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Quantifying Sulfate Components And Their Variations In Soils Of The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Huiming Bao, David R. Marchant Aug 2006

Quantifying Sulfate Components And Their Variations In Soils Of The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Huiming Bao, David R. Marchant

Faculty Publications

Many soils of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica, being old, hyperarid, and frigid, have accumulated abundant atmospheric salts over the last several million years. This salt repository offers an opportunity to study atmospheric chemistry (past and present), the origin and transport of ions in soils, the weathering activity of soils, and postdepositional soil-leaching processes within this unique environment. In particular, soil sulfate in the MDV is known to have multiple origins, but the precise proportions of different sulfate components remain elusive. Here we test a hypothesis that soil sulfate in the MDV is a predictable mixture of three major …

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Quantifying Sulfate Components And Their Variations In Soils Of The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Huiming Bao, David R. Marchant Aug 2006

Quantifying Sulfate Components And Their Variations In Soils Of The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Huiming Bao, David R. Marchant

Faculty Publications

Many soils of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica, being old, hyperarid, and frigid, have accumulated abundant atmospheric salts over the last several million years. This salt repository offers an opportunity to study atmospheric chemistry (past and present), the origin and transport of ions in soils, the weathering activity of soils, and postdepositional soil-leaching processes within this unique environment. In particular, soil sulfate in the MDV is known to have multiple origins, but the precise proportions of different sulfate components remain elusive. Here we test a hypothesis that soil sulfate in the MDV is a predictable mixture of three major …

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Health In Cuba, Richard S. Cooper, Joan F. Kennelly, Pedro Orduñez-Garcia Aug 2006

Health In Cuba, Richard S. Cooper, Joan F. Kennelly, Pedro Orduñez-Garcia

Faculty Publications

The poorer countries of the world continue to struggle with an enormous health burden from diseases that we have long had the capacity to eliminate. Similarly, the health systems of some countries, rich and poor alike, are fragmented and inefficient, leaving many population groups underserved and often without health care access entirely. Cuba represents an important alternative example where modest infrastructure investments combined with a well-developed public health strategy have generated health status measures comparable with those of industrialized countries. Areas of success include control of infectious diseases, reduction in infant mortality, establishment of a research and biotechnology industry, and …

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Is A Shutdown Of The Thermohaline Circulation Irreversible?, Jianjun Yin, Michael E. Schlesinger, Natasha G. Andronova, Sergey Malyshev, Bin Li Jun 2006

Is A Shutdown Of The Thermohaline Circulation Irreversible?, Jianjun Yin, Michael E. Schlesinger, Natasha G. Andronova, Sergey Malyshev, Bin Li

Faculty Publications

The Atlantic thermohaline circulation (THC) plays a vital role in explaining past abrupt climate changes and in maintaining the current climate. Its remarkable nonlinear dynamics, first demonstrated by H. M. Stommel, have been supported by various types of climate models. This has led to severe concerns that global warming may shut down the THC irreversibly, with consequent catastrophic climate changes, particularly for Europe. Here we use an uncoupled ocean general circulation model (OGCM) and a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) to investigate the nonlinear response of the THC to freshwater perturbations in the northern North Atlantic. We find that …

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Will Lowering Estuarine Salinity Increase Gulf Of Mexico Oyster Landings?, R. Eugene Turner Jun 2006

Will Lowering Estuarine Salinity Increase Gulf Of Mexico Oyster Landings?, R. Eugene Turner

Faculty Publications

Previous studies provide conflicting opinions on whether lower than average salinities in Gulf of Mexico (GOM) estuaries are likely to increase or decrease oyster harvests (Crassostrea virginica), which represented 69% and 54% of the United States oyster landings by weight, and dockside value, respectively, in 2003. The present study examined a 54-yr record (1950–2003) of oyster harvests and river discharge in five major estuaries in GOM states (Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas). Oyster landings were inversely related to freshwater inflow. Peaks in landings, 21 of 23 in West Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas combined, were coincidental with …

