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Influence Of The Mississippi River On Pseudo-Nitzschia Spp. Abundance And Toxicity In Louisiana Coastal Waters, Sibel Bargu, Melissa M. Baustian, Nancy N. Rabalais, Ross Del Rio, Benjamin Von Korff, R. Eugene Turner Mar 2016

Influence Of The Mississippi River On Pseudo-Nitzschia Spp. Abundance And Toxicity In Louisiana Coastal Waters, Sibel Bargu, Melissa M. Baustian, Nancy N. Rabalais, Ross Del Rio, Benjamin Von Korff, R. Eugene Turner

Faculty Publications

The presence of domoic acid (DA) toxin from multiple species of Pseudo-nitzschia is a concern in the highly productive food webs of the northern 1,* 2,3 2 1 1,4 1 1 2 3 4 Gulf of Mexico. We documented the Pseudo-­nitzschia presence, abundance, blooms, and toxicity over 3 years along a transect ∼100 km west of the Mississippi River Delta on the continental shelf. Pseudo-nitzschia were present throughout the year and occurred in high abundances (>10 cells l ) in the early spring months during high Mississippi River (MSR) flow (∼20,000 m s ) but were most abundant ( …

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Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica L.) Attenuates Ffa Induced Ceramide Accumulation In 3t3- L1 Adipocytes In An Adiponectin Dependent Manner, Diana N. Obanda, Peng Zhao, Allison J. Richard, David Ribnicky, William T. Cefalu, Jacqueline M. Stephens Mar 2016

Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica L.) Attenuates Ffa Induced Ceramide Accumulation In 3t3- L1 Adipocytes In An Adiponectin Dependent Manner, Diana N. Obanda, Peng Zhao, Allison J. Richard, David Ribnicky, William T. Cefalu, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

©2016 Obanda et al.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Objective Excess dietary lipids result in the accumulation of lipid metabolites including ceramides that can attenuate insulin signaling. There is evidence that a botanical extract of Urtica dioica L. (stinging nettle) improves insulin action, yet the precise mechanism(s) are not known. Hence, we examined the effects of Urtica dioica L. (UT) on adipocytes. Research Design We investigated the effects of an ethanolic extract …

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Investigation Of Possible Pumpkin Seeds And Ginger Effects On Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection Indicators In Meat Goat Kids And Lambs, K. K. Matthews, D. J. O'Brien, N. C. Whitley, J. M. Burke, J. E. Miller, R. A. Barczewski Mar 2016

Investigation Of Possible Pumpkin Seeds And Ginger Effects On Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection Indicators In Meat Goat Kids And Lambs, K. K. Matthews, D. J. O'Brien, N. C. Whitley, J. M. Burke, J. E. Miller, R. A. Barczewski

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. In four experiments, 77 naturally-infected Boer crossbred kids and 28 artificially-inoculated Katahdin lambs were used to evaluate the effect of pumpkin seeds (Exp 1; 21 kids), ginger or pumpkin seed drench (Exp 2; 30 kids) and pumpkin seed oil (Exp 3 and 4: 28 lambs and 26 kids, respectively) on gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) indicators. In all experiments, kids and lambs were placed in individual pens and received pre-weighed rations of a commercially pelleted meat goat or sheep diet daily. In Exp 1, kids were supplemented with ground pumpkin seeds (PUM; n = 10) mixed into feed …

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Variable Prey Development Time Suppresses Predator-Prey Cycles And Enhances Stability, James T. Cronin, John D. Reeve, Dashun Xu, Mingqing Xiao, Heidi N. Stevens Mar 2016

Variable Prey Development Time Suppresses Predator-Prey Cycles And Enhances Stability, James T. Cronin, John D. Reeve, Dashun Xu, Mingqing Xiao, Heidi N. Stevens

