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Front Matter, Vol. 78 No. 1

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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End Matter, Vol. 78 No. 1

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Nanoreactors: Strategies To Encapsulate Enzyme Biocatalysts In Virus-Like Particles, Joshua W. Wilkerson, Seung-Ook Yang, Parker J. Funk, Steven K. Stanley, Bradley Charles Bundy

Faculty Publications

Enzyme-mediated biocatalysis is generally more selective and environmentally friendly and requires less energy than chemocatalysis. However, factors such as temperature, acidity and the presence of proteases can negate enzyme activity. Encapsulation in virus-like particles is one promising method to mitigate these difficulties. Encapsulation also can be used to create multi-reaction nanoreactors that increase process efficiency by isolating reaction intermediates. To successfully encapsulate enzymes, a variety of methods involving both non-covalent and covalent interactions have been developed. Here we review promising virus-like particle encapsulation strategies, their advantages and remaining challenges.

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Through The Eyes Of A Deaf-Mute, Nicole Finlayson

Modernist Short Story Project

Author of England and one of Ezra Pound’s lovers, B.M. Goold-Adams (Gould-Adams), or most commonly referred to as Bride Scratton, was a writer who drew from personal experiences to create short stories that “explores the lives of people from different classes, and backgrounds living in England” (England). The events in Scratton’s life – especially the loss of her father, birth of disabled daughter, and divorce from Ned Scratton in 1923 – greatly influenced her writings and were key components in her short story “The Obsequies.” This story was written in 1923 and published in England, a collection of Bride’s short …

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Gender And Religion In A Shifting Social Landscape: Anglo-Saxon Mortuary Practices, Ad 600-700, Caroline Palmer

Undergraduate Honors Theses

My thesis examines seventh-century East Anglian mortuary practices and cross-correlates grave goods and human remains to determine whether there was an expression of the sexual division of labor during this period of social and religious change. I argue that gender roles changed as a result of adopting kingdoms and Christianity. Prior to this time period, Anglo-Saxons were primarily pagan and were buried with extensive burial goods. In addition to changes in religious and burial practices, during the Final Phase (600-700 AD) there appears to have been a division of labor that was not as dichotomous in the Migration Phase (450-600 …

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The Rise And Fall Of The Stock Market: A Look At Financial Professionals Suicide Ideation, Jefferson Mcclain

Undergraduate Honors Theses

On October 24, 1929, the United States stock market crashed. Will Rogers, a local newspaper writer, said of that experience, “When Wall Street took that tail spin, you had to stand in line to get a window to jump out of, and spectators were selling space for bodies in the East River” (Lowenthal 1987). Tales of ruined stockbrokers jumping from the windows of tall buildings ran across the country. These stories have prompted interest in the interaction between workplace environment and mental health. In this study, we looked at the relationship between stock market performance and suicide ideation for working …

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Comparison Of A Prepositioned Areal Electrofishing Device And Fixed Underwater Videography For Sampling Riverine Fishes, Philip R. Branigan, Michael C. Quist, Bradley B. Shepard, Susan C. Ireland

Western North American Naturalist

Prepositioned areal electrofishing devices (PAEDs) are used to evaluate microhabitat use by fishes because they minimize fright biases associated with traditional electrofishing techniques (e.g., boat electrofishing). Similarly, fixed underwater videography (FUV) is commonly used to minimize the effect of observers on fish behavior. The specific objectives of this research were to evaluate estimates of taxonomic occurrence and diversity between PAEDs and FUV and determine an appropriate time interval between positioning and electrifying of a PAED to reduce effects of PAED positioning on fish occurrence. Video cameras were positioned instream at 28 locations on the Kootenai River, Idaho, prior to PAED …

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Occurrence Of Chironomid Species (Diptera: Chironomidae) In The High Se-78 Concentrations And High Ph Of Fountain Creek Watershed, Colorado, Usa, Del Wayne R. Nimmo, Scott J. Herrmann, James E. Sublette, Igor V. Melnykov, Lisa K. Helland, John A. Romine, James S. Carsella, Lynn M. Herrmann-Hoesing, Jason A. Turner, Brian D. Vanden Heuvel

Western North American Naturalist

High selenium (Se) in watersheds can cause detrimental effects to many vertebrate species, but less is known regarding its effects on invertebrates comprising the basis of the food chain. This study addressed the response of a natural community of chironomid (midge) species to Se in 2 high-gradient streams that join to form a sandy-bottom front-range stream known to contain increasing downstream concentrations of Se. We identified a total of 151 species of adult male midges (n = 714) collected in 2007 and 2008 from 14 sites in the Fountain Creek Watershed, Colorado, USA. In the initial analysis, the midge …

