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Enhancing Productive Vocabulary Of Esl Learners: A Qualitative Case Study, Hala Bastawros Apr 2024

Enhancing Productive Vocabulary Of Esl Learners: A Qualitative Case Study, Hala Bastawros

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative embedded case study is to examine how applying multimedia theories in online courses can enhance vocabulary acquisition, retention, and production among adult English as a Second Language (ESL) learners at a non-profit organization in Ontario, Canada. Guided by Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML), the study probes how ESL learners effectively transfer, retain, and produce new vocabulary. Data collection involves criterion sampling and analysis through MaxQDA, encompassing physical artifacts, personal interviews, and online questionnaires. The findings underscore the efficacy of integrating multimedia elements to facilitate new vocabulary retention and production, emphasizing the importance of …


God’S Narrative Of Redemption: Creation, Imago Dei, And Water Imagery, Dawn Lewis Sutherland Apr 2024

God’S Narrative Of Redemption: Creation, Imago Dei, And Water Imagery, Dawn Lewis Sutherland

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This research demonstrates that the reclamation of imago Dei identity is the ultimate and terminal end-state of God’s plan for humanity’s redemption; this plan is universally expressed to humanity through water imagery in the Old Testament (OT) and in Ancient Near East (ANE) context. The Creator unveils supernatural intent through natural processes and contends that the restoration of imago Dei identity represents the conclusive fulfillment of God’s redemptive plan for humanity. In pursuit of this argument, the research critically explores creational identity, the contrasting biblical notion of idolatry, and the cross-cultural significance of water imagery within the contexts of the …


The Influence Of Transformational Leaders In Reconnecting The Millennial Generation To The Community Of The Local Church, Brandi Lynn Ginty Apr 2024

The Influence Of Transformational Leaders In Reconnecting The Millennial Generation To The Community Of The Local Church, Brandi Lynn Ginty

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Population statistics point to an exodus of Millennials from local churches, reinforcing the increasingly widespread opinion that the church is no longer relevant or relatable (Barna Group, 2019a, 2019b; Conway, 2019; Del Rosario & Bock, 2017; Earls, 2022; Easton & Steyn, 2022; Fry, 2019; Gale et al., 2023; Kinnaman & Matlock, 2019; Omilion-Hodges & Sugg, 2019; Packard & Ferguson, 2019; Sumpter, 2019; Wilson, 2019). Culturally contextual ministry leadership methods are needed if the trajectory of these statistics is to change. To reach the population of the Millennial generation, ministry leaders need to examine the cultural needs of those they are …


The Problem With Interpreter Education Programs, Lauren Gebstadt Apr 2024

The Problem With Interpreter Education Programs, Lauren Gebstadt

Liberty University Research Week

The field of interpreting is ever-growing, and with this, there are always problems that interpreter education programs can address. The following research is aimed towards interpreter education, commonly known as Interpreter Education Programs (IEPS). Due to mass amounts of research proving surface-level preparation in the context of coping mechanisms, this study is aimed to explore if extensive education in IEPs can decrease the presence of vicarious trauma in the field. This topic does not only apply in the contexts of mental health interpreting but can also apply to medical and legal settings. The following theoretical research utilizes an online questionnaire …


Deaf-Centric Expression Of Biblical Language, Symbols, And Culture, Grace Tang Apr 2024

Deaf-Centric Expression Of Biblical Language, Symbols, And Culture, Grace Tang

Liberty University Research Week

Throughout history, many well-meaning hearing individuals have felt a call to bring the gospel to the Deaf community. However, this intention has often been carried out through poorly interpreted services with underqualified interpreters that do not understand Deaf culture and perspectives on theology. Christianity contains complicated language and concepts that many individuals struggle to express in American Sign Language (ASL) in ways that resonate with the Deaf community. Accessibility for the Deaf extends far beyond the translation of words into signs, requiring recontextualization to fit a Deaf lens and adaptation of communication methods to match the oral tradition and Deaf …


