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Mlr-1023 Treatment In Mice And Humans Induces A Thermogenic Program, And Menthol Potentiates The Effect, Candida J. Rebello, Ann A. Coulter, Andrew G. Reaume, Weina Cong, Luke A. Cusimano, Frank L. Greenway Nov 2021

Mlr-1023 Treatment In Mice And Humans Induces A Thermogenic Program, And Menthol Potentiates The Effect, Candida J. Rebello, Ann A. Coulter, Andrew G. Reaume, Weina Cong, Luke A. Cusimano, Frank L. Greenway

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

A glucose-lowering medication that acts by a different mechanism than metformin, or other approved diabetes medications, can supplement monotherapies when patients fail to meet blood glucose goals. We examined the actions underlying the effects of an insulin sensitizer, tolimidone (MLR-1023) and investigated its effects on body weight. Diet-induced obesity (CD1/ICR) and type 2 diabetes (db/db) mouse models were used to study the effect of MLR-1023 on metabolic outcomes and to explore its synergy with menthol. We also examined the efficacy of MLR-1023 alone in a clinical trial (NCT02317796), as well as in combination with menthol in human adipocytes. MLR-1023 produced …

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The Breath Print Represents A Novel Biomarker Of Malnutrition In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Proof Of Concept Study, Jacob T. Mey, Mary C. Rath, Kathleen Mclaughlin, Marianne Galang, Kathryn Lynch, Jaime Dimattio, Hillary Nason, Shengping Yang, Celia A. Melillo, David E. Grove, Adriano R. Tonelli, Gustavo A. Heresi, John P. Kirwan, Raed A. Dweik Nov 2021

The Breath Print Represents A Novel Biomarker Of Malnutrition In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Proof Of Concept Study, Jacob T. Mey, Mary C. Rath, Kathleen Mclaughlin, Marianne Galang, Kathryn Lynch, Jaime Dimattio, Hillary Nason, Shengping Yang, Celia A. Melillo, David E. Grove, Adriano R. Tonelli, Gustavo A. Heresi, John P. Kirwan, Raed A. Dweik

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Background: The breath print is a quantitative measurement of molecules in exhaled breath and represents a new frontier for biomarker identification. It is unknown whether this state-of-the-art, noninvasive method can detect malnutrition. We hypothesize that individuals with malnutrition will present with a distinguishable breath print. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review on patients with previously analyzed breath samples to identify malnutrition. Breath was analyzed by selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry. Registered dietitians conducted a retrospective chart review to collect malnutrition diagnoses and nutrition status indicators. Patients were categorized into one of four groups: pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), PAH with malnutrition …

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A Whole-Grain Diet Increases Whole-Body Protein Balance Compared With A Macronutrient-Matched Refined-Grain Diet, Jacob T. Mey, Jean Philippe Godin, Amanda R. Scelsi, Emily L. Kullman, Steven K. Malin, Shengping Yang, Z. Elizabeth Floyd, Alexander Poulev, Roger A. Fielding, Alastair B. Ross, John P. Kirwan Nov 2021

A Whole-Grain Diet Increases Whole-Body Protein Balance Compared With A Macronutrient-Matched Refined-Grain Diet, Jacob T. Mey, Jean Philippe Godin, Amanda R. Scelsi, Emily L. Kullman, Steven K. Malin, Shengping Yang, Z. Elizabeth Floyd, Alexander Poulev, Roger A. Fielding, Alastair B. Ross, John P. Kirwan

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Background: There are limited data from randomized control trials to support or refute the contention that whole-grains can enhance protein metabolism in humans. Objectives: To examine: 1) the clinical effects of a whole-grain diet on whole-body protein turnover; 2) the cellular effects of whole-grains on protein synthesis in skeletal muscle cells; and 3) the population effects of whole-grain intake on age-related muscle loss. Methods: Adults with overweight/obesity (n = 14; age = 40 ± 7 y; BMI = 33 ± 5 kg/m2) were recruited into a crossover, randomized controlled trial (NCT01411540) in which isocaloric, macronutrient-matched whole-grain and refined-grain diets were …

