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Genetics Of Hybridization Between The Pocket Gophers Thomomys Bottae And Thomomys Townsendii In Northeastern California, James L. Patton, Margaret F. Smith, Roger D. Price, Ronald A. Hellenthal Jul 1984

Genetics Of Hybridization Between The Pocket Gophers Thomomys Bottae And Thomomys Townsendii In Northeastern California, James L. Patton, Margaret F. Smith, Roger D. Price, Ronald A. Hellenthal

Great Basin Naturalist

Hybridization between the pocket gophers Thomomys bottae and T. townsendii at Gold Run Creek in Honey Lake Valley, Lassen County, California, is examined by electromorphic and morphologic characters and by the distribution of ectoparasitic mallophagan lice. Hybrid formation is minimal (about 12% of the total sample of 104 individuals examined), but both F1 hybrids and a few presumptive backcross individuals are apparent. Nevertheless, no evidence of genic introgression based on five diagnostic allozyme loci is present in parental populations of either taxon within a mile of the hybrid zone. Similarly, louse species unique to each parental gopher host do …

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Effects Of 2,4-D On A Populus Tremuloides Community In The Western United States—22 Years After Treatment, Dale L. Bartos, James E. Lester Jul 1984

Effects Of 2,4-D On A Populus Tremuloides Community In The Western United States—22 Years After Treatment, Dale L. Bartos, James E. Lester

Great Basin Naturalist

Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) stands were accidentally sprayed with 2,4-D in a sagebrush control program in western Wyoming in 1958. We visited the site during the summer of 1981 to evaluate the long-term effect on the aspen trees and the associated vegetation. Initially, some observers believed that the aspen had been "destroyed." Subsequent data indicate just the opposite—aspen stocking appeared to have been improved by the treatment. On two of the sampled clones, 22 years after spraying, there were approximately 17,000 more suckers/ha on the sprayed than on the unsprayed plots. These are adequate numbers to restock the …

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George Orwell: Socialist Or Liberal?. Big Brother And The Abuse Of Power., Noel B. Reynolds Jun 1984

George Orwell: Socialist Or Liberal?. Big Brother And The Abuse Of Power., Noel B. Reynolds

Faculty Publications

For although he was too strongly independent in his thinking to accept the Marxist or socialist dogmas of his associates, because they did not seem to square with experience, and though he admired the tough resistance of English character and legal institutions to tyranny, Orwell never did tumble to the understanding of man and government which had shaped each over the centuries. Failing to see the constants in human nature as the key to the political problem, he looked around the world both as he perceived it and his literary fellows portrayed it, and concluded that power lust was the …

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Confirmation And Expansion Of The Reported Distribution Of Two Species Of Idaho Herptiles, William F. Laurance, Timothy D. Reynolds Apr 1984

Confirmation And Expansion Of The Reported Distribution Of Two Species Of Idaho Herptiles, William F. Laurance, Timothy D. Reynolds

Great Basin Naturalist

The county by county distribution of the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) and night snake (Hypsiglena torquata) in Idaho from previous reports is presented. This is augmented and expanded from recent findings.

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Incidence Of The Leech Helobdella Stagnalis On The Colorado River In West Central Colorado, Mitra Malek, Gary Mccallister Apr 1984

Incidence Of The Leech Helobdella Stagnalis On The Colorado River In West Central Colorado, Mitra Malek, Gary Mccallister

Great Basin Naturalist

Fifty-seven fish of three genera were taken from the Colorado River in west central Colorado and examined for external parasites. No external parasites were found on Ictalurus. Seven percent of the Hybognathus and 100 percent of the Catastomus were infected with a Hirudinean of the species Helobdella stagnalis.

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Ecological Studies Of A Regulated Stream: Huntington River, Emery County, Utah, Robert N. Winget Apr 1984

Ecological Studies Of A Regulated Stream: Huntington River, Emery County, Utah, Robert N. Winget

Great Basin Naturalist

A 36.9 × 106 m3 reservoir constructed on Huntington River, Emery County, Utah, resulted in changes in physical habitat, water quality, temperature, and flow regime. The greatest changes in physical habitat resulted from: (1) sediment additions from dam and road construction plus erosion of reservoir basin during filling; and (2) changing stream flow from a spring high runoff regime to a moderated flow regime. Elimination of spring nutrient concentration peaks and overall reduction of total dissolved nutrient availability in the river plus moderate reductions in pH were the most apparent water quality changes below the reservoir. Water temperature …

