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2011-2012 Department Of Internal Medicine Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

2011-2012 Department Of Biomedical Sciences Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

2011-2012 Department Of Family Medicine Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

The Invisible Enemy: The Effects Of Polio On The American War Effort During World War Ii, 1941-1945, Jacob Owen Bryant

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis looks at the social, political, and military effects of epidemic polio on America's war effort during World War II. The primary sources consulted include newspapers, military medical reports, photographs, memoirs, speeches, and archival collections. It looks at the effects of polio on the home front, more specifically how epidemics and the rising rates of polio were a detriment to the civilian war effort. It also focuses on the American military's preparation for and response to polio outbreaks among troops both at home and abroad. Finally, it discusses the experiences of the servicemen who contracted polio during the war. …

Office Of The Vice Provost For Research Annual Report - 2012, Office Of The Vice Provost For Research, East Tennessee State University

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

2012-2013 - College Of Pharmacy Catalog, Office Of The Registrar, East Tennessee State University

Pharmacy Academic Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Synthesis Of Resveratrol Esters And Aliphatic Acids., Stanley Mofor Jing

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Resveratrol (RV) is a naturally occurring phytoalexin of the stilbenoid family produced by some plant species, and present in grape skin, peanuts, and red wine. It has been found to exhibit anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-aging, cardio protective, and anti-oxidant properties. Bioavailability is a huge setback that limits the potentials of RV. As a result, efforts have been made to design and synthesize RV esters and aliphatic acids in an attempt to increase its bioavailability, solubility in water, and possibly improving its biological activities. Resveratrol esters, 3,5,4'-triacetyloxystilbene (2) and Methyl 1,1',1''- (3,4',5-stilbenyl)-1,6-hexanedioate (3) have been synthesized. Compound 3 is a new …

Using Electrochemical Method To Study The Interaction Between Dna And A Compound Known To Have Anticancer Property., Alexander Kamasah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The interaction of 4-(1'-[8'-(1''-pyrenyl)naphthyl])-2,6-diaminopyridine bis-glycamide bishydrocholride known to have anticancer properties with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) had been studied on a modified gold electrode by self-assembled monolayer using cyclic voltammetry. K₄Fe (CN)₆ was used as a probe to obtain electrochemical information on the electrode surface.

A bare gold (Au) electrode was modified with cysteamine and our results showed no change in the limiting steady state current as compared to the bare Au electrode. There was a reduction in the steady state current after the modification of the gold electrode with DNA. Immobilization of the DNA modified gold electrode …

The Development Of A Neonatal Communication Intervention Tool, Esedra Strasheim, Alta Kritzinger, Brenda Louw

ETSU Faculty Works

Neonatal communication intervention is important in South Africa, which has an increased prevalence of infants born with risks for disabilities and where the majority of infants live in poverty. Local literature showed a dearth of information on the current service delivery and roles of speech-language therapists (SLTs) and audiologists in neonatal nurseries in the South African context. SLTs have the opportunity to provide the earliest intervention, provided that intervention is well-timed in the neonatal nursery context. The aim of the research was to compile a locally relevant neonatal communication intervention instrument/tool for use by SLTs in neonatal nurseries of public …

Tim-3 Negatively Regulates Il-12 Expression By Monocytes In Hcv Infection, Ying Zhang, Cheng J. Ma, Jia M. Wang, Xiao J. Ji, Xiao Y. Wu, Zhan S. Jia, Jonathan P. Moorman, Zhi Q. Yao

ETSU Faculty Works

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) is a newly identified negative immunomodulator that is up-regulated on dysfunctional T cells during viral infections. The expression and function of Tim-3 on human innate immune responses during HCV infection, however, remains poorly characterized. In this study, we report that Tim-3 is constitutively expressed on human resting CD14+ monocyte/macrophages (M/MØ) and functions as a cap to block IL-12, a key pro-inflammatory cytokine linking innate and adaptive immune responses. Tim-3 expression is significantly reduced and IL-12 expression increased upon stimulation with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand - lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and TLR7/8 ligand …