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Systematics And Historical Biogeography Of Greater Antillean Cichlidae, Prosanta Chakrabarty Jun 2006

Systematics And Historical Biogeography Of Greater Antillean Cichlidae, Prosanta Chakrabarty

Faculty Publications

A molecular phylogenetic analysis recovers a pattern consistent with a drift vicariance scenario for the origin of Greater Antillean cichlids. This phylogeny, based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes, reveals that clades on different geographic regions diverged concurrently with the geological separation of these areas. Middle America was initially colonized by South American cichlids in the Cretaceous, most probably through the Cretaceous Island Arc. The separation of Greater Antillean cichlids and their mainland Middle American relatives was caused by a drift vicariance event that took place when the islands became separated from Yucatan in the Eocene. Greater Antillean cichlids are monophyletic …

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Keeping An Eye On Privacy Issues With Geospatial Data [4], Andrew Curtis, Jacqueline W. Mills, Michael Leitner May 2006

Keeping An Eye On Privacy Issues With Geospatial Data [4], Andrew Curtis, Jacqueline W. Mills, Michael Leitner

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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No Variation And Low Synonymous Substitution Rates In Coral Mtdna Despite High Nuclear Variation, Michael E. Hellberg Mar 2006

No Variation And Low Synonymous Substitution Rates In Coral Mtdna Despite High Nuclear Variation, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

Background: The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of most animals evolves more rapidly than nuclear DNA, and often shows higher levels of intraspecific polymorphism and population subdivision. The mtDNA of anthozoans (corals, sea fans, and their kin), by contrast, appears to evolve slowly. Slow mtDNA evolution has been reported for several anthozoans, however this slow pace has been difficult to put in phylogenetic context without parallel surveys of nuclear variation or calibrated rates of synonymous substitution that could permit quantitative rate comparisons across taxa. Here, I survey variation in the coding region of a mitochondrial gene from a coral species (Balanophyllia elegans) …

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Comparative Phylogeography In A Genus Of Coral Reef Fishes: Biogeographic And Genetic Concordance In The Caribbean, Michael S. Taylor, Michael E. Hellberg Mar 2006

Comparative Phylogeography In A Genus Of Coral Reef Fishes: Biogeographic And Genetic Concordance In The Caribbean, Michael S. Taylor, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

Geographic barriers that limit the movement of individuals between populations may create or maintain phylogenetically discrete lineages. Such barriers are often inferred from geographic surveys of a single mitochondrial marker to identify phylogenetic splits. Mitochondrial DNA, however, has an effective population size one-fourth that of nuclear DNA, which can facilitate the rapid evolution of monophyletic mtDNA lineages in the absence of geographic barriers. The identification of geographic barriers will thus be more robust if barriers are proposed a priori, and tested with multiple independent genetic markers in multiple species. Here, we tested two proposed marine biogeographic breaks located at the …

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Blockading The American Confederacy, 1861-1865:A Geo-Strategic Analysis, James D. Hardy Jr., Leonard J. Hochberg Mar 2006

Blockading The American Confederacy, 1861-1865:A Geo-Strategic Analysis, James D. Hardy Jr., Leonard J. Hochberg

Civil War Book Review

A paper to be included in a volume devoted to the comparison to the comparative history of blockages, edited by Professor Jean-David Avenal. INTRODUCTION Blockade, as a formal and systematic weapon in modern naval warfare, distinct from battle and maneuver, developed during the Napoleonic wars and was further refined by the Royal Navy in its decades-long campaign after 1815 to suppress the African slave trade (1). In spite of this extensive history, it was not until the Treaty of Paris ending the Crimean War that a Declaration Respecting Maritime Law, dated April 16, 1856, formally established the general principles of …

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Annotations, Cwbr_Editor Mar 2006

Annotations, Cwbr_Editor

Civil War Book Review

No abstract provided.

