Digital Commons Network^™

Studying And Predicting Quality Of Life Atmospheric Parameters With The Aid Of Computational Intelligence Methods, Kostas Karatzas, D. Voukantsis

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Air quality management is among the most challenging problems in terms of analysis and modelling. Air quality modelling and forecasting is directly affected by the highly nonlinear relationships between pollutants and weather, while in many cases there is insufficient domain knowledge due to the influences of local conditions. As atmospheric quality has an impact on the quality of life of millions of people, the ability to reveal interrelationships between parameters that influence environmental decision making is very important. In addition, forecasting of such parameters for the purpose of early warning and health risk prevention is of paramount importance for sensitive …

3d Ecological Modelling Of The Aveiro Coast (Portugal), A. C. Cardoso, J. F. Lopes

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Until now the most of studies concerning the dynamics of the Portuguese coastalecosystem focused in estuarine, lagoon and rivers systems, whereas more knowledge aboutthe spatial and the seasonal distribution of phytoplankton population at the coast is stillneeded. The present work is aimed to study some aspects of ecological modelling of thenearshore Aveiro coastal system, namely the influence of physical forcings in thedistribution of phytoplankton biomass. In order to implement the ecological model, thevalidation of the model were assessed by comparing simulation to data to a vertical andhorizontal distribution of temperature, nutrients and phytoplankton biomass, obtained fromthe several surveys performed along …

Simulation Of The Flow In The Koiliaris River Basin (Greece) Using A Combination Of Gis, The Hspf Model And A Karstic– Snow Melt Model, Nektarios N. Kourgialas, George P. Karatzas, Nikolaos N. Nikolaidis

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The purpose of this study was to model the Koiliaris River flow where flood phenomena appear from time to time. The Koiliaris River basin is located east of the City of Chania, Crete, (Greece). The basin is extended from the White Mountains (Lefka Ori) to the coastline. The geology of the basin is mainly constituted by carbonate (Karstic area), quaternary-neogenic deposits and flysch formation. The main volume of water is discharged from the karstic system of the White Mountains (Lefka Ori) through springs and temporary rivers. In order to calculate the flow from the springs the Maillet Karstic model is …

Go East: A Residential Land Use Model For The Periphery Of Rome, G. L. Ciampaglia, B. Tirozzi

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In this paper we present a model of urban growth and its preliminary application to acase study of the phenomena of residential development in the setting of the eastern periphery ofRome, Italy’s capital city. The modeling approach we use synthesises the two typical paradigmswidespread in the community of quantitative urban planning: the traditional one, based on cellularautomata (CA), and the (relatively) new one, which is agent-based. In particular, our multi-agentsystem (MAS) is in-between a reactive MAS, with agents carrying out a two-staged decision processin a complex environment, and a model of statistical physics, since we use populations ofagents in order …

Understanding Riverine Wetland-Catchment Processes Using Remote Sensing Data And Modelling, Ann Van Griensven, Yunqing Xuan, D. Haguma, W. Niyonzima

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Many wetlands are dependent on river basin processes, and at the same time, scientists have recognised the important role of wetlands in the river basin: they are important zones for groundwater recharge, they temper high flows and are therefore very important to limit flooding. By purifying the water, wetlands also play a very important role for water quality. However, the underlying processes are often not very well known or are poorly quantified. This is especially true for many wetland rich basins in Africa that are poorly gauged or even ungauged. In this study we analyse to what extend remote sensing …

Integrated Methodology For The Management Of Uncertainty And Complexity In Climate Change Adaptation Policies: A Bayesian Decision Network Approach, M. Catenacci, Carlo Giupponi

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The main aim of the research presented herein is to define and implement an integrated methodological framework to identify and assess potential adaptation strategies to the impacts of sea level rise on coastal areas, and in particular on the Grado-Marano lagoon, in north-eastern Italy. The approach analyses the potential synergies of combining elements belonging to different research fields, with the aim of contributing to the management of the complexity and uncertainty characterizing climate change issues.