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Distribution Of The Shoshone Scuplin (Cottus Greenei: Cottidae) In The Hagerman Valley Of South Central Idaho, Richard L. Wallace, J. S. Griffith Jr., D. M. Daley, Patrick J. Connolly, G. B. Beckham Apr 1984

Distribution Of The Shoshone Scuplin (Cottus Greenei: Cottidae) In The Hagerman Valley Of South Central Idaho, Richard L. Wallace, J. S. Griffith Jr., D. M. Daley, Patrick J. Connolly, G. B. Beckham

Great Basin Naturalist

Cottus greenei, a potentially threatened species endemic to Idaho, was collected from 49 localities in 25 springs/streams in south central Idaho. Most localities were along the north bank of the Snake River in waters of the Thousand Springs formation, Gooding County. One population was found in a spring in the main Snake River. Another sculpin, Cottus bairdi, was collected with C. greenei at 23 locations in 16 springs/streams. Confusion concerning the type locality of Cottus greenei is discussed.>

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End Matter, Vol. 44 No. 2 Apr 1984

End Matter, Vol. 44 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Front Matter, Vol. 44 No. 2 Apr 1984

Front Matter, Vol. 44 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Bionomics Of The Cone Spittlebug, Aphrophora Canadensis (Homoptera: Cercopidae) On Mugo Pine In Idaho, Frances M. Bales, Malcolm M. Furniss Apr 1984

Bionomics Of The Cone Spittlebug, Aphrophora Canadensis (Homoptera: Cercopidae) On Mugo Pine In Idaho, Frances M. Bales, Malcolm M. Furniss

Great Basin Naturalist

The spittlebug, Aphrophora canadensis Walley (Homoptera: Cercopidae), was discovered at Moscow, Idaho, in 1979 infesting Pinus mugo Turra, an exotic ornamental pine. Masses of spittle, densely populated with nymphs, have continued to be abundant since then. The nymphs congregated and fed mainly on cones and did not cause visible reddening of foliage that is typical of other pine-infesting spittlebugs. Immature stages and behavior are described for the first time and are compared to other nearctic pine-infesting species. Beginning in mid-August, eggs were laid under fascicle sheaths at the bases of needles, where they overwintered. Nymphs appeared in late April and …

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Habitat Relationships Of Glaux Maritima In Central Utah, Jack D. Brotherson, Sarah J. Barnes Apr 1984

Habitat Relationships Of Glaux Maritima In Central Utah, Jack D. Brotherson, Sarah J. Barnes

Great Basin Naturalist

Thirty-five study sites were established in the meadow communities surrounding Utah Lake in central Utah. The study sites ranged across several community types. Glaux maritima was found in all sites but varied as to its ecological importance in these communities. Sixteen soil factors were measured relative to the stands studied. Cover of Glaux maritima correlated with parts per million sodium and total soluble salts in the soil. No other factors correlated significantly with the cover of Glaux maritima. Glaux maritima occupied only those sites with high levels of moisture throughout the growing season. The high moisture levels came from springs, …

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Standing Crops And Dynamics Of Phytomass And Minerals In Two Salt Desert Shrub Communities, R. S. Bjerregaard, N. E. West, M. M. Caldwell, H. F. Mayland Apr 1984

Standing Crops And Dynamics Of Phytomass And Minerals In Two Salt Desert Shrub Communities, R. S. Bjerregaard, N. E. West, M. M. Caldwell, H. F. Mayland

Great Basin Naturalist

Of two salt desert shrub communities studied in Curlew Valley, Utah, the Atriplex confertifolia-dominated community had 15% greater total midsummer phytomass than the Ceratoides lanata community. The larger Atriplex shrubs contained much more woody tissue for support of photosynthetic tissues than did Ceratoides. Atriplex aboveground phytomass and litter were about twice those of Ceratoides. Ceratoides litter was generally fine and easily decomposable, but Atriplex litter contained about equal proportions of coarse, resistant woody tissues and fine, easily decomposable material. Atriplex root phytomass was 1.3 times that of Ceratoides at the 2–30 cm depth, but at depths below 30 cm, …

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In Memoriam: Seville Flowers (1900–1968), William H. Behle Apr 1984