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Brackish, Hillary Dalton Major Jan 2006

Brackish, Hillary Dalton Major

LSU Master's Theses

none

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Early Maize (Zea Mays L.) Cultivation In Mexico: Dating Sedimentary Pollen Records And Its Implications, Andrew Sluyter, Gabriela Dominguez Jan 2006

Early Maize (Zea Mays L.) Cultivation In Mexico: Dating Sedimentary Pollen Records And Its Implications, Andrew Sluyter, Gabriela Dominguez

Faculty Publications

A sedimentary pollen sequence from the coastal plain of Veracruz, Mexico, demonstrates maize cultivation by 5,000 years ago, refining understanding of the geography of early maize cultivation. Methodological issues related to bioturbation involved in dating that record combine with its similarity to a pollen sequence from the coastal plain of Tabasco, Mexico, to suggest that the inception of maize cultivation in that record occurred as much as 1,000–2,000 years more recently than the previously accepted 7,000 years ago. Our analysis thereby has substantive, theoretical, and methodological implications for understanding the complex process of maize domestication. Substantively, it demonstrates that the …

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Humboldt In The Americas, Andrew Sluyter, Kent Mathewson Jan 2006

Humboldt In The Americas, Andrew Sluyter, Kent Mathewson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Recent Intellectual Structure Of Geography, Andrew Sluyter, Andrew D. Augustine, Michael C. Bitton, Thomas J. Sullivan, Fei Wang Jan 2006

The Recent Intellectual Structure Of Geography, Andrew Sluyter, Andrew D. Augustine, Michael C. Bitton, Thomas J. Sullivan, Fei Wang

Faculty Publications

An active learning project in an introductory graduate course used multidimensional scaling of the name index in Geography in America at the Dawn of the 21st Century, by Gary Gaile and Cort Willmott, to reveal some features of the discipline's recent intellectual structure relevant to the relationship between human and physical geography. Previous analyses, dating to the 1980s, used citation indices or Association of American Geographers spe- cialty-group rosters to conclude that either the regional or the methods and environmental subdisciplines bridge human and physical geography. The name index has advantages over those databases, and its analysis reveals that the …

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Humboldt's Mexican Texts And Landscapes, Andrew Sluyter Jan 2006

Humboldt's Mexican Texts And Landscapes, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

While in New Spain from 1803 to 1804, Alexander von Humboldt interacted with some of its landscapes and the texts that represented them. Analysis of those interactions regarding the Basin of Mexico and the Gulf lowlands demonstrates what purely text-based studies of the production of places cannot: The contrasting landscape elements and patterns that had emerged over millennia during precolonial times in those two places, their relative degrees of depopulation during the colonial era, and the relative degrees of rigor Humboldt applied to interacting with the resulting landscapes and the texts that represented them greatly affected his representations of those …

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Traveling/Writing The Unworld With Alexander Von Humboldt., Andrew Sluyter Jan 2006

Traveling/Writing The Unworld With Alexander Von Humboldt., Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Cardiovascular Disease And Associated Risk Factors In Cuba: Prospects For Prevention And Control, Richard S. Cooper, Pedro Orduñez, Marcos D.Iraola Ferrer, Jose Luis Bernal Munoz, Alfredo Espinosa-Brito Jan 2006

Cardiovascular Disease And Associated Risk Factors In Cuba: Prospects For Prevention And Control, Richard S. Cooper, Pedro Orduñez, Marcos D.Iraola Ferrer, Jose Luis Bernal Munoz, Alfredo Espinosa-Brito

Faculty Publications

Objectives. An adequate description of the trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not available for most of the developing world. Cuba provides an important exception, and we sought to use available data to offer insights into the changing patterns of CVD there. Methods. We reviewed Cuban public health statistics, surveys, and reports of health services. Results. CVD has been the leading cause of death since 1970. A 45% reduction in heart disease deaths was observed from 1970 to 2002; the decline in stroke was more limited. There are moderate prevalences of all major risk factors. Conclusions. The Cuban medical care …

