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Investigational Drugs For The Covid 19 Pandemic - A Concise Review, Reena Sherin Parveen, Shreya Hegde, Veena Nayak Nov 2020

Investigational Drugs For The Covid 19 Pandemic - A Concise Review, Reena Sherin Parveen, Shreya Hegde, Veena Nayak

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The present year saw the emergence of a pandemic Corona Virus Disease of 2019 (COVID 19). The unpreparedness for the pandemic and lack of drugs/vaccine against this virus has led to a high mortality rate across the world. In the process, a number of drugs have been tried against the corona virus including antivirals like remdesivir, lopinavir-ritonavir, and favipiravir, monoclonal antibodies like tocilizumab and sarilumab and antimalarial drugs like chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. At the present time, none of these drugs have reported efficacy against the virus. Here we present a review of all these drugs, their proposed mechanism of action …

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Haplotype Of Rnase 3 Polymorphisms Is Associated With Severe Malaria In An Indian Population, Benudhar Mukhi, Himanshu Gupta, Samuel C. Wassmer, Anupkumar R. Anvikar Nov 2020

Haplotype Of Rnase 3 Polymorphisms Is Associated With Severe Malaria In An Indian Population, Benudhar Mukhi, Himanshu Gupta, Samuel C. Wassmer, Anupkumar R. Anvikar

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Severe malaria (SM) caused by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection has been associated with life-threatening anemia, metabolic acidosis, cerebral malaria and multiorgan dysfunction. It may lead to death if not treated promptly. RNASE 3 has been linked to Pf growth inhibition and its polymorphisms found associated with SM and cerebral malaria in African populations. This study aimed to assess the association of RNASE 3 polymorphisms with SM in an Indian population. RNASE 3 gene and flanking regions were amplified followed by direct DNA sequencing in 151 Indian patients who visited Wenlock District Government Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Allele, genotype and haplotype …

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Strategic Plan For Integrated Care Of Patients With Kidney Failure, David C.H. Harris, Simon J. Davies, Fredric O. Finkelstein, Vivekanand Jha Nov 2020

Strategic Plan For Integrated Care Of Patients With Kidney Failure, David C.H. Harris, Simon J. Davies, Fredric O. Finkelstein, Vivekanand Jha

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There is a huge gap between the number of patients worldwide requiring versus those actually receiving safe, sustainable, and equitable care for kidney failure. To address this, the International Society of Nephrology coordinated the development of a Strategic Plan for Integrated Care of Patients with Kidney Failure. Implementation of the plan will require engagement of the whole kidney community over the next 5–10 years.

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Structural And Molecular Basis Of The Interaction Mechanism Of Selected Drugs Towards Multiple Targets Of Sars-Cov-2 By Molecular Docking And Dynamic Simulation Studies- Deciphering The Scope Of Repurposed Drugs, Sinosh Skariyachan, Dharshini Gopal, Shweta Chakrabarti, Priya Kempanna Nov 2020

Structural And Molecular Basis Of The Interaction Mechanism Of Selected Drugs Towards Multiple Targets Of Sars-Cov-2 By Molecular Docking And Dynamic Simulation Studies- Deciphering The Scope Of Repurposed Drugs, Sinosh Skariyachan, Dharshini Gopal, Shweta Chakrabarti, Priya Kempanna

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The repurposing of FDA approved drugs is presently receiving attention for COVID-19 drug discovery. Previous studies revealed the binding potential of several FDA-approved drugs towards specific targets of SARS-CoV-2; however, limited studies are focused on the structural and molecular basis of interaction of these drugs towards multiple targets of SARS-CoV-2. The present study aimed to predict the binding potential of six FDA drugs towards fifteen protein targets of SARS-CoV-2 and propose the structural and molecular basis of the interaction by molecular docking and dynamic simulation. Based on the literature survey, fifteen potential targets of SARS-CoV-2, and six FDA drugs (Chloroquine, …

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Reduction In Thermal Conductivity And Electrical Resistivity Of Indium And Tellurium Co-Doped Bismuth Selenide Thermoelectric System, Ganesh Shridhar Hegde, A. N. Prabhu, R. Y. Huang, Y. K. Kuo Nov 2020

Reduction In Thermal Conductivity And Electrical Resistivity Of Indium And Tellurium Co-Doped Bismuth Selenide Thermoelectric System, Ganesh Shridhar Hegde, A. N. Prabhu, R. Y. Huang, Y. K. Kuo

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Polycrystalline samples of (Bi1-xInx)2Se2.7Te0.3 (x = 0.00, 0.02, and 0.04) were prepared by the solid-state reaction technique. X-ray diffraction pattern confirms that the polycrystalline samples have a hexagonal structure with spacegroup R3 - m. The surface morphologic study reveals the existence of porous behavior in the studied samples due to the volatilization of Selenium. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis validates the expected and observed elemental composition of the samples. Electrical resistivity has shown metallic behavior. Hall effect and Seebeck coefficient measurements indicate the p-type and n-type conduction for the pristine sample Bi2Se3 and the (Bi1-xInx)2Se2.7Te0.3 samples, respectively. The thermal conductivity and …