In Memoriam: Seville Flowers (1900–1968), William H. Behle

Great Basin Naturalist

Seville Flowers was the foremost authority of his time on cryptogamic botany in the intermountain region, having published monographs on the mosses, lichens, and ferns of Utah. He also had strong interests in algae, grasses, composites, and the history of botany. In addition to his systematic research, his expertise extended to field ecology. Early in his career he made a classic study of the vegetation of the Great Salt Lake region that led in later years to his participation in the ecological studies at Dugway Proving Grounds in western Utah. Still later he had charge of the predam vegetative surveys …

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Field Establishment Of Fourwing Saltbush In Processed Oil Shale And Disturbed Native Soil As Influenced By Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae, C. A. Call, C. M. Mckell Apr 1984

Field Establishment Of Fourwing Saltbush In Processed Oil Shale And Disturbed Native Soil As Influenced By Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae, C. A. Call, C. M. Mckell

Great Basin Naturalist

Seedlings of fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.) were inoculated with indigenous vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in a containerized system and transplanted into processed oil shale and disturbed native soil in a semiarid rangeland environment in northwestern Colorado. After two growing seasons in the field, plants inoculated with VAM had greater aboveground biomass, cover, and height than noninoculated plants. Mycorrhizal plants were more effective in the uptake of water and phosphorus. Infection levels of inoculated plants were greatly reduced in processed shale (from 13.0 at outplanting to 3.8 at harvest), but functional VAM associations could be found after two …

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The Samoan Sound System: Unsolved Problems For Theoretical Linguistics, Warren Kim Claussen Feb 1984

The Samoan Sound System: Unsolved Problems For Theoretical Linguistics, Warren Kim Claussen

Deseret Language and Linguistic Society Symposium

No abstract provided.

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Incorporation Of Scientific And Technological Terminology In The Arab World And Israel: A Comparative Study, Sadok H. Masliyah Feb 1984

Incorporation Of Scientific And Technological Terminology In The Arab World And Israel: A Comparative Study, Sadok H. Masliyah

Deseret Language and Linguistic Society Symposium

No abstract provided.

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Distribution Of Shore Bugs And Shore Flies At Sylvan Springs, Yellowstone National Park, Vincent H. Resh, Mark A. Barnby Jan 1984

Distribution Of Shore Bugs And Shore Flies At Sylvan Springs, Yellowstone National Park, Vincent H. Resh, Mark A. Barnby

Great Basin Naturalist

Three species of shore bugs (Hemiptera: Saldidae) and 10 species of brine flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) were collected at Sylvan Springs (Wyoming section of Yellowstone National Park, USA), an area containing both acid and alkaline thermal springs. The fauna consists of both widespread (e.g., shore bugs Saldula comatula Parshley and Saldula explanata [Uhler] and shore flies Atissa litoralis [Cole] and Scatella stagnalis [Fallén]) and Yellowstone Park–endemic species (e.g., Saldula nr. arenicola and the shore fly Ephydra thermophila Cresson). The ratio of adults to nymphs of the numerically dominant shore bug Saldula nr. arenicola is higher along heated margins (11–12:1) than along …

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Summer Food Habits Of A Small Mammal Community In The Pinyon-Juniper Ecosystem, Jonathan B. Haufler, Julius G. Nagy Jan 1984

Summer Food Habits Of A Small Mammal Community In The Pinyon-Juniper Ecosystem, Jonathan B. Haufler, Julius G. Nagy

Great Basin Naturalist

Summer food habits of a small mammal community in the Piceance Basin of Colorado were investigated during 1977 and 1978 using a combination of fecal and stomach content analyses. Three species, deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), least chipmunks (Eutamias minimus), and plains pocket mice (Perognathus flavescens) consumed arthropods as the majority of their diets. Bushy-tailed woodrats (Neotoma cinerea) consumed predominantly woody vegetation, and the diet of golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis) consisted primarily of forbs and fungi. Mountain cottontails (Sylvilagus nuttalli) depended heavily on grasses, with a mix of …

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Body Fat, Body Water, And Total Caloric Value Of Uinta Ground Squirrels, James A. Gessaman Jan 1984

Body Fat, Body Water, And Total Caloric Value Of Uinta Ground Squirrels, James A. Gessaman

Great Basin Naturalist

The weight of body water and fat-free dry weight of Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus) is given as a function of body weight. Body fat is presented as a function of body weight and body length. An equation for calculating the total caloric content of Uinta ground squirrels is given. Fat index (weight of fat/fat-free dry weight) values of juveniles increased from 0.11 to 0.22 from 5 June to 28 July. In male yearlings and adults the fat index increased about 8 to 9 times in the latter half of June and early July.