Faculty Publications

© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS. Although theoretical models have demonstrated that predator-prey population dynamics can depend critically on age (stage) structure and the duration and variability in development times of different life stages, experimental support for this theory is non-existent. We conducted an experiment with a host-parasitoid system to test the prediction that increased variability in the development time of the vulnerable host stage can promote interaction stability. Host-parasitoid microcosms were subjected to two treatments: Normal and High variance in the duration of the vulnerable host stage. In control and Normal-variance microcosms, hosts and parasitoids exhibited distinct population …

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Competition-Mediated Feedbacks In Experimental Multispecies Epizootics, Tad Dallas, Richard J. Hall, John M. Drake Mar 2016

Competition-Mediated Feedbacks In Experimental Multispecies Epizootics, Tad Dallas, Richard J. Hall, John M. Drake

Faculty Publications

© 2016 by the Ecological Society of America. Competition structures ecological communities and alters host-pathogen interactions. In environmentally transmitted pathogens, an infection-resistant competitor may influence infection dynamics in a susceptible species through the negative impacts of competition (e.g., by reducing host density or causing nutritional stress that increases susceptibility to infection) and/or the positive impacts of reducing transmission efficiency (e.g., by removing environmental pathogen stages). Thus, a non-susceptible competitor may enhance, reduce, or have no net effect on susceptible host density and infection prevalence. Here, we couple an epidemiological model with experimental epidemics to test how resource competition with a …

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Costs Of Resistance And Infection By A Generalist Pathogen, Tad Dallas, Mathieu Holtackers, John M. Drake Mar 2016

Costs Of Resistance And Infection By A Generalist Pathogen, Tad Dallas, Mathieu Holtackers, John M. Drake

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Pathogen infection is typically costly to hosts, resulting in reduced fitness. However, pathogen exposure may also come at a cost even if the host does not become infected. These fitness reductions, referred to as "resistance costs", are inducible physiological costs expressed as a result of a trade-off between resistance to a pathogen and aspects of host fitness (e.g., reproduction). Here, we examine resistance and infection costs of a generalist fungal pathogen (Metschnikowia bicuspidata) capable of infecting a number of host species. Costs were quantified as reductions in host lifespan, total reproduction, …

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Comparison Of Thermal Performance Equations In Describing Temperature-Dependent Developmental Rates Of Insects: (I) Empirical Models, Pei Jian Shi, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Lei Chen, Feng Ge Mar 2016

Comparison Of Thermal Performance Equations In Describing Temperature-Dependent Developmental Rates Of Insects: (I) Empirical Models, Pei Jian Shi, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Lei Chen, Feng Ge

Faculty Publications

Temperature greatly affects the developmental duration of insects at their different stages, and many mathematical models exist for describing their temperature-dependent developmental rates. It is important to choose a suitable model to predict outbreaks of pest insects under climate change. However, previous comparisons among these models were usually based on a single species. In the present study, we compared the six nonlinear models (the Briére-1, Briére-2, Lactin, Performance-2, beta, and Ratkowsky models) based on the goodness of fit and the trade-off between the model's goodness of fit and structural complexity, using 10 temperaturedependent developmental rate datasets on insects to make …

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Effect Of Temperature On Two Bio-Insecticides For The Control Of Confused Flour Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Brian M. Thompson, Gadi V.P. Reddy Mar 2016

Effect Of Temperature On Two Bio-Insecticides For The Control Of Confused Flour Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Brian M. Thompson, Gadi V.P. Reddy

Faculty Publications

Stored product pests account for as much as 10% of food loss worldwide. Insects such as the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), are major pests of small grain in storage bins and grain elevators in Montana. Cold winters and dry summers have traditionally helped reduce levels of T. confusum in storage bins. However, with change in winter temperatures, this pest has become harder to manage using physical measures such as desiccation. The alternative, the chemical insecticide aluminum phosphide, is effective at controlling T. confusum in grain stores but is highly toxic to mammals, and recently …

