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Articles 871 - 900 of 1073
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Modeling And Simulation Of Communication Systems In Opnet, David M. Banker
Modeling And Simulation Of Communication Systems In Opnet, David M. Banker
Theses and Dissertations
This research aims to present accurate computer models of a communication link and a Super High Frequency (SHF) radio communication system. Network Warfare Simulation (NETWARS) is a J-6 initiative aimed at modeling all communication traffic in the Department of Defense (DoD) for testing and analysis of specific real world scenarios. The AN/TSC-94 is a SHF radio system with satellite communication capabilities. The AN/TSC-94 incorporates a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) radio link for certain Anti-Jam (AJ) features. A DSSS spreads' signal power over a large bandwidth, reducing power previously concentrated within the original system bandwidth. The simulations were performed using …
Robust Multi-Scenario Optimization Of An Air Expeditionary Force Force Structure Applying Genetic Algorithms To The Combat Forces Assessment Model, Barry D. Bennett Jr.
Robust Multi-Scenario Optimization Of An Air Expeditionary Force Force Structure Applying Genetic Algorithms To The Combat Forces Assessment Model, Barry D. Bennett Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The United States Air Force is increasingly facing more diverse threat situations while existing force structure levels are being reduced and proposed compositions are being severely scrutinized for relevance, affordability, and effectiveness. Military planners are struggling with the question of how to generate a single force structure that can adequately respond to a multitude of threat scenarios in an uncertain future while at the same time being tasked to prove just how effective their choice will be. In the past, modeling has been effective in showing how a force can respond to a single threat scenario but a new modeling …
A Tabu Search For Scheduling And Rescheduling Combat Aircraft, Kevin M. Calhoun
A Tabu Search For Scheduling And Rescheduling Combat Aircraft, Kevin M. Calhoun
Theses and Dissertations
Scheduling an air campaign is time and labor intensive. Exacerbating the problem, combat planners use manual methods to accomplish much of this daunting but critical task. While some work has been done to automate the process, the approaches used generate schedules that must undergo major modifications before they are "flyable." Planners, therefore, distrust the results and use the automated features of the software sparingly. Additional problems arise due to the lag time between the publication of the Air Tasking Order (ATO) and the start of the ATO day. During this time, conditions change in the dynamic battlespace (aircraft break, runways …
Extracting Mission Semantics From Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Telemetry And Flight Plans, Walter T. Berridge
Extracting Mission Semantics From Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Telemetry And Flight Plans, Walter T. Berridge
Theses and Dissertations
With the acceptance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as a primary platform within the Department of Defense (DOD) for gathering intelligence data, the amount of video information being recorded, analyzed, and archived continues to grow. Mechanisms for quickly locating and retrieving video segments of interest amongst the many hours of recorded video are required to accommodate the rapid turnaround expected in today's wartime planning environments. This research demonstrates that text-based data accompanying UAV video yields sufficient information to identify and create data items that can be indexed to provide for rapid identification and retrieval of video segments of interest. Four …
Global Positioning System (Gps) Error Source Prediction, Marcus G. Ferguson
Global Positioning System (Gps) Error Source Prediction, Marcus G. Ferguson
Theses and Dissertations
With the initiation of the navigation accuracy prediction algorithm used to estimate the amount of GPS solution (location and time) error for receivers, the capability to accurately predict solution errors due to the major GPS error sources is growing. Although some sources of error within the GPS solution have been previously analyzed, modeled, and/or accounted for within various modeling efforts, a formal evaluation of the seven major error sources that distort GPS activity has not been officially conducted up until this point. This research offers a logical assessment of all the major GPS error sources and their definitive impact on …
A Validation Assessment Of The Storm Air-To-Air Prototype Algorithm, David M. Pugh
A Validation Assessment Of The Storm Air-To-Air Prototype Algorithm, David M. Pugh
Theses and Dissertations
A validation assessment of the new STORM air-to-air prototype algorithm is accomplished using structural and output validation techniques. In the structural validation phase, the algorithms, code, and assumptions are evaluated to determine if the implementation of the model will match the intent of the designers. The components of the algorithm are compared to its predecessor, THUNDER, to evaluate if the prototype nnproves upon the weaknesses of THUNDER. In the output validation phase, the results of the model are evaluated to determine the extent to which the implementation of the model matches expected outcomes. Sensitivity analysis is presented to provide insight …