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End Matter, Vol. 44 No. 1 Jan 1984

End Matter, Vol. 44 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Autumn And Winter Food Habits Of Bobcats In Washington State, Steven T. Knick, Steven J. Sweeney, J. Richard Alldredge, J. David Brittell Jan 1984

Autumn And Winter Food Habits Of Bobcats In Washington State, Steven T. Knick, Steven J. Sweeney, J. Richard Alldredge, J. David Brittell

Great Basin Naturalist

The stomach contents were examined from 324 western Washington bobcats (Felis rufus) and 123 from eastern Washington taken by hunters from 1976 through 1980, for major prey items as well as sex- and age-related differences in diet. Western Washington bobcats ate primarily mountain beavers (Aplodontia rufa) (42% occurrence) and snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) (26%). Within that population females ate larger quantities of smaller prey such as Douglas squirrels (Tamiasciurus douglasi) and lesser amounts of deer (Odocoileus sp.) than males. Bobcat diets in eastern Washington were more diverse; main foods consisted of …

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Orientation And Slope Preference In Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus Acanthodes) At Its Northern Distribution Limit, James Ehleringer, Donna House Jan 1984

Orientation And Slope Preference In Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus Acanthodes) At Its Northern Distribution Limit, James Ehleringer, Donna House

Great Basin Naturalist

Microsite distribution and diurnal tissue temperature fluctuations were measured in Ferocactus acanthodes (barrel cactus) at its northern distribution limit in the Beaver Dam Mountains of southwestern Utah. At this location, barrel cacti were limited to south-facing slopes. Orientation (azimuth and angle) of both the cactus stem and of the apical region at the top of the cactus were nonrandom, strongly facing south. The potential adaptive significance of this orientation in minimizing apical meristematic tissue damage under low wintertime conditions and minimizing high temperature damage under summertime conditions is discussed.

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A Survey And Assessment Of The Rare Vascular Plants Of The Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Site, Anita F. Cholewa, Douglass M. Henderson Jan 1984

A Survey And Assessment Of The Rare Vascular Plants Of The Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Site, Anita F. Cholewa, Douglass M. Henderson

Great Basin Naturalist

A two-year study of the rare vascular plants of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory generated new data on the abundance, distribution, and habitat features of eight taxa presently under review at either the federal or state level, or recently proposed for such review. Astragalus ceramicus Sheld. var. apus Barneby is common on the INEL and adjacent areas and will be recommended for removal from further consideration at the federal level and placed on Idaho's Federal Watch List. Coryphanta missouriensis (Sweet) Britt. & Rose is common throughout east central Idaho, but will be recommended for retainment on the State Watch List. …

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Methods And Materials For Capturing And Monitoring Flammulated Owls, Richard T. Reynolds, Brian D. Linkhart Jan 1984

Methods And Materials For Capturing And Monitoring Flammulated Owls, Richard T. Reynolds, Brian D. Linkhart

Great Basin Naturalist

Techniques for locating, capturing, and monitoring activities and movements of Flammulated Owls were developed during four years of study. Adults responded to imitated territorial song throughout the nesting season. Nests were found by noting vocalizations and behaviors associated with courtship-feeding and food transfers between the sexes. After fledging, broods were difficult to follow, unless the young or adults were radio-tagged. Adults and young were captured with noose poles, hoop nets, and mist nets. Backpack harnesses and tail-mounted transmitters were used on adults and backpacks on fledglings. Transmitter life was 30–40 nights.

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Centric Diatoms Of Lake Tahoe, Albert D. Mahood, Robert D. Thomson, Charles R. Goldman Jan 1984

Centric Diatoms Of Lake Tahoe, Albert D. Mahood, Robert D. Thomson, Charles R. Goldman

Great Basin Naturalist

An understanding of the mechanisms of phytoplankton species interaction is dependent on a precise knowledge of what species exist within the community. The centric diatoms of Lake Tahoe, California–Nevada, which are often the dominant component of the phytoplankton community, are presented in both light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs. Specific attention has been given to initial cell forms of Cyclotella stelligera Cleve and Grunow and C. comta (Ehrenberg) Kützing through the aid of the SEM.