Integrated Solution Support System For Water Management, Ayalew Kassahun, M. Blind, A. Krause, Onno Roosenschoon

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Solving water management problems involves technical, social, economic, political and legal challenges and thus requires an integrated approach involving people from different backgrounds and roles. The integrated approach has been given a prominent role within the European Union’s Water Framework Directive (WFD). The WFD requires an integrated approach in water management to achieve good ecological status of all water bodies. It consists amongst others of the following main planning stages: describing objectives, assessing present state, identifying gaps between objectives and present state, developing management plan, implementing measures and evaluating their impacts. The directive prescribes broad participation and consultation to achieve …

Forest Biomass Sustainable Use For Energy Production: A Dynamic Optimization Problem, F. Frombo, R. Minciardi, M. Robba, F. Rosso, Roberto Sacile

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The use of forest biomass for energy production requires a careful attention to the sustainable silvicultural practices that can guarantee the satisfaction of the environmental constraints, the control of the forest growth, the carbon stock, and the CO2 emissions. This is a complex task because of the different environmental and economic issues (related to the characteristics of the territory, the energy demand, the forest biomass potential production, and the techniques for forest utilization) to be taken into account. Environmental Decision Support Systems (EDSS) are considered as valuable tools for the planning and management of renewable resources use for energy production. …

Particle Swarm Optimization For The Biomass Supply Chain Strategic Planning, Joaquín Izquierdo, R. Minciardi, Idel Montalvo, M. Robba, M. Tavera

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Particle Swarm Optimization is a very well established evolutionary optimization technique that has shown great potential for the solution of various optimization problems. In this paper, a real-life application, namely a biomass supply chain where optimal biomass flows from sources to energy production plants must be suitably defined, is tackled by using a variant of PSO recently introduced by the authors. In particular, the performance of the variant herein proposed is investigated by applying the model to the strategic planning of the biomass supply chain. The optimization problem is non-linear with binary and continuous decision variables and is based on …

Integration Of Sensor Networks And Decision Support Tools For Basin-Scale, Real-Time Water Quality Management, N. W. T. Quinn

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recent advances in sensor technologies and the steep decline in the cost of developing and operating sensor networks have led to an explosion of environmental applications. Real-time telemetry access to the environmental monitoring data produced by these sensor networks can now provided reliably and cheaply. However development of the institutional and administrative structures that turn this torrent of real-time data into information that informs decisions is more challenging - examples of successful sensor network projects that support decision-making at the basin-scale level are few. In this paper some of the challenges faced in making sensor networks an integral part of …

Towards Process Oriented Environmental Monitoring Systems For Intelligent Risk Management, Oliver Faust, Bernhard H. C. Sputh, Alastair R. Allen

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Water monitoring and associated risk management requires a large number of in-situmonitoring stations. These stations measure water quality parameters and relay the measurementsto a data centre. From a data processing point of view, such systems constitute distributed processingnetworks. In present water monitoring systems and in a wide range of other environmentalmonitoring systems the network aspect stops at the node or in-situ monitoring station (IMS) level.This paper extends the networking idea from the system level to the IMS design level. We modelan in-situ monitoring station as a network of communicating sequential processes. For this networkwe establish the fundamental system properties such …

Mormon Memories And The Tragedy At Mountain Meadows, Ronald W. Walker

BYU Studies

Studying the Mountain Meadows Massacre is difficult because of the conflicting collective memories held by the groups involved—Mormons, anti-Mormons, descendants of the perpetrators, and descendants of the victims, for example. Walker discusses the merits of pursuing such a difficult topic and the importance of remembering the tragic event. He argues that having knowledge of the truth, admitting fault, and remembering the event lead to a healthier psyche and help serve justice by memorializing the victims. Walker outlines the ways participants in the Mountain Meadows Massacre violated Mormon beliefs while at the same time asking readers to try to comprehend the …

Effect Of Iron Source On Color And Appearance Of Micronutrient-Fortified Corn Flour Tortillas, A. T. Richins, K. E. Burton, Heather F. Pahulu, Laura K. Jefferies, Michael L. Dunn

Faculty Publications

Iron deficiency anemia is a widespread occurrence. Consequently, iron is commonly added in cereal fortification programs. However, many iron sources cause undesirable sensory changes, especially color changes, in the food being fortified. This study evaluated the effect of different iron sources on CIE L*a*b* color values and sensory color perception in fortified corn tortillas. Corn masa flour was fortified with micronutrient premix containing vitamins, zinc, and one of eight iron compounds. Iron sources included ferrous fumarate (F), ferrous sulfate (S), ferric orthophosphate (OP), ferrous lactate (L), ferrous gluconate (G), ferric pyrophosphate (PP), sodium iron (III)-EDTA, and A-131 electrolytic iron (E), …

End Matter, Religious Educator

Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel

No abstract provided.

The David H. Morris Collection, Ronald W. Walker, Richard E. Turley Jr.

BYU Studies

David H. Morris (1858–1937) was a St. George, Utah, attorney and judge who had professional, geographical, and family ties to the massacre. He lived less than an hour’s automobile drive from the Meadows, and he and his family knew men who had a role in the killing.