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An Extract Of Urtica Dioica L. Mitigates Obesity Induced Insulin Resistance In Mice Skeletal Muscle Via Protein Phosphatase 2a (Pp2a), Diana N. Obanda, David Ribnicky, Yongmei Yu, Jacqueline Stephens, William T. Cefalu Feb 2016

An Extract Of Urtica Dioica L. Mitigates Obesity Induced Insulin Resistance In Mice Skeletal Muscle Via Protein Phosphatase 2a (Pp2a), Diana N. Obanda, David Ribnicky, Yongmei Yu, Jacqueline Stephens, William T. Cefalu

Faculty Publications

The leaf extract of Urtica dioica L. (UT) has been reported to improve glucose homeostasis in vivo, but definitive studies on efficacy and mechanism of action are lacking. We investigated the effects of UT on obesity-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: low-fat diet (LFD), high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD supplemented with UT. Body weight, body composition, plasma glucose and plasma insulin were monitored. Skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius) was analyzed for insulin sensitivity, ceramide accumulation and the post translational modification and activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). PP2A is activated by ceramides and dephosphorylates …

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Effects Of High Hydrostatic Pressure On Expression Profiles Of In Vitro Produced Vitrified Bovine Blastocysts, Zongliang Jiang, Patrick Harrington, Ming Zhang, Sadie L. Marjani, Joonghoon Park, Lynn Kuo, Csaba Pribenszky, Xiuchun Tian Feb 2016

Effects Of High Hydrostatic Pressure On Expression Profiles Of In Vitro Produced Vitrified Bovine Blastocysts, Zongliang Jiang, Patrick Harrington, Ming Zhang, Sadie L. Marjani, Joonghoon Park, Lynn Kuo, Csaba Pribenszky, Xiuchun Tian

Faculty Publications

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) has been used to pre-condition embryos before essential, yet potentially detrimental procedures such as cryopreservation. However, the mechanisms for HHP are poorly understood. We treated bovine blastocysts with three different HHP (40, 60 and 80 MPa) in combination with three recovery periods (0, 1 h, 2 h post HHP). Re-expansion rates were significantly higher at 40 and 60 but lower at 80 MPa after vitrification-warming in the treated groups than controls. Microarray analysis revealed 399 differentially expressed transcripts, representing 254 unique genes, among different groups. Gene ontology analysis indicated that HHP at 40 and 60 MPa …

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Prototype Muon Detectors For The Amiga Component Of The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, E. J. Ahn, I. Al Samarai, I. F.M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, P. Allison, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, R. Alves Batista, M. Ambrosio, A. Aminaei, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, N. Arsene, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, G. Avila, N. Awal, A. M. Badescu, C. Baus, J. J. Beatty, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina Feb 2016

Prototype Muon Detectors For The Amiga Component Of The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, E. J. Ahn, I. Al Samarai, I. F.M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, P. Allison, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, R. Alves Batista, M. Ambrosio, A. Aminaei, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, N. Arsene, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, G. Avila, N. Awal, A. M. Badescu, C. Baus, J. J. Beatty, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina

Faculty Publications

AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory to extend its range of detection and to directly measure the muon content of the particle showers. It consists of an infill of surface water-Cherenkov detectors accompanied by buried scintillator detectors used for muon counting. The main objectives of the AMIGA engineering array, referred to as the Unitary Cell, are to identify and resolve all engineering issues as well as to understand the muon-number counting uncertainties related to the design of the detector. The mechanical design, fabrication and deployment processes of the muon …

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Does Corticosterone Regulate The Onset Of Breeding In Free-Living Birds?: The Cort-Flexibility Hypothesis And Six Potential Mechanisms For Priming Corticosteroid Function, Christine R. Lattin, Creagh W. Breuner, L. Michael Romero Feb 2016

Does Corticosterone Regulate The Onset Of Breeding In Free-Living Birds?: The Cort-Flexibility Hypothesis And Six Potential Mechanisms For Priming Corticosteroid Function, Christine R. Lattin, Creagh W. Breuner, L. Michael Romero

