Digital Commons Network^™

Soil Nematodes Of Northern Rocky Mountain Ecosystems: Genera And Biomasses, T. Weaver, J. Smolik

Great Basin Naturalist

Soil nematode populations were larger and more diverse in two grasslands than in three forests of the northern Rocky Mountains. As we moved from Festuca idahoensis grassland through progressively higher zones of vegetation dominated by Artemisia tridentata, Populus tremuloides, and Pseudotsuga menziesii, and then to Abies lasiocarpa forests, numbers of nematode genera declined from 31 to 26 to 20 to 21 to 13; numbers of individuals in the top 50 cm of the soil were 6.0, 5.3, 1.7, 1.5, and 1.6 million/m², and biomasses of nematodes in the top 50 cm of the soil were …

End Matter, Vol. 47 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Dry-Year Grazing And Nebraska Sedge (Carex Nebraskensis), Raymond D. Ratliff, Stanley E. Westfall

Great Basin Naturalist

In 1984 (a dry year), Tule Meadow, in the Sierra National Forest, California, was well grazed after several years of light use. This situation provided the opportunity to study responses of Nebraska sedge (Carex nebraskensis), an important forage species in mountain meadows, to protection and grazing. Rooted shoot frequencies and densities in fall 1984 and spring 1985 were the same within an exclosure and on the grazed area. Residual herbage (shoot weight) in fall and shoot heights in spring were greater within the exclosure. Lower spring shoot heights on the grazed area may relate to fall regrowth and …

Planting Depth Of 'Hobble Creek' Mountain Big Sagebrush Seed, Tracy L. C. Jacobson, Bruce L. Welch

Great Basin Naturalist

We conducted a greenhouse study in which 'Hobble Creek' mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana) seeds were planted at various depths in soil to determine the optimal planting depth. Results showed that the optimal planting depth is 5 mm or less.

Distribution Of Vertebrates Of The Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, Stanley H. Anderson, Wayne A. Hubert, Craig Patterson, Alan J. Redder, David Duvall

Great Basin Naturalist

During a survey of the vertebrates in the Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, 46 mammal, 210 bird, 9 reptile, 5 amphibian, and 28 fish species were found. Habitat structure and moisture were two environmental variables associated with species numbers across this 1,820-ha area. Eight distinct habitats were evaluated. In coniferous forests, 27% of the birds and 54% of the mammals were observed. Sagebrush/grasslands and upland shrublands were very arid and had relatively few vertebrates. Five introduced game birds occurred in sagebrush habitat. Riparian and wetland habitats had the largest number of unique vertebrates, 38 and 77 respectively. The establishment of …

Parasites Of The Bowhead Whale, Balaena Mysticetus, Richard A. Heckmann, Lauritz A. Jensen, Robert G. Warnock, Bruce Coleman

Great Basin Naturalist

Blood, tissue, and organ samples from five bowhead whales were examined for ecto- and endoparasites. Two species of protozoans, four genera of diatoms, one species of trematoda, two species of nematoda, and one species of amphipoda "louse" were found. No blood parasites were recovered. The larval anisakid nematode, found in the submucosa of the forestomach of one whale, generated a prominent inflammatory response. Protozoans found in contents of the colon included a flagellate and a sarcodinan. The sarcodinan, which was common in the colon contents of one whale, belongs to the genus Entamoeba and probably represents an undescribed species. Ogomogaster …

Lizards And Turtles Of Western Chihuahua, Wilmer W. Tanner

Great Basin Naturalist

This second report on the reptiles of Chihuahua deals with the lizards and turtles of western Chihuahua. Field work was done from 1956 to 1972 and was confined to the area west of Highway 45. General information pertaining to the ecology and geology reported in the section on snakes is not repeated. Ecological and life history information is included in the species accounts where data are available.

In western Chihuahua 16 genera and 49 species and subspecies of lizards and 3 genera and 5 species of turtles are reported. Only one subspecies is described as new (Sceloporus poinsettii robisoni …

Annotated Inventory Of Invertebrate Populations Of An Alpine Lake And Stream Chain In Colorado, John H. Bushnell, Susan Q. Foster, Bruce M. Wahle

Great Basin Naturalist

Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected during the ice-free season (1 July–20 October) over a five-year period from a chain of alpine lakes and intervening streams in the Green Lakes Valley (3,347–3,615 m) in Boulder County, Colorado. A list of taxa was developed for 1981 and 1982, with taxonomic additions for 1983–1985 and comments on community structure, seasonal and elevational changes in species abundance, and noteworthy occurrences. A total of 111 taxa was collected, of which 84% occurred in streams, 58% being exclusively lotic. Dipterans composed 73–81% of total abundance in streams. The littoral benthic zone of lakes was predominantly trichopterans and …

