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Articles 6871 - 6900 of 10986
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Timing Of Supplementation Of Selenium And Isoflavones Determines Prostate Cancer Risk Factor Reduction In Rats, Merrill J. Christensen, Jessica R. Tolman, Edwin D. Lephart, Dennis L. Eggett, Kenneth Setchell
Timing Of Supplementation Of Selenium And Isoflavones Determines Prostate Cancer Risk Factor Reduction In Rats, Merrill J. Christensen, Jessica R. Tolman, Edwin D. Lephart, Dennis L. Eggett, Kenneth Setchell
Faculty Publications
High dietary intake of selenium or isoflavones reduces risk factors for prostate cancer. We tested whether combined supplementation of these two dietary components would reduce prostate cancer risk factors in rats more than supplementation of each component individually. Methods Male Noble rat pups were exposed from conception to diets containing an adequate (0.33-0.45 mg/kg diet) or high (3.33-3.45 mg/kg) concentration of selenium as Se-methylselenocysteine and a low (10 mg/kg) or high (600 mg/kg) level of isoflavones in a 2 x 2 factorial design. Pups consumed their respective diets until sacrifice at 35, 100, or 200 days. Male Noble rat breeders, …
Rethinking The Historical Lens: A Case For Relational Identity In Sandra Cisneros's The House On Mango Street, Annalisa Wiggins
Rethinking The Historical Lens: A Case For Relational Identity In Sandra Cisneros's The House On Mango Street, Annalisa Wiggins
Theses and Dissertations
My thesis proposes a theory of relational identity development in Chicana literature. Gloria Anzaldua's Borderlands/La Frontera offers an interpretation of Chicana identity that is largely based on historical models and mythology, which many scholars have found useful in interpreting Chicana literature. However, I contend that another text, Sandra Cisneros's The House on Mango Street, not only illustrates the need for an alternative paradigm for considering identity development, but in fact offers such an alternative. I argue that Cisneros shows a model for relational identity development, wherein the individual develops in the context of her community and is not determined solely …
Photocycloaddition Of Allenes, Crystal Ward
Photocycloaddition Of Allenes, Crystal Ward
Theses and Dissertations
For the past ten years the Fleming research group has been involved in the research of allene compounds. We have explored the synthesis of allenes as well as several reactions involving allenes, such as oxidation and nitrene addition. Recently, we have explored the synthesis and photochemistry of allenic alcohols tethered to silicon. There are literature examples using allenes in synthesis, but very few examples exist using allenes in photochemical cycloaddition reactions. We have found that a diisopropylallenyloxy(cinnamyloxy)silane derivative undergoes [2+2] photochemical cycloaddition to produce a cyclobutylsilane product when irradiated for 60-75 minutes.
Physical Mapping Of Ribosomal Genes In New World Members Of The Genus Chenopodium Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization, Maria C. Sederberg
Physical Mapping Of Ribosomal Genes In New World Members Of The Genus Chenopodium Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization, Maria C. Sederberg
Theses and Dissertations
The genus Chenopodium contains many economically important species in the New World, but is relatively understudied and poorly understood, especially in terms of evolutionary relationships. A better understanding of the structure of this genus could significantly help in breeding efforts on its cultivated members, notably the tetraploid C. quinoa and also certain varieties of C. berlandieri, also tetraploid. Of special concern is determining which diploid weed species are the most likely ancestors for C. quinoa, C. berlandieri, and the other tetraploid members of subsection Cellulata. The phylogeny can be understood in part by examining the ribosomal RNA loci and observing …
Calculating Expected Dna Remnants From Ancient Founding Events In Human Population Genetics, Nathan C. Sheffield, Keith A. Crandall, Andrew Stacey
Calculating Expected Dna Remnants From Ancient Founding Events In Human Population Genetics, Nathan C. Sheffield, Keith A. Crandall, Andrew Stacey
Faculty Publications
Background- Recent advancements in sequencing and computational technologies have led to rapid generation and analysis of high quality genetic data. Such genetic data have achieved wide acceptance in studies of historic human population origins and admixture. However, in studies relating to small, recent admixture events, genetic factors such as historic population sizes, genetic drift, and mutation can have pronounced effects on data reliability and utility. To address these issues we conducted genetic simulations targeting influential genetic parameters in admixed populations. Results- We performed a series of simulations, adjusting variable values to assess the affect of these genetic parameters on current …
The Subfamily Donaciinae In Utah (Insecta: Coleptera: Chrysomelidae), Shawn M. Clark, Andrew B. Olsen, Mark H. Goodman
The Subfamily Donaciinae In Utah (Insecta: Coleptera: Chrysomelidae), Shawn M. Clark, Andrew B. Olsen, Mark H. Goodman
Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist
Information is presented dealing with the western North American species of the subfamily Donaciinae, with emphasis on data from the state of Utah. Dichotomous keys and short diagnoses are provided to enable identification of genera and species. Previously published records from Utah are summarized. For each species, the overall North American distribution is summarized, and detailed records are given for Utah. Reported host plants for each species are also listed.