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Dating Paleosol And Animal Remains In Loess Deposits, H. C. Zhang, B. Li, M. S. Yang, G. L. Lei, H. Ding, Jie Niu, H. F. Fan, W. X. Zhang, F. Q. Chang Jan 2006

Dating Paleosol And Animal Remains In Loess Deposits, H. C. Zhang, B. Li, M. S. Yang, G. L. Lei, H. Ding, Jie Niu, H. F. Fan, W. X. Zhang, F. Q. Chang

Faculty Publications

Accurate and reliable dating of paleosols, animal remains, and artifacts is of crucial importance in reconstructing environmental change and understanding the interrelationship between human activities and natural environments. Dating different materials in the same sample can help resolve problems such as soil carbon sources and carbon storage state. Conventional radiocarbon dating of soil (inorganic and organic matter) and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of animal remains (fossil bones and teeth) result in different ages for materials from the same sample position in a typical loess section at Xinglong Mountain, Yuzhong County, Gansu Province in NW China. Inorganic matter is ∼3400 …

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Thinking Outside The Box The Non-English Speaking World In The First Decade Of 1650-1850, Theodore E. D. Braun Jan 2006

Thinking Outside The Box The Non-English Speaking World In The First Decade Of 1650-1850, Theodore E. D. Braun

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

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"Luck Be A Lady Tonight" Jane Austen's Precarious Idealization Of Naval Heroes In Persuasion, Robert G. Dryden Jan 2006

"Luck Be A Lady Tonight" Jane Austen's Precarious Idealization Of Naval Heroes In Persuasion, Robert G. Dryden

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

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James Thomson And Landscape Iconography "Instrumental In Diffusing A General Taste", Jan Widmayer Jan 2006

James Thomson And Landscape Iconography "Instrumental In Diffusing A General Taste", Jan Widmayer

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

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From The Top Down And The Bottom Up: The Contemporary Practice And Choice Of Midwifery In Louisiana, Michelle M. Wydra Jan 2006

From The Top Down And The Bottom Up: The Contemporary Practice And Choice Of Midwifery In Louisiana, Michelle M. Wydra

LSU Master's Theses

This research examines the contemporary practice of midwifery in Louisiana, a state that very early on had progressive legislation, yet remains a tough place for a midwife to practice. What, then, are the social forces that affect the ability to practice midwifery in Louisiana? I try to answer that question by examining the narratives of midwives and their clients, and evaluating the options these women have access to in this state. The narratives provide opportunities to observe the authoritarian knowledge of biomedicine in our society, and apply Foucault’s theory of power/knowledge. I describe that although Louisiana’s regulation of the practice …

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Are Enzymes Accurate Indicators Of Postmortem Interval?: A Biochemical Analysis, Karly Laine Buras Jan 2006

Are Enzymes Accurate Indicators Of Postmortem Interval?: A Biochemical Analysis, Karly Laine Buras

LSU Master's Theses

There are numerous ways to estimate postmortem interval (PMI), or time since death, including body temperature, rigor mortis, insect activity, and decomposition. Individually, many of these indicators are prone to inaccuracy due to the influence of the external environment upon them. This study proposed that in addition to or in conjunction with these and other indicators, certain enzymes could be used to accurately determine PMI, namely aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In this project, 18 rats were studied postmortem to determine how ethanol consumption and different environments affect decomposition and enzyme activity. …

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Language Classification And Manipulation In Romania And Moldova, Chase Faucheux Jan 2006

Language Classification And Manipulation In Romania And Moldova, Chase Faucheux

LSU Master's Theses

Linguistic classification is a scientific methodology for categorizing the languages of the world. However, the tools and methods of linguistic classification have been used to various degrees by political entities to further nationalistic agendas. This thesis assesses the role of linguistic classification in nationality and politics, and addresses the disjunct between true linguistic classification, based on genealogical, areal, and typological features, and language designation, based on political and nationalistic motives. This thesis uses the Romanian language as a vehicle for illustrating both linguistic classification methods as well as how these methods have been manipulated for non-linguistic reasons both internally by …

