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Is Cultural Imposition Less Of An Issue With Indigenous Psychologies?, Ype H. Poortinga Jan 2004

Is Cultural Imposition Less Of An Issue With Indigenous Psychologies?, Ype H. Poortinga

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.


Characteristics Of Indonesian Intercultural Sensitivity In Multicultural And International Work Groups, Hana Panggabean Jan 2004

Characteristics Of Indonesian Intercultural Sensitivity In Multicultural And International Work Groups, Hana Panggabean

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.


Relations Between Social Axioms And Values: Findings From Germany And India, Edgar W. Klinger, Nandita Chaudhary, Sujata Sriran Jan 2004

Relations Between Social Axioms And Values: Findings From Germany And India, Edgar W. Klinger, Nandita Chaudhary, Sujata Sriran

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.


Influences Of Cultural Artifacts And Social Practices On Number Conceptualization In Adults: Experimental And Ethnographic Approaches To Everyday Numeric Cognition, Samar Zebian Jan 2004

Influences Of Cultural Artifacts And Social Practices On Number Conceptualization In Adults: Experimental And Ethnographic Approaches To Everyday Numeric Cognition, Samar Zebian

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.


The Influence Of Schooling Of Cognitive Development: A Review Of Research In India, Ramesh C. Mishra, Pierre R. Dasen Jan 2004

The Influence Of Schooling Of Cognitive Development: A Review Of Research In India, Ramesh C. Mishra, Pierre R. Dasen

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.


Development Of The Revised-Neo Personality Inventory For Indonesia: A Preliminary Study, Magdalena S. Halim, J J. L. Derksen, C P. F. Van Der Staak Jan 2004

Development Of The Revised-Neo Personality Inventory For Indonesia: A Preliminary Study, Magdalena S. Halim, J J. L. Derksen, C P. F. Van Der Staak

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.


Adult Mother-Daughter Relationships In Indonesia, The Republic Of Korea, And Germany, Beate Schwarz, Gisela Trommsdorff, Pradeep Chakkarath Jan 2004

Adult Mother-Daughter Relationships In Indonesia, The Republic Of Korea, And Germany, Beate Schwarz, Gisela Trommsdorff, Pradeep Chakkarath

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No abstract provided.


Planning In Brazil, India And Germany, C. Dominik Guess Jan 2004

Planning In Brazil, India And Germany, C. Dominik Guess

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Planning is a fundamental cognitive ability that helps in organizing and structuring events unfolding in a person's daily life. Two studies are presented that analyze planning behavior in different cultures: Brazil, India, and Germany. The first is a cross-cultural psychological study in which students develop plans for uncertain problem scenarios. The second study follows a cultural psychological tradition. Workers from different domains are interviewed about their life problems and plans. The strengths and the weaknesses of both approaches become obvious in the description and discussion of these two studies. The cross-cultural study sheds light on cross-cultural similarities and differences in …


Decision Making In Individualistic And Collectivistic Cultures, C. Dominik Guess Jan 2004

Decision Making In Individualistic And Collectivistic Cultures, C. Dominik Guess

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

How do cultural values influence individuals' decision making? One would expect answers to this question either from cognitive psychology or from cross-cultural psychology. Cognitive theories on decision making, however, rarely consider the factor of culture, and research in cross-cultural psychology deals only to a small extent with decision making. Therefore the study of culture and decision making is a relatively new and unexplored field. In this paper normative and descriptive approaches to decision making are discussed and three cross-cultural studies on decision making in individualistic and collectivist cultures using different methodologies are described. The results are integrated into a model …


Cross-Cultural Meta-Analyses, Dianne A. Van Hemert Aug 2003

Cross-Cultural Meta-Analyses, Dianne A. Van Hemert

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

In the enormous collection of cross-cultural data that have been published during the last few decades it is difficult to perceive patterns. There is a clear need for systematizing the vast amount of cross-cultural studies and for developing models that explain cross-cultural differences in psychology. Two methods of cross-cultural meta-analysis can be distinguished. First, the instrument-based method of comparing data for one instrument across countries is suitable for instruments which have been administered in many countries. Second, a domain-based meta-analysis used a thematic domain from which culture-comparative studies are sampled instead of one specific instrument or method.