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Bioactive Compounds From Artemisia Dracunculus L. Activate Ampk Signaling In Skeletal Muscle, B. Vandanmagsar, Y. Yu, C. Simmler, T. N. Dang, P. Kuhn, A. Poulev, D. M. Ribnicky, G. F. Pauli, Z. E. Floyd Nov 2021

Bioactive Compounds From Artemisia Dracunculus L. Activate Ampk Signaling In Skeletal Muscle, B. Vandanmagsar, Y. Yu, C. Simmler, T. N. Dang, P. Kuhn, A. Poulev, D. M. Ribnicky, G. F. Pauli, Z. E. Floyd

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

An extract from Artemisia dracunculus L. (termed PMI-5011) improves glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin action and reducing ectopic lipid accumulation, while increasing fat oxidation in skeletal muscle tissue in obese insulin resistant male mice. A chalcone, DMC-2, in PMI-5011 is the major bioactive that enhances insulin signaling and activation of AKT. However, the mechanism by which PMI-5011 improves lipid metabolism is unknown. AMPK is the cellular energy and metabolic sensor and a key regulator of lipid metabolism in muscle. This study examined PMI-5011 activation of AMPK signaling using murine C2C12 muscle cell culture and skeletal muscle tissue. Findings show that …

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Exploring Text Mining For Recent Consumer And Sensory Studies About Alternative Proteins, Ziyang Chen, Cristhiam Gurdian, Chetan Sharma, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Damir D. Torrico Nov 2021

Exploring Text Mining For Recent Consumer And Sensory Studies About Alternative Proteins, Ziyang Chen, Cristhiam Gurdian, Chetan Sharma, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Damir D. Torrico

Faculty Publications

Increased meat consumption has been associated with the overuse of fresh water, under-ground water contamination, land degradation, and negative animal welfare. To mitigate these problems, replacing animal meat products with alternatives such as plant-, insect-, algae-, or yeast-fermented-based proteins, and/or cultured meat, is a viable strategy. Nowadays, there is a vast amount of information regarding consumers’ perceptions of alternative proteins in scientific outlets. Sorting and arranging this information can be time-consuming. To overcome this drawback, text mining and Natural Language Processing (NLP) are introduced as novel approaches to obtain sensory data and rapidly identify current consumer trends. In this study, …

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Examining The Size-Specific Photosynthesis-Irradiance Parameters And Relationship With Phytoplankton Types In A Subtropical Marginal Sea, Haoran Liu, Yuyuan Xie, Yong Qiu, Lei Wang, Feipeng Wang, Edward A. Laws, Bangqin Huang Nov 2021

Examining The Size-Specific Photosynthesis-Irradiance Parameters And Relationship With Phytoplankton Types In A Subtropical Marginal Sea, Haoran Liu, Yuyuan Xie, Yong Qiu, Lei Wang, Feipeng Wang, Edward A. Laws, Bangqin Huang

Faculty Publications

Through photosynthesis, phytoplankton initiate material cycling and the flow of energy through marine ecosystems. The structure of marine ecosystems is sensitive to the size of primary producers, and size-specific photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) parameters are required for modeling the size-specific primary production. We defined a phytoplankton type to be a group of phytoplankton communities with similar compositions and hypothesized that a function of phytoplankton types might be used to quantify systematic differences of P-I parameters between size classes (structural effects) and variations of the magnitudes of those parameters if the overlap between habitats was small (environmental effects). To test this hypothesis, we …

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Serum Concentrations Of Sfas And Cdkal1 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Rs7747752 Are Related To An Increased Risk Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Hui Wang, Wen Yang, Jinnan Liu, Junhong Leng, Weiqin Li, Zhijie Yu, Jing Li, Ronald C.W. Ma, Gang Hu, Zhongze Fang, Ying Wang, Xilin Yang Nov 2021

Serum Concentrations Of Sfas And Cdkal1 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Rs7747752 Are Related To An Increased Risk Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Hui Wang, Wen Yang, Jinnan Liu, Junhong Leng, Weiqin Li, Zhijie Yu, Jing Li, Ronald C.W. Ma, Gang Hu, Zhongze Fang, Ying Wang, Xilin Yang

