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Aquatic Parameters And Life History Observations Of The Great Basin Spadefoot Toad In Utah, Peter Hovingh, Bob Benton, Dave Bornholdt Jan 1985

Aquatic Parameters And Life History Observations Of The Great Basin Spadefoot Toad In Utah, Peter Hovingh, Bob Benton, Dave Bornholdt

Great Basin Naturalist

The distribution and breeding habitats of the Great Basin spadefoot toad (Scaphiopus intermontanus) were investigated in the Bonneville Basin of western Utah. The permanent springs and man-made reservoirs used for breeding were largely found below the 1600 m elevation. The pH's ranged between 7.2 and 10.4 and the total dissolved solids between 170 and 4800 mg/l. The springs were less alkaline than the rain-filled reservoirs. The lack of aquatic vegetation was a common feature of the reservoirs and most of the springs. Observations of breeding without rain are noted as well as the lack of breeding with rain. …


Tundra Vegetation Of Three Cirque Basins In The Northern San Juan Mountains, Colorado, Mary Lou Rottman, Emily L. Hartman Jan 1985

Tundra Vegetation Of Three Cirque Basins In The Northern San Juan Mountains, Colorado, Mary Lou Rottman, Emily L. Hartman

Great Basin Naturalist

The vegetation of three alpine cirque basins in the northern San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado was inventoried and analyzed for the degree of specificity shown by vascular plant communities for certain types of habitats identified as representative of the basins. A total of 197 vascular plant species representing 31 families was inventoried. Growth forms of all species were noted and a growth form spectrum for all of the communities was derived. The caespitose monocot and erect dicot growth forms are the most important growth forms among the community dominants. The most common growth form among all species is the …


A New Combination And A New Variety In Artemisia Tridentata, Sherel Goodrich, E. Durant Mcarthur, Alma H. Winward Jan 1985

A New Combination And A New Variety In Artemisia Tridentata, Sherel Goodrich, E. Durant Mcarthur, Alma H. Winward

Great Basin Naturalist

The combination Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. spiciformis (Osterhout) Goodrich & McArthur comb. nov. is made. This high elevation taxon was originally described at the species level and more recently has generally been treated as a form of A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana. The subspecies designation is supported by its parallel nature to the other A. tridentata subspecies and by its relatively widespread and locally abundant populations. Also, a new variety of A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana is proposed.


Ecological Investigation Of A Suspected Spawning Site Of Colorado Squawfish On The Yampa River, Utah, Vincent A. Lamarra, Marianne C. Lamarra, John G. Carter Jan 1985

Ecological Investigation Of A Suspected Spawning Site Of Colorado Squawfish On The Yampa River, Utah, Vincent A. Lamarra, Marianne C. Lamarra, John G. Carter

Great Basin Naturalist

On 5 July 1981, 13 adult Colorado squawfish were found in spawning condition at river mile 16.5 in the Yampa River, a major tributary to the Green River. An investigation was undertaken to quantitatively describe this section of the river to gain insights on the spawning requirements of this endangered species. The substrate at the suspected spawning site was cobble with large interstitial spaces devoid of organics, silts, or clays. It appeared that larvae of several fish species utilized these cobble areas and the associated voids. Diurnal sampling indicated that larval drift occurred between 0100 and 0125 hours. Substrate size …


Unusual Social Feeding And Soaring By The Common Raven (Corvus Corax), Clayton M. White, Merle Tanner-White Jan 1985

Unusual Social Feeding And Soaring By The Common Raven (Corvus Corax), Clayton M. White, Merle Tanner-White

Great Basin Naturalist

A flock of some 1000 ravens, not associated with night roosts, was seen during the breeding season. Some were feeding on the ground while others soared in the air above them. It is suggested that the large soaring flock acted as information transfers for feeding conditions.