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Short-Term Regeneration Dynamics Of Wyoming Big Sagebrush At Two Sites In Northern Utah, Sara J. Germain, Rebecca K. Mann, Thomas A. Monaco, Kari E. Veblen

Western North American Naturalist

Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) is a widespread shrub across the western United States, and there is great interest among scientists and land managers in its ecology and conservation, particularly with regard to maintaining structural heterogeneity of sagebrush stands for wildlife habitat and livestock forage. Yet little is known about its short-term regeneration dynamics and the implications of those dynamics for changes in stand structure. We examined changes among sagebrush size classes across 3 years, as well as emergence of sagebrush from seed bank and seed rain samples at 2 sagebrush shrubland sites in northern Utah: …

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13.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Moving On: An Investigation Of Dance Movement Therapy In Ptsd Treatment, Sydney Parker

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

This literature review explores the ways dance movement therapy can treat post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD. By analyzing and synthesizing the current literature on the relationship between the two, we can more clearly understand how dance movement therapy can treat PTSD, as well as where more research is needed. Looking closer at the w ays dance movement therapy relieves symptoms of PTSD allows its effectiveness to be evaluated. Thus far we have seen many advantages to dance movement therapy, including its inherent connection to the body, how well it works with other therapies, its non-goal-oriented and accepting nature, and its …

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Preventing Eating Disorders By Promoting Media Literacy And Rejecting Harmful Dieting Based Mentalities, Mckayla Kagie

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

This review investigates the main contributing factors of an eating disorder and how one can facilitate eating disorder prevention. A brief summary of eating disorders and their history is provided. The diet mentality and the negative consequences associated with that mentality are examined. The term “diet mentality” is used intermittently to describe the behaviors and beliefs that surround fad dieting including the desire to manipulate food and water intake to lose weight. How to reject that diet mentality is discussed as part of preventing eating disorders. Additionally, preventative measures include becoming media literate and promoting body positivity. Media literacy is …

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Negative Effects Of Divorce And Possible Intervention Program Development And Improvement, Mariah Eaton

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Current psychological research demonstrates that parental divorce can have negative effects on children (Amato, 2005). This review compiles and compares research regarding the different effects of divorce on emotional, social, physical, and mental wellbeing of children of divorce. The research outlined in this review studies children ages 0-18 in the United States but focuses on children in elementary and middle schools. Present intervention programs for children of divorce are compared and the different goals and methods of each are then identified. These methods are compared based on their effects on the participants. By looking at the improvements in social, emotional, …

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The Irony Of Empiricism In The Psychology Of Religion, Alex Calder

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Current researchers are considering the relevant new knowledge that psychological studies in the past 100 years have produced concerning the psychology of religion. Experimental methods typically employed have the aim of producing value-neutral scientific results, especially in the arena of religion. How ever, methods are inextricably tied to assumptions, since how a person investigates something reflects their understanding or belief about that thing (Hood, 2013). Those methods present in psychology today take after the natural sciences in an effort to arrogate psychology to the status of a hard science. Naturalist methods are also based on naturalist presuppositions about the nature …

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Differential Expression Of Mtor Related Molecules In The Placenta Of Patients With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Or Preeclampsia, Katherine Price, Brent Kimbler, Nekel Knowlton, Kelsey Hirschi, Paul Reynolds, Juan Arroyo

Student Works

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is involved in placental growth and function during pregnancy. The mTOR pathway responds to nutrient availability and growth factors regulating protein transcription and cell growth. mTOR disruptions are associated with the development of obstetric complications which may result in adverse health outcomes for the mother and/or fetus. The purpose of this study is to identify the differing placental expression of various mTOR-associated proteins during normal gestation (Control), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preeclampsia (PE). Immunohistochemistry was used to stain human placenta for activated proteins (phospho; p)AKT, (p)ERK, (p)mTOR, (p)p70 …

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Mass Upstream Dispersal Of Pelagic-Broadcast Spawning Cyprinids In The Rio Grande And Pecos River, New Mexico, Thomas P. Archdeacon, Stephen R. Davenport, Joshua D. Grant, Eileen B. Henry

Western North American Naturalist

Pelagic-broadcast spawning minnows are a reproductive guild of fishes, of which several species occur in the American Great Plains and Southwest. The eggs and larvae of these species drift laterally and downstream, with drift distances varying depending on channel conditions and flow. Persistence or recolonization of these species in upstream reaches must depend on retention of eggs and larvae or upstream dispersal of later life stages, otherwise net downstream displacement of eggs and larvae would result in upstream extirpations. However, only a few individuals of several species have been observed dispersing. Here, we describe 2 direct visual observations of the …

