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Telomere Maintenance Genes Sirt1 And Xrcc6 Impact Age-Related Decline In Telomere Length But Only Sirt1 Is Associated With Human Longevity, Sangkyu Kim, Xiuhua Bi, Malwina Czarny-Ratajczak, Jianliang Dai, David A. Welsh, Leann Myers, Michael A. Welsch, Katie E. Cherry, Jonathan Arnold, Leonard W. Poon, Michal Jazwinski Apr 2012

Telomere Maintenance Genes Sirt1 And Xrcc6 Impact Age-Related Decline In Telomere Length But Only Sirt1 Is Associated With Human Longevity, Sangkyu Kim, Xiuhua Bi, Malwina Czarny-Ratajczak, Jianliang Dai, David A. Welsh, Leann Myers, Michael A. Welsch, Katie E. Cherry, Jonathan Arnold, Leonard W. Poon, Michal Jazwinski

Faculty Publications

Leukocyte telomere length is widely considered a biomarker of human age and in many studies indicative of health or disease. We have obtained quantitative estimates of telomere length from blood leukocytes in a population sample, confirming results of previous studies that telomere length significantly decreases with age. Telomere length was also positively associated with several measures of healthy aging, but this relationship was dependent on age. We screened two genes known to be involved in telomere maintenance for association with the age-related decline in telomere length observed in our population to identify candidate longevity-associated genes. A single-nucleotide polymorphism located in …

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S12rs Sgr No. 10 (Camd Support), Vincent, Grashoff, Loga Apr 2012

S12rs Sgr No. 10 (Camd Support), Vincent, Grashoff, Loga

Student Senate Enrolled Legislation

No abstract provided.

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Functional Morphology Of The Spiracle And Surrounding Structures Of The Spiny Dogfish Shark, Squalus Acanthias, Clint Mcferren Apr 2012

Functional Morphology Of The Spiracle And Surrounding Structures Of The Spiny Dogfish Shark, Squalus Acanthias, Clint Mcferren

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Long‐Term Survival Of Escherichia Coli In The Environment And Growth Advantage In Stationary Phase, Elizabeth Mengis Apr 2012

Long‐Term Survival Of Escherichia Coli In The Environment And Growth Advantage In Stationary Phase, Elizabeth Mengis

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Synthesis And Cellular Investigations Of The 131-Lysyl Derivative Of Chlorin E6, Stewart Wynn Humble Apr 2012

Synthesis And Cellular Investigations Of The 131-Lysyl Derivative Of Chlorin E6, Stewart Wynn Humble

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Understanding The Auto-Regulation Of Leukotriene Biosynthesis A Model Of Inactivation For 5-Lipoxgenase, Erin E. Schexnaydre Apr 2012

Understanding The Auto-Regulation Of Leukotriene Biosynthesis A Model Of Inactivation For 5-Lipoxgenase, Erin E. Schexnaydre

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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A Timeless Impermanence, Michelle Thomas Apr 2012

A Timeless Impermanence, Michelle Thomas

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Phylogeny And Phylogeography Of Mantophryne (Anura: Microhylidae) Reveals Cryptic Diversity In New Guinea, Lauren Oliver Apr 2012

Phylogeny And Phylogeography Of Mantophryne (Anura: Microhylidae) Reveals Cryptic Diversity In New Guinea, Lauren Oliver

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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The Glutamate Effect On The Functionality Of Pol I Dna Polymerases, Mytrang Hoang Do Apr 2012

The Glutamate Effect On The Functionality Of Pol I Dna Polymerases, Mytrang Hoang Do

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Functional Analysis Of General Odorant Binding Protein 2 From The Meadow Moth, Loxostege Sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Jiao Yin, Honglin Feng, Hongyan Sun, Jinghui Xi, Yazhong Cao, Kebin Li Mar 2012

Functional Analysis Of General Odorant Binding Protein 2 From The Meadow Moth, Loxostege Sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Jiao Yin, Honglin Feng, Hongyan Sun, Jinghui Xi, Yazhong Cao, Kebin Li