Front Matter, Vol. 4
Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Mammals Of Great Basin National Park, Nevada: Comparative Field Surveys And Assessment Of Faunal Change, Eric A. Rickart, Shannen L. Robson, Lawrence R. Heaney
Mammals Of Great Basin National Park, Nevada: Comparative Field Surveys And Assessment Of Faunal Change, Eric A. Rickart, Shannen L. Robson, Lawrence R. Heaney
Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist
Great Basin National Park in east central Nevada encompasses most of the southern Snake Range including Wheeler Peak, which at 3980 m is the highest peak in the interior Great Basin. The original detailed surveys of the mammals of this region were made between 1929 and 1939 by field crews from the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. Between 2000 and 2003, we conducted additional field surveys of mammals in the park region in conjunction with the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program. Here, we provide a comprehensive report on the mammal fauna of the park and …
End Matter, Vol. 4
Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Conversions/Subversions: Sufi Subtexts Of Bangladeshi Indentity, Trina R. Mamoon
Conversions/Subversions: Sufi Subtexts Of Bangladeshi Indentity, Trina R. Mamoon
Comparative Civilizations Review
No abstract provided.
Charles C. Mann, 1491—New Revelations Of The Americas Before Columbus, Laina Farhat-Holzman
Charles C. Mann, 1491—New Revelations Of The Americas Before Columbus, Laina Farhat-Holzman
Comparative Civilizations Review
No abstract provided.
A Text Message, Katherine Elaine Sanders
The Origins Of Civilization: Essay With Notes, Matthew Melko
The Origins Of Civilization: Essay With Notes, Matthew Melko
Comparative Civilizations Review
No abstract provided.
Consequences Of Cattle Introduction In A Shrubsteppe Ecosystem: Indirect Effects On Desert Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma Platyrhinos), T.A. Scott Newbold, James A. Macmahon
Consequences Of Cattle Introduction In A Shrubsteppe Ecosystem: Indirect Effects On Desert Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma Platyrhinos), T.A. Scott Newbold, James A. Macmahon
Western North American Naturalist
Livestock grazing is one of the most common forms of land use in the western United States, yet scientists struggle to accurately predict grazing impacts. This study examined the initial response of desert horned lizards (Phrynosoma platyrhinos) to cattle introduction at a site in northwestern Utah. We sampled 21 grazed and 7 ungrazed study plots before grazing (2001), after grazing (2002), and 1 year after the cessation of grazing (2003). We were specifically interested in whether grazing influenced lizards through biotic or abiotic pathways. Lizard response (based on scat counts) to the initial impact of grazing (<6 months after cattle introduction) suggests that lizards abandoned areas protected from grazing (i.e., ungrazed exclosures) presumably in favor of grazed areas. Avoidance of ungrazed plots by lizards coincided with a decline in shrub and grass cover on grazed plots and with no significant change in relative abundance or richness of prey (ants) on grazed plots. In 2003, one year after cattle had been removed from the site, prey species richness declined on ungrazed plots, and percent bare ground increased on previously grazed plots; however, we detected no response of lizards to these changes. Overall, these results add to a growing consensus that responses by small vertebrates to grazing are largely the result of changes to habitat structure (i.e., vegetation cover), rather than to changes in prey availability. Importantly, results from our relatively unique evaluation of initial …
Seed Germination Of The Invasive Plant Brassica Tournefortii (Sahara Mustard) In The Mojave Desert, Dianne N. Bangle, Lawrence R. Walker, Elizabeth Ann Powell