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An Inventory Of Bryophytes On The Summit Of Pink Mountain (Peace River District, British Columbia, Canada), Ernest T.Y. Wu, Daniel P. Mosquin, Robert D. Guy

Western North American Naturalist

The bryophyte diversity in northern British Columbia is insufficiently studied. We conducted a bryophyte survey in a 2.2-km² proposed ecological reserve at the summit of Pink Mountain in the Peace River District of northern British Columbia. Pink Mountain is at the southern periphery of the ranges of several arctic flora species as well as the northernmost reaches of other temperate flora species. The south summit of Pink Mountain has a high floristic diversity coincident with its limestone geology, which provides a more alkaline condition for plant growth than the north summit does. We documented 65 species, including 2 new …

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The Impact Of Gap Years On Academic Outcomes For Women: A Case Study From The Missionary Age Change, Margaret Marchant

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Young adults throughout the United States and other countries participate in “gap years,” or time away from school, often for travel, work, or volunteering. This practice is promoted as a way to mature and refocus. However, some worry that it lowers the likelihood of college completion. Previous literature has investigated the academic, social, and personal benefits of gap years with mixed results; however selection into gap years confounds the true impact with unobservable personal characteristics. To overcome selection issues, I exploit an exogenous policy change that lowered age requirements for missionary service, a unique type of gap year, resulting in …

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T.D.A. Cockerell (1866–1948) Of The University Of Colorado: His Contributions To The Natural History Of The California Islands And Establishment Of Channel Islands National Monument, Daniel R. Muhs

Western North American Naturalist

Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell was a naturalist at the University of Colorado from 1904 to 1947 and studied botany, zoology, and paleontology in North and South America, Asia, Australia, Africa, and Europe. In the latter part of his career, he studied the California islands and published many papers on their natural history, 16 of them in four years (1937–1940). He made important contributions to the natural history of the islands in four distinct ways: entomology of the islands, including identification of a number of new species of bees; discovery of fossil marine invertebrate faunas and recognition that the zoogeography of …

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Discovery Of Geographical Gene Variants In Related Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Bacteriophages, Emilee Carr, Elise Melhado, Emily Loertscher, Trever Thurgood, Ruchira Sharma, Julianne H. Grose

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2019

Antibiotic resistant bacterial strains are a major crisis in the world due to the difficult nature of curing individuals afflicted with them. Phage therapy has been proposed as an alternate treatment for these bacterium. In Dr. Julianne Grose's lab, bacteriophages were against the bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To isolate, environmental samples were utilized in enrichment cultures that were ultimately used in serial dilutions, plaque purification, electron microscopy, DNA isolation, sequencing, and genome annotation. The P. aeruginosa phage, TF17, infects a bacterial strain that is highly related to a strain that causes fatalities as an opportunistic infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. …

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Molecular Detection Of Northern Leatherside Chub (Lepidomeda Copei) Dna In Environmental Samples, Joseph C. Dysthe, Kellie J. Carim, Thomas W. Franklin, Dave Kikkert, Michael K. Young, Kevin S. Mckelvey, Michael K. Schwartz

Western North American Naturalist

The northern leatherside chub (Lepidomeda copei) is a cyprinid fish native to the Snake River, Green River, and Bonneville basins of the western United States. Population declines prompted the development of a multistate conservation agreement and strategy, which emphasized the need to reliably delineate its current distribution and monitor its status. To facilitate species monitoring, we developed a quantitative PCR assay to detect northern leatherside chub DNA in environmental samples. The assay consistently detected northern leatherside chub DNA in concentrations as low as 2 copies per reaction and did not amplify DNA of potentially sympatric fish species. The …

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Lyophilized Escherichia Coli-Based Cell-Free Systems For Robust, High-Density, Long-Term Storage, Mark Thomas Smith, Scott D. Berkheimer, Christopher J. Werner, Bradley Charles Bundy

Faculty Publications

Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a versatile tool for rapid recombinant protein production and engineering. One drawback of cell-free technology is the necessity to store the major components—cell extracts and energy systems—below freezing in bulky aqueous solutions. Here we describe simple methods for lyophilizing extracts and preparing powdered energy systems for CFPS. These techniques allow for high-density storage of cell-free systems that are more robust against temperature and bacterial degradation. Our methods have the potential to decrease storage expenses, allow for longer shelf-life of cell extracts at room temperature, and enable durable portable protein production technologies.