Gender Bias And Children’S Literature: Understanding Natural Gender Language And Grammatical Gender Language Within Gender Development, Kaleigh Smolinski Apr 2024

Gender Bias And Children’S Literature: Understanding Natural Gender Language And Grammatical Gender Language Within Gender Development, Kaleigh Smolinski

Liberty University Research Week

The purpose of this research is to understand how gender bias is developed through language. Gender is represented within the human language in different forms such as in nouns, verbs, and/or pronouns that represent female and/or male versions of certain words (DeFranza et al., 2020). Each language consists of a degree of gendered language which is grammatical gender language, natural gender language, a combination of grammatical gender and natural gender, and genderless language (Prewitt-Freilino et al., 2012). This quantitative content analysis approach aims to understand how gender biases are represented in children’s literature in both grammatical gender language and natural …


Bureaus Of Ungentlemanly Warfare: Comparing The Roles Of Women In The Special Operations Executive And The Office Of Strategic Services During World War Ii, Adaline Nolley Apr 2024

Bureaus Of Ungentlemanly Warfare: Comparing The Roles Of Women In The Special Operations Executive And The Office Of Strategic Services During World War Ii, Adaline Nolley

Senior Honors Theses

In 1940, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill created the Special Operations Executive. The SOE was one of the first government agencies to recruit female spies. In 1941, United States President Franklin Roosevelt commissioned the Office of Strategic Services, which also employed women. The organizations approached the concept of female agents differently. The OSS maintained female staff in domestic offices, but employed foreign women as agents. The SOE recruited women to go abroad, as they were less suspicious than men in occupied territories. The study of female staff in the OSS and the SOE allow historians to understand roles of women …


The Influence Of Texting On Perceived Warmth: The Role Of Punctuation And Emoji, Elizabeth Mathews Apr 2024

The Influence Of Texting On Perceived Warmth: The Role Of Punctuation And Emoji, Elizabeth Mathews

Senior Honors Theses

Technology Mediated Communication (TMC) has become an essential part of interpersonal communication. Punctuation and emoji are major vessels of nonverbal communication in texting. The impact of punctuation and emoji use on perceptions of warmth was tested with 291 residential undergraduate students at Liberty University who were at least 18 years old. Through an online questionnaire, participants read a series of text messages with a randomly assigned condition of having either punctuation and emoji, punctuation and no emoji, no punctuation and emoji, or no punctuation and no emoji. Results indicated a significant main effect for the presence of emoji on perceived …


Conflict In The Congo: A Critical Assessment Of Section 1502 Of The Dodd-Frank Act, Rodney Ford Apr 2024

Conflict In The Congo: A Critical Assessment Of Section 1502 Of The Dodd-Frank Act, Rodney Ford

Senior Honors Theses

The Democratic Republic of the Congo is one of the poorest and most troubled nations in the world. With a convoluted and often tragic history, a significant cause of economic underdevelopment and political instability in the Congo has been the illicit expropriation of the country’s vast reserves of high-value minerals. In the early 2010s, Congress attempted to address the “conflict minerals” dilemma through the enactment of Section 1502 of the Dodd Frank Act. The conflict minerals rule aimed to break the supposed link between the illegal exploitation of minerals and the perpetuation of violence. Drawing upon books, journal articles, research …


Artificial General Intelligence And The Mind-Body Problem: Exploring The Computability Of Simulated Human Intelligence In Light Of The Immaterial Mind, Caleb Parks Apr 2024

Artificial General Intelligence And The Mind-Body Problem: Exploring The Computability Of Simulated Human Intelligence In Light Of The Immaterial Mind, Caleb Parks