Faculty Publications

Odorant binding proteins play a crucial role in transporting semiochemicals across the sensillum lymph to olfactory receptors within the insect antennal sensilla. In this study, the general odorant binding protein 2 gene was cloned from the antennae of Loxostege sticticalis, using reverse transcription PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. Recombinant LstiGOBP2 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by Ni ion affinity chromatography. Real-time PCR assays indicated that LstiGOBP2 mRNA is expressed mainly in adult antennae, with expression levels differing with developmental age. Ligand-binding experiments using N-phenyl-naphthylamine (1-NPN) as a fluorescent probe demonstrated that the LstiGOBP2 protein has binding …

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An Alu-Based Phylogeny Of Gibbons (Hylobatidae), James Michael Oldenburg Mar 2012

An Alu-Based Phylogeny Of Gibbons (Hylobatidae), James Michael Oldenburg

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Reply To Jenkins Et Al.: Evidence For Contaminating Oil Exposure Is Closely Linked In Space And Time To Biological Effects, Andrew Whitehead, Benjamin Dubansky, Charlotte Bodinier, Tzintzuni I. Garcia, Scott Miles, Chet Pilley, Vandana Raghunathan, Jennifer L. Roach, Nan Walker, Ronald B. Walter, Charles D. Rice, Fernando Galvez Mar 2012

Reply To Jenkins Et Al.: Evidence For Contaminating Oil Exposure Is Closely Linked In Space And Time To Biological Effects, Andrew Whitehead, Benjamin Dubansky, Charlotte Bodinier, Tzintzuni I. Garcia, Scott Miles, Chet Pilley, Vandana Raghunathan, Jennifer L. Roach, Nan Walker, Ronald B. Walter, Charles D. Rice, Fernando Galvez

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Buffalo, Bush Meat, And The Zoonotic Threat Of Brucellosis In Botswana, Kathleen Anne Alexander, Jason Kenna Blackburn, Mark Eric Vandewalle, Risa Pesapane, Eddie Kekgonne Baipoledi, Phil H. Elzer Mar 2012

Buffalo, Bush Meat, And The Zoonotic Threat Of Brucellosis In Botswana, Kathleen Anne Alexander, Jason Kenna Blackburn, Mark Eric Vandewalle, Risa Pesapane, Eddie Kekgonne Baipoledi, Phil H. Elzer

Faculty Publications

Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance infecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Little is known about the epidemiology and persistence of brucellosis in wildlife in Southern Africa, particularly in Botswana. Methods: Archived wildlife samples from Botswana (1995-2000) were screened with the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) and included the African buffalo (247), bushbuck (1), eland (5), elephant (25), gemsbok (1), giraffe (9), hartebeest (12), impala (171), kudu (27), red lechwe (10), reedbuck (1), rhino (2), springbok (5), steenbok (2), warthog (24), waterbuck (1), wildebeest (33), honey badger (1), lion (43), and zebra (21). …

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Preserving And Using Germplasm And Dissociated Embryonic Cells For Conserving Caribbean And Pacific Coral, Mary Hagedorn, Virginia Carter, Kelly Martorana, Malia K. Paresa, Jason Acker, Iliana B. Baums, Eric Borneman, Michael Brittsan, Michael Byers, Michael Henley, Michael Laterveer, Jo Ann Leong, Megan Mccarthy, Stuart Meyers, Brian D. Nelson, Dirk Petersen, Terrence Tiersch, Rafael Cuevas Uribe, Erik Woods, David Wildt Mar 2012

Preserving And Using Germplasm And Dissociated Embryonic Cells For Conserving Caribbean And Pacific Coral, Mary Hagedorn, Virginia Carter, Kelly Martorana, Malia K. Paresa, Jason Acker, Iliana B. Baums, Eric Borneman, Michael Brittsan, Michael Byers, Michael Henley, Michael Laterveer, Jo Ann Leong, Megan Mccarthy, Stuart Meyers, Brian D. Nelson, Dirk Petersen, Terrence Tiersch, Rafael Cuevas Uribe, Erik Woods, David Wildt