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: Interactions between genetic and nutritional factors can contribute to the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Objectives: We aimed to explore the associations of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7747752 and serum concentrations of SFAs with the risk of GDM in Chinese women. Methods: We conducted a 1:1 case-control study in a prospective cohort of pregnant women in Tianjin, China. Serum SFA data were collected from a total of 243 women with GDM and their controls matched by maternal age (±1 y). Among them, 207 case-control pairs had high-quality sequencing data. …

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Event-Triggered Control Using A Positive Systems Approach, Frédéric Mazenc, Michael Malisoff, Corina Barbalata, Zhong Ping Jiang Nov 2021

Event-Triggered Control Using A Positive Systems Approach, Frédéric Mazenc, Michael Malisoff, Corina Barbalata, Zhong Ping Jiang

Faculty Publications

We provide a new event-triggered control strategy that relies on the notion of positive systems. Our results cover output feedback, and robustness with respect to uncertain dynamics. Our proofs are based on interval observers. Our examples show potential advantages of our approach over earlier event-triggered methods.

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Twin Reactor Catalytic Assisted Pyrolysis For Food Court Waste Conversion Into High End Chemicals, Răzvan Nicolae State, Gabriela Ionescu, Mariana Pătrașcu, Adrian Volceanov, Dorin Boldor, Cosmin Mărculescu Nov 2021

Twin Reactor Catalytic Assisted Pyrolysis For Food Court Waste Conversion Into High End Chemicals, Răzvan Nicolae State, Gabriela Ionescu, Mariana Pătrașcu, Adrian Volceanov, Dorin Boldor, Cosmin Mărculescu

Faculty Publications

Waste generation is growing every day and its disposal presents multiple challenges. One particular type of waste consists of food court waste (FCW) from food areas in malls. Its disposal requires many stages, starting with transportation, continuing with sorting and recycling, and ending with landfilling or combustion. Thus, this study managed to convert FCW into valuable products, disposing of it at the same time in an environmentally friendly way. For this ex situ catalytic pyrolysis process, experiments were performed by passing products from pyrolysis performed at 500 °C through HZSM5 or MeHZSM5 catalyst (Me = Co, Mo) kept at 300, …

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Investigating Black Silicon Surface Geometry Via Parameter Modification And Low Flow Inductively Coupled Plasma Deep Reactive Ion Etching, Noah Mulherin Smith Nov 2021

Investigating Black Silicon Surface Geometry Via Parameter Modification And Low Flow Inductively Coupled Plasma Deep Reactive Ion Etching, Noah Mulherin Smith

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Comparing Expression And Localization Of Syntaxin-1a And The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator In Adult Gallus Gallus Retinas, Rachel Lauren Butz Nov 2021

Comparing Expression And Localization Of Syntaxin-1a And The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator In Adult Gallus Gallus Retinas, Rachel Lauren Butz

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Exploration Of Staphylococcus Aureus Immune Inhibitory Proteins’ Structures And Investigation Of Their Effects On Monocyte And T Cell Adhesion, Jena Elizabeth Bordelon Nov 2021

Exploration Of Staphylococcus Aureus Immune Inhibitory Proteins’ Structures And Investigation Of Their Effects On Monocyte And T Cell Adhesion, Jena Elizabeth Bordelon

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Investigating Plant Tolerance For The Management Of Insect Pests In Rice, James Michael Villegas Oct 2021

Investigating Plant Tolerance For The Management Of Insect Pests In Rice, James Michael Villegas

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is the most destructive and widespread insect pest of rice (Oryza sativa L., Poaceae) in the USA. This insect poses a global threat to rice production, having invaded rice-producing regions of Asia and Europe. Moreover, lepidopteran stemborers, particularly the invasive Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), are increasingly becoming problematic in Louisiana rice. Although insecticidal seed treatments have been widely used against weevils and stemborers, alternative management strategies are needed. Plants possess defense-related traits that both reduce injury from herbivores (resistance) and the amount of yield loss per …