Effects Of Jamming On Radars, Ahmet Okuyucu
Effects Of Jamming On Radars, Ahmet Okuyucu
Theses and Dissertations
Although jamming of radars has been in vogue for nearly 50 years there appears to be no comprehensive report on the subject matter. The purpose of this research is to fill this gap. The methodology consisted of analysis, simulation, and where feasible experimental demonstrations. Experimental equipment consisted of a digital noise generator whose output was used to modulate a high frequency carrier in various fashions. The modulated output was fed into a very sensitive super-heterodyne receiver whose Intermediate frequency (IF) bandwidth could be varied from tens of Hz to mega Hz range. The detected output was displayed on a sampling …
A Pharmacokinetic Study Of The Effects Of Stress On Chemical Exposure, Sierra H. Suhajda
A Pharmacokinetic Study Of The Effects Of Stress On Chemical Exposure, Sierra H. Suhajda
Theses and Dissertations
Following the Gulf War there were many concerns raised about human exposure to the combination of chemicals and stress. Stress causes several changes in basic functions of a human body, from breathing and blood flow changes to hormonal and enzyme changes, and increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Each of these changes can strongly influence chemical uptake, distribution, and accumulation in the body. The purpose of this thesis was to model and predict the changes that will occur when stress is combined with chemical exposure. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is one tool that can be used to visualize, predict, and …
Improving Uav Handling Qualities Using Time Delay Compensation, Andrew J. Thurling
Improving Uav Handling Qualities Using Time Delay Compensation, Andrew J. Thurling
Theses and Dissertations
This research investigated control loop time delay and its effect on UAV handling qualities. Compensation techniques to improve handling qualities in the presence of varying amounts of time delay were developed and analyzed. One technique was selected and successfully flight-tested on a UAV. Flight-testing occurred at a constant flight condition with varying levels of additional time delay introduced into the control loop. Research pilots performed a pitch tracking task and gave Cooper-Harper ratings and comments. Tracking errors were used as a quantitative measure of Pilot/Display/UAV system performance. Predictive pitch compensation was found to significantly reduce pilot workload and improve Cooper-Harper …
Space Range Scheduling And The Lean Aerospace Initiative (Lai), Alan M. Matuszak
Space Range Scheduling And The Lean Aerospace Initiative (Lai), Alan M. Matuszak
Theses and Dissertations
This study describes how lean principles and thinking can be applied to space range operations. The "lean" concepts of the right thing, right place, and the right time are applicable and relevant to this study. The basis for the lean concepts and principles considered is the Lean Aerospace Initiative (LAI). The LAI originated from the International Motor Vehicle Program (IMVP) that was conducted by a team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The LAI is a collaborative research program involving government, industry, labor, and academia (primarily MIT). The partnership began in 1993 through support of the U.S. Air Force …
Collection Of Detonation Signatures And Characterization Of Spectral Features, Jay A. Orson
Collection Of Detonation Signatures And Characterization Of Spectral Features, Jay A. Orson
Theses and Dissertations
The remote observations of the temporal and spectral characteristics of the infrared (IR) emissions from exploding ordnance have been correlated with explosion conditions. A Bomem MR-154 Fourier Transform Interferometer with two detectors, InSb and HgCdTe, and a 75 mrad telescope was used to record spectra in the 1.3 - 20 µm range. Data was collected at spectral resolutions of 16 cm-1 and 4 cm-1 and temporal resolutions of 0.045 s and 0.123 s respectively. Two field tests were conducted: (1) a set of dynamic drop explosions and (2) a series of static detonations. In most events, the temporal …
Hierarchical Interactive Theater Model (Hitm): An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Strategic Effects And Ooda Loops, Richard K. Bullock
Hierarchical Interactive Theater Model (Hitm): An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Strategic Effects And Ooda Loops, Richard K. Bullock
Theses and Dissertations
Airpower's strength lies in being able to quickly strike the enemy directly where they are vulnerable while being unhampered by geography and surface forces. Airpower theory suggests the effects of these strikes propagate throughout an opponent1s military system yielding catastrophic output or strategic effects. Despite this theory being a cornerstone of US Air Force doctrine, current Air Force models do not seem to capture airpower's inherent strength. Since these models are used to support budgetary decision making, the United States may not be funding the airpower capability it needs.