Seed Germination Of The Invasive Plant Brassica Tournefortii (Sahara Mustard) In The Mojave Desert, Dianne N. Bangle, Lawrence R. Walker, Elizabeth Ann Powell
Western North American Naturalist
In the southwestern United States, Brassica tournefortii (Gouan) is a highly invasive plant that threatens native annuals. We conducted 5 experiments to help define the environmental limits for B. tournefortii germination. We found that this species germinates at a wide range of temperatures (16°C to 32°C), under moderate salt concentrations (up to 3.20 dS · m−1), in 24 hours of light or darkness, and after 10 weeks of submergence in water. These germination characteristics make B. tournefortii a potentially vigorous competitor of native annuals in the Mojave Desert. The fact that B. tournefortii can take advantage of and …
A 2000-Year Environmental History Of Jackson Hole, Wyoming, Inferred From Lake-Sediment Records, Karen Jacobs, Cathy Whitlock
A 2000-Year Environmental History Of Jackson Hole, Wyoming, Inferred From Lake-Sediment Records, Karen Jacobs, Cathy Whitlock
Western North American Naturalist
Little is known about the disturbance history of low-elevation forest and steppe vegetation in the western United States, nor about the relative importance of climate and human activity in shaping present-day plant communities. We analyzed pollen and high-resolution macroscopic charcoal records spanning the last 2100, 1000, and 550 cal years from 3 small lakes in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, to reconstruct the vegetation and fire history along a gradient from steppe to dry forest. The pollen data suggest little change in vegetation in the last 2 millennia, aside from a long-term trend toward more forest at the expense of steppe. One …
Influence Of Beaver Dam Density On Riparian Areas And Riparian Birds In Shrubsteppe Of Wyoming, Hilary A. Cooke, Steve Zack
Influence Of Beaver Dam Density On Riparian Areas And Riparian Birds In Shrubsteppe Of Wyoming, Hilary A. Cooke, Steve Zack
Western North American Naturalist
Through dam-building activity, beavers (Castor canadensis) play an important role in creating pond and wetland habitat for bird communities. Their impact may be intensified in semiarid landscapes and may increase with increasing dam density on a stream. Our objective was to examine relationships between dam density, riparian area characteristics, and the riparian bird community in a semiarid landscape. In 2002 and 2003 we surveyed riparian birds, riparian area characteristics, and the number of dams along 1.2-km sections of 11 streams in sagebrush steppe regions of Wyoming. We categorized the riparian bird community into 2 assemblages based on their …
Pioneering Conservation In Alaska By Ken Ross, Clayton M. White
Pioneering Conservation In Alaska By Ken Ross, Clayton M. White
Western North American Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Effects Of A Spring Prescribed Burn On The Soil Seed Bank In Sagebrush Steppe Exhibiting Pinyon-Juniper Expansion, Elizabeth A. Allen, Jeanne C. Chambers, Robert S. Nowak
Effects Of A Spring Prescribed Burn On The Soil Seed Bank In Sagebrush Steppe Exhibiting Pinyon-Juniper Expansion, Elizabeth A. Allen, Jeanne C. Chambers, Robert S. Nowak
Western North American Naturalist
Pinyon-juniper (Pinus monophylla–Juniperus osteosperma) woodlands are expanding into shrubsteppe ecosystems in western portions of the Great Basin. Often, highly competitive trees displace the understory, and prescribed fire is increasingly used as a restoration tool. To inform management decisions about post-fire recovery, we examined immediate and long-term (i.e., 2 growing seasons) responses of the germinable seed bank to a spring prescribed fire. One week before and 1 week after a May 2002 prescribed burn, soil samples were taken under P. monophylla trees, under Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana shrubs, and from interspace microsites. Two growing seasons after the prescribed burn, …