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc. For many avian species, the decision to initiate breeding is based on information from a variety of environmental cues, including photoperiod, temperature, food availability, and social interactions. There is evidence that the hormone corticosterone may be involved in delaying the onset of breeding in cases where supplemental cues, such as low food availability and inclement weather, indicate that the environment is not suitable. However, not all studies have found the expected relationships between breeding delays and corticosterone titers. In this review, we present the hypothesis that corticosterone physiology mediates flexibility in breeding initiation (the …

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Mathematical Model Of The Firefly Luciferase Complementation Assay Reveals A Non-Linear Relationship Between The Detected Luminescence And The Affinity Of The Protein Pair Being Analyzed, Renee Dale, Yuki Ohmuro-Matsuyama, Hiroshi Ueda, Naohiro Kato Feb 2016

Mathematical Model Of The Firefly Luciferase Complementation Assay Reveals A Non-Linear Relationship Between The Detected Luminescence And The Affinity Of The Protein Pair Being Analyzed, Renee Dale, Yuki Ohmuro-Matsuyama, Hiroshi Ueda, Naohiro Kato

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Dale et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The firefly luciferase complementation assay is widely used as a bioluminescent reporter technology to detect protein-protein interactions in vitro, in cellulo, and in vivo. Upon the interaction of a protein pair, complemented firefly luciferase emits light through the adenylation and oxidation of its substrate, luciferin. Although it has been suggested that kinetics of light production in the firefly luciferase complementation assay …

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Meat Goat Enterprise Efficiency Analysis In The Southeastern United States, Berdikul Qushim, Jeffrey Gillespie, Kenneth Mcmillin Feb 2016

Meat Goat Enterprise Efficiency Analysis In The Southeastern United States, Berdikul Qushim, Jeffrey Gillespie, Kenneth Mcmillin

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2016. Meat goat enterprise efficiency was estimated using an input distance function (IDF) by applying stochastic production frontier techniques for the southeastern U.S. region. We found increasing returns to scale and scope economies for southeastern U.S. meat goat enterprises. Mean technical efficiency was 0.81. Our results suggest southeastern U.S. meat goat enterprises can be scale efficient if their size of operation is >~60 goats or >40 breeding does. Cost and IDF analyses show input expenses decreased substantially with increasing scale of operations in southeastern U.S. meat goat production. Empirical Monte Carlo simulation techniques show consistency of small-sample …

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An Adenovirus-Derived Protein: A Novel Candidate For Anti-Diabetic Drug Development, Vijay Hegde, Ha Na Na, Olga Dubuisson, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier, David Burk, Tamra Mendoza, Nikhil V. Dhurandhar Feb 2016

An Adenovirus-Derived Protein: A Novel Candidate For Anti-Diabetic Drug Development, Vijay Hegde, Ha Na Na, Olga Dubuisson, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier, David Burk, Tamra Mendoza, Nikhil V. Dhurandhar

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Elsevier B.V. and Société Française de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire (SFBBM). Aims Exposure to human adenovirus Ad36 is causatively and correlatively linked with better glycemic control in animals and humans, respectively. Although the anti-hyperglycemic property of Ad36 may offer some therapeutic potential, it is impractical to use an infectious agent for therapeutic benefit. Cell-based studies identified that Ad36 enhances cellular glucose disposal via its E4orf1 protein. Ability to improve glycemic control in vivo is a critical prerequisite for further investigating the therapeutic potential of E4orf1. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the ability of E4orf1 …

