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Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Spring 1996, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station Apr 1996

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Spring 1996, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Acute Depression Of Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis During Anoxia: Contributions Of Oxygen Sensing, Matrix Acidification, And Redox State, Kurt E. Kwast, Steven C. Hand Mar 1996

Acute Depression Of Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis During Anoxia: Contributions Of Oxygen Sensing, Matrix Acidification, And Redox State, Kurt E. Kwast, Steven C. Hand

Faculty Publications

Mitochondrial protein synthesis is acutely depressed during anoxia-induced quiescence in embryos of Artemia franciscana. Oxygen deprivation is accompanied in vivo by a dramatic drop in extramitochondrial pH, and both of these alterations strongly inhibit protein synthesis in isolated mitochondria. Here we show that the oxygen dependence is not explained simply by blockage of the electron transport chain or by the increased redox state. Whereas oxygen deprivation substantially depressed protein synthesis within 5 min and resulted in a 77% reduction after 1 h, aerobic incubations with saturating concentrations of cyanide or antimycin A had little effect during the first 20 min …

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A New Species Of Rock-Dwelling Phyllodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) From The Richtersveld, South Africa, Aaron M. Bauer, William R. Branch, David A. Good Jan 1996

A New Species Of Rock-Dwelling Phyllodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) From The Richtersveld, South Africa, Aaron M. Bauer, William R. Branch, David A. Good

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Assembly And Mutations Outside The Active Site On The Functional Ph Dependence Of Escherichia Coli Aspartate Transcarbamylase, Xiaoling Yuan, Vince J. Licata, Norma M. Allewell Jan 1996

Effects Of Assembly And Mutations Outside The Active Site On The Functional Ph Dependence Of Escherichia Coli Aspartate Transcarbamylase, Xiaoling Yuan, Vince J. Licata, Norma M. Allewell

Faculty Publications

Electrostatics are central to the function and regulation of Escherichia coli aspartate transcarbamylase, and modeling has suggested that long range electrostatic effects are likely to be important (Glackin, M. P., McCarthy, M. P., Mallikarachchi, D., Matthew, J. B., and Allewell, N. M. (1989) Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 5, 66-77; Oberoi, H., Trikha, J., Yuan, X., and Allewell, N. M. (1995) Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet., in press). To investigate this possibility from an experimental standpoint, we have examined the effects both of assembly and of removing ionizable and polar side chains outside the active site (Glu-50, Tyr-165, and Tyr-240) on the …

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A Miocene Hedgehog (Mammalia: Erinaceidae) From Fort Polk In Western Louisiana, Judith A. Schiebout Jan 1996

A Miocene Hedgehog (Mammalia: Erinaceidae) From Fort Polk In Western Louisiana, Judith A. Schiebout

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Climate Change On Hypoxia In Coastal Waters: A Doubled Co2 Scenario For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, D Justic, N N. Rabalais, R. Eugene Turner Jan 1996

Effects Of Climate Change On Hypoxia In Coastal Waters: A Doubled Co2 Scenario For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, D Justic, N N. Rabalais, R. Eugene Turner

Faculty Publications

Projections of general circulation models suggest that freshwater discharge from the Mississippi River to the coastal ocean will increase 20% if atmospheric CO2 concentration doubles. This result is likely to affect water column stability, surface productivity, and global oxygen cycling in the northern Gulf of Mexico, which is the site of the largest (up to 16,500 km(2)) and most severe hypoxic zone (liter(-1)) in the western Atlantic Ocean. We use a coupled physical-biological two-box model to investigate potential effects of climate change on seasonal oxygen cycling and hypoxia in river-dominated coastal waters. The model was developed and calibrated using comprehensive …

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Black Women's Listening: An Ethnography Of Listening In A Southern Inner-City Adult Learning Center., Jennifer Ann Falls Jan 1996

Black Women's Listening: An Ethnography Of Listening In A Southern Inner-City Adult Learning Center., Jennifer Ann Falls

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The research investigated the phenomenon of listening in the context of adult literacy education. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe listening from the points of view of African American women who were teachers and adult learners in a welfare reform program. Using ethnography as a research methodology, this two-year study explored listening as it occurred in the Writing Class, a classroom culture that was situated in a Southern, inner-city adult learning center (Spindler & Spindler, 1982). The study investigated women's assumptions about listening, their own listening behaviors, and the behaviors they expected of listeners. An aim …

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Pilot-Scale Solvent Sublation For The Removal Of Hydrophobic Compounds From Wastewaters., Jeffrey Scott Smith Jan 1996