Extensible Markup Language As A Weather Tool, Michael J. Calidonna
Extensible Markup Language As A Weather Tool, Michael J. Calidonna
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis is a proof of concept work that will extend the Core Mapping Application Program Interface (CMAPI) components to include weather data. The CMAPI project is headed by Air Force Research Lab (AFRL)/Information Directorate Information Handling Branch (IFEB) at Rome labs in Rome, New York. This work extends the CMAPI project in two distinct areas. The first goal is to figure out how to overlay and display weather data on a dynamically linked Internet platform. This was accomplished by incorporating existing data from the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) into the CMAPI program in a static environment. The other …
Design And Validation Of An Accurate Gps Signal And Receiver Truth Model For Comparing Advanced Receiver Processing Techniques, Phillip Martin Corbell
Design And Validation Of An Accurate Gps Signal And Receiver Truth Model For Comparing Advanced Receiver Processing Techniques, Phillip Martin Corbell
Theses and Dissertations
Recent increases in the computational power of computers and digital signal processors have made possible new, novel signal tracking techniques in GPS receivers. One such technique is known as Direct Correlators Output Processing (DCOP). This technique replaces individual traditional tracking loops with a single Kalman Filter, which jointly processes the received signals while exploiting their correlated noises. DCOP is innovative in its potential to replace the tried and true classical signal tracking loops. It is also an enabling technology for ultra-tightly coupled GPS/INS (Global Positioning System/Inertial Navigation System). Potential benefits of these new tracking techniques include an order-of-magnitude improvement in …
Chromium Concentration Bias In The Particle Size Distribution Of Primer Overspray, Joseph M. Fox
Chromium Concentration Bias In The Particle Size Distribution Of Primer Overspray, Joseph M. Fox
Theses and Dissertations
Air Force aircraft-painting operations create clouds of paint overspray that contain strontium chromate, a confirmed carcinogen, which poses an exposure hazard to painters. It is often assumed that all particles in paint overspray have the same chemical composition as the original paint mixture, however differences in composition may occur in various particle sizes. Because particle size affects where in the respiratory system a particle deposits, actual exposures to a specific chemical may vary. Paint particles greater than 2.5 µm are deposited in the upper respiratory system and will be eliminated by physiological removal mechanisms. Particles less than 2.5 µm will …
Three-Dimensional Data Visualization Of Electronic Military Intelligence Using The Project Broadsword System, Michael L. Goeringer
Three-Dimensional Data Visualization Of Electronic Military Intelligence Using The Project Broadsword System, Michael L. Goeringer
Theses and Dissertations
Today's military electronic infrastructure solves many problems while creating others. Using computers, battlefield and global awareness is brought to bear through the near real-time linking of sensor platforms from around the globe. These intelligence networks produce vast amounts of data that must be parsed, interpreted, digested and stored by information gathering systems. As the amount of intelligence data continues to increase, these text-based systems become cumbersome and inadequate. To ensure vital information is not overlooked or discovered too late, other forms of intelligence product management and data navigation need to be investigated. This thesis explores procedures for enhancing the capabilities …
Modelling Information Assurance: A Value Focused Thinking Approach, Jonathan Todd Hamill
Modelling Information Assurance: A Value Focused Thinking Approach, Jonathan Todd Hamill
Theses and Dissertations
The information revolution has brought forth new and improved capabilities to rapidly disseminate and employ information in decision-making. These capabilities are critical to the civilian and military infrastructures of the United States, and act as force enhancers and enablers for the Armed Forces. These capabilities, however, often rely upon systems interconnected throughout the world, resulting in potentially increased vulnerability to attack. To add to this problem, elusive, threatening forces (national and transnational) originating from anywhere on the globe are likely to offer opponents less reliant on information technology an asymmetric advantage over information-reliant nations like the United States. To date, …
A Method Of Focusing The Attention Of The Decision-Maker On Uncertain Information, John F. Moesner Iv
A Method Of Focusing The Attention Of The Decision-Maker On Uncertain Information, John F. Moesner Iv
Theses and Dissertations
Military decision-makers need to be able to synthesize large amounts of information quickly and make accurate and timely decisions. However, all too often, when a decision-maker is bombarded with important information that has an uncertainty associated with it, that information is often neglected. One method of dealing with this type of information overload is through proper data orientation. By reducing the clutter of irrelevant information, the proportions of useful and relevant data can be increased. At the same time, the attention of the decision-maker is directed to the critical tasks or centers of gravity. The WATCHDOG Decision Support Tool is …
Leontief Metamodeling For Military Strategic Effects, Anthony W. Snodgrass
Leontief Metamodeling For Military Strategic Effects, Anthony W. Snodgrass
Theses and Dissertations