Senior Honors Theses

In this thesis I explore whether achieving artificial general intelligence (AGI) through simulating the human brain is theoretically possible. Because of the scientific community’s predominantly physicalist outlook on the mind-body problem, AGI research may be limited by erroneous foundational presuppositions. Arguments from linguistics and mathematics demonstrate that the human intellect is partially immaterial, opening the door for novel analysis of the mind’s simulability. I categorize mind-body problem philosophies in a manner relevant to computer science based upon state transitions, and determine their ramifications on mind-simulation. Finally, I demonstrate how classical architectures cannot resolve so-called Gödel statements, discuss why this inability …


Shaping Character: The Role Of Mythology In Society, Jaclyn Weist Mar 2024

Shaping Character: The Role Of Mythology In Society, Jaclyn Weist

Masters Theses

Throughout history, man has told stories. Some stories were written on walls, tablets, or bits of parchment. Others have been passed down to posterity through oral tradition. Every culture worldwide has a rich tapestry of legends and myths. It is my intent to demonstrate that these stories use the tools of character development within their various plot lines to both express and shape beliefs, superstitions, and life lessons. Whether they are religious in nature or simply trying to make sense of the world, these stories, myths, and legends have played a part in shaping society into what it is today.


A Qualitative Study: Teacher Perceptions About How They Are Prepared To Teach Students With Multiple Learning Disabilities In An Inclusive Classroom Setting, Tondra E. Hart Mar 2024

A Qualitative Study: Teacher Perceptions About How They Are Prepared To Teach Students With Multiple Learning Disabilities In An Inclusive Classroom Setting, Tondra E. Hart

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of the phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions and lived experiences of teachers in Georgia and how the pre-service training received by them prepares them for an inclusive classroom, including students with multiple learning disabilities. Educators who are teaching in an inclusive classroom are defined as having completed the required education and pre-service training to teach both students with disabilities and students without disabilities. The central question for this study was: How do teachers perceive they are prepared to teach students with multiple learning disabilities in an inclusive classroom setting? The study used a qualitative phenomenological research …


Vietnam Wacs: An Exploration Of Women’S Military Service During The Sociopolitical Upheaval Of The Vietnam War Era, Carmen M. Latvis Mar 2024

Vietnam Wacs: An Exploration Of Women’S Military Service During The Sociopolitical Upheaval Of The Vietnam War Era, Carmen M. Latvis

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Women’s military service has often been relegated to the footnotes of history in the larger discussion of war and military service. Despite this, women have served the United States through every major conflict since the Revolutionary War with no expectation of recognition or reward. Such service raises questions regarding patriotism, gender roles, and citizenship. This research explores those questions during the Vietnam War era, one of the most defining moments in American society and culture and argues that women’s military service was shaped during those turbulent years through persistent quiet integration, defining political intervention, and military necessity. An investigation of …


Gender Bias In Natural Gender Language And Grammatical Gender Language Within Children's Literature, Kaleigh Marie White Smolinski Mar 2024

Gender Bias In Natural Gender Language And Grammatical Gender Language Within Children's Literature, Kaleigh Marie White Smolinski

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

There has been much research on the connection between language and gender bias but there is little comparing natural gender language, grammatical gender language, and gender bias. This research is important because it can offer an understanding of gender bias and how these biases are reinforced in different languages. The purpose of this study is to understand how gender biases are represented in children’s literature in different languages. The research questions how gender biases are found in both natural gender and grammatical gender languages within children’s literature. Then questions if there are any differences in these biases. This study compared …


Military Veterans And Yoga Teacher Training: A Phenomenological Review, Stephen L. Rego Mar 2024

Military Veterans And Yoga Teacher Training: A Phenomenological Review, Stephen L. Rego

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This transcendental phenomenological study aimed to discover the experiences of military veteran graduates of two Veterans Yoga Project (VYP) cohorts. The theory guiding this study was phenomenological inquiry, founded by Husserl and expanded by Hegel, Heidegger, and van Manen, as it explored the lived experiences and potential intersection of wellness in military veterans. The candidates for participation were recruited from the VYP MRYTT yoga training program 2021 Cohort 1, providing 16 graduates, and 2022 Cohort 2, providing 23 graduates. This study discovered 1) the lived experiences of yoga teacher training (YTT) in military veterans, 2) a conceptualization of military veterans’ …