Pilot-Scale Solvent Sublation For The Removal Of Hydrophobic Compounds From Wastewaters., Jeffrey Scott Smith

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Solvent sublation is a nonfoaming adsorptive bubble process which exploits the surface active nature of organic compounds in their removal from aqueous systems. Gas bubbles are introduced into an aqueous media and are buoyed upward to an immiscible organic solvent. As the bubbles rise, organic materials are selectively adsorbed from the aqueous phase and transported to the overlying, quiescent solvent layer. This dissertation studied three-phase, continuous solvent sublation of pyrene and pentachlorophenol from simulated wastewater at the pilot-scale. Steady-state removal efficiencies as high as 96% for pyrene and 94% for pentachlorophenol were demonstrated and were significantly greater than the corresponding …

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Genetics Of Oviposition Success Of A Thelytokous Fairyfly Parasitoid, Anagrus Delicatus, James T. Cronin, Donald R. Strong Jan 1996

Genetics Of Oviposition Success Of A Thelytokous Fairyfly Parasitoid, Anagrus Delicatus, James T. Cronin, Donald R. Strong

Faculty Publications

The foraging behaviour of the salt-marsh parasitoid, Anagrus delicatus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), is distinguished by few eggs laid per patch of hosts and frequent dispersal among patches. We investigated the within-population genetic variability in six quantitative traits associated with this unusual behaviour: fecundity (lifetime number of eggs), time on a patch, number of ovipositions per patch, oviposition rate, ovipositor length and tibia length (a measure of body size). Forty-one wasp isolines were initiated from single parthenogenetic females from three isolated salt marshes, and were maintained for up to eight generations in the greenhouse. We estimated the genetic variance and broad-sense heritability …

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The Phytochrome Gene Family In Grasses (Poaceae): A Phylogeny And Evidence That Grasses Have A Subset Of The Loci Found In Dicot Angiosperms, S. Mathews, Robert A. Sharrock Jan 1996

The Phytochrome Gene Family In Grasses (Poaceae): A Phylogeny And Evidence That Grasses Have A Subset Of The Loci Found In Dicot Angiosperms, S. Mathews, Robert A. Sharrock

Faculty Publications

The phytochrome nuclear gene family encodes photoreceptor proteins that mediate developmental responses to red and far red light throughout the life of the plant. From studies of the dicot flowering plant Arabidopsis, the family has been modeled as comprising five loci, PHYA-PHYE. However, it has been shown recently that the Arabidopsis model may not completely represent some flowering plant groups because additional PHY loci related to PHYA and PHYB of Arabidopsis apparently have evolved independently several times in dicots, and monocot flowering plants may lack orthologs of PHYD and PHYE of Arabidopsis. Nonetheless, the phytochrome nucleotide data were informative in …

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Characterization Of The Denaturation And Renaturation Of Human Plasma Vitronectin I. Biophysical Characterization Of Protein Unfolding And Multimerization, Ping Zhuang, Michael N. Blackburn, Cynthia B. Peterson Jan 1996

Characterization Of The Denaturation And Renaturation Of Human Plasma Vitronectin I. Biophysical Characterization Of Protein Unfolding And Multimerization, Ping Zhuang, Michael N. Blackburn, Cynthia B. Peterson

Faculty Publications

Upon treatment with denaturing agents, vitronectin has been observed to exhibit conformational alterations which are similar to the structural changes detected when vitronectin binds the thrombin-antithrombin complex or associates with the terminal attack complex of complement. Denaturation and renaturation of vitronectin isolated from human plasma were characterized by changes in intrinsic fluorescence. Unfolding by chemical denaturants was irreversible and accompanied by self-association of the protein to form vitronectin multimers. Self-association was evaluated by equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation which demonstrated that multimers form only during the refolding process after removal of denaturant, that multimeric vitronectin dissociates to constituent subunits readily upon treatment …

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The Bioeconomics Of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems, Richard F. Kazmierczak Jan 1996

The Bioeconomics Of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems, Richard F. Kazmierczak

LSU Agricultural Experiment Station Reports

No abstract provided.