Chronic Granulomatous Disease: A Review Of The Infectious And Inflammatory Complications, Eunkyung Song, Gayatri B. Jaishankar, Hana Saleh, Warit Jithpratuck, Ryan Sahni, Guha Krishnaswamy

ETSU Faculty Works

Chronic Granulomatous Disease is the most commonly encountered immunodeficiency involving the phagocyte, and is characterized by repeated infections with bacterial and fungal pathogens, as well as the formation of granulomas in tissue. The disease is the result of a disorder of the NADPH oxidase system, culminating in an inability of the phagocyte to generate superoxide, leading to the defective killing of pathogenic organisms. This can lead to infections with Staphylococcus aureus, Psedomonas species, Nocardia species, and fungi (such as Aspergillus species and Candida albicans). Involvement of vital or large organs can contribute to morbidity and/or mortality in the affected patients. …

Toll-Like Receptor 9 Is Required For Opioid-Induced Microglia Apoptosis, Lei He, Hui Li, Lin Chen, Junying Miao, Yulin Jiang, Yi Zhang, Zuoxiang Xiao, Gregory Hanley, Yi Li, Xiumei Zhang, Gene Lesage, Ying Peng, Deling Yin

ETSU Faculty Works

Opioids have been widely applied in clinics as one of the most potent pain relievers for centuries, but their abuse has deleterious physiological effects beyond addiction. However, the underlying mechanism by which microglia in response to opioids remains largely unknown. Here we show that morphine induces the expression of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), a key mediator of innate immunity and inflammation. Interestingly, TLR9 deficiency significantly inhibited morphine-induced apoptosis in microglia. Similar results were obtained when endogenous TLR9 expression was suppressed by the TLR9 inhibitor CpGODN. Inhibition of p38 MAPK by its specific inhibitor SB203580 attenuated morphine-induced microglia apoptosis in wild …

Impacts Of Goat Browsing And Disease On Lilium Grayi, Gray's Lily, On Roan Mountain., Joseph Powell

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The flora of southern Appalachian high elevation balds has strong representation of northern disjuncts and regional endemics. Among the endemics, the showy Lilium grayi (Gray’s Lily), is most noteworthy for its historical significance and for a high public profile. As bald vegetation changes in response to human and natural environmental shifts, active bald management has been implemented on public lands. Among managed balds, the Roan Mountain massif supports a large population of L. grayi. The purpose of this study was to describe the demography of adult plants, compare browsed and non-browsed plots, and determine the extent to which disease …

Role Of Stress In The Onset Of Diabetes Mellitus In Mice., Lindsey Brianne Mcamis

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This study investigated the effects of stress on the onset of chemically-induced diabetes mellitus in mice. Sixty male ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups of 10 mice. A factorial arrangement of 2 factors (streptozotocin (STZ) and stress) was used to produce 6 treatments. Three levels of STZ (0, 25 and 50 mg/kg bodyweight) and 2 levels of stress (stress and no-stress) were used. Stressed groups were exposed to restraint stress 6 hours daily for 18 days. Mice bodyweight, feed consumption and blood glucose levels were recorded regularly during the study period. At the end of the study period, …

Visitor Hand-Washing Compliance According To Policies And Procedures At A Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit., Desiree Raynor

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Hospital-acquired infections cost hospitals approximately $30.5 billion per year and also result in longer hospital stays, chronic conditions, and even death with associated malpractice costs. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, hand hygiene is a simple, effective way to prevent illness and infection. The purpose of this research was to determine if visitors to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a regional medical center comply with hand-washing policies and procedures. If NICU visitors wash their hands properly, they can prevent potentially fatal infections from spreading to patients, healthcare workers, and unaffected family members. Hand-washing compliance has …

