko, Simon Heath, Siim Sober, Afshin Parsa, Jian'an Luan, Pankaj Arora, Abbas Dehghan, Feng Zhang, Gavin Lucas, Andrew A. Hicks, Anne U. Jackson, John F. Peden, Toshiko Tanaka, Sarah H. Wild Oct 2011

Genetic Variants In Novel Pathways Influence Blood Pressure And Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Georg B. Ehret, Patricia B. Munroe, Kenneth M. Rice, Murielle Bochud, Andrew D. Johnson, Daniel I. Chasman, Albert V. Smith, Martin D. Tobin, Germaine C. Verwoert, Shih Jen Hwang, Vasyl Pihur, Peter Vollenweider, Paul F. O'Reilly, Najaf Amin, Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham, Alexander Teumer, Nicole L. Glazer, Lenore Launer, Jing Hua Zhao, Yurii Aulchenko, Simon Heath, Siim Sober, Afshin Parsa, Jian'an Luan, Pankaj Arora, Abbas Dehghan, Feng Zhang, Gavin Lucas, Andrew A. Hicks, Anne U. Jackson, John F. Peden, Toshiko Tanaka, Sarah H. Wild

Faculty Publications

Blood pressure is a heritable trait influenced by several biological pathways and responsive to environmental stimuli. Over one billion people worldwide have hypertension (≥140mmg Hg systolic blood pressure ≥90mmg Hg diastolic blood pressure). Even small increments in blood pressure are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. This genome-wide association study of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which used a multi-stage design in 200,000 individuals of European descent, identified sixteen novel loci: six of these loci contain genes previously known or suspected to regulate blood pressure (GUCY1A3 GUCY1B3, NPR3 C5orf23, ADM, FURIN FES, GOSR2, GNAS EDN3); the other ten …

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Rumi Functions As Both A Protein O-Glucosyltransferase And A Protein O-Xylosyltransferase, Hideyuki Takeuchi, Rodrigo C. Fernańdez-Valdivia, Devin S. Caswell, Aleksandra Nita-Lazar, Nadia A. Rana, Thomas P. Garner, Thomas K. Weldeghiorghis, Megan A. Macnaughtan, Hamed Jafar-Nejad, Robert S. Haltiwanger Oct 2011

Rumi Functions As Both A Protein O-Glucosyltransferase And A Protein O-Xylosyltransferase, Hideyuki Takeuchi, Rodrigo C. Fernańdez-Valdivia, Devin S. Caswell, Aleksandra Nita-Lazar, Nadia A. Rana, Thomas P. Garner, Thomas K. Weldeghiorghis, Megan A. Macnaughtan, Hamed Jafar-Nejad, Robert S. Haltiwanger

Faculty Publications

Mutations in rumi result in a temperature-sensitive loss of Notch signaling in Drosophila. Drosophila Rumi is a soluble, endoplasmic reticulum-retained protein with a CAP10 domain that functions as a protein O-glucosyltransferase. In human and mouse genomes, three potential Rumi homologues exist: one with a high degree of identity to Drosophila Rumi (52%), and two others with lower degrees of identity but including a CAP10 domain (KDELC1 and KDELC2). Here we show that both mouse and human Rumi, but not KDELC1 or KDELC2, catalyze transfer of glucose from UDPglucose to an EGF repeat from human factor VII. Similarly, human Rumi, but …

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Dietary-Resistant Starch Improves Maternal Glycemic Control In Goto-Kakizaki Rat, Li Shen, Michael J. Keenan, Anne Raggio, Cathy Williams, Roy J. Martin Oct 2011

Dietary-Resistant Starch Improves Maternal Glycemic Control In Goto-Kakizaki Rat, Li Shen, Michael J. Keenan, Anne Raggio, Cathy Williams, Roy J. Martin

Faculty Publications

Scope: Dietary prebiotics show potential in anti-diabetes. Dietary resistant starch (RS) has a favorable impact on gut hormone profiles, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) consistently released, a potent anti-diabetic incretin. Also RS reduced body fat and improved glucose tolerance in rats and mice. In the current project, we hypothesize that dietary-resistant starch can improve insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β cell mass in a type 2 diabetic rat model. Altered gut fermentation and microbiota are the initial mechanisms, and enhancement in serum GLP-1 is the secondary mechanism. Methods and results: In this study, GK rats were fed an RS diet with 30% …

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Dietary-Resistant Starch Improves Maternal Glycemic Control In Goto-Kakizaki Rat, Li Shen, Michael J. Keenan, Anne Raggio, Cathy Williams, Roy J. Martin Oct 2011

Dietary-Resistant Starch Improves Maternal Glycemic Control In Goto-Kakizaki Rat, Li Shen, Michael J. Keenan, Anne Raggio, Cathy Williams, Roy J. Martin

Faculty Publications

Scope: Dietary prebiotics show potential in anti-diabetes. Dietary resistant starch (RS) has a favorable impact on gut hormone profiles, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) consistently released, a potent anti-diabetic incretin. Also RS reduced body fat and improved glucose tolerance in rats and mice. In the current project, we hypothesize that dietary-resistant starch can improve insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β cell mass in a type 2 diabetic rat model. Altered gut fermentation and microbiota are the initial mechanisms, and enhancement in serum GLP-1 is the secondary mechanism. Methods and results: In this study, GK rats were fed an RS diet with 30% …

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Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2011, Lsu Agcenter Oct 2011

Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2011, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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