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New Loci For Body Fat Percentage Reveal Link Between Adiposity And Cardiometabolic Disease Risk, Yingchang Lu, Felix R. Day, Stefan Gustafsson, Martin L. Buchkovich, Jianbo Na, Veronique Bataille, Diana L. Cousminer, Zari Dastani, Alexander W. Drong, Toñu Esko, David M. Evans, Mario Falchi, Mary F. Feitosa, Teresa Ferreira, Åsa K. Hedman, Robin Haring, Pirro G. Hysi, Mark M. Iles, Anne E. Justice, Stavroula Kanoni, Vasiliki Lagou, Rui Li, Xin Li, Adam Locke, Chen Lu, Reedik Mägi, John R.B. Perry, Tune H. Pers, Qibin Qi, Marianna Sanna, Ellen M. Schmidt, William R. Scott, Dmitry Shungin Feb 2016

New Loci For Body Fat Percentage Reveal Link Between Adiposity And Cardiometabolic Disease Risk, Yingchang Lu, Felix R. Day, Stefan Gustafsson, Martin L. Buchkovich, Jianbo Na, Veronique Bataille, Diana L. Cousminer, Zari Dastani, Alexander W. Drong, Toñu Esko, David M. Evans, Mario Falchi, Mary F. Feitosa, Teresa Ferreira, Åsa K. Hedman, Robin Haring, Pirro G. Hysi, Mark M. Iles, Anne E. Justice, Stavroula Kanoni, Vasiliki Lagou, Rui Li, Xin Li, Adam Locke, Chen Lu, Reedik Mägi, John R.B. Perry, Tune H. Pers, Qibin Qi, Marianna Sanna, Ellen M. Schmidt, William R. Scott, Dmitry Shungin

Faculty Publications

To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of adiposity and its links to cardiometabolic disease risk, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of body fat percentage (BF%) in up to 100,716 individuals. Twelve loci reached genome-wide significance (Po5108), of which eight were previously associated with increased overall adiposity (BMI, BF%) and four (in or near COBLL1/GRB14, IGF2BP1, PLA2G6, CRTC1) were novel associations with BF%. Seven loci showed a larger effect on BF% than on BMI, suggestive of a primary association with adiposity, while five loci showed larger effects on BMI than on BF%, suggesting association with both fat and …

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Irrigation Water Sources And Irrigation Application Methods Used By U.S. Plant Nursery Producers, Krishna P. Paudel, Mahesh Pandit, Roger Hinson Feb 2016

Irrigation Water Sources And Irrigation Application Methods Used By U.S. Plant Nursery Producers, Krishna P. Paudel, Mahesh Pandit, Roger Hinson

Faculty Publications

© 2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. We examine irrigation water sources and irrigation methods used by U.S. nursery plant producers using nested multinomial fractional regression models. We use data collected from the National Nursery Survey (2009) to identify effects of different firm and sales characteristics on the fraction of water sources and irrigation methods used. We find that regions, sales of plants types, farm income, and farm age have significant roles in what water source is used. Given the fraction of alternative water sources used, results indicated that use of computer, annual sales, region, and the number of …

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Feedstock Analysis Sensitivity For Estimating Ethanol Production Potential In Switchgrass And Energycane Biomass, Kun Jun Han, Younghwan Moon, Donal F. Day, William D. Pitman Feb 2016

Feedstock Analysis Sensitivity For Estimating Ethanol Production Potential In Switchgrass And Energycane Biomass, Kun Jun Han, Younghwan Moon, Donal F. Day, William D. Pitman

Faculty Publications

Efficient ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass requires highly degradable feedstock; therefore, there is a similarity between forage crop production for ruminant animals and ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. Feed value analysis techniques may be used to estimate lignocellulosic biomass quality. Because lignin and its derivatives in cell walls are major compounds interrupting biomass degradation, fiber analysis and in vitro incubation tests were conducted with switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and energycane (Saccharum spp.) biomass collected at 100 and 120g lignin (acid detergent lignin) kg-1 DM (dry matter). Mean NDF (neutral detergent fiber) in switchgrass was consistently greater than that of energy cane …