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Multiple Ectopic Limbs In A Wild Population Of Hyla Regilla, Timothy D. Reynolds, Trent D. Stephens Jan 1984

Multiple Ectopic Limbs In A Wild Population Of Hyla Regilla, Timothy D. Reynolds, Trent D. Stephens

Great Basin Naturalist

A wild population of Pacific tree frogs (Hyla regilla) in Idaho exhibited a high incidence (22%) of hind limb abnormalities. This situation is discussed with reference to similar occurrences reported for isolated populations of the species in the Pacific Northwest.

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Warm Water Aquaculture Using Waste Heat And Water From Zero Discharge Power Plants In The Great Basin, Richard A. Heckmann, Robert N. Winget, Rex C. Infanger, Roger W. Mickelsen, John M. Hendersen Jan 1984

Warm Water Aquaculture Using Waste Heat And Water From Zero Discharge Power Plants In The Great Basin, Richard A. Heckmann, Robert N. Winget, Rex C. Infanger, Roger W. Mickelsen, John M. Hendersen

Great Basin Naturalist

Two series of experiments were completed to determine (a) toxicity of waste water from power plants on warm water fish and (b) multiple use of waste heat and water for aquatic animal and plant production. All three types of waste water from a typical coal-fired power plant are acceptable for growing catfish and tilapia following aeration. This growth was compared with fish raised in spring water. Closed, recirculating polyculture systems using evaporation pond water operated efficiently for plant (duckweed) and animal (fish and freshwater prawns) production. Duckweed is an excellent supplement for fish feed. Tilapia and freshwater prawns grew rapidly …

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Host Tissue Response For Trout Infected With Diphyllobothrium Cordiceps Larvae, Terry N. Otto, Richard A. Heckmann Jan 1984

Host Tissue Response For Trout Infected With Diphyllobothrium Cordiceps Larvae, Terry N. Otto, Richard A. Heckmann

Great Basin Naturalist

Diphyllobothrium cordiceps (Leidy 1871) plerocercoids are present as enzootic parasites in the viscera and skeletal muscle of cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Eight cutthroat trout from the Yellowstone River were examined by histological technique and scanning electron microscopy to determine the response of host tissue to the presence of diphyllobothriid larvae. All fish sampled contained encysted plerocercoids on the serosa of the pyloric caeca and intestine. In addition to infection of the exterior of the alimentary tract, muscle tissue was infected in two of the fish sampled, whereas one fish had infection of the …

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Size And Seasonal Activity Patterns Of Abundant Sympatric Spider Species In Cache County, Utah, James V. Robinson Jan 1984

Size And Seasonal Activity Patterns Of Abundant Sympatric Spider Species In Cache County, Utah, James V. Robinson

Great Basin Naturalist

Of the eight most frequently collected spiders at a northern Utah study site, each of two species employed one of the following hunting strategies: pursuing, web building, jumping, and ambushing. Within each pair, size differences between species were substantial for all but the ambushers. The ambushers had different seasonal activity patterns, as did the web builders.

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Diatoms In Recent Bottom Sediments And Trophic Status Of Eight Lakes And Reservoirs In Northeastern Utah, Judith A. Grimes, Samuel R. Rushforth, Jack D. Brotherson, William E. Evenson Jan 1984

Diatoms In Recent Bottom Sediments And Trophic Status Of Eight Lakes And Reservoirs In Northeastern Utah, Judith A. Grimes, Samuel R. Rushforth, Jack D. Brotherson, William E. Evenson

Great Basin Naturalist

Recent bottom sediments of eight lakes and reservoirs in northeastern Utah were examined. One hundred and sixty-four diatom taxa were identified and their relative abundances determined. Seven stand associations were evident by cluster analysis of similarity indices. These association patterns mirrored trophic status of the waters. Shannon–Wiener species diversity values were also determined. The diversities fell in patterns that were similar to the stand associations determined by cluster analysis. The most prevalent diatom taxa encountered in this study were found mostly in eutrophic waters. These taxa included Stephanodiscus astraea, Stephanodiscus astraea var. minutula, Asterionella formosa, and Fragilaria crotonensis. A wide …

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