The Occurrence Of An Abdominal Fauna In An Articulated Tapir (Tapirus Polkensis) Recovered From The Miocene Gray Fossil Site Northeast Tennessee., Shannon M. Mcconnell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The analysis of samples recovered from the abdominal area of an articulated tapir from the Late Miocene (4.5-7 million bp) Gray Fossil Site, revealed a rich palyno-fauna comprised of about 94% egg/oocyst-like structures and 6% pollen and other palynomorphs. In addition, a tight grouping of six hickory nuts (Carya) was recovered from the same area suggesting that the samples represent the abdominal contents. The analysis of a sample from immediately outside the tapir produced a sample with 98% pollen and less than 0.5% egg-like structures. The size, shape, and general morphology of egg-like structures were analyzed with light …

2011 April 5 - Medical Student Education Committee Minutes, Medical Student Education Committee, East Tennessee State University

Medical Student Education Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

Office Of The Vice Provost For Research Annual Report - 2011, Office Of The Vice Provost For Research, East Tennessee State University

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

2011-2012 - College Of Pharmacy Catalog, Office Of The Registrar, East Tennessee State University

Pharmacy Academic Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Primary Erythromelalgia - Case Report, Lígia G. De Albuquerque, Emmanuel R. De França, Valter Kozmhinsky, Marina Coutinho Querino, Amanda Guedes Domingues De Morais

ETSU Faculty Works

Erythromelalgia is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by heat, redness and intermittent pain in the extremities, being most frequent the bilateral development in the lower extremities. Local cooling brings relief to symptoms, while heating, physical exercises and use of stockings/socks intensify the discomfort. This condition can be primary or idiopathic or secondary to haematological disorders and vascular inflammatory and degenerative diseases. It is reported the case of an eighteen-year-old male who presented, at the early age of two, development of the symptoms of erythema, heat and pain followed by desquamation of hands and feet, in outbreaks, with intervals 4 to …

Mathematical Modeling, Simulation, And Time Series Analysis Of Seasonal Epidemics., Eric Shu Numfor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Seasonal and non-seasonal Susceptible-Exposed-Infective-Recovered-Susceptible (SEIRS) models are formulated and analyzed. It is proved that the disease-free steady state of the non-seasonal model is locally asymptotically stable if R_v < 1, and disease invades if R_v > 1. For the seasonal SEIRS model, it is shown that the disease-free periodic solution is locally asymptotically stable when R̅_v < 1, and I(t) is persistent with sustained oscillations when R̅_v > 1. Numerical simulations indicate that the orbit representing I(t) decays when R̅_v < 1 < R_v. The seasonal SEIRS model with routine and pulse vaccination is simulated, and results depict an unsustained decrease …

Discovery And Characterization Of An Antibiotic From The Soil Bacterium Bacillus Sp., Thomas S. Barber

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Many important antibiotics have become nearly obsolete due to the rise of antibiotic resistant pathogens. Rhodococcus, an actinomycete related to the prolific antibiotic producing genus Streptomyces, harbors over 30 genes for secondary metabolism that could be involved in antibiotic production. Several antibiotics have already been reported for Rhodococcus, suggesting the genus may be a good source for new inhibitory compounds. Fifty four soil bacteria were isolated using enrichment culture techniques (including 37 Rhodococcus) and screened for antibiotic producers. BTHX2, a species of Bacillus was found to have activity against Micrococcus luteus and Rhodococcus erythropolis. BTHX2 …

The Sir Model When S(T) Is A Multi-Exponential Function., Teshome Mogessie Balkew

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The SIR can be expressed either as a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations or as a nonlinear Volterra integral equation. In general, neither of these can be solved in closed form. In this thesis, it is shown that if we assume S(t) is a finite multi-exponential, i.e. function of the form S(t) = a+ ∑ⁿ_k=1 r_ke^-σ_kt or a logistic function which is an infinite-multi-exponential, i.e. function of the form S(t) = c + a/b+e^wt, then …

A Profile Of Rural Southern Appalachian Hiv Patients: Vamc Versus Com., Lauren Brooks

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Although the AIDS epidemic in America began approximately three decades ago, much remains to be learned about the epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in rural America. This study compared profiles of HIV patients at the James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) in Mountain Home, TN to those seen at a university-based community HIV care clinic (COM) in Johnson City, TN.