Faculty Publications

Coral reefs are experiencing unprecedented degradation due to human activities, and protecting specific reef habitats may not stop this decline, because the most serious threats are global (i.e., climate change), not local. However, ex situ preservation practices can provide safeguards for coral reef conservation. Specifically, modern advances in cryobiology and genome banking could secure existing species and genetic diversity until genotypes can be introduced into rehabilitated habitats. We assessed the feasibility of recovering viable sperm and embryonic cells post-thaw from two coral species, Acropora palmata and Fungia scutaria that have diffferent evolutionary histories, ecological niches and reproductive strategies. In vitro …

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Life At The Extreme: Lessons From The Genome, Dong Ha Oh, Maheshi Dassanayake, Hans J. Bohnert, John M. Cheeseman Mar 2012

Life At The Extreme: Lessons From The Genome, Dong Ha Oh, Maheshi Dassanayake, Hans J. Bohnert, John M. Cheeseman

Faculty Publications

© 2012 BioMed Central Ltd. Extremophile plants thrive in places where most plant species cannot survive. Recent developments in high-throughput technologies and comparative genomics are shedding light on the evolutionary mechanisms leading to their adaptation.

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Spike Resonance Properties In Hippocampal O-Lm Cells Are Dependent On Refractory Dynamics., Kispersky Tj, Fernandez Fr, Economo Mn, White Ja Mar 2012

Spike Resonance Properties In Hippocampal O-Lm Cells Are Dependent On Refractory Dynamics., Kispersky Tj, Fernandez Fr, Economo Mn, White Ja

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Tropical Tree Seedling Growth Responses To Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium Addition, Louis S. Santiago, S. Joseph Wright, Kyle E. Harms, Joseph B. Yavitt, Carmi Korine, Milton N. Garcia, Benjamin L. Turner Mar 2012

Tropical Tree Seedling Growth Responses To Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium Addition, Louis S. Santiago, S. Joseph Wright, Kyle E. Harms, Joseph B. Yavitt, Carmi Korine, Milton N. Garcia, Benjamin L. Turner

Faculty Publications

Nutrients are a critical resource for plant growth, but the elements limiting growth in tropical forests have rarely been determined. We investigated the influence of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and micronutrients on seedling biomass and nutrient allocation in a factorial nutrient fertilization experiment in lowland tropical forest at the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, Panama. We also measured 8years of herbivory and growth for 1800 seedlings. We sought to determine the identity of limiting elements and possible nutrient interactions. The five study species were Alseis blackiana, Desmopsis panamensis, Heisteria concinna, Sorocea affinis and Tetragastris panamensis. Plants grew in deeply …

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Evidence That Thaxtomin C Is A Pathogenicity Determinant Of Streptomyces Ipomoeae, The Causative Agent Of Streptomyces Soil Rot Disease Of Sweet Potato, Dongli Guan, Brenda L. Grau, Christopher A. Clark, Carol M. Taylor, Rosemary Loria, Gregg S. Pettis Mar 2012

Evidence That Thaxtomin C Is A Pathogenicity Determinant Of Streptomyces Ipomoeae, The Causative Agent Of Streptomyces Soil Rot Disease Of Sweet Potato, Dongli Guan, Brenda L. Grau, Christopher A. Clark, Carol M. Taylor, Rosemary Loria, Gregg S. Pettis

Faculty Publications

Streptomyces ipomoeae is the causal agent of Streptomyces soil rot of sweet potato, a disease marked by highly necrotic destruction of adventitious roots, including the development of necrotic lesions on the fleshy storage roots. Streptomyces potato scab pathogens produce a phytotoxin (thaxtomin A) that appears to facilitate their entrance into host plants. S. ipomoeae produces a less-modified thaxtomin derivative (thaxtomin C) whose role in pathogenicity has not been examined. Here, we cloned and sequenced the thaxtomin gene cluster (txt) of S. ipomoeae, and we then constructed targeted txt mutants that no longer produced thaxtomin C. The mutants were unable to …