Efficiency Of Various Methods Used To Detect Presence Of Pygmy Rabbits In Summer, Eveline S. Larrucea, Peter F. Brussard
Efficiency Of Various Methods Used To Detect Presence Of Pygmy Rabbits In Summer, Eveline S. Larrucea, Peter F. Brussard
Western North American Naturalist
We compared pellet, burrow, visual, and camera surveys to identify a method with high efficiency for detecting current pygmy rabbit (Brachylagus idahoensis) presence at a site in summer. We used 20 known occupied sites in 4 regions of northern Nevada and eastern California for the comparison. All leporid species that occurred in the region were distinguishable in photographs, and camera surveys had a 95% detection efficiency for pygmy rabbits. Burrows were detected at 85% of total sites; however, burrows that appeared active were found at only 55% of total sites. Pygmy rabbit pellets were found at all sites, …
Do Yellow-Pine Chipmunks Prefer To Recover Their Own Caches?, Stephen B. Vander Wall, Cynthia J. Downs, Mark S. Enders, Ben A. Waitman
Do Yellow-Pine Chipmunks Prefer To Recover Their Own Caches?, Stephen B. Vander Wall, Cynthia J. Downs, Mark S. Enders, Ben A. Waitman
Western North American Naturalist
Many rodent species scatter hoard seeds within a home range shared with other seed-caching animals. An animal foraging for cached food is likely to encounter the caches of other animals, as well as its own. This study asks the following question: do animals recover primarily their own caches, do they conserve their own caches and search for the caches of other animals, or do they search indiscriminately for cached seeds regardless of who buried them? We tested these ideas using 8 yellow-pine chipmunks inside rodent-proof enclosures. We allowed each subject to cache radioactive seeds, we located the seed caches, and …
Low Specific Conductivity Limits Growth And Survival Of The New Zealand Mud Snail From The Upper Owens River, California, David B. Herbst, Michael T. Bogan, Robert A. Lusardi
Low Specific Conductivity Limits Growth And Survival Of The New Zealand Mud Snail From The Upper Owens River, California, David B. Herbst, Michael T. Bogan, Robert A. Lusardi
Western North American Naturalist
The New Zealand mud snail (NZMS), Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray), is an invasive species of aquatic snail that is becoming widespread in inland and coastal waters of the western United States. The New Zealand mud snail can have significant impacts on stream ecosystems, as they may consume a large fraction of available algae production and compete with and displace native invertebrates. Even though the distribution of this species is expanding, the habitat conditions conducive to invasion are incompletely understood. Surveys following the NZMS invasion in the Upper Owens River, California, indicated that the snail may be excluded from waters where dissolved …
The Life Cycles Of Claassenia Sabulosa And Hesperoperla Pacifica (Plecoptera: Perlidae) In Two Colorado Streams, Richard A. Thorp, Boris C. Kondratieff, Emily C. Thorp, Patrick B. Odenbeck, Michael J. Jarrett
The Life Cycles Of Claassenia Sabulosa And Hesperoperla Pacifica (Plecoptera: Perlidae) In Two Colorado Streams, Richard A. Thorp, Boris C. Kondratieff, Emily C. Thorp, Patrick B. Odenbeck, Michael J. Jarrett
Western North American Naturalist
We compared the life cycles of Claassenia sabulosa (Banks 1900) and Hesperoperla pacifica (Banks 1900) (Plecoptera: Perlidae) in allopatry and sympatry by studying 4 populations in 3 streams of the South Platte River Watershed, Colorado. We estimated 2-year life cycles for both C. sabulosa and H. pacifica in allopatry and sympatry. Evidence of egg diapausing and extended larval recruitment was noted for both species in allopatry and sympatry. There were no apparent differences in larval growth, larval recruitment, or adult emergence periodicity between allopatric and sympatric populations of C. sabulosa. In contrast, allopatric and sympatric H. pacifica populations exhibited differences …