Emotion Representation And Perception Across Cultures, Jeanette Altarriba, Dana M. Basnight, Tina M. Canary Aug 2003

Emotion Representation And Perception Across Cultures, Jeanette Altarriba, Dana M. Basnight, Tina M. Canary

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Are emotion words or emotion categories universal, or are particular emotions and emotion categories specific to certain cultures? The current review explores the answer to this question by summarizing the limited number of studies that have addressed this issue. The representation of emotion is discussed with regards to verbal and nonverbal (facial) processing, in turn. The evidence indicates that the answer is often conflicting and that issues such as methodological, linguistic, social and cultural variance have contributed to the often contradictory findings.


Family: Variations And Changes Across Cultures, James Georgas Aug 2003

Family: Variations And Changes Across Cultures, James Georgas

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

In order to study psychological phenomena cross-culturally, it is necessary to understand the different types of family in cultures throughout the world and also how family types are related to cultural features of societies. This article discusses: The definitions and the structure and functions of family; the different family types and relationships with kin; the ecocultural determinants of variations of family types, e.g, ecological features, means of subsistence, political and legal system, education and religion; changes in family in different cultures; the influence of modernization and globalization on family change throughout the world.


Measuring Personality And Values Across Cultures: Imported Versus Indigenous Measures, Fanny M. Cheung, Shu Fai Cheung Feb 2003

Measuring Personality And Values Across Cultures: Imported Versus Indigenous Measures, Fanny M. Cheung, Shu Fai Cheung

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Cross-cultural studies of personality have shown cultural similarities and differences in the manifestation of personality traits. In interpreting cultural differences in personality traits, we should consider not only the experiences of people in different cultures, but also the measures adopted and the cultural orientations of researchers themselves. In this chapter, we discuss the considerations in adapting an instrument from one culture to another culture. We illustrate the alternative approach of developing an indigenous personality measure in the Chinese culture.


Cultural Aspects Of Depressive Experience And Disorders, Anthony J. Marsella Feb 2003

Cultural Aspects Of Depressive Experience And Disorders, Anthony J. Marsella

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

No abstract provided.


Opening Words: The Meaning Of Relevance, Allen Webb, Jonathan Bush Jan 2003

Opening Words: The Meaning Of Relevance, Allen Webb, Jonathan Bush

Language Arts Journal of Michigan

No abstract provided.


Close Encounters Of The Third World King: Teaching I, Rigoberta Menchu To High School Students In Southwest Michigan, Allen Webb, Teresa Anderson, Matt Kemp, Jessica Miller, Andrea Smith Jan 2003

Close Encounters Of The Third World King: Teaching I, Rigoberta Menchu To High School Students In Southwest Michigan, Allen Webb, Teresa Anderson, Matt Kemp, Jessica Miller, Andrea Smith

Language Arts Journal of Michigan

No abstract provided.


Writing To Change The World: Creating Critical And Relevant Texts In Secondary English Classrooms, Ernest Morrell Jan 2003

Writing To Change The World: Creating Critical And Relevant Texts In Secondary English Classrooms, Ernest Morrell

Language Arts Journal of Michigan

No abstract provided.