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Genetic Associations At 53 Loci Highlight Cell Types And Biological Pathways Relevant For Kidney Function, Cristian Pattaro, Alexander Teumer, Mathias Gorski, Audrey Y. Chu, Man Li, Vladan Mijatovic, Maija Garnaas, Adrienne Tin, Rossella Sorice, Yong Li, Daniel Taliun, Matthias Olden, Meredith Foster, Qiong Yang, Ming Huei Chen, Tune H. Pers, Andrew D. Johnson, Yi An Ko, Christian Fuchsberger, Bamidele Tayo, Michael Nalls, Mary F. Feitosa, Aaron Isaacs, Abbas Dehghan, Pio D'Adamo, Adebowale Adeyemo, Aida Karina Dieffenbach, Alan B. Zonderman, Ilja M. Nolte, Peter J. Van Der Most, Alan F. Wright, Alan R. Shuldiner, Alanna C. Morrison Jan 2016

Genetic Associations At 53 Loci Highlight Cell Types And Biological Pathways Relevant For Kidney Function, Cristian Pattaro, Alexander Teumer, Mathias Gorski, Audrey Y. Chu, Man Li, Vladan Mijatovic, Maija Garnaas, Adrienne Tin, Rossella Sorice, Yong Li, Daniel Taliun, Matthias Olden, Meredith Foster, Qiong Yang, Ming Huei Chen, Tune H. Pers, Andrew D. Johnson, Yi An Ko, Christian Fuchsberger, Bamidele Tayo, Michael Nalls, Mary F. Feitosa, Aaron Isaacs, Abbas Dehghan, Pio D'Adamo, Adebowale Adeyemo, Aida Karina Dieffenbach, Alan B. Zonderman, Ilja M. Nolte, Peter J. Van Der Most, Alan F. Wright, Alan R. Shuldiner, Alanna C. Morrison

Faculty Publications

Reduced glomerular filtration rate defines chronic kidney disease and is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), combining data across 133,413 individuals with replication in up to 42,166 individuals. We identify 24 new and confirm 29 previously identified loci. Of these 53 loci, 19 associate with eGFR among individuals with diabetes. Using bioinformatics, we show that identified genes at eGFR loci are enriched for expression in kidney tissues and in pathways relevant for kidney development and transmembrane transporter activity, kidney structure, and regulation of glucose metabolism. Chromatin …

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The Modulation Of Adiponectin By Stat5-Activating Hormones, Ursula A. White, Joel Maier, Peng Zhao, Allison J. Richard, Jacqueline M. Stephens Jan 2016

The Modulation Of Adiponectin By Stat5-Activating Hormones, Ursula A. White, Joel Maier, Peng Zhao, Allison J. Richard, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

© 2016 the American Physiological Society. Adiponectin is a hormone secreted from adipocytes that plays an important role in insulin sensitivity and protects against metabolic syndrome. Growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) are potent STAT5 activators that regulate the expression of several genes in adipocytes. Studies have shown that the secretion of adiponectin from adipose tissue is decreased by treatment with PRL and GH. In this study, we demonstrate that 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with GH or PRL exhibit a reduction in adiponectin protein levels. Furthermore, we identified three putative STAT5 binding sites in the murine adiponectin promoter and show that …

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Examination Of Commercially Available Copper Oxide Wire Particles In Combination With Albendazole For Control Of Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Lambs, J. M. Burke, J. E. Miller, T. H. Terrill, E. Smyth, M. Acharya Jan 2016

Examination Of Commercially Available Copper Oxide Wire Particles In Combination With Albendazole For Control Of Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Lambs, J. M. Burke, J. E. Miller, T. H. Terrill, E. Smyth, M. Acharya

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. Control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) remains a critical issue due to the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance. The objective of the experiment was to determine the efficacy of copper oxide wire particles (COWP) from three commercial sources and a combination of COWP and albendazole to control GIN and/or Haemonchus contortus in lambs. Naturally infected Katahdin lambs in early June 2014 and 2015 were randomly assigned to receive no COWP (CON; n = 9 and 12) or 2 g COWP in a gel capsule as Copasure® (COP; n = 4 and 17; Animax Ltd.), copper oxide-wire …