Observations Of Shoaling And Feeding Behavior Of June Sucker, Chasmistes Liorus, In A Refuge Population, Eric J. Billman
Observations Of Shoaling And Feeding Behavior Of June Sucker, Chasmistes Liorus, In A Refuge Population, Eric J. Billman
Western North American Naturalist
Observations of shoaling and feeding behavior of the zooplanktivorous June sucker, Chasmistes liorus, were made during summer 2003 in Red Butte Reservoir, Utah. Water clarity limited observations to 0.5–1.5 m below the water surface. Schools of adult suckers, ranging from a few to >200 fish, were observed on 20 days from May to September. I classified them as schools rather than shoals because the groups moved synchronously rather than appearing simply as an aggregation of fish. These schools were near the water surface, generally in areas of the reservoir with a water depth of >3 m, and presumably fed …
Polygynous Mating Behavior In The Endangered Tehuantepec Jackrabbit (Lepus Flavigularis), Tamara Rioja, Consuelo Lorenzo, Eduardo Naranjo, Laura Scott, Arturo Carrillo-Reyes
Polygynous Mating Behavior In The Endangered Tehuantepec Jackrabbit (Lepus Flavigularis), Tamara Rioja, Consuelo Lorenzo, Eduardo Naranjo, Laura Scott, Arturo Carrillo-Reyes
Western North American Naturalist
This is the 1st effort to determine the mating behavior of the Tehuantepec jackrabbit (Lepus flavigularis), an endangered endemic species from southern Mexico whose distribution is limited to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec region. Between June 2006 and December 2007, observations of 60 adult radio-marked jackrabbits were carried out in Santa María del Mar, Oaxaca, Mexico. Direct observations showed that the breeding season of the Tehuantepec jackrabbit lasted an average of 200 days per year, with a high-intensity period during the rainy season (May–October); we also confirmed a polygamous reproductive behavior for this species. More importantly, we showed that …
Use Of A Mine By Eastern Pipistrelles (Perimyotis Subflavus) In East Central Nebraska, Jason P. Damm, Keith Geluso
Use Of A Mine By Eastern Pipistrelles (Perimyotis Subflavus) In East Central Nebraska, Jason P. Damm, Keith Geluso
Western North American Naturalist
The eastern pipistrelle (Perimyotis subflavus) is relatively common and widespread throughout the eastern United States. In recent decades, the distribution of P. subflavus has expanded westward across the Great Plains, and little information exists on its natural history in this region. In east central Nebraska, we monitored the use of a mine by eastern pipistrelles for >1 year. A few males occupied the roost in summer, but during the period of hibernation (late September–early May), the mine was used by at least 30 individuals composed of both sexes. Most individuals first entered the mine during late September through …
Influence Of Pocket Gopher Mounds On Nonnative Plant Establishment In A Shrubsteppe Ecosystem, G. Page Kyle, Andrew Kulmatiski, Karen H. Beard
Influence Of Pocket Gopher Mounds On Nonnative Plant Establishment In A Shrubsteppe Ecosystem, G. Page Kyle, Andrew Kulmatiski, Karen H. Beard
Western North American Naturalist
Soil disturbances across a wide range of spatial scales have been found to promote the establishment of invasive plant species. This study addresses whether mounds built by northern pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides) in the shrubsteppe environment of north central Washington are facilitating plant invasions into native-dominated fields. Research was conducted in native-dominated plant communities adjacent to ex-arable, nonnative-dominated fields. To determine the effect of mounds on plant growth, we recorded new establishment and persistence of all plant species over 2 growing seasons on 10–19 mound and intermound areas in 10 fields. Nonnative plant establishment was not affected by …