The Effect Of Mentholated Cigarette Use On Interleukin-6 Responses Across Different Hiv Positive Race/Ethnic Subgroups, María J. Míguez-Burbano, Rhonda Rosenberg, Robert Malow, Ximena Burbano, Jessy Devieux, Nair Madhavan

ETSU Faculty Works

In this report, we analyze trends in interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), as a function of smoking behaviors and race, using a clinic-based case-control design. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from a multiethnic cohort of 120 PLWH to measure IL-6 in culture supernatant. The data indicated that stimulated PBMC produced significantly higher levels of IL-6 in smokers than nonsmokers. However, as expected, this relationship was substantially modified by race. The distinctive production of IL-6 across different racial groups highlights the need for additional studies and suggests that African American smokers have enhanced …

Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli: An Emerging Enteric Food Borne Pathogen, A. Asea, P. Kaur, A. Chakraborti

ETSU Faculty Works

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) are quite heterogeneous category of an emerging enteric pathogen associated with cases of acute or persistent diarrhea worldwide in children and adults, and over the past decade has received increasing attention as a cause of watery diarrhea, which is often persistent. EAEC infection is an important cause of diarrhea in outbreak and non-outbreak settings in developing and developed countries. Recently, EAEC has been implicated in the development of irritable bowel syndrome, but this remains to be confirmed. EAEC is defined as a diarrheal pathogen based on its characteristic aggregative adherence (AA) to HEp-2 cells in culture …

Assessing Commercial Organic And Conventionally Grown Vegetables By Monitoring Selected Heavy Metals Found In Them., Charles Kafui Dotse

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Commercially available organic and conventionally grown vegetables were studied by quantitative determination of selected metals in them and to determine if any differences found are statistically significant. These findings can help the consumers to determine if the vegetable products are within the recommended maximum limits as proposed by the joint FAO/WHO Expert committee on organic foods designation. Eight edible vegetables were purchased from local stores in both the organic and conventionally grown categories. Samples were digested with concentrated nitric acid and the metals monitored were zinc, copper, lead, iron, cadmium, and nickel using flame atomic absorption. The concentration range for …

Viral Vaccines And Ctl Response, Uday Kumaraguru, Stacie N. Woolard

ETSU Faculty Works

Immune induction by successful vaccine formulations seems to involve stimulation of both humoral and cellular arms of immunity. Nevertheless, CD8+ CTLs are of critical relevance in the context of intracellular infection and tumor for many reasons. The task of exerting antipathogen activity by CD8+ T cells, which principally function to control and eradicate intracellular pathogens, is enabled by constitutive expression of MHC class-I molecules on all tissue types. CTL induction offers hope for vaccines against pathogens that are resistant to neutralizing activity. This review discusses the mechanism of immune induction by some successful vaccines and based on the accrued evidence …

Critical Role Of Toll-Like Receptor 9 In Morphine And Mycobacterium Tuberculosis-Induced Apoptosis In Mice, Lin Chen, Wanliang Shi, Hui Li, Xiuli Sun, Xionglin Fan, Gene Lesage, Hui Li, Yi Li, Yi Zhang, Xiumei Zhang, Ying Zhang, Deling Yin

ETSU Faculty Works

Background: Although it is established that opioid and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are both public health problems, the mechanisms by which they affect lung functions remain elusive. Methodology/Principal Findings: We report here that mice subjected to chronic morphine administration and M. tuberculosis infection exhibited significant apoptosis in the lung in wild type mice as demonstrated by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling assay. Morphine and M. tuberculosis significantly induced the expression of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), a key mediator of innate immunity and inflammation. Interestingly, deficiency in TLR9 significantly inhibited the morphine and M. tuberculosis induced apoptosis in the …

2010-2011 - College Of Pharmacy Catalog, Office Of The Registrar, East Tennessee State University

Pharmacy Academic Catalogs

No abstract provided.