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Impact Of The 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill On Population Size And Genetic Structure Of Horse Flies In Louisiana Marshes, Claudia Husseneder, Jennifer R. Donaldson, Lane D. Foil Jan 2016

Impact Of The 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill On Population Size And Genetic Structure Of Horse Flies In Louisiana Marshes, Claudia Husseneder, Jennifer R. Donaldson, Lane D. Foil

Faculty Publications

The greenhead horse fly, Tabanus nigrovittatus Macquart, is frequently found in coastal marshes of the Eastern United States. The greenhead horse fly larvae are top predators in the marsh and thus vulnerable to changes in the environment, and the adults potentially are attracted to polarized surfaces like oil. Therefore, horse fly populations could serve as bioindicators of marsh health and toxic effects of oil intrusion. In this study, we describe the impact of the April 2010 Deep Water Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico on tabanid population abundance and genetics as well as mating structure. Horse fly populations …

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Uncoupling Caveolae From Intracellular Signaling In Vivo, Jan R. Kraehling, Zhengrong Hao, Monica Y. Lee, David J. Vinyard, Heino Velazquez, Xinran Liu, Radu V. Stan, Gary W. Brudvig, William C. Sessa Jan 2016

Uncoupling Caveolae From Intracellular Signaling In Vivo, Jan R. Kraehling, Zhengrong Hao, Monica Y. Lee, David J. Vinyard, Heino Velazquez, Xinran Liu, Radu V. Stan, Gary W. Brudvig, William C. Sessa

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Nature America, Inc. Rationale: Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) negatively regulates endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase-derived NO production, and this has been mapped to several residues on Cav-1, including F92. Herein, we reasoned that endothelial expression of an F92ACav-1 transgene would let us decipher the mechanisms and relationships between caveolae structure and intracellular signaling. Objective: This study was designed to separate caveolae formation from its downstream signaling effects. Methods and Results: An endothelial-specific doxycycline-regulated mouse model for the expression of Cav-1-F92A was developed. Blood pressure by telemetry and nitric oxide bioavailability by electron paramagnetic resonance and phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein were …

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Molar Tooth Carbonates And Benthic Methane Fluxes In Proterozoic Oceans, Bing Shen, Lin Dong, Shuhai Xiao, Xianguo Lang, Kangjun Huang, Yongbo Peng, Chuanming Zhou, Shan Ke, Pengju Liu Jan 2016

Molar Tooth Carbonates And Benthic Methane Fluxes In Proterozoic Oceans, Bing Shen, Lin Dong, Shuhai Xiao, Xianguo Lang, Kangjun Huang, Yongbo Peng, Chuanming Zhou, Shan Ke, Pengju Liu

Faculty Publications

Molar tooth structures are ptygmatically folded and microspar-filled structures common in early- and mid-Proterozoic (â 1/42,500-750 million years ago, Ma) subtidal successions, but extremely rare in rocks Here, on the basis of Mg and S isotopes, we show that molar tooth structures may have formed within sediments where microbial sulphate reduction and methanogenesis converged. The convergence was driven by the abundant production of methyl sulphides (dimethyl sulphide and methanethiol) in euxinic or H 2 S-rich seawaters that were widespread in Proterozoic continental margins. In this convergence zone, methyl sulphides served as a non-competitive substrate supporting methane generation and methanethiol inhibited …

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Seasonal Physiological Dynamics Of Maturing Female Southern Flounder (Paralichthys Lethostigma), Casey A. Grieshaber, Stephen R. Midway, Frederick S. Scharf, Heather Koopman, J. Adam Luckenbach, Mollie A. Middleton Jan 2016