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Potential Link Between Compromised Air Quality And Transmission Of The Novel Corona Virus (Sars-Cov-2) In Affected Areas, M. G. Manoj, M. K. Satheesh Kumar, K. T. Valsaraj, C. Sivan Nov 2020

Potential Link Between Compromised Air Quality And Transmission Of The Novel Corona Virus (Sars-Cov-2) In Affected Areas, M. G. Manoj, M. K. Satheesh Kumar, K. T. Valsaraj, C. Sivan

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The emergence of a novel human corona virus disease (COVID-19) has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. One of the mechanisms of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome - corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) amid humans is through direct ejection of droplets via sneezing, coughing and vocalizing. Nevertheless, there are ample evidences of the persistence of infectious viruses on inanimate surfaces for several hours to a few days. Through a critical review of the current literature and a preliminary analysis of the link between SARS-CoV-2 transmission and air pollution in the affected regions, we offer a …

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Regulation Of Social Stress And Neural Degeneration By Activity-Regulated Genes And Epigenetic Mechanisms In Dopaminergic Neurons, Clement Kent, Pavan Agrawal Nov 2020

Regulation Of Social Stress And Neural Degeneration By Activity-Regulated Genes And Epigenetic Mechanisms In Dopaminergic Neurons, Clement Kent, Pavan Agrawal

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Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of both dopaminergic neurons and their accompanying glial cells is of great interest in the search for therapies for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this review, we collate transcriptional and epigenetic changes identified in adult Drosophila melanogaster dopaminergic neurons in response to either prolonged social deprivation or social enrichment, and compare them with changes identified in mammalian dopaminergic neurons during normal development, stress, injury, and neurodegeneration. Surprisingly, a small set of activity-regulated genes (ARG) encoding transcription factors, and a specific pattern of epigenetic marks on gene promoters, are conserved in dopaminergic neurons over …

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Markov Frameworks And Stock Market Decision Making, Kavitha Koppula, Babushri Srinivas Kedukodi, Syam Prasad Kuncham Nov 2020

Markov Frameworks And Stock Market Decision Making, Kavitha Koppula, Babushri Srinivas Kedukodi, Syam Prasad Kuncham

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In this paper, we present applications of Markov rough approximation framework (MRAF). The concept of MRAF is defined based on rough sets and Markov chains. MRAF is used to obtain the probability distribution function of various reference points in a rough approximation framework. We consider a set to be approximated together with its dynamacity and the effect of dynamacity on rough approximations is stated with the help of Markov chains. An extension to Pawlak’s decision algorithm is presented, and it is used for predictions in a stock market environment. In addition, suitability of the algorithm is illustrated in a multi-criteria …

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Congenital Pseudoarthrosis Of The Radius In Neurofibromatosis Type 1: An Entity Not To Be Missed!, Jayakrishnan K. Narayana Kurup, Hitesh H. Shah Nov 2020

Congenital Pseudoarthrosis Of The Radius In Neurofibromatosis Type 1: An Entity Not To Be Missed!, Jayakrishnan K. Narayana Kurup, Hitesh H. Shah

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Congenital pseudoarthrosis of the radius is exceedingly rare. We report an isolated pseudoarthrosis of the radius in a five-year-old girl child with Neurofibromatosis type-I (NF–I). She underwent excision of the pseudoarthrosis tissue, ulna osteotomy, iliac crest cortico-cancellous bone grafting, and K wire fixation of both bones. A sound union of the radius and the ulna was achieved after 4 months. At two-year follow-up, mild shortening of the forearm persisted with maintenance of sound union of both bones. Accurate diagnosis of the condition is central in avoiding complications and the need for complex surgical procedures.

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Conductivity/Electrochemical Study Of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone-Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/I3− Thin Film Electrolyte For Integrated Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells And Supercapacitors, D. N. Sangeetha, Niveditha Hegde, Vidyashri Poojari, Dheeraj Devadiga Nov 2020

Conductivity/Electrochemical Study Of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone-Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/I3− Thin Film Electrolyte For Integrated Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells And Supercapacitors, D. N. Sangeetha, Niveditha Hegde, Vidyashri Poojari, Dheeraj Devadiga

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Abstract: The current era focuses not only on producing solar energy but also preserving it for future use. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) and supercapacitors (SC) are such energy-based devices. DSSCs capture the solar energy and SCs store this captured energy. A natural anthocyanin dye extracted from Garcinia indica (kokum fruit) was used in the DSSCs. SnO