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The Ecological Origins And Consequences Of Cattle Ranching In Sixteenth-Century New Spain, Andrew Sluyter Jan 1996

The Ecological Origins And Consequences Of Cattle Ranching In Sixteenth-Century New Spain, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

Despite the dramatic landscape changes Mexico has undergone due to the introduction of cattle ranching by the Spaniards in the early sixteenth century, the ecological origins of that pastroecosystem have remained obscure. About 1521, Gregorio de Villalobos implanted an Andalusian-derived herding ecology in the Gulf Coast lowlands that involved seasonal movement of cattle between wetlands and hill lands. Land-grant records demonstrate that as the colonial economy expanded, the transhumant model proliferated and came into conflict with those native settlements that had survived the pandemics of the early sixteenth century. In circumventing viceregal laws meant to protect native cultures and ecologies, …

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Efficient Long-Pcr Site-Specific Mutagenesis Of A High Gc Template, Vladimir Chouljenko, Sukhanya Jayachandra, Galina Rybachuk, Konstantin G. Kousoulas Jan 1996

Efficient Long-Pcr Site-Specific Mutagenesis Of A High Gc Template, Vladimir Chouljenko, Sukhanya Jayachandra, Galina Rybachuk, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

A long-PCR method was developed for the efficient site-specific mutagenesis of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) DNA fragments with high GC content. In this protocol, a PCR product was partially extended first using a cloned DNA fragment. The final mutagenized fragment was produced after a second extension using another PCR product and final amplification using external primers. The sequential use of two extension reduction increased the predicted frequency of the engineered mutation in the final product to 100%. This method was used to generate a mutated glycoprotein K (gK) gene specified by HSV-1. A recombinant virus that carried the mutated gK …

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Alu Fossil Relics - Distribution And Insertion Polymorphism, Santosh S. Arcot, Aaron W. Adamson, Jane E. Lamerdin, Brian Kanagy, Prescott L. Deininger, Anthony V. Carrano, Mark A. Batzer Jan 1996

Alu Fossil Relics - Distribution And Insertion Polymorphism, Santosh S. Arcot, Aaron W. Adamson, Jane E. Lamerdin, Brian Kanagy, Prescott L. Deininger, Anthony V. Carrano, Mark A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

Screening of a human genomic library with an oligonucleotide probe specific for one of the young subfamilies of Alu repeats (Ya5/8) resulted in the identification of several hundred positive clones. Thirty-three of these clones were analyzed in detail by DNA sequencing. Oligonucleotide primers complementary to the unique sequence regions flanking each Alu repeat were used in PCR-based assays to perform phylogenetic analyses, chromosomal localization, and insertion polymorphism analyses within different human population groups. All 33 Alu repeats were present only in humans and absent from orthologous positions in several nonhuman primate genomes. Seven Alu repeats were polymorphic for their presence/absence …

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Historical Diversification Of Birds In Northwestern South America: A Molecular Perspective On The Role Of Vicariant Events, Robb T. Brumfield, A. P. Capparella Jan 1996

Historical Diversification Of Birds In Northwestern South America: A Molecular Perspective On The Role Of Vicariant Events, Robb T. Brumfield, A. P. Capparella

Faculty Publications

Studies of South American biodiversity have identified several areas of endemism that may have enhanced historical diversification of South American organisms. Hypotheses concerning the derivation of birds in the Choco area of endemism in northwestern South America were evaluated using protein electrophoretic data from 14 taxonomically diverse species groups of birds. Nine of these groups demonstrated that the Choco area of endemism has a closer historical relationship to Central America than to Amazonia, a result that is consistent with phytogeographic evidence. Within species groups, genetic distances between cis-Andean (east of the Andes) and trans-Andean (west of the Andes) taxa are, …

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Growing Trees In A Greener World: Industrial Forestry In The 21st Century: 35th Lsu Forestry Symposium, 1996, School Of Forestry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Usa, Mason C. Carter Jan 1996

Growing Trees In A Greener World: Industrial Forestry In The 21st Century: 35th Lsu Forestry Symposium, 1996, School Of Forestry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Usa, Mason C. Carter

Proceedings [of the] Annual Forestry Symposium

No abstract provided.

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Pervanadate Activation Of Intracellular Kinases Leads To Tyrosine Phosphorylation And Shedding Of Syndecan-1, Jane Reiland, Vanessa L. Ott, Connie S. Lebakken, Charles Yeaman, James Mccarthy, Alan C. Rapraeger Jan 1996

Pervanadate Activation Of Intracellular Kinases Leads To Tyrosine Phosphorylation And Shedding Of Syndecan-1, Jane Reiland, Vanessa L. Ott, Connie S. Lebakken, Charles Yeaman, James Mccarthy, Alan C. Rapraeger

Faculty Publications

Syndecan-1 is a transmembrane haparan sulphate proteoglycan that binds extracellular matrices and growth factors, making it a candidate to act between these regulatory molecules and intracellular signalling pathways. It has a highly conserved transmembrane/cytoplasmic domain that contains four conserved tyrosines. One of these is in a consensus sequence for tyrosine kinase phosphorylation. As an initial step to investigating whether or not phosphorylation of these tyrosines is part of a signal-transduction pathway, we have monitored the tyrosine phosphorylation of syndecan-1 by cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases in intact cells. Tyrosine phosphorylation of syndecan-1 is observed when NMuMG cells are treated with sodium orthovanadate …