In this research, we propose and demonstrate an approach to incorporate currently un-modeled interactions into an existing or a new combat model or simulation. We apply the Leontief Input-Output model, which is a macro-economic model that measures the interactions between major industrial sectors of an economy, as a metamodel that periodically assesses the status of various combat units and support functions. If needed resources are insufficient, appropriate degrades are input into the combat model. As a result, dependencies that are not in the combat model are incorporated. Hence, we can assess the strategic or cascading effects of destroying a set …
A Performance Analysis Of A Joint Lmds/ Satellite Communication Network, Ronald J. Zwickel
A Performance Analysis Of A Joint Lmds/ Satellite Communication Network, Ronald J. Zwickel
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research is to provide a performance analysis of a joint terrestrial/ satellite communication network. The systems of interest are the Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) terrestrial system and the proposed Teledesic satellite network. This analysis is performed using the OPNET network simulation tool. Simulations are run for twelve separate scenarios involving three factors which include: number of users, modulation type, and Quality of Service (QoS). The key metrics for characterizing simulation scenarios are the end-to-end delay, bit error rate, and average system throughput. The results obtained display the benefit of improved throughput, approximately 20 Mbps for …
Simulation Evaluation Of The Combat Value Of A Standoff Precision Airdrop Capability, Michael W. Varner
Simulation Evaluation Of The Combat Value Of A Standoff Precision Airdrop Capability, Michael W. Varner
Theses and Dissertations
This project is a simulation evaluation of the developmental standoff precision airdrop (SOPAD) capability. SOPAD is a new technology under consideration to deliver supplies to forward-deployed units using either a semi-rigid wing or a guided parafoil. These delivery systems allow airdrop of supplies from altitudes of 25,000 feet and distances 25 miles from the delivery point. Using global positioning system guidance, on board navigational computers, and automatic steering mechanisms, the delivery system flies to the target following a designated flight plan. The concept includes delivering supplies to remote and potentially hostile areas without endangering the supply aircraft. In addition, supplies …
Network Security Versus Network Connectivity: A Framework For Addressing The Issues Facing The Air Force Medical Community, Franklin E. Cunningham Jr.
Network Security Versus Network Connectivity: A Framework For Addressing The Issues Facing The Air Force Medical Community, Franklin E. Cunningham Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The Air Force has instituted Barrier Reef to protect its networks. The Air Force medical community operates network connections that are incompatible with Barrier Reef. To overcome this problem, OASD(HA) directed the Tri-Service Management Program Office (TIMPO) to develop an architecture that protects all military health systems and allows them to link with all three services and outside partners. This research studied the underlying networking issues and formed a framework based on data from network experts from the Air Force's medical centers and their base network organizations. The findings were compared TIMPO and a composite framework was developed that more …
Information System Incidents: The Development Of A Damage Assessment Model, Mark D. Horony
Information System Incidents: The Development Of A Damage Assessment Model, Mark D. Horony
Theses and Dissertations
Information system (IS) incidents are on the rise. With low manning and undertrained information security specialists it is difficult for organizations to stop IS incidents from occurring. Once an incident has occurred it is the IS manager's responsibility to ensure that a full and accurate damage assessment has been accomplished. However, most IS managers lack the necessary tools to assess the damage from an incident. This exploratory thesis developed an IS incident damage assessment model (DAM) that can be part of the IS manager's tool kit. During the development of the model, it became apparent that the model was supported …
Towards A Game Theory Model Of Information Warfare, David A. Burke
Towards A Game Theory Model Of Information Warfare, David A. Burke
Theses and Dissertations
The repeated game of incomplete information model, a subclass of game theory models, was modified to include aspects of information warfare. The repeated game of incomplete information model was first developed to analyze nuclear weapons disarmament negotiations. The central role of information in this model suggested its applicability to IW, which focuses on the defense and acquisition of information. A randomized experimental design was utilized to determine how people behave in a laboratory IW setting and to test the IW game model's basic predictions. The impact of experience and learning on IW performance was also assessed during the experiment. IW …
An Analysis Of Training Adequacy And Additional Training Requirements As Perceived By Communications And Information Officers, Rex W. Little
An Analysis Of Training Adequacy And Additional Training Requirements As Perceived By Communications And Information Officers, Rex W. Little
Theses and Dissertations
This study explores requirements for additional training Communications and Information officers. This research also looks at the best time to provide training/education in the identified training deficient areas. Training areas and categories were established by two previous theses and were modified by a group of field experts for this research. The following questions were posed in an effort to obtain the perception of officers in the field: (1) What training areas do Communications and information officers feel are deficient? (2) At what point during a Communications and Information officer's career would it be most appropriate to receive training in necessary …
The Privatization Of The Aerospace Guidance And Metrology Center At Newark Air Force Base, Richard H. Fillman Jr.