End Matter, Vol. 45 No. 1 Jan 1985

End Matter, Vol. 45 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


Use Of Biomass Predicted By Regression From Cover Estimates To Compare Vegetational Similarity Of Sagebrush-Grass Sites, L. David Humphrey Jan 1985

Use Of Biomass Predicted By Regression From Cover Estimates To Compare Vegetational Similarity Of Sagebrush-Grass Sites, L. David Humphrey

Great Basin Naturalist

Regressions between vegetational cover, estimated with a two-tiered, gridded sampling frame, and biomass were used to obtain predicted biomass values from cover values. Comparisons of eight sites based on predicted biomass data and comparisons of the sites based on cover data indicate that predicted biomass data may better identify differences among sites. Also, some suggestions are made regarding the methods of using cover-biomass regressions to obtain predicted biomass values.


Understory Response To Tree Harvesting Of Singleleaf Pinyon And Utah Juniper, Richard L. Everett, Steven H. Sharrow Jan 1985

Understory Response To Tree Harvesting Of Singleleaf Pinyon And Utah Juniper, Richard L. Everett, Steven H. Sharrow

Great Basin Naturalist

Fifteen widely separated sites within the pinyon-juniper woodlands of the Great Basin were cleared of trees. Understory response was recorded for 2 to 4 years. The array of postharvest plant assemblages were classified into one of four phytosociological groups using discriminant analysis. Pre- and postharvest plant assemblages from the same site appeared in the same phytosociological group, which indicates postharvest response could be predicted from the preharvest plant assemblage. Initial postharvest response appears cyclic in nature, and cycles are controlled by both residual plants and the rapid immigration of shrub species. Perennial plant density generally declined following tree harvest, but …


Nature On Trial: The Case Of The Rooster That Laid An Egg, E. V. Walter Jan 1985

Nature On Trial: The Case Of The Rooster That Laid An Egg, E. V. Walter

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.


Violence And The Gospel: The Teachings Of The Old Testament, The New Testament, And The Book Of Mormon, Edwin Brown Firmage Jan 1985

Violence And The Gospel: The Teachings Of The Old Testament, The New Testament, And The Book Of Mormon, Edwin Brown Firmage

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.


What Time Is It?, Emma Lou Thayne Jan 1985

What Time Is It?, Emma Lou Thayne

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.


Biological Effects Of Nuclear War, James L. Farmer Jan 1985

Biological Effects Of Nuclear War, James L. Farmer

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.


Little Giant Industries, Max Downing, Lisa Reese, Greg Rummler, Michael Ryan Jan 1985

Little Giant Industries, Max Downing, Lisa Reese, Greg Rummler, Michael Ryan

Student Works

This report is a compilation of the survey conducted by the B.Y.U. marketing research team of Zastowney and Associates, as outlined in the proposal approved on May 15, 1985. The purpose of this research study was to: 1. Determine students' perceptions of the Little Giant aluminum briefcase with other existing products in the marketplace; 2. Determine the student groups that would be most likely to purchase the briefcase; 3. Determine the retailing price which students would be the most willing to pay; 4. Determine what accessories students would most prefer for the briefcase. Zastowney & Associates comprised of Max Downing, …


The Role Of Brigham Young University In The Arab Development Society Dairy Project For Palestinian Orphans: A Case Study In Private Bilateral Foreign Aid, Daneil C. Olson Jan 1985

The Role Of Brigham Young University In The Arab Development Society Dairy Project For Palestinian Orphans: A Case Study In Private Bilateral Foreign Aid, Daneil C. Olson

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine nine essential planning principles in the selecting and implementing an aid project. These nine principles will then be used to analyze BYU's involvement with the ADS dairy project. The project is presented from a historical viewpoint. An analysis is mainly given retrospectively at the end of the history of the BYU involvement phase of the project.


The Property Rights Paradigm And The Protection Of Oak In California, B. Delworth Gardner Jan 1985

The Property Rights Paradigm And The Protection Of Oak In California, B. Delworth Gardner

Faculty Publications

Once again our country is caught on the horns of a serious dilemma. Natural resources, such as land and water, are becoming increasingly scarce and therefore valuable. Concomitantly, and perhaps more importantly, these resources are recognized as having attributes or characteristics in the form of amenities that are coveted by non owners of these resources. A cheap and effective way of acquiring these amenities is to assert that the legal owners of the resources do not have the right to exclude those who want the amenities from consuming them. Or, almost equivalently, the resources must be used in certain ways …


Introductory Pages, Byu Studies Jan 1985

Introductory Pages, Byu Studies

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.