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A Low-Co2-Inducible Gene Encoding An Alanine:Α-Ketoglutarate Aminotransferase In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Zhi Yuan Chen, Mark D. Burow, Catherine B. Mason, James V. Moroney Jan 1996

A Low-Co2-Inducible Gene Encoding An Alanine:Α-Ketoglutarate Aminotransferase In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Zhi Yuan Chen, Mark D. Burow, Catherine B. Mason, James V. Moroney

Faculty Publications

At low-CO2 (air) conditions, the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii acquires the ability to raise its internal inorganic carbon concentration. To study this adaptation to low CO2, cDNA clones induced under low-CO2 growth conditions were selected through differential screening. One full-length clone is 2552 bp, with an open reading frame encoding 521 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence shows about 50% identity with alanine:α-ketoglutarate aminotransferase (Ala AT, EC 2.6.1.2) from plants and animals, and the mRNA of this clone increased 4- to 5-fold 4 h after cells were switched from high-CO2 to low-CO2 growth conditions. The expression of the …

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Metabolism Of Gemmules From The Freshwater Sponge Eunapius Fragilis During Diapause And Post-Diapause States, Stephen H. Loomis, Steven C. Hand, Paul E. Fell Jan 1996

Metabolism Of Gemmules From The Freshwater Sponge Eunapius Fragilis During Diapause And Post-Diapause States, Stephen H. Loomis, Steven C. Hand, Paul E. Fell

Faculty Publications

Post-diapause gemmules of the freshwater sponge Eunapius fragilis remained quiescent when maintained at 5°C. Germination occurred within 48 to 72 h following warming to 20°-23°C, culminating with the emergence of a new sponge from the collagenous capsule. Both heat dissipation and oxygen consumption climbed steadily during germination and eventually reached 600% of the starting values. By comparison, energy flow was much lower over the same period of time in diapausing gemmules, clearly demonstrating metabolic depression during diapause. The calorimetric:respirometric (CR) ratio increased significantly from -354 kJ/mol O2 to -541 kJ/mol O2 between hours 3.5 and 56.5 of germination, with an …

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Responses Of Methanotrophic Activity In Soils And Cultures To Water Stress, S. Schnell, G. M. King Jan 1996

Responses Of Methanotrophic Activity In Soils And Cultures To Water Stress, S. Schnell, G. M. King

Faculty Publications

Diffusive gas transport at high water contents and physiological water stress at low water contents limited atmospheric methane consumption rates during experimental manipulations of soil water content and water potential. Maximum rates of atmospheric methane consumption occurred at a soil water content of 25% (grams per gram [dry weight]) and a water potential of about - 0.2 MPa. In contrast, uptake rates were highest at a water content of 38% and a water potential of -0.03 MPa when methane was initially present at 200 ppm. Uptake rates of atmospheric and elevated methane decreased when water potentials were reduced by adding …

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Regulation Of Methane Oxidation In A Freshwater Wetland By Water Table Changes And Anoxia, Peter Roslev, Gary M. King Jan 1996

Regulation Of Methane Oxidation In A Freshwater Wetland By Water Table Changes And Anoxia, Peter Roslev, Gary M. King

Faculty Publications

The effects of water table fluctuations and anoxia on methane emission and methane oxidation were studied in a freshwater marsh. Seasonal aerobic methane oxidation rates varied between 15% and 76% of the potential diffusive methane flux (diffusive flux in the absence of aerobic oxidation). On an annual basis, approximately 43% of the methane diffusing into the oxic zone was oxidized before reaching the atmosphere. The highest methane oxidation was observed when the water table was below the peat surface. This was confirmed in laboratory experiments where short-term decreases in water table levels increased methane oxidation but also net methane emission. …

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Characterization Of The Denaturation And Renaturation Of Human Plasma Vitronectin Ii. Investigation Into The Mechanism Of Formation Of Multimers, Ping Zhuang, Huo Li, Jason G. Williams, Nancy V. Wagner, Dietmar Seiffert, Cynthia B. Peterson Jan 1996

Characterization Of The Denaturation And Renaturation Of Human Plasma Vitronectin Ii. Investigation Into The Mechanism Of Formation Of Multimers, Ping Zhuang, Huo Li, Jason G. Williams, Nancy V. Wagner, Dietmar Seiffert, Cynthia B. Peterson