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Streamlined Extract Preparation For Escherichia Coli-Based Cell-Free Protein Synthesis By Sonication Or Bead Vortex Mixing, Prashanta Shrestha, Troy Michael Holland, Bradley Charles Bundy

Faculty Publications

Escherichia coli-based cell extract is a vital component of inexpensive and high-yielding cell-free protein synthesis reactions. However, effective preparation of E. coli cell extract is limited to high-pressure (French press-style or impinge-style) or bead mill homogenizers, which all require a significant capital investment. Here we report the viability of E. coli cell extract prepared using equipment that is both common to biotechnology laboratories and able to process small volume samples. Specifically, we assessed the low-capital-cost lysis techniques of: (i) sonication, (ii) bead vortex mixing, (iii) freeze-thaw cycling, and (iv) lysozyme …

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Physical Abuse Tendencies Among Males: Initial Development And Validation Of The Likelihood To Physically Abuse, Christina Elisabeth Riley

Theses and Dissertations

Male-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV) against women remains as a pervasive and detrimental issue both in the United States and globally. Researchers, counselors, and others often develop psychological measures to help understand the causes of IPV in an effort to prevent this issue from occurring. Debate still persists within IPV research as to the definitive factors that contribute to the perpetration of IPV. The socio-feminist perspective remains as the predominant theoretical basis that drives IPV research and understanding. Despite this, no psychological measure grounded in this theory that predicts IPV perpetration proclivities has been developed and validated to date. The …

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Small Mammal Diversity, Rattlesnake Demographics, And Resource Utilization In The Great Basin: Implications For Management And Stable Isotope Proxies, Bryan T. Hamilton

Theses and Dissertations

Plant carbon isotopes were used to track assimilation of riparian resources by small mammals. Voles and shrews derived significant portions of their carbon from riparian vegetation. Deer and harvest mice were abundant in riparian habitat but assimilated little riparian vegetation indicating that the riparian corridor provided resources other than food. This is first use of stable carbon isotopes to trace riparian resources into a vertebrate community. Conifer encroachment in sagebrush ecosystems negatively affects many wildlife populations. Conifer removal is recommended across millions of hectares in the Great Basin. However the effects of conifer encroachment and conifer removal are unknown for …

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What Must Exist Before You Have A Civilization?, The Northridge Discussion

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

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Questions In The Book Of Mormon, Holt Zaugg

Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel

Questions are the catalyst that drives learning, providing a focus on what an individual wants or needs to know. They are the drivers that move knowledge acquisition to realms of greater understanding and wisdom. Karen Brown, a professor at Dominican University, describes questions as the heart of learning and the impetus for building knowledge. Teachers and students use questions to vet information and allow them to develop the ability to see when change is coming and to manage changes when they occur. Questions help people to zone in on important details that help to sharpen and refine their thinking.

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Genomic Structural Variation Across Five Continental Populations Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Evan Michael Long

Theses and Dissertations

Chromosomal structure variations (SV) including insertions, deletions, inversions, and translocations occur within the genome and can have a significant effect on organismalphenotype. Some of these effects are caused by structural variations containing genes. Modern sequencing using short reads makes the detection of large structural variations (> 1kb) very difficult. Large structural variations represent a significant amount of the genetic diversity within a population. We used a global sampling of Drosophila melanogaster (Ithaca, Zimbabwe, Beijing, Tasmania, and Netherlands) to represent diverse populations. We used long-read sequencing and optical mapping technologies to identify SVs in these genomes. Because the average read length …

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Microbial Community Response To Fumigation In Potato Soils, Trevor Blake Smart

Theses and Dissertations

Soil microorganisms have a variety of beneficial and deleterious effects on plants, impacting such processes as plant growth, soil nutrient cycling, crop yield, disease resistance and tolerance to an array of biotic and abiotic stressors. The disruption of soil microbial community structures, particularly when beneficial soil biota are altered, has been shown to reduce crop yield and leave plants susceptible to disease. Long-term disruption of microbial communities may occur with repeated fumigation, being the application of gaseous pesticides, in agricultural soils. For this reason, we characterized bacterial, fungal, oomycete and nematode populations in paired fumigated and nonfumigated potato fields located …

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Letter From Germany And Russia, Vlad Alalykin-Izvekov