A Transcendental Phenomenology On Parents’ Motivational Beliefs Towards Involvement In Their Children's Education: The Lived Experiences Of Parents Whose Children Have Attended A Kinder Through Fifth Grade Foreign Language Immersion Program, Kate Marie Kempen Mar 2024

A Transcendental Phenomenology On Parents’ Motivational Beliefs Towards Involvement In Their Children's Education: The Lived Experiences Of Parents Whose Children Have Attended A Kinder Through Fifth Grade Foreign Language Immersion Program, Kate Marie Kempen

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to understand parents’ lived experiences in relation to their motivational beliefs for involvement in their children’s education in a K-5 foreign language immersion program. The central research question guiding this study was: What are the lived experiences of parents whose children have attended at least 2 years of a K-5 foreign language immersion program regarding their motivational beliefs towards involvement in their children’s education? Three sub-questions addressing the specific aspects of motivational beliefs were used to further examine parent involvement. The theory that guided this study was the Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler model …


Truth And Fiction, Rachel Michele Schroeder Feb 2024

Truth And Fiction, Rachel Michele Schroeder

Masters Theses

This literary review explains the importance of literature in helping to indirectly describe reality. The review takes the reader through a plethora of literary examples and gives brief psychological and philosophical argumentation to showcase the importance of literature in the lives of children and adults. The Function of Fiction describes the ways in which fiction is intended to be employed. On the Psychology of Stories discusses how stories impact behavior. On Myths examines the ways in which myths connect to history and culture. On Fables and Fairytales dissects how stories often have a moral and encourage the best in humanity. …


Recruitment And Retention In The Post-Floyd Era: A Phenomenological Study Of Miami-Dade County Law Enforcement, Carlos A. Vesco Feb 2024

Recruitment And Retention In The Post-Floyd Era: A Phenomenological Study Of Miami-Dade County Law Enforcement, Carlos A. Vesco

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This study employed a phenomenological approach to analyze law enforcement professionals' perspectives regarding police recruitment and retention in Miami-Dade County after the murder of George Floyd. The study focuses on two primary issues: the ongoing shortage of police officers and the absence of effective retention measures. The study’s theoretical approach is informed by the principles of transformational leadership theory and Herzberg’s two-factor motivation-hygiene theory. The research utilized a qualitative methodology, including face-to-face interviews with a total of twenty-nine participants from three police jurisdictions within Miami-Dade County. These individuals were selected based on their experience in the field. The data was …


The Effect Of Music On Spiritual Well Being Among Hospice Patients, Mathai Abraham Feb 2024

The Effect Of Music On Spiritual Well Being Among Hospice Patients, Mathai Abraham

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The life expectancy of a hospice patient is approximately six months or less. Hospice care is not for the cure of the disease. It is the care provided to the patients for the symptom management of the disease. Hospice care, known as end-of-life care, is very important for a comfortable and peaceful passage. Holistic care for the hospice patient is the goal of the hospice care plan. A hospice patient’s spiritual well-being can be maintained by spiritual support through a spiritual presence and spiritual conversation; all hospice care institutions' disciplines can provide adequate spiritual aid through their interaction with patients, …


The Lived Experiences Of In-Service Teachers' Perceptions Of Culturally Responsive Education: A Hermeneutical Phenomenology, Joshua J. Jackson Feb 2024

The Lived Experiences Of In-Service Teachers' Perceptions Of Culturally Responsive Education: A Hermeneutical Phenomenology, Joshua J. Jackson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this hermeneutical phenomenological study was to identify, describe, and interpret the lived experiences of in-service teachers with culturally responsive education. The theory guiding this study was the social cognitive theory, emphasizing reciprocal determinism, or the bi-directional relationship between the personal, environmental, and behavioral determinants. This study's central question asked, " What are the lived experiences of in-service teachers concerning the concept of culturally responsive education?" The study took place in a large, suburban school district in Florida. The researcher selected 10 participants who have at least three years of classroom experience and have received an equity-micro-credential, which …