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Historical Dna Solves An Evolutionary Mystery And Explains The Origin Of A Novel Phenotype In The New World Quails, Jessie Frances Salter Oct 2021

Historical Dna Solves An Evolutionary Mystery And Explains The Origin Of A Novel Phenotype In The New World Quails, Jessie Frances Salter

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Observations of phenotypic diversity among closely-related organisms, especially those preserved as museum specimens, have driven the fields of systematics, taxonomy, and evolutionary biology for hundreds of years. In this dissertation, I used genomic data from modern and historical specimens to investigate the evolutionary processes that have generated phenotypic and genetic diversity in a highly polytypic group of birds, the New World quails (Odontophoridae), with a focus on the most phenotypically diverse member of this family: Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus). To facilitate this work, I began by generating a highly contiguous reference genome assembly for Northern Bobwhites, which is …

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Evaluation Of Seasonal Heat Stress On Transcriptomic Profiles And Global Dna Methylation Of Bovine Oocytes, Fabian A. Diaz, Emilio J. Gutierrez-Castillo, Brittany A. Foster, Paige T. Hardin, Kenneth R. Bondioli, Zongliang Jiang Oct 2021

Evaluation Of Seasonal Heat Stress On Transcriptomic Profiles And Global Dna Methylation Of Bovine Oocytes, Fabian A. Diaz, Emilio J. Gutierrez-Castillo, Brittany A. Foster, Paige T. Hardin, Kenneth R. Bondioli, Zongliang Jiang

Faculty Publications

Heat stress affects oocyte developmental competence and is a major cause of reduced fertility in heat stressed cattle. Negative effects of heat stress on the oocyte have been observed at morphological, biochemical and developmental levels. However, the mechanisms by which heat stress affects the oocyte at the transcriptional and epigenetic levels remain to be further elucidated. Here we aimed to investigate the effect of heat stress on oocyte quality, transcriptomic profiles and DNA methylation of oocytes collected through the transition from spring to summer under Louisiana conditions. Summer season resulted in a lower number of high quality oocytes obtained compared …

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Colloidal Nanomaterial Surface Chemistry And Characterization Studied By Linear And Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Asela Sampath Dikkumbura Oct 2021

Colloidal Nanomaterial Surface Chemistry And Characterization Studied By Linear And Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Asela Sampath Dikkumbura

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Recent studies have demonstrated the use of nanomaterials such as metallic nanoparticles, liposomes, and polymer microparticles for biomedical applications, encompassing the field of nanomedicine. For developing novel core-shell metallic nanoparticles with controlled surface morphology, the in situ growth dynamics of colloidal silver-gold core-shell (Ag@Au CS) nanoparticles (NPs) in water are monitored in a stepwise synthesis approach using time-dependent second harmonic generation (SHG) and extinction spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy images show that the CS NP surface morphology becomes more smooth and uniform as the reaction proceeds, corresponding to lower, stable SHG signals and narrower plasmonic spectra that are compared to finite-difference …

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Ross Sea Dissolved Organic Matter Optical Properties During An Austral Summer: Biophysical Influences, Eurico J. D'Sa, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Sun-Yong Ha, Ishan Joshi Oct 2021

Ross Sea Dissolved Organic Matter Optical Properties During An Austral Summer: Biophysical Influences, Eurico J. D'Sa, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Sun-Yong Ha, Ishan Joshi

Faculty Publications

The Ross Sea, one of the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean, plays a significant role in deep water formation and carbon cycling. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption and fluorescence (FDOM) properties were studied in conjunction with biophysical properties during austral summer. Elevated values of both DOC (mean 47.82 ± 5.70 μM) and CDOM (absorption coefficient at 325 nm, acdom325: mean 0.31 ± 0.18 m–1) observed in the upper shelf waters in the southwest (SW), north of the Ross Ice Shelf (RIS), the northwest and along a transect inward of the shelf …

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Microbial Ecology Of Oxygen Minimum Zones Amidst Ocean Deoxygenation, Andrew M. Long, Sophie K. Jurgensen, Ariel R. Petchel, Emily R. Savoie, Jennifer R. Brum Oct 2021