Coming Of Age In Spite Of The Contrast Of Vagueness: Native Speaker And The House On Mango Street As Erziehungsroman, Melissa Lee Huff

Theses and Dissertations

Treating Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street and Chang-rae Lee's Native Speaker as Erziehungsroman—that is, stories whose coming-of-age process depends on the characters' education—reveals the similar process that both Esperanza Cordero and Henry Park experience as they navigate the 1960s and 1970s American school system. The most important obstacle in Esperanza's and Henry's ability to achieve academically is the contract of vagueness, the tacit agreement between federal education policy and English language learning (ELL) students to misunderstand one another. Differing cultural conceptions of education perpetuate this mutually detrimental relationship between education policy and ELL students, forcing Henry and Esperanza …

A Satisficing Approach To Aircraft Conflict Resolution, Wynn C. Stirling, James K. Archibald, Nicholas A. Jepsen, Richard L. Frost, Jared C. Hill

Faculty Publications

Future generations of air traffic management systems may give appropriately equipped aircraft the freedom to change flight paths in real time. This would require a conflict avoidance and resolution scheme that is both decentralized and cooperative. We describe a multiagent solution to aircraft conflict resolution based on satisficing game theory. A key feature of the theory is that satisficing decision makers form their preferences by taking into consideration the preferences of others, unlike conventional game theory that models agents that maximize self-interest metrics. This makes possible situational altruism, a sophisticated form of unselfish behavior in which the preferences of another …

Algorithm For Generating Derivative Structures, Gus L. W. Hart, Rodney W. Forcade

Faculty Publications

We present an algorithm for generating all derivative superstructures--for arbitrary parent structures and for any number of atom types. This algorithm enumerates superlattices and atomic configurations in a geometry-independent way. The key concept is to use the quotient group associated with each superlattice to determine all unique atomic configurations. The run time of the algorithm scales linearly with the number of unique structures found.

Geochemistry, Structure, And Tectonic Evolution Of The Eldivan Ophiolite, Ankara Melange, Central Turkey, Anne Dangerfield

Theses and Dissertations

The Eldivan ophiolite, in the Ankara Mélange, represents the remnant of an ocean basin that developed in the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Ocean and collapsed the form the İzmir -Ankara-Erzincan suture zone (İAESZ) through continental block collision. Whole-rock and mineral geochemical evidence show supra-subduction zone tectonomagmatic affinity for the ophiolite, revealing this basin formed in the upper plate of an intra-oceanic subduction zone. Detrital zircon from the ophiolitic mélange sandstone and the overlying Karadağ Formation suggest the ophiolites maximum age is 143.2 (±2) Ma, and the overlying Karadağ Formation is 105.2 (±5) Ma. The angular unconformity between the ophiolite and Karadağ formation reveal …

Sympathetic Observations: Widowhood, Spectatorship, And Sympathy In The Fiction Of Henry James, George Michael Gordon-Smith

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the roles of widowhood and sympathy in Henry James's short and long fiction. By the time James established himself as a writer of fiction, the culture of sentiment and its formation of sympathetic identification had become central to American and British writers. Critically, however, sympathy in James's fiction has been overlooked because he chose to write about rich expatriates and European nobility. James's pervasive use of widowed characters in his fiction suggests the he too participated in the same aesthetic agenda as William Dean Howells and George Eliot to evoke sympathy in their readers as a means …

Mormon Rhetoric And The Theory Of Organic Evolution, Kurt Wilford Laird

Theses and Dissertations

Most rhetorical studies of evolution/religion debates have addressed the media version of the debates that pits fundamentalist religion against science. Yet, most of the rhetorical studies in this area have not been nuanced enough to appreciate the complexity of the rhetoric resulting from this rich area of discourse. This study provides a rhetorical analysis of the evolution rhetoric in one particular religion, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and focuses on the discourse of two prominent leaders in the LDS Church, B.H. Roberts and Joseph Fielding Smith. In the LDS Church there is a clear distinction …

Hybridization Between A Rare And Introduced Oenothera Along The North Pacific Coast, Matthew L. Carlson, Robert J. Meinke

Western North American Naturalist

Interspecific hybridization has increasingly become regarded as a serious threat to the genetic integrity and persistence of rare plants. Oenothera glazioviana (Onagraceae) is a horticultural species that has escaped cultivation and now threatens the narrow Pacific coastal endemic O. wolfii with hybridization. Reports of morphologically intermediate and ecologically aggressive forms prompted this investigation into the extent of hybridization over the range of O. wolfii. In particular, this study identifies populations of pure and hybrid origins. We used multivariate methods to characterize the morphological variation of Oregon and northern California coastal Oenothera populations. Putatively pure O. wolfii and O. glazioviana …