Niche Pattern In A Great Basin Rodent Fauna, Edward H. Robey Jr., H. Duane Smith, Mark C. Belk

Great Basin Naturalist

Niche pattern of a desert rodent community in shrub habitats of central Utah was examined in the canonical space formed by the first four principal components of trapsite, microhabitat. Positions of species centroids differed significantly (P < .05) in this space and were consistent with the known habits of each; thus, it appears that the principal components measured biologically meaningful facts. Abundance in optimal habitat (a₁) increased with niche breadth (v₁) and decreased with increasing difference of centroids of a species from the overall mean habitat (d₁). V₁ was positively related to d₁. Differences between niche pattern of this community and that of deciduous forest small mammals are discussed.

Perspectives On The Constitution—Origins, Development, Philosophy, And Contemporary Applications, Thomas B. Mcaffee

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

The Judicial Campaign Against Polygamy And The Enduring Legal Questions, Edwin B. Firmage

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Interpretation And The American Tradition Of Individual Rights, Thomas B. Mcaffee

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

Public Virtue And The Roots Of American Government, Richard Vetterli, Gary Bryner

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

One Moment, Please: Private Devotion In The Public Schools, Richard G. Wilkins

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

The Best Constitution In Existence: The Influence Of The British Example On The Framers Of Our Fundamental Law, M. E. Bradford

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

Seed Germination Characteristics Of Chrysothamnus Nauseosus Ssp. Viridulus (Astereae, Asteraceae), M. A. Khan, N. Sankhla, D. J. Weber, E. D. Mcarthur

Great Basin Naturalist

Rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus [Pallas] Britt. ssp. viridulus) may prove to be a source of high-quality cis-isoprene rubber, but its establishment is limited by a lack of information on seed germination. Consequently, seeds were germinated at alternating temperatures (5–15, 5–25, 15–25, and 20–30 C) in light and dark as well as constant temperatures (15–40 C with 5-C increments) to determine temperature response. Seeds were also germinated in solutions of polyethylene glycol 6000 (0 to –5 bar), salinity regimes (1, 17, 51, and 86 mM) at all the above-mentioned temperatures to determine salinity and temperature interaction. The hormones GA …

Effects Of Logging On Habitat Quality And Feeding Patterns Of Abert Squirrels, Jordan C. Pederson, R. C. Farentinos, Victoria M. Littlefield

Great Basin Naturalist

In 1973 a timber harvest of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) was conducted in an area southeast of Monticello, Utah, that is inhabited by Abert squirrels (Sciurus aberti). Abert squirrel dietary habits, foraging patterns, and population densities were compared in the timber harvest area and in an adjacent nonharvested area. Squirrel feeding patterns and preferences were visually determined by physical evidence of past feeding. Live-trapping and field-marking of animals were used to determine population density and trends in the two areas. Squirrels fed in only 26.3% of sampled plots on the timber harvest areas, while 42.7% of …

Burrows Of The Sagebrush Vole (Lemmiscus Curtatus) In Southeastern Idaho, Tim R. Mullican, Barry L. Keller

Great Basin Naturalist

Burrows of the sagebrush vole (Lemmiscus curtatus) were analyzed by injecting them with expanding polyurethane foam. Average mean depth ± 1 SE of four burrows was 12.5 ± 2.6 cm. Tunnels were wider than high and flat on the bottom. Three of four burrows were nearly linear, with an average of five entrances. Burrows usually contained one nest made of Artemisia tridentata bark. No middens or communal nests were found. The burrow structure in sagebrush habitat suggests that sagebrush voles occur singly or in pairs rather than in colonies.

Plant Community Zonation In Response To Soil Gradients In A Saline Meadow Near Utah Lake, Utah County, Utah, Jack D. Brotherson

Great Basin Naturalist

Patterns of zonation along a saline meadow slope were studied. Different species associations were distributed in five zones along the slope which paralleled Utah Lake. The five zones, distinguished on the basis of dominant species and/or life form, were: saltgrass–annual weed, saltgrass-alkaligrass, saltgrass-forb, saltgrass, and spikerush. Soil, vegetation, and plant species data were taken. Patterns of change with respect to these factors were observed along the downslope gradient. Soil pH and soluble salts decreased downslope, while organic matter and moisture increased. Individual ions showed varying patterns. Vegetation and species patterns also varied with slope position. Annuals dominated the ridge tops, …

End Matter, Vol. 47 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Occurrence Of The Musk Ox, Symbos Cavifrons, From Southeastern Idaho And Comments On The Genus Bootherium, Michael E. Nelson, James H. Madsen Jr.