Vol. 3, Pi Sigma Alpha Review, Pi Sigma Alpha Review Jan 1985

Vol. 3, Pi Sigma Alpha Review, Pi Sigma Alpha Review

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.


Nuclear Perplexity, Mark Field Jan 1985

Nuclear Perplexity, Mark Field

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.


Habitat And Distribution Of Pygmy Rabbits (Sylvilagus Idahoensis) In Oregon, Nondor T. Weiss, B. J. Verts Oct 1984

Habitat And Distribution Of Pygmy Rabbits (Sylvilagus Idahoensis) In Oregon, Nondor T. Weiss, B. J. Verts

Great Basin Naturalist

An investigation to determine the location and extent of populations of pygmy rabbits (Sylvilagus idahoensis) in Oregon, and to describe several biotic and physical components within communities that include pygmy rabbits, was conducted from October 1981 to September 1983. Of 211 sites suspected of supporting the species based on interpretation of museum records, aerial photographs, soil maps, and interviews with biologists and area residents, 51 exhibited evidence of being inhabited when examined in summer 1982. Soil and vegetation components were sampled at 15 sites occupied by pygmy rabbits and 21 sites adjacent thereto. At inhabited sites, mean soil …


Producer-Consumer Biomass In Montane Forests On The Arizona Mogollon Plateau, Warren P. Clary, Peter F. Ffolliott, Frederic R. Larson Oct 1984

Producer-Consumer Biomass In Montane Forests On The Arizona Mogollon Plateau, Warren P. Clary, Peter F. Ffolliott, Frederic R. Larson

Great Basin Naturalist

A substantially complete compilation of producer-consumer biomass was achieved for two montane forest reference stands on the Arizona Mogollon Plateau. This compilation, containing published and previously unpublished data, shows these ponderosa-pine-dominated stands to be near the lower end of the biomass range of commercial forest types. The two stands averaged approximately 75 metric tons/ha of plant biomass. Consumers made up less than 0.01 percent of the forest biomass. About 9/10 of the measured consumer biomass consisted of domestic and native ruminants.


End Matter, Vol. 44 No. 4 Oct 1984

End Matter, Vol. 44 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


Additions To A Bibliography Of Colorado Vegetation Description, William L. Baker Oct 1984

Additions To A Bibliography Of Colorado Vegetation Description, William L. Baker

Great Basin Naturalist

A list of 80 references to Colorado vegetation description is presented, along with county and subject indexes to the list. This list expands an earlier list (663) to include literature through 1983.


Plant Nutrient Levels On Two Summer Ranges In The River Of No Return Wilderness Area, Idaho, Charles L. Elliott, Jerran T. Flinders Oct 1984

Plant Nutrient Levels On Two Summer Ranges In The River Of No Return Wilderness Area, Idaho, Charles L. Elliott, Jerran T. Flinders

Great Basin Naturalist

Monthly percent nutrient and moisture levels of plant species on two summer ranges in the River of No Return Wilderness Area of Idaho were determined. Festuca idahoensis exhibited the highest average crude protein content of graminoids on both study areas. Achillea millefolium and Balsamorhiza saggittata at Rush Point and Trifolium spp. and Achillea millefolium at Cold Meadows possessed the highest mean crude protein content of the forbs examined. Grasses exhibited greater average seasonal levels of crude fiber, and forbs generally contained significantly larger levels of Ca, P, and moisture.


A Preliminary Classification Of The Natural Vegetation Of Colorado, William L. Baker Oct 1984

A Preliminary Classification Of The Natural Vegetation Of Colorado, William L. Baker

Great Basin Naturalist

A classification of the natural vegetation of Colorado is presented. This classification, which uses the Plant Association as the basic unit, was developed by sorting data in the scientific literature, supplemented by field research. The classification uses a standardized nomenclature. Citations are given for the literature from Colorado and adjoining states for each Association. The classification includes a total of 403 Plant Associations, with 28 Angiosperm Forests/Woodlands, 2 Mixed Angiosperm–Gymnosperm Forests/Woodlands, 114 Gymnosperm Forests/Woodlands, 100 Shrub Associations, 74 Grassland Associations, 38 Graminoid Associations, and 47 Herb Associations.