Microbial Ecology Of Oxygen Minimum Zones Amidst Ocean Deoxygenation, Andrew M. Long, Sophie K. Jurgensen, Ariel R. Petchel, Emily R. Savoie, Jennifer R. Brum

Faculty Publications

Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) have substantial effects on the global ecology and biogeochemical processes of marine microbes. However, the diversity and activity of OMZ microbes and their trophic interactions are only starting to be documented, especially in regard to the potential roles of viruses and protists. OMZs have expanded over the past 60 years and are predicted to expand due to anthropogenic climate change, furthering the need to understand these regions. This review summarizes the current knowledge of OMZ formation, the biotic and abiotic factors involved in OMZ expansion, and the microbial ecology of OMZs, emphasizing the importance of bacteria, …

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Energy Compensation And Adiposity In Humans, Vincent Careau, Lewis G. Halsey, Herman Pontzer, Philip N. Ainslie, Lene F. Andersen, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Carlijn V.C. Bouten, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G.J.A. Camps, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Richard Cooper, Lara R. Dugas, Simon D. Eaton, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas Oct 2021

Energy Compensation And Adiposity In Humans, Vincent Careau, Lewis G. Halsey, Herman Pontzer, Philip N. Ainslie, Lene F. Andersen, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Carlijn V.C. Bouten, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G.J.A. Camps, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Richard Cooper, Lara R. Dugas, Simon D. Eaton, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas

Faculty Publications

Understanding the impacts of activity on energy balance is crucial. Increasing levels of activity may bring diminishing returns in energy expenditure because of compensatory responses in non-activity energy expenditures.1–3 This suggestion has profound implications for both the evolution of metabolism and human health. It implies that a long-term increase in activity does not directly translate into an increase in total energy expenditure (TEE) because other components of TEE may decrease in response—energy compensation. We used the largest dataset compiled on adult TEE and basal energy expenditure (BEE) (n = 1,754) of people living normal lives to find that energy compensation …

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Interactions Between Prepregnancy Overweight And Passive Smoking For Macrosomia And Large For Gestational Age In Chinese Pregnant Women, Dingyu Cui, Wen Yang, Ping Shao, Jing Li, Peng Wang, Junhong Leng, Shuo Wang, Enqing Liu, Juliana C.N. Chan, Zhijie Yu, Gang Hu, Xilin Yang Oct 2021

Interactions Between Prepregnancy Overweight And Passive Smoking For Macrosomia And Large For Gestational Age In Chinese Pregnant Women, Dingyu Cui, Wen Yang, Ping Shao, Jing Li, Peng Wang, Junhong Leng, Shuo Wang, Enqing Liu, Juliana C.N. Chan, Zhijie Yu, Gang Hu, Xilin Yang

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Introduction: Previous analysis showed that passive smoking and overweight were associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a synergistic manner, while GDM increased the risk of macrosomia/large for gestational age (LGA). This study aimed to examine any interactive effects between passive smoking and overweight/obesity on risk of macrosomia/LGA. Methods: From 2010 to 2012, 22,302 pregnant women registered for pregnancy at a primary hospital in Tianjin, China. Data were collected longitudinally; that is, from their first antenatal care visit, at the glucose challenge test (GCT) time (24-28 weeks of gestation) and at delivery. Passive smoking was self-reported. …

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Integrated Nutrient Management And Cover Cropping Practices In Louisiana Sugarcane Production Systems, Daniel Erneso Forestieri Oct 2021

Integrated Nutrient Management And Cover Cropping Practices In Louisiana Sugarcane Production Systems, Daniel Erneso Forestieri

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Integrating effective fertilizer management with conservation practices is essential to improve farm income and promote environment friendly sugarcane production systems. A study was conducted in multiple to document the impact of nitrogen (N) source and cover cropping on sugarcane yield and quality components. The treatment consisted of different N sources: urea, knife-in urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution, calcium nitrate-CaNO3, ammonium sulfate-NH4SO4, and knife-in UAN. + foliar N, applied at 90 kg ha-1 and control (0 N). The cover crops included: crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), and oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.) planted at 13, 17, and 1 …