Great Basin Naturalist

A set of ovibovine horn cores collected from Pleistocene sediments in southeastern Idaho provides additional evidence for sexual dimorphism in the helmeted musk ox, Symbos cavifrons. Specimens previously assigned to Bootherium sargenti are placed in synonomy with Symbos cavifrons as sexual dimorphs (females). Bootherium bombifrons is a valid taxon and is probably not closely related to Symbos.

Ecological Comparison Of Sympatric Populations Of Sand Lizards (Cophosaurus Texanus And Callisaurus Draconoides), Donald D. Smith, Philip A. Medica, Sherburn R. Sanborn

Great Basin Naturalist

Sympatric populations of Cophosaurus texanus and Callisaurus draconoides were periodically sampled from March 1973 through April 1974 at Burro Creek, Mohave County, Arizona. Callisaurus were also sampled at Rock Valley, Nye County, Nevada. Sex ratios were skewed in favor of males in the adult Cophosaurus but were equal in both adult populations of Callisaurus. Both species became sexually mature as yearlings. Mean clutch sizes were 3.55 (±0.83) for Cophosaurus, and 4.25 (±1.08) and 5.07 (±1.33) for Callisaurus at Burro Creek and Rock Valley respectively. Evidence of multiple clutches was exhibited by both species. Egg weight/body weight ratios for both species …

Demography Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Populations Reoccupying Sites Treated With Rodenticide, R. P. Cincotta, D. W. Uresk, R. M. Hansen

Great Basin Naturalist

A rodenticide, zinc phosphide, was applied to remove black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) from 6 ha of a prairie dog colony in southwestern South Dakota. Another adjacent 6 ha was left untreated. The removal experiment was repeated two consecutive years. Contingency table analysis showed that the resultant population was not homogeneous; age classes by sex of the immigrant and resident subpopulations were different (P < 0.01). The ratio of adult females to yearling females was greater among immigrants than among residents (P < 0.03). Female immigrants did not produce young in the treated zone during the year of their arrival. Fewer of these females displayed distended nipples than expected (P < 0.01), indicating that these immigrants did not reproduce during the reproductive season immediately preceding dispersal and suggesting that failure to reproduce may have stimulated dispersal.

Field Clinic Procedures For Diagnosing Echinococcus Granulosus In Dogs, Ferron L. Andersen, M. John Ramsay

Great Basin Naturalist

Echinococcus granulosus is the causative parasite of hydatid disease in humans and represents a significant public health problem within endemic foci in all major continents of the world. This report gives a detailed set of instructions whereby four trained individuals can examine 15–20 dogs per hour for the presence of this organism. The procedure permits the baseline determination of the prevalence of this parasite within any specific population of dogs and also allows the periodic examination of the same animals to determine if recommended preventive and control measures for hydatid disease are being followed by sheep and dog owners in …

Notes On Mycophagy In Four Species Of Mice In The Genus Peromyscus, Chris Maser, Zane Maser

Great Basin Naturalist

Fungal spores in the stomach contents and/or feces of 696 Peromyscus spp. showed that about half had eaten fungi: of 486 deer mice (P. maniculatus), 48%; of 160 white-footed mice (P. leucopus), 59%; of 40 canyon mice (P. crinitus), 12%; and of 10 pi ñ on mice (P. truei), 90%.

Pygmy Rabbits In The Colorado River Drainage, C. L. Pritchett, J. A. Nilsen, M. P. Coffeen, H. D. Smith

Great Basin Naturalist

A range extension of the pygmy rabbit, Brachylagus idahoensis, into the Colorado River basin and a hypothesis as to its route of emigration.

The Therapy Of Faith, Garth L. Allred

Issues in Religion and Psychotherapy

No abstract provided.

The Humanitarian Theory Of Punishment, C. S. Lewis

Issues in Religion and Psychotherapy

No abstract provided.

A Psychologist Looks At Love, Victor B. Cline

Issues in Religion and Psychotherapy

No abstract provided.

The Making Of British Saints In Historical Perspective, Tim B. Heaton, Stan L. Albrecht, J. Randal Johnson

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.