Some Aspects Of The Theology Of The City In Ane Literature And Biblical Protology And Eschatology: A Comparative Study, Vlatko Dir Feb 2024

Some Aspects Of The Theology Of The City In Ane Literature And Biblical Protology And Eschatology: A Comparative Study, Vlatko Dir

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The city is an essential accomplishment that is embedded in the foundations of human civilization. From its mature appearance in Sumer and its developed forms throughout the ANE world, the city held a high place in cosmology, cosmogony, and anthropogony. The ideology and theology of the city created by the ANE peoples were built around and presented through the interplay of the triangle of influences and dependencies formed by the city, the temple, and kingship in conjunction with the gods. The question is whether the same construct is ingeminated in the Bible. This dissertation strives to provide an appropriate context …


A Phenomenological Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Mainstream Classroom Teachers And Overly Active, Distracted Students, Elizabeth I. Minney Feb 2024

A Phenomenological Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Mainstream Classroom Teachers And Overly Active, Distracted Students, Elizabeth I. Minney

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to explore those lived experiences that predispose some mainstream elementary teachers to initially modify in-classroom instruction to meet the needs of their overly active, distracted students before referring them for an ADHD evaluation. Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory was the lens through which this study was examined. In essence, social learning theory suggests that individuals learn what they know and how they should act through formal and informal interactions with others. The central research question around which this study revolved was: What are the lived experiences of mainstream classroom teachers who prefer …


The Signs Of Cinema: Exploring The Effects Of Signifying God In Shadowlands, Bad Times At The El Royale, And The Tree Of Life, Eric Wescott Smith Feb 2024

The Signs Of Cinema: Exploring The Effects Of Signifying God In Shadowlands, Bad Times At The El Royale, And The Tree Of Life, Eric Wescott Smith

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the cinematic semiosis of God, to understand how God is signified through the film medium, and to explore possible effects of this signification on the American Christian mythos. This qualitative study was conducted as an artifactual analysis study. The selected artifacts were three films and two works of literature. The film artifacts were Shadowlands, Bad Times at the El Royale, and The Tree of Life. The literature artifacts were A Grief Observed by C. S. Lewis and The Book of Job. The practice of close reading was given to each artifact …


A Phenomenological Study: The Academic Experiences Of Low-Socioeconomic-Status Esl Learners Enrolled In A Mid-Sized Urban Community College, Anna Buck Feb 2024

A Phenomenological Study: The Academic Experiences Of Low-Socioeconomic-Status Esl Learners Enrolled In A Mid-Sized Urban Community College, Anna Buck

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to describe the academic experiences of low socioeconomic status ESL learners enrolled in a mid-sized urban community college located in Pennsylvania. The theory that guided this study is Walberg’s theory on educational productivity, as it looks at how learners’ psychological characteristics and the psychological environments in which they live influence academic outcomes and their ability to succeed academically. Walberg’s theory of educational productivity provided a framework to answer the central research question and three sub-questions: (A) What are the academic experiences of low socioeconomic status ESL learners? (B) What are the socioeconomic …


Fake News: Finding Truth In Strategic Communication, Anne Damisa Feb 2024

Fake News: Finding Truth In Strategic Communication, Anne Damisa

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Fake news is an old phenomenon that has become a new obsession and a menace to society due to technological advancement and the proliferation of social media, which has changed traditional journalism norms. As the spread of false information has increased these past few years, it has become increasingly difficult for information consumers to distinguish between facts and fakes. A comprehensive systematic literature review to extract themes revealed the major factors responsible for spreading fake news. This qualitative interpretative meta-synthesis (QIMS) aims to better understand and offer solutions to combat fake news. This Ph.D. dissertation will serve as a guide …