Seasonal Physiological Dynamics Of Maturing Female Southern Flounder (Paralichthys Lethostigma), Casey A. Grieshaber, Stephen R. Midway, Frederick S. Scharf, Heather Koopman, J. Adam Luckenbach, Mollie A. Middleton

Faculty Publications

Physiological information is rarely used in descriptions of maturity for managed, wild fish species; however, the use of physiological data holds great promise to provide important detail on the complexities of oocyte development and maturity. Investigating southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma)—an overfished commercial and recreational fishery resource—we examined pre-spawn physiological changes in females to provide further detail of the maturation process. Given that adults of this species complete maturation and spawn in unknown offshore locations, information on pre-spawn physiological changes is particularly informative for both size- and age-based patterns of maturity. We evaluated seasonal and ontogenetic changes in hormone concentrations in …

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Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College Jan 2016

Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

Gumbo Yearbook

The Gumbo yearbook chronicles the entire academic year at LSU. In words and especially photos, the Gumbo shows the people, places, and events that make each year unique. In addition to formal portraits of schools and departments, the book contains hundreds of snapshots of students with their friends and dozens of pages showcasing organizations.

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Urban Microbiomes And Urban Agriculture: What Are The Connections And Why Should We Care?, Gary M. King Jan 2016

Urban Microbiomes And Urban Agriculture: What Are The Connections And Why Should We Care?, Gary M. King

Faculty Publications

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016. A large percentage (~50 %) of the global human population lives in urban systems. The transition from largely rural to urban lifestyles began gradually, but has accelerated. Given the magnitude of anthropogenic changes in the Earth system as a whole and concerns about resource availability and continued population growth, questions about the sustainability of urban systems have become a focal point for a variety of research and civic efforts, including programs promoting urban agriculture as a means to provide local food sources and to better manage critical nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The …

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Differential Roles Of Two Homologous Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Genes In Regulating Cell Cycle And Innate Immunity In Arabidopsis1[Open], Safae Hamdoun, Chong Zhang, Manroop Gill, Narender Kumar, Michelle Churchman, John C. Larkin, Ashley Kwon, Hua Lu Jan 2016

Differential Roles Of Two Homologous Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Genes In Regulating Cell Cycle And Innate Immunity In Arabidopsis1[Open], Safae Hamdoun, Chong Zhang, Manroop Gill, Narender Kumar, Michelle Churchman, John C. Larkin, Ashley Kwon, Hua Lu

Faculty Publications

© 2016 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved. Precise cell-cycle control is critical for plant development and responses to pathogen invasion. Two homologous cyclindependent kinase inhibitor genes, SIAMESE (SIM) and SIM-RELATED 1 (SMR1), were recently shown to regulate Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) defense based on phenotypes conferred by a sim smr1 double mutant. However, whether these two genes play differential roles in cell-cycle and defense control is unknown. In this report, we show that while acting synergistically to promote endoreplication, SIM and SMR1 play different roles in affecting the ploidy of trichome and leaf cells, respectively. In addition, we …

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African Fire Cultures, Cattle Ranching, And Colonial Landscape Transformations In The Neo-Tropics, Andrew Sluyter, Chris S. Duvall Jan 2016

African Fire Cultures, Cattle Ranching, And Colonial Landscape Transformations In The Neo-Tropics, Andrew Sluyter, Chris S. Duvall

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Rletters: A Web-Based Application For Text Analysis Of Journal Articles, Charles H. Pence Jan 2016

Rletters: A Web-Based Application For Text Analysis Of Journal Articles, Charles H. Pence

Faculty Publications

While textual analysis of the journal literature is a burgeoning field, there is still a profound lack of user-friendly software for accomplishing this task. RLetters is a free, open-source web application which provides researchers with an environment in which they can select sets of journal articles and analyze them with cutting-edge textual analysis tools. RLetters allows users without prior expertise in textual analysis to analyze word frequency, collocations, cooccurrences, term networks, and more. It is implemented in Ruby and scripts are provided to automate deployment.

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