The Privatization Of The Aerospace Guidance And Metrology Center At Newark Air Force Base, Richard H. Fillman Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The Aerospace Guidance and Metrology Center (AGMC) at Newark AFB was privatized in place as a result of the 1993 BRAC process. This was a first of a kind for the DoD repair depot system. The justification was too much excess depot capacity and by closing Newark the Air Force would rid itself of this excess capacity and obtain savings by privatizing the repair workload. This thesis concentrates on whether excess capacity at AGMC was as large as it was identified and if cost saving had materialized at the depot since the privatization. To determine how well the depot repairs …
Air Force Institute Of Technology Research Report 1998, Air Force Institute Of Technology
Air Force Institute Of Technology Research Report 1998, Air Force Institute Of Technology
AFIT Documents
This report summarizes the research activities of the Air Force Institute of Technology's Graduate School of Engineering and the Graduate School of Logistics and Acquisition Management. It describes research interests and faculty expertise; list student theses/dissertations; identifies research sponsors and contributions; and outlines the procedure for contacting either school.
Evolving Compact Decision Rule Sets, Robert E. Marmelstein
Evolving Compact Decision Rule Sets, Robert E. Marmelstein
Theses and Dissertations
While data mining technology holds the promise of automatically extracting useful patterns (such as decision rules) from data, this potential has yet to be realized. One of the major technical impediments is that the current generation of data mining tools produce decision rule sets that are very accurate, but extremely complex and difficult to interpret. As a result, there is a clear need for methods that yield decision rule sets that are both accurate and compact. The development of the Genetic Rule and Classifier Construction Environment (GRaCCE) is proposed as an alternative to existing decision rule induction (DRI) algorithms. GRaCCE …
Methodology For Integrating The Scenario Databases Of Simulation Systems, Emilia M. Colonese
Methodology For Integrating The Scenario Databases Of Simulation Systems, Emilia M. Colonese
Theses and Dissertations
The use of many different simulation systems by the United States Department of Defense has resulted in many different scenario data representations contained in heterogeneous databases. These heterogeneous databases all represent the same data concept, but have different semantics due to intrinsic variations among the data models. In this research, I describe a unified scenario database to allow interoperability and reuse of the scenario data components while avoiding the problems of data redundancy. Using the object oriented approach, the data and schema of the scenario databases, represented in an object oriented model, are integrated into a global database also represented …
Strategic Effects Of Airpower And Complex Adaptive Agents: An Initial Investigation, Thomas R. Tighe
Strategic Effects Of Airpower And Complex Adaptive Agents: An Initial Investigation, Thomas R. Tighe
Theses and Dissertations
US airpower theory and doctrine depend on the concept that the destruction of a few key targets or centers of gravity can unravel the enemy's physical ability to wage war or break his will to prosecute the war. This synergistic decimation of the enemy's effectiveness and resistance to our political will is known as Strategic Effects. These strategic effects are very difficult to quantify and are not directly accounted for in current DoD computer models. Since these computer models are used to aid with decisions about force structure and budget priorities, many believe that the Air Force's greatest potential contribution …