The Nature And Scope Of Intra-Cultural Variation On Psychological Dimensions, Anu Realo, Jüri Allik Sep 2002

The Nature And Scope Of Intra-Cultural Variation On Psychological Dimensions, Anu Realo, Jüri Allik

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Much of the research in cross-cultural psychology is done using countries (national cultures) as main units of comparison, disregarding other important characteristics of the participants such as their ethnicity, language, religious or territorial affiliation. Thus, despite the fact that there exist clearly distinguishable sub-cultures within many countries or national cultures, they are often regarded as uniform and homogenous entities in cross-cultural research. In many cases, as we will argue in this paper, such approach is rather justifiable. In doing so, however, one should always be aware of large intra-cultural diversity which can be found in many countries all around the …


Culture And Adolescent Development, C S. Chen, Susan Farruggia Aug 2002

Culture And Adolescent Development, C S. Chen, Susan Farruggia

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

This paper summarizes several of the most significant issues in the area of culture and adolescent development. First, we discuss the classical debates regarding the universality of adolescence as a distinct period of life and as a period of emotional turmoil. Second, we focus on the role of culture in the physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development of adolescents. Finally, we outline two emerging issues in cross-cultural adolescent psychology (i.e., developmental processes and the effects of social change and globalization).


Subjective Culture, Harry C. Triandis Aug 2002

Subjective Culture, Harry C. Triandis

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

The definition of subjective culture is followed by a listing of the elements of subjective culture and an examination of the content of each element and the methodological problems in studying that element.


Hispanic Psychology: A 25-Year Retrospective Look, Amado M. Padilla Aug 2002

Hispanic Psychology: A 25-Year Retrospective Look, Amado M. Padilla

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Hispanic psychology has its roots in ethnic psychology and in cross-cultural psychology. The basic premise is that it is a valuable enterprise both theoretically and empirically to study the behavior of Hispanics. Over the past 25 years, research in Hispanic psychology has given way to a new scholarship or paradigm that calls for the recognition of intragroup variation which values within-group comparisons rather than relying exclusively on between-group effects. Acculturation and biculturalism have taken on special significance in Hispanic psychology. Further, Hispanic psychology must also consider the effects of racism and oppression on people and how these affect ethnic identity, …


Cultural Variations In Parental Support Of Children's Play, Maureen Vandermaas-Peeler Aug 2002

Cultural Variations In Parental Support Of Children's Play, Maureen Vandermaas-Peeler

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

The purpose of this reading is to highlight the importance of play for children's development and to examine the role of parents in supporting children's play in various cultures. Although play is believed to be universal, the amount of attention devoted to play in a particular society depends in part on the cultural beliefs about the nature of childhood, and on the adults' specific goals for their young children. Researchers have found that some parents consider themselves appropriate social partners for their young children, but in many communities it is older siblings and peers who are the children's primary play …


Encouraging Depth Rather Than Surface Processing About Cultural Differences Through Critical Incidents And Role Plays, Richard Brislin Aug 2002

Encouraging Depth Rather Than Surface Processing About Cultural Differences Through Critical Incidents And Role Plays, Richard Brislin

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Intercultural interactions will increase in the future given international business ventures, immigration patterns, recognition of minority group rights in various countries, and other social changes. People can prepare themselves by participating in formal educational and training programs that deal with understanding cultural differences and with communication across cultural boundaries. One approach to education and training is to analyze critical incidents that depict people in intercultural encounters that involve a misunderstanding or a difficulty. In addition to identifying exact reasons for the difficulties, people can also learn about research-based concepts that assist in understanding many other intercultural interactions they are likely …


Social Identity And Navajo High School Students: Is A Strong Social Identity Important In The School Context?, John W. Hinkley, Herbert W. Marsh, Dennis M. Mcinerney Aug 2002

Social Identity And Navajo High School Students: Is A Strong Social Identity Important In The School Context?, John W. Hinkley, Herbert W. Marsh, Dennis M. Mcinerney

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

In this paper, we explore the concept of identity. We do this by suggesting that one's identity self-concept is multi-dimensional (personal, social, & cultural). Before examining the question in the title, we distinguish between these constructs. We then describe social identity theory and illustrate its utility by examining Navajo high school students' positive and negative ability beliefs about school and how social identity theory might explain the results. We conclude by pointing to the need for more research in this important area of study, particularly in terms of the need for similar research with other cultural groups.