Species Composition And Habitat Associations Of Benthic Algal Assemblages In Headwater Streams Of The Sierra Nevada, California, Larry R. Brown, Jason T. May, Carolyn T. Hunsaker

Western North American Naturalist

Despite their trophic importance and potential importance as bioindicators of stream condition, benthic algae have not been well studied in California. In particular there are few studies from small streams in the Sierra Nevada. The objective of this study was to determine the standing crop of chlorophyll-a and benthic algal species assemblages present in the small 1st- and 2nd-order streams of the Kings River Experimental Watersheds (KREW, watersheds of Bull, Providence, Duff, and Teakettle Creeks) and determine the associations of these measures with stream habitat. We collected samples of benthic algae from rock substrata in September 2002 (7 sites) …

Caudal Movements In Western Fence Lizards (Sceloporus Occidentalis) Prior To Attempted Prey Capture, C. Drew Foster, Patrick Martin

Western North American Naturalist

Many snakes employ tail movements to attract prey, but this behavior is rare in lizards. Use of caudal movements to distract prey, however, is rare in all squamates. Recently, caudal movements in a Sceloporus occidentalis individual immediately prior to attempted prey capture were documented. We supplement this sole documentation of caudal movements in S. occidentalis with additional field observations. Additionally, video footage of the behavior was recorded on 2 occasions. From these additional observations, we hypothesize that this behavior might serve to distract prey.

Response Of Antelope Bitterbrush Shrubsteppe To Variation In Livestock Grazing, P. G. Krannitz

Western North American Naturalist

Shrubsteppe ecosystems in the Intermountain West have suffered extreme alteration from a variety of factors. Using a retrospective approach, I studied the effects of horse and cattle grazing at the northern edge of the range in southern British Columbia, Canada, where the shrubsteppe is not as heavily altered and ungrazed sites remain in areas dominated by antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata). I measured shrub and understory cover at 10 sites that were either ungrazed, lightly grazed, or heavily grazed. Cover of antelope bitterbrush decreased with grazing, and cover of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) increased with grazing intensity. …

Cross-Language Perception Of German Vowels By Speakers Of American English, Lore Katharina Gerti Schultheiss

Theses and Dissertations

This study focuses on how the cross-language perception of German vowels by native speakers of North American English differs based on various levels of classroom instruction and experience in a German-speaking country. Of special interest is whether more advanced students and those with target country experience have a different cross-language perception of German vowels from naive or less-experienced listeners. It further examines how English-speaking learners perceive German sounds that are not found in English, namely the front-rounded vowels. Study participants were students at Brigham Young University, divided into four groups: those 1) without knowledge of German; 2) in their 3rd …

Material Flow Behavior In Friction Stir Welding, Brian C. Liechty

Theses and Dissertations

Material flow in friction stir welding is largely uncharacterized due to the difficulty in material flow measurement and visualization in metals. This study investigates plasticine for use as an analog for modeling material flow in friction stir welding (FSW) of metals. Qualitative comparisons between welded plasticine and metal sections exhibit many similarities. The transient temperature response of the plasticine also shows the same qualitative behavior as welds conducted in metal. To quantify its similarity to metal, the plasticine is further analyzed through compression tests to characterize its strain, strain-rate, and temperature sensitivities. A detailed analysis is presented which defines the …

Iris Von Roten: The 1950s - The Work - The Author, Elisabeth Joris

Swiss American Historical Society Review

PART ONE

ASPECTS OF AN IDENTITY

Postscript to Frauen im Laufgitter Bern: efef Verlag, 1996

The 1950s

Iris von Roten wrote her epochal work Frauen im Laufgitter (Women in the Playpen) in the 1950s. Growth of industry and increasing prosperity marked the times, and the Unites States had emerged victorious from the war. The American life style had gained model status also for the role assigned to women and mothers; the change, however, was only superficial. The new housewife was young, uncomplicated, spontaneous, and she knew how to handle daily chores with amazing ease. Refrigerators as well as …

Equal Rights - American Style, Margot Ammann Durrer

Swiss American Historical Society Review

PART TWO: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES

Awakenings and Murmurs of Protest

In the United States, the history of women's struggle for equal rights played out in many ways unique to this young developing country. The early settlers, both men and women, brought with them a burning desire for freedom to worship and govern as they chose. Existence in a new world was a dire struggle. Then came the conflict of loyalty to the King of England and the fight for Independence. Through all of this the women stood side by side with their husbands, wielding the plough and shotgun, sharing their work, …

End Matter

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.