Faculty Publications

Unfolding and refolding of plasma vitronectin appear irreversible under near physiological conditions, with rearrangements of disulfides and self-association to a multimeric form observed as prominent structural alterations which accompany denaturation. A mechanism for the folding reactions of vitronectin has been proposed (Zhuang, P., Blackburn, M. NPeterson, C. B. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 14323-14332) in which vitronectin acquires a partially folded intermediate structure which is highly prone to oligomerize into a multimeric form. Strongly oxidizing conditions adopted for refolding from urea were effective at preventing disulfide rearrangement which disrupts distal disulfides near the C terminus of the protein. Prohibiting disulfide …

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Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna Markers In Sweetpotato Infected With Fusarium Lateritium, Frank A. Buffone, Don R. La Bonte, Christopher A. Clark Jan 1996

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna Markers In Sweetpotato Infected With Fusarium Lateritium, Frank A. Buffone, Don R. La Bonte, Christopher A. Clark

Faculty Publications

DNA isolated from Fusarium lateritium Nees: Fr.-infected 'Jewel' sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] plants was compared to F. lateritium-free 'Jewel' plants for differences in random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker products. Differences in RAPD marker products were detected. Amplified DNA isolations from F. lateritium-infected 'Jewel' plants generated additional, unique DNA fragments not found in amplified DNA isolations of F. lateritium-free 'Jewel' plants. These unique amplified DNA fragments were consistent with those obtained from amplified DNA isolations of the F. lateritium isolate, 91-27-2, used for inoculation. We found that F. lateritium DNA successfully competes with sweetpotato DNA in the polymerase chain …

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Onania Self-Pollution And The Danger Of Female Sexuality, Todd C. Parker Jan 1996

Onania Self-Pollution And The Danger Of Female Sexuality, Todd C. Parker

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

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The Spirit Of Poetry And The Importance Of Joy Shelley's Revolutionary Animism, John Freeman Jan 1996

The Spirit Of Poetry And The Importance Of Joy Shelley's Revolutionary Animism, John Freeman

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

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"The Late Unfortunate Regicide In France" Burke And The Political Sublime, Charles Hinnant Jan 1996

"The Late Unfortunate Regicide In France" Burke And The Political Sublime, Charles Hinnant

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

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Enacting The Tyranny Of Social Forms In Sheridan's The Rivals, Robert P. Maccubbin Jan 1996

Enacting The Tyranny Of Social Forms In Sheridan's The Rivals, Robert P. Maccubbin

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

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Some Effects Of 30 Years Of Weir-Management On Coastal Marsh Aquatic Vegetation And Implications To Waterfowl Management, John A. Nyman, Robert H. Chabreck Jan 1996

Some Effects Of 30 Years Of Weir-Management On Coastal Marsh Aquatic Vegetation And Implications To Waterfowl Management, John A. Nyman, Robert H. Chabreck

Faculty Publications

Aquatic vegetation was compared between weir-managed and unmanaged brackish marsh ponds at Marsh Island, Louisiana, parts of which have been weir-managed since 1958. Coverage by aquatic vegetation was greater in weir-managed ponds than in unmanaged ponds, but weir-management affected individual species differently. Eleocharis parvula was more common in unmanaged ponds than in managed ponds during the early 1960s but has not occurred in any ponds sampled since then. Ceratophyllum demersum and the dominant plants Myriophyllum spicatum and Ruppia maritima were more common in weir-managed ponds than in unmanaged ponds, although the magnitude of the difference varied greatly among sample dates. …

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Fermented Cowpea Flour: Production And Characterization Of Selected Physico-Chemical Properties, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Larry R. Beuchat, Kay H. Mcwatters, R. Dixon Phillips Jan 1996

Fermented Cowpea Flour: Production And Characterization Of Selected Physico-Chemical Properties, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Larry R. Beuchat, Kay H. Mcwatters, R. Dixon Phillips

Faculty Publications

A simplified solid-substrate fermentation and milling process for preparing flour from nondecorticated cowpeas (cv. White Acre) was developed. Yield of fermented flours compared to starting substrate was about 73%. Total solids loss (ca. 21-23%) was due to soaking (6%), boiling (11%), fermentation (2-4%) and grinding (2%). Moisture loss during drying was approximately 5%. The pH of fermented flours ranged from 6.4 to 6.9. Fermented flours had less packed density but greater unpacked density than the control flour. About 41-44% of flour particles passed through a 0.297-mm sieve; 65-72% of these particles were in the exclusion range of 0.037-0.074 mm. An …

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