Somali Students In The American Elementary General Music Classroom, Alice L. Charland Jan 2024

Somali Students In The American Elementary General Music Classroom, Alice L. Charland

Masters Theses

Education must be cognizant of the Somali culture’s inclination to classify music as a morally charged entity. It must also be careful not to forget American cultural values that have defined the music classroom. The purpose of this research was to identify Somali cultural expressions that occur in the American elementary general music classroom and to identify underlying concepts that contribute to these cultural expressions. Additionally, the research sought to bring light to the relationship between the two, so that future music educators might be inspired to create assessments and activities that better suit the needs of all learners.


Philosophies Of Empirical And Habitual Teaching: Healthy Vocal Methodologies In Higher Education For The Twenty-First Century, Katie Denise Osuamkpe Jan 2024

Philosophies Of Empirical And Habitual Teaching: Healthy Vocal Methodologies In Higher Education For The Twenty-First Century, Katie Denise Osuamkpe

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Despite research done on healthy vocal methodologies, there are continuous changes in how best to prepare collegiate music students, relating to their emotional health through empirical and habitual teachings. This study will show how healthy vocal methodologies can influence higher education vocal students of the twenty-first century. This qualitative study can build a bridge to related topics in an exploratory framework with perspectives on: Dr. William Hettler’s Emotional Well-Being and its seven dimensions, Jean Piaget's Cognitive Construction Theory, Peter Salovey and John Mayer's Emotional Intelligence Theory, Daniel Goleman’s Social Emotional Learning Methodology, Susan Brookhart’s “Classroometrics” Theory, Howard Gardner’s Theory of …


Harbingers Of A New Age: Irish And Scots Irish Indian Fighters On The Colonial American Frontier, Christina A. Neely Jan 2024

Harbingers Of A New Age: Irish And Scots Irish Indian Fighters On The Colonial American Frontier, Christina A. Neely

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Through the examination of various points of Irish and Scots Irish settlement in the New World, a previously underrepresented portion of American history emerges to tell the story of a hearty and industrious people who literally went out into the wilderness and settled their own communities. Through their hard work and enterprising nature, they were able to not only survive in the face of extreme adversity on the frontier, but they preserved their culture for generations and contributed to the cultural, political, military, religious, and environmental influences that shaped the New World and the American nation. Their martial prowess and …


"A Friend Of Tax Collectors And Sinners": An Intertextual Reading Of Luke's Jesus According To Divine Identity And Yhwh Shepherd Language, Dottie H. Rhoads Jan 2024

"A Friend Of Tax Collectors And Sinners": An Intertextual Reading Of Luke's Jesus According To Divine Identity And Yhwh Shepherd Language, Dottie H. Rhoads

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Luke’s Gospel has been heralded as the Gospel for the outcast. This study suggests a biblical-theological approach to Luke’s depiction of Jesus that may guide an interpretation of Jesus’ person and activity. This study assumes an intertextual reading of Luke and identifies qualities and activities that he possesses and assumes according to Old Testament texts. Old Testament prophetic texts and Second Temple Jewish texts detailing YHWH’s intentions to return as Shepherd to his scattered and exiled people are examined. Luke’s birth narrative and accounts of dynamic moments in Jesus’ ministry (Lk 15:1-7; 19:1-10) are read in light of this intertextual …


Indirect Prophecies Concerning The Death Of Christ In Narrative, Lindsay A. Siemers Jan 2024

Indirect Prophecies Concerning The Death Of Christ In Narrative, Lindsay A. Siemers

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

In Luke 24, two disciples recognized that Jesus had predicted He would suffer, be betrayed, and handed over to death by crucifixion, and had said He would rise again on the third day. It was now the third day, and Jesus was no longer in the tomb, but they were confused as to what these things meant and how they came to be. Jesus says to them, “‘O foolish ones and slow of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken! Ought not the Christ to have suffered these things and to enter into His glory?’ And beginning …