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Front Matter, Vol. 78 No. 1

Western North American Naturalist

End Matter, Vol. 78 No. 1

Western North American Naturalist

Nanoreactors: Strategies To Encapsulate Enzyme Biocatalysts In Virus-Like Particles, Joshua W. Wilkerson, Seung-Ook Yang, Parker J. Funk, Steven K. Stanley, Bradley Charles Bundy

Faculty Publications

Through The Eyes Of A Deaf-Mute, Nicole Finlayson

Modernist Short Story Project

Gender And Religion In A Shifting Social Landscape: Anglo-Saxon Mortuary Practices, Ad 600-700, Caroline Palmer

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The Rise And Fall Of The Stock Market: A Look At Financial Professionals Suicide Ideation, Jefferson Mcclain

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Comparison Of A Prepositioned Areal Electrofishing Device And Fixed Underwater Videography For Sampling Riverine Fishes, Philip R. Branigan, Michael C. Quist, Bradley B. Shepard, Susan C. Ireland

Western North American Naturalist

Western North American Naturalist

Short-Term Regeneration Dynamics Of Wyoming Big Sagebrush At Two Sites In Northern Utah, Sara J. Germain, Rebecca K. Mann, Thomas A. Monaco, Kari E. Veblen

Western North American Naturalist

13.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Moving On: An Investigation Of Dance Movement Therapy In Ptsd Treatment, Sydney Parker

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Preventing Eating Disorders By Promoting Media Literacy And Rejecting Harmful Dieting Based Mentalities, Mckayla Kagie

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Negative Effects Of Divorce And Possible Intervention Program Development And Improvement, Mariah Eaton

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

The Irony Of Empiricism In The Psychology Of Religion, Alex Calder

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Differential Expression Of Mtor Related Molecules In The Placenta Of Patients With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Or Preeclampsia, Katherine Price, Brent Kimbler, Nekel Knowlton, Kelsey Hirschi, Paul Reynolds, Juan Arroyo

Student Works

Mass Upstream Dispersal Of Pelagic-Broadcast Spawning Cyprinids In The Rio Grande And Pecos River, New Mexico, Thomas P. Archdeacon, Stephen R. Davenport, Joshua D. Grant, Eileen B. Henry

Western North American Naturalist

An Inventory Of Bryophytes On The Summit Of Pink Mountain (Peace River District, British Columbia, Canada), Ernest T.Y. Wu, Daniel P. Mosquin, Robert D. Guy

Western North American Naturalist

The Impact Of Gap Years On Academic Outcomes For Women: A Case Study From The Missionary Age Change, Margaret Marchant

Undergraduate Honors Theses

T.D.A. Cockerell (1866–1948) Of The University Of Colorado: His Contributions To The Natural History Of The California Islands And Establishment Of Channel Islands National Monument, Daniel R. Muhs

Western North American Naturalist

Discovery Of Geographical Gene Variants In Related Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Bacteriophages, Emilee Carr, Elise Melhado, Emily Loertscher, Trever Thurgood, Ruchira Sharma, Julianne H. Grose

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2019

Molecular Detection Of Northern Leatherside Chub (Lepidomeda Copei) Dna In Environmental Samples, Joseph C. Dysthe, Kellie J. Carim, Thomas W. Franklin, Dave Kikkert, Michael K. Young, Kevin S. Mckelvey, Michael K. Schwartz

Western North American Naturalist

Lyophilized Escherichia Coli-Based Cell-Free Systems For Robust, High-Density, Long-Term Storage, Mark Thomas Smith, Scott D. Berkheimer, Christopher J. Werner, Bradley Charles Bundy

Faculty Publications

Streamlined Extract Preparation For Escherichia Coli-Based Cell-Free Protein Synthesis By Sonication Or Bead Vortex Mixing, Prashanta Shrestha, Troy Michael Holland, Bradley Charles Bundy

Faculty Publications

Physical Abuse Tendencies Among Males: Initial Development And Validation Of The Likelihood To Physically Abuse, Christina Elisabeth Riley

Theses and Dissertations

Small Mammal Diversity, Rattlesnake Demographics, And Resource Utilization In The Great Basin: Implications For Management And Stable Isotope Proxies, Bryan T. Hamilton

Theses and Dissertations

What Must Exist Before You Have A Civilization?, The Northridge Discussion

Comparative Civilizations Review

Questions In The Book Of Mormon, Holt Zaugg

Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel

Genomic Structural Variation Across Five Continental Populations Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Evan Michael Long

Theses and Dissertations

Microbial Community Response To Fumigation In Potato Soils, Trevor Blake Smart

Theses and Dissertations

Letter From Germany And Russia, Vlad Alalykin-Izvekov

Comparative Civilizations Review