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Binary And Ternary Toxicological Interactions Of Clothianidin And Eight Commonly Used Pesticides On Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera), Yanhua Wang, Yu Cheng Zhu, Wenhong Li, Jianxiu Yao, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Lu Lv Oct 2021

Binary And Ternary Toxicological Interactions Of Clothianidin And Eight Commonly Used Pesticides On Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera), Yanhua Wang, Yu Cheng Zhu, Wenhong Li, Jianxiu Yao, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Lu Lv

Faculty Publications

Although many toxicological evaluations have been conducted for honey bees (Apis mellifera), most of these studies have only focused on the effects of individual chemicals. However, honey bees are usually exposed to pesticide mixtures under field conditions. In this study, we examined the effects of individual pesticides and mixtures of clothianidin (CLO) with eight other pesticides [carbaryl (CAR), thiodicarb (THI), chlorpyrifos (CHL), beta-cyfluthrin (BCY), gamma-cyhalothrin (GCY), tetraconazole (TET), spinosad (SPI) and indoxacarb (IND)] on honey bees using a feeding method. Toxicity tests of a 4-day exposure to individual pesticides revealed that CLO had the highest toxicity to A. mellifera, with …

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Potent Anti-Inflammatory, Arylpyrazole-Based Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists That Do Not Impair Insulin Secretion, Brandon J. Kennedy, Ashley M. Lato, Alexander R. Fisch, Susan J. Burke, Justin K. Kirkland, Carson W. Prevatte, Lee E. Dunlap, Russell T. Smith, Konstantinos D. Vogiatzis, J. Jason Collier, Shawn R. Campagna Oct 2021

Potent Anti-Inflammatory, Arylpyrazole-Based Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists That Do Not Impair Insulin Secretion, Brandon J. Kennedy, Ashley M. Lato, Alexander R. Fisch, Susan J. Burke, Justin K. Kirkland, Carson W. Prevatte, Lee E. Dunlap, Russell T. Smith, Konstantinos D. Vogiatzis, J. Jason Collier, Shawn R. Campagna

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in medicine for their role in the treatment of autoimmune-mediated conditions, certain cancers, and organ transplantation. The transcriptional activities GCs elicit include transrepression, postulated to be responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity, and transactivation, proposed to underlie the undesirable side effects associated with long-term use. A GC analogue that could elicit only transrepression and beneficial transactivation properties would be of great medicinal value and is highly sought after. In this study, a series of 1-(4-substituted phenyl)pyrazole-based GC analogues were synthesized, biologically screened, and evaluated for SARs leading to the desired activity. Activity observed in compounds bearing …

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Integration Of Host Plant Resistance And Cultural Tactics For Management Of Root- And Stem-Feeding Insect Pests In Rice, James M. Villegas, Blake E. Wilson, Michael J. Stout Oct 2021

Integration Of Host Plant Resistance And Cultural Tactics For Management Of Root- And Stem-Feeding Insect Pests In Rice, James M. Villegas, Blake E. Wilson, Michael J. Stout

Faculty Publications

The rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, is the most important early-season pest of rice in the U.S. Additionally, lepidopteran stem-boring pests particularly the invasive Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), are increasingly becoming problematic in Louisiana rice. Although insecticidal seed treatments have been widely adopted and have proven highly effective against weevils and stemborers, alternative management tactics are needed. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of flood timing and rice cultivar on rice water weevil and stemborer infestations. Field experiments were conducted in Crowley, Louisiana, from 2019–2020. In each year, early- and late-planted trials were established according …

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Diffusional Fractionation Of Helium Isotopes In Silicate Melts, Haiyang Luo, Bijaya Karki, Dipta B. Ghosh, Huiming Bao Oct 2021

Diffusional Fractionation Of Helium Isotopes In Silicate Melts, Haiyang Luo, Bijaya Karki, Dipta B. Ghosh, Huiming Bao