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Influence Of Immobilized Biomolecules On Magnetic Bead Plug Formation And Retention In Capillary Electrophoresis, Rachel L. Henken, Rattikan Chantiwas, S. Douglass Gilman Mar 2012

Influence Of Immobilized Biomolecules On Magnetic Bead Plug Formation And Retention In Capillary Electrophoresis, Rachel L. Henken, Rattikan Chantiwas, S. Douglass Gilman

Faculty Publications

Significant changes in the formation and retention of magnetic bead plugs in a capillary during electrophoresis were studied, and it was demonstrated that these effects were due to the type of biological molecule immobilized on the surface of these beads. Three biological molecules, an antibody, an oligonucleotide, and alkaline phosphatase (AP), were attached to otherwise identical streptavidin-coated magnetic beads through biotin-avidin binding in order to isolate differences in bead immobilization in a magnetic field resulting from the type of biological molecule immobilized on the bead surface. AP was also attached to the magnetic beads using epoxy groups on the bead …

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Arthropod Community Associated With Tropical Soda Apple And Natural Enemies Of Gratiana Boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) In Florida, R. Diaz, K. Hibbard, A. Samayoa, W. A. Overholt Mar 2012

Arthropod Community Associated With Tropical Soda Apple And Natural Enemies Of Gratiana Boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) In Florida, R. Diaz, K. Hibbard, A. Samayoa, W. A. Overholt

Faculty Publications

Arthropods associated with the exotic weed tropical soda apple were collected in Florida. We found that tropical soda apple is a suitable host for several insect pests of agricultural and ornamental plants. Additionally, we report several predators, parasitoids and entomopathogens of Gratiana boliviana, a biological control agent of tropical soda apple.

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Tshkt1;2, A Hkt1 Homolog From The Extremophile Arabidopsis Relative Thellungiella Salsuginea, Shows K + Specificity In The Presence Of Nacl, Zahir Ali, Hyeong Cheol Park, Akhtar Ali, Dong Ha Oh, Rashid Aman, Anna Kropornicka, Hyewon Hong, Wonkyun Choi, Woo Sik Chung, Woe Yeon Kim, Ray A. Bressan, Hans J. Bohnert, Sang Yeol Lee, Dae Jin Yun Mar 2012

Tshkt1;2, A Hkt1 Homolog From The Extremophile Arabidopsis Relative Thellungiella Salsuginea, Shows K + Specificity In The Presence Of Nacl, Zahir Ali, Hyeong Cheol Park, Akhtar Ali, Dong Ha Oh, Rashid Aman, Anna Kropornicka, Hyewon Hong, Wonkyun Choi, Woo Sik Chung, Woe Yeon Kim, Ray A. Bressan, Hans J. Bohnert, Sang Yeol Lee, Dae Jin Yun

Faculty Publications

Cellular Na +/K + ratio is a crucial parameter determining plant salinity stress resistance. We tested the function of plasma membrane Na +/K + cotransporters in the High-affinity K + Transporter (HKT) family from the halophytic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) relative Thellungiella salsuginea. T. salsuginea contains at least two HKT genes. TsHKT1;1 is expressed at very low levels, while the abundant TsHKT1;2 is transcriptionally strongly up-regulated by salt stress. TsHKT-based RNA interference in T. salsuginea resulted in Na + sensitivity and K + deficiency. The athkt1 mutant lines overexpressing TsHKT1;2 proved less sensitive to Na + and showed less K + …

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Erratum To: An Adaptive Composite Density Estimator For K-Tree Sampling(Eur J Forest Res, 10.1007/S10342-011-0502-8), Steen Magnussen, Lutz Fehrman, William J. Platt Mar 2012