Hip Glands In A Natural Population Of Montane Voles (Microtus Montanus), Craig R. Groves, Barry L. Keller Jul 1984

Hip Glands In A Natural Population Of Montane Voles (Microtus Montanus), Craig R. Groves, Barry L. Keller

Great Basin Naturalist

We recorded the occurrence of hip glands in a population of montane voles (Microtus montanus) in southeastern Idaho. Sexual maturity was positively associated with the presence of hip glands in both males and females. Significantly more males than females possessed hip glands. Males and females with hip glands were significantly heavier than individuals without glands. The possible function of hip glands in scent marking, aggression, and population fluctuations is discussed.


Multiple Use Systems For Aquaculture, J. M. Henderson, R. A. Heckmann, R. N. Winget Jul 1984

Multiple Use Systems For Aquaculture, J. M. Henderson, R. A. Heckmann, R. N. Winget

Great Basin Naturalist

Two recirculating aquaculture systems were constructed using a sequence of five tanks each. Each system contained two plant species, duckweed (Lemna minor) and Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis); two fish species, channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and tilapia (Tilapia aurea); and a freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Duckweed production during the 132-day experiment reached as high as 87.2 tons/hectare/year (t/ha/yr). Water chestnut production was not successful in the restricted light situation of the lab, but in an outdoor test planting, corn production was 37.2 t/ha/yr. Four feeding trials were attempted using the …


Littoral Heterogeneity And Diel Behavior Of White Bass (Morone Chrysops) And Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) In Utah Lake, Utah, Michael G. Devine, Dennis K. Shiozawa Jul 1984

Littoral Heterogeneity And Diel Behavior Of White Bass (Morone Chrysops) And Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) In Utah Lake, Utah, Michael G. Devine, Dennis K. Shiozawa

Great Basin Naturalist

Diel activity and association patterns of white bass (Morone chrysops) and carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Utah Lake, Utah, were studied over four 24-hr periods during August 1980. Fish were concurrently sampled from two adjacent littoral habitats. Significant differences existed in diel activity patterns in two of three size classes of white bass and in diel association patterns of white bass and carp between the two habitat areas. Differences in habitat structure, and in biological activity between the habitat types, are implicated as the primary determinants of overall diel activity of fish in these littoral areas.


Front Matter, Vol. 44 No. 3 Jul 1984

Front Matter, Vol. 44 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


Nymphs Of North American Perlodinae Genera (Plecoptera: Perlodidae), Kenneth W. Stewart, Bill P. Stark Jul 1984

Nymphs Of North American Perlodinae Genera (Plecoptera: Perlodidae), Kenneth W. Stewart, Bill P. Stark

Great Basin Naturalist

Nymphs of the type or other representative species of the 22 North American Perlodinae genera are comparatively described and illustrated for the first time. The first complete generic key for the subfamily incorporates recent nymph discoveries and revisions in classification. References to all previous nymph descriptions and illustrations and major life cycle and food habits studies are given for the 53 North American species in the subfamily, and a listing of species and their current distributions by states and provinces is provided for each genus. The previously unknown nymph of Chernokrilus misnomus is described and illustrated.


Chrysothamnus Nauseosus Ssp. Uintahensis: A Stabilized Hybrid, Loran C. Anderson Jul 1984

Chrysothamnus Nauseosus Ssp. Uintahensis: A Stabilized Hybrid, Loran C. Anderson

Great Basin Naturalist

Chrysothamnus nauseosus ssp. uintahensis (Asteraceae) is formally described and illustrated. The new subspecies represents stabilized hybrids that most probably have C. nauseosus ssp. hololeucus × C. parryi ssp. attenuatus ancestry. Morphological and anatomical comparisons are made among the putatively related taxa.