Cultural Explorations Of Human Intelligence Around The World, Robert J. Sternberg Aug 2002

Cultural Explorations Of Human Intelligence Around The World, Robert J. Sternberg

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

The goal of this article is to review cultural explorations of human intelligence around the globe. The article opens in the first part with a consideration of cultural studies that suggest that there is more to intelligence than IQ. It continues with the suggestion for what that "more" might be, namely, "successful intelligence." The second part of the article thus describes the theory of successful intelligence, as well as data from various cultures that support the theory. The third part of the article considers cultural conceptions, of implicit theories of intelligence. It is concluded that cultural studies suggest that conventional …


Cross-Cultural Research On The Five-Factor Model Of Personality, Robert R. Mccrae Aug 2002

Cross-Cultural Research On The Five-Factor Model Of Personality, Robert R. Mccrae

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

The Five-Factor Model (FFM) is a comprehensive taxonomy of personality traits, which are tendencies to show consistent patterns of thoughts, feelings, and actions. Although it was originally identified in the United States, the model appears to describe personality structure well in a wide variety of cultures, suggesting that personality trait structure is universal. Age changes--decreases in Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness and increases in Agreeableness and Conscientiousness from adolescence to adulthood--also appear to be universal, as are gender differences. Current studies comparing the mean levels of personality traits across cultures show systematic patterns, but their interpretation is uncertain. The FFM is …


Studying Personality Traits Across Cultures: Philippine Examples, A. Timothy Church, Marcia S. Katigbak Aug 2002

Studying Personality Traits Across Cultures: Philippine Examples, A. Timothy Church, Marcia S. Katigbak

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Trait perspectives are dominant in the study of personality cross-culturally. We review the questions addressed by researchers who study personality traits across cultures, including, among others, whether traits are used in all cultures to understand persons and their behavior, the universality versus culture-specificity of traits, the validity of imported and indigenous measures of personality traits, and the meaningfulness of trait comparisons across cultures. We then summarize evidence relevant to these questions in one collectivistic culture, the Philippines. Overall, personality research in the Philippines supports the applicability of traits and trait theory as a basis for understanding persons and their behavior …


What Questions Arise When Studying Cultural Universals In Depression? Lessons From Abnormal Psychology Textbooks, Junko Tanaka-Matsumi, Robert Chang Aug 2002

What Questions Arise When Studying Cultural Universals In Depression? Lessons From Abnormal Psychology Textbooks, Junko Tanaka-Matsumi, Robert Chang

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

We examined 70 abnormal psychology textbooks published from 1920s to the present to identify consistent cross-cultural themes with regard to human depressive experiences over time and across regions of the world. The cultural and cross-cultural literature on abnormality and depression, in particular, has contributed to widening the scope of abnormal psychology textbooks over time. However, the texts are almost entirely dependent on Western diagnostic categories, particularly with regard to definitions of depression. Within the Western classification framework, authors of abnormal psychology textbooks have increasingly recognized the role of culture in depressive experiences and their communication. On the basis of our …


Somatization Vs. Psychologization Of Emotional Distress: A Paradigmatic Example For Cultural Psychopathology, Andrew G. Ryder, Jian Yang, Steven J. Heine Aug 2002

Somatization Vs. Psychologization Of Emotional Distress: A Paradigmatic Example For Cultural Psychopathology, Andrew G. Ryder, Jian Yang, Steven J. Heine

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

This paper describes the developing area of cultural psychopathology, an interdisciplinary field of study focusing on the ways in which cultural factors contribute to the experience and expression of psychological distress. We begin by outlining two approaches, often competing, in order to provide a background to some of the issues that complicate the field. The main section of the paper is devoted to a discussion of depression in Chinese culture as an example of the types of questions that can be studied. Here, we start with a review of the epidemiological literature, suggesting low rates of depression in China, …


Precursors Of Cross-Cultural Psychology And The Context Of Culture, Rogelio Diaz-Guerrero Aug 2002

Precursors Of Cross-Cultural Psychology And The Context Of Culture, Rogelio Diaz-Guerrero

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

No abstract provided.