Erratum To: An Adaptive Composite Density Estimator For K-Tree Sampling(Eur J Forest Res, 10.1007/S10342-011-0502-8), Steen Magnussen, Lutz Fehrman, William J. Platt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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First Report Of A Mermithid Nematode Infecting Piezodorus Guildinii And Acrosternum Hilare (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) In The United States, Katherine L. Kamminga, Jeffrey A. Davis, S. Patricia Stock, Arthur R. Richter Mar 2012

First Report Of A Mermithid Nematode Infecting Piezodorus Guildinii And Acrosternum Hilare (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) In The United States, Katherine L. Kamminga, Jeffrey A. Davis, S. Patricia Stock, Arthur R. Richter

Faculty Publications

A mermithid nematode emerged from stink bugs, Acrosternum hilare and Piezodorus guildinii, collected from Louisiana soybean fields. Photographs of this parasite are presented. An analysis conducted by amplifying 18S rDNA revealed that the nematode belongs to the genus Hexamermis. A BLAST search indicated that the sequence (696 bp) has the closest match to Hexamermis agrotis Wang et al. 18S ribosomal RNA gene. This is the first report of a Hexamermis sp. infecting A. hilare worldwide and a mermithid infecting P. guildinii in the United States.

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Impact Of The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis Invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), On Biological Control Of Salvinia Minima (Hydropteridales: Salviniaceae) By Cyrtobagous Salviniae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Katherine A. Parys, Seth J. Johnson Mar 2012

Impact Of The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis Invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), On Biological Control Of Salvinia Minima (Hydropteridales: Salviniaceae) By Cyrtobagous Salviniae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Katherine A. Parys, Seth J. Johnson

Faculty Publications

A 2-yr study of the impacts of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, on the success of Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder & Sands as a biological control agent of common salvinia, Salvinia minima Baker, was undertaken in southern Louisiana. Floating moats were constructed around 8 release sites where C. salviniae was introduced as a biological control agent. These moats were used to restrict access to the release site by red imported fire ants in half the quadrats. Moating was successful in limiting the number of red imported fire ants in the release sites over the course of the study …

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Pathogen Persistence In The Environment And Insect-Baculovirus Interactions: Disease-Density Thresholds, Epidemic Burnout, And Insect Outbreaks, Emma Fuller, Bret D. Elderd, Greg Dwyer Mar 2012

Pathogen Persistence In The Environment And Insect-Baculovirus Interactions: Disease-Density Thresholds, Epidemic Burnout, And Insect Outbreaks, Emma Fuller, Bret D. Elderd, Greg Dwyer

Faculty Publications

Classical epidemic theory focuses on directly transmitted pathogens, but many pathogens are instead transmitted when hosts encounter infectious particles. Theory has shown that for such diseases pathogen persistence time in the environment can strongly affect disease dynamics, but estimates of persistence time, and consequently tests of the theory, are extremely rare. We consider the consequences of persistence time for the dynamics of the gypsy moth baculovirus, a pathogen transmitted when larvae consume foliage contaminated with particles released from infectious cadavers. Using field-transmission experiments, we are able to estimate persistence time under natural conditions, and inserting our estimates into a standard …

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Stability And Stabilization For Models Of Chemostats With Multiple Limiting Substrates, Frédéric Mazenc, Michael Malisoff Mar 2012

Stability And Stabilization For Models Of Chemostats With Multiple Limiting Substrates, Frédéric Mazenc, Michael Malisoff

Faculty Publications

We study chemostat models in which multiple species compete for two or more limiting nutrients. First, we consider the case where the nutrient flow and species removal rates and input nutrient concentrations are all given as positive constants. In that case, we use Brouwer degree theory to give conditions guaranteeing that the models admit globally asymptotically stable componentwise positive equilibrium points, from all componentwise positive initial states. Then we use the results to develop stabilization theory for a class of controlled chemostats with two or more limiting nutrients. For cases where the dilution rate and input nutrient concentrations can be …

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The Ubiquitin Ligase Siah2 Regulates Pparγ Activity In Adipocytes, Gail Kilroy, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Lauren E. Carter, Z. Elizabeth Floyd Mar 2012