Faculty Publications

Estimating Helium (He) concentration and isotope composition of the mantle requires quantifying He loss during magma degassing. The knowledge of diffusional He isotope fractionation in silicate melts may be essential to constrain the He loss. Isotopic mass dependence of He diffusion can be empirically expressed as D3He/D4He = (4/3)^β, where D is the diffusivity of a He isotope. However, no studies have reported any β values for He in silicate melts due to technical challenges in both experiments and computations. Here, molecular dynamics simulations based on deep neural network potentials trained by ab initio data …

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Investigation Of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Pathogenesis Of Mammalian Cells, Paige Elise Allen Oct 2021

Investigation Of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Pathogenesis Of Mammalian Cells, Paige Elise Allen

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia are obligate intracellular bacteria that are transmitted by ticks during a bloodmeal to a mammalian host. Interestingly, the SFG pathogen, Rickettsia conorii, has been shown to infect and grow in macrophages with a similar efficiency as the target endothelial cell, whereas a non-human pathogenic counterpart, Rickettsia montanensis, is unable to grow within macrophages. We have since determine that this phenotype applies to other pathogenic and non-human pathogenic Rickettsia, showing a correlation with growth in macrophages and rickettsial virulence. Recently, our lab has also defined host proteins that are altered during macrophage infection with …

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Enviromic Assembly Increases Accuracy And Reduces Costs Of The Genomic Prediction For Yield Plasticity In Maize, Germano Costa-Neto, Jose Crossa, Roberto Fritsche-Neto Oct 2021

Enviromic Assembly Increases Accuracy And Reduces Costs Of The Genomic Prediction For Yield Plasticity In Maize, Germano Costa-Neto, Jose Crossa, Roberto Fritsche-Neto

Faculty Publications

Quantitative genetics states that phenotypic variation is a consequence of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Predictive breeding is based on this statement, and because of this, ways of modeling genetic effects are still evolving. At the same time, the same refinement must be used for processing environmental information. Here, we present an “enviromic assembly approach,” which includes using ecophysiology knowledge in shaping environmental relatedness into whole-genome predictions (GP) for plant breeding (referred to as enviromic-aided genomic prediction, E-GP). We propose that the quality of an environment is defined by the core of environmental typologies and their frequencies, which …

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Big Bird Plots: Benchmarking Neotropical Bird Communities To Address Questions In Ecology And Conservation In An Era Of Rapid Change, W. Douglas Robinson, Dan Errichetti, Henry S. Pollock, Ari Martinez, Philip C. Stouffer, Fang Yu Shen, John G. Blake Oct 2021

Big Bird Plots: Benchmarking Neotropical Bird Communities To Address Questions In Ecology And Conservation In An Era Of Rapid Change, W. Douglas Robinson, Dan Errichetti, Henry S. Pollock, Ari Martinez, Philip C. Stouffer, Fang Yu Shen, John G. Blake

Faculty Publications

Extensive networks of large plots have the potential to transform knowledge of avian community dynamics through time and across geographical space. In the Neotropics, the global hotspot of avian diversity, only six 100-ha plots, all located in lowland forests of Amazonia, the Guianan shield and Panama, have been inventoried sufficiently. We review the most important lessons learned about Neotropical forest bird communities from those big bird plots and explore opportunities for creating a more extensive network of additional plots to address questions in ecology and conservation, following the model of the existing ForestGEO network of tree plots. Scholarly impact of …

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Anticipating And Adapting To The Future Impacts Of Climate Change On The Health, Security And Welfare Of Low Elevation Coastal Zone (Lecz) Communities In Southeastern Usa, Thomas Allen, Joshua Behr, Anamaria Bukvic, Ryan S.D. Calder, Kiki Caruson, Charles Connor, Christopher D’Elia, David Dismukes, Robin Ersing Oct 2021

Anticipating And Adapting To The Future Impacts Of Climate Change On The Health, Security And Welfare Of Low Elevation Coastal Zone (Lecz) Communities In Southeastern Usa, Thomas Allen, Joshua Behr, Anamaria Bukvic, Ryan S.D. Calder, Kiki Caruson, Charles Connor, Christopher D’Elia, David Dismukes, Robin Ersing

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2021, Lsu Agcenter Oct 2021

Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2021, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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