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Whaddya Want? It's Coney Island!: Tourism, Play And Memory In The Illegible City, Elizabeth Healy Matassa Jan 2006

Whaddya Want? It's Coney Island!: Tourism, Play And Memory In The Illegible City, Elizabeth Healy Matassa

LSU Master's Theses

In the post-industrial American city, the question of what urban space means seems far less important then how it is lived through the dynamic struggles of city dwellers to claim these spaces as their own. These struggles to define urban space are not always overtly political and thus must be examined through the more everyday, sometimes unconscious practices of city dwellers. This thesis attempts to valorize the emotional work of cities through an ethnographic study of Coney Island, Brooklyn. Coney Island is examined first as an urban space which allows tourists to move beyond traditional practices of visual consumption, then …

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Roving 'Twixt Land And Sea: Herman Melville, Joseph Conrad, And The Maritime World-System', James W. Long Jan 2006

Roving 'Twixt Land And Sea: Herman Melville, Joseph Conrad, And The Maritime World-System', James W. Long

LSU Master's Theses

Although Herman Melville and Joseph Conrad are generally regarded as sea writers, both wrote numerous works concerned primarily with events on land. But critical approaches to both writers display a tendency to prioritize one set of environments. A result of such approaches is to overlook the manner in which Melville and Conrad explore the relationship between land and sea. This paper argues that one way to analyze how both writers examine that relationship is by locating it within the space of the modern world-system. Immanuel Wallerstein defines the modern world-system as the capitalist world-economy that qualifies as the only historical …

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Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds In Wood Soot Extracts From Henan, China, Robyn Joy Cabrido Alcanzare Jan 2006

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds In Wood Soot Extracts From Henan, China, Robyn Joy Cabrido Alcanzare

LSU Master's Theses

Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) are organic compounds composed of two or more fused benzene rings. These compounds are ubiquitous in the environment and some are found to be mutagenic and carcinogenic. High rates of esophageal cancer in the Henan Province of China had led to the suspicion that PAC from domestic coal and wood combustion are the main cause. Extraction of PAC from wood soot was done with a Soxhlet apparatus using dichloromethane as the solvent and concentration of the solution using a Kuderna Danish apparatus. Analysis of the different PAC was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with …

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Binding Femininity: An Examination Of The Effects On Tightlacing On The Female Pelvis, Katherine Marie Klingerman Jan 2006

Binding Femininity: An Examination Of The Effects On Tightlacing On The Female Pelvis, Katherine Marie Klingerman

LSU Master's Theses

The corset in eighteenth and nineteenth century Europe was not merely an article of clothing. The corset was a complex and often contradictory social and cultural symbol. It symbolized both the sensual female body and the chaste virgin; the female control over male desires, and the male’s control over the female body. The ubiquity of the corset in the eighteenth and nineteenth century Europe is an important commentary on historical European society. Reports of women (and men) who have died as a result of the tightness of their corsets abound in the literature. Case studies from medical professionals provide information …

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Detecting The Socioeconomic Conditions Of Urban Neighborhoods Through Wavelet Analysis Of Remotely Sensed Imagery, Guiyun Zhou Jan 2006

Detecting The Socioeconomic Conditions Of Urban Neighborhoods Through Wavelet Analysis Of Remotely Sensed Imagery, Guiyun Zhou

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Wavelet analysis is an efficient approach to studying textural patterns at different scales. Artificial neural networks can learn very complex patterns in the data and could be an efficient classifier. However, whether wavelet analysis, in combination with artificial neural networks or other classifiers, can be used to detect the social-economic conditions of urban neighborhood is a key research question that needs further study. The hypotheses of this study were: 1) neural networks yielded higher classification accuracy than linear discriminant analysis and the minimum-distance classifier based on wavelet measures of urban land covers; 2) wavelet textural measures could be used to …

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