The Ubiquitin Ligase Siah2 Regulates Pparγ Activity In Adipocytes, Gail Kilroy, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Lauren E. Carter, Z. Elizabeth Floyd

Faculty Publications

Moderate reductions in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ levels control insulin sensitivity as effectively as activation of PPARγ in adipocytes by the thiazolidinediones. That observation suggests that PPARγ activity can be regulated by modulating the amount of PPARγ protein in adipocytes. Activation of PPARγ in adipocytes is linked to changes in PPARγ protein levels via increased degradation of PPARγ proteins by the ubiquitin proteasome system. Identification of the ubiquitin ligase or ligases that recognize ligand bound PPARγ is an essential step in determining the physiological significance of the relationship between activation and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of PPARγ. Using an RNA interference-based screen, …

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Tolerance, Fermentation, And Cytokine Expression In Healthy Aged Male C57bl/6j Mice Fed Resistant Starch, June Zhou, Michael J. Keenan, Jeffrey Keller, Sun O. Fernandez-Kim, Paul J. Pistell, Richard T. Tulley, Anne M. Raggio, Li Shen, Hanjie Zhang, Roy J. Martin, Marc R. Blackman Mar 2012

Tolerance, Fermentation, And Cytokine Expression In Healthy Aged Male C57bl/6j Mice Fed Resistant Starch, June Zhou, Michael J. Keenan, Jeffrey Keller, Sun O. Fernandez-Kim, Paul J. Pistell, Richard T. Tulley, Anne M. Raggio, Li Shen, Hanjie Zhang, Roy J. Martin, Marc R. Blackman

Faculty Publications

Health benefits of resistant starch (RS), a dietary fermentable fiber, have been well documented in young, but not in old populations. As the essential step of more comprehensive evaluations of RS on healthy aging, we examined the effects of dietary RS on tolerance, colonic fermentation, and cytokine expression in aged mice. Healthy older (18-20 months) C57BL/6J male mice were fed control, 18% RS, or 36% RS diets for 10weeks. Body weight gain, body composition, and fat pad weights did not differ among the three groups after 10weeks, indicating good tolerance of the RS diet. Fermentation indicators (cecum weights, and cecal …

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Process Length Scales And Longitudinal Damping In Karst Conduits, M. D. Covington, A. J. Luhmann, C. M. Wicks, M. O. Saar Mar 2012

Process Length Scales And Longitudinal Damping In Karst Conduits, M. D. Covington, A. J. Luhmann, C. M. Wicks, M. O. Saar

Faculty Publications

Simple mathematical models often allow an intuitive grasp of the function of physical systems. We develop a mathematical framework to investigate reactive or dissipative transport processes within karst conduits. Specifically, we note that for processes that occur within a characteristic timescale, advection along the conduit produces a characteristic process length scale. We calculate characteristic length scales for the propagation of thermal and electrical conductivity signals along karst conduits. These process lengths provide a quantitative connection between karst conduit geometry and the signals observed at a karst spring. We show that water input from the porous/fractured matrix is also characterized by …

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Three Routes To Modulate The Pore Size Of The Mscl Channel/Nanovalve, Li Min Yang, Robin Wray, Juandell Parker, Danyell Wilson, Randolph S. Duran, Paul Blount Feb 2012

Three Routes To Modulate The Pore Size Of The Mscl Channel/Nanovalve, Li Min Yang, Robin Wray, Juandell Parker, Danyell Wilson, Randolph S. Duran, Paul Blount

Faculty Publications

MscL is a bacterial mechanosensitive channel that protects cells from lysis upon acute decrease in external osmotic environment. It is one of the best characterized mechanosensors known, thus serving as a paradigm of how such molecules sense and respond to stimuli. In addition, the fact that it can be genetically modified, expressed, isolated, and manipulated has led to its proposed use as a triggered nanovalve for various functions including sensors within microelectronic array chips, as well as vesicular-based targeted drug release. X-ray crystallography reveals a homopentameric complex with each subunit containing two transmembrane α-helices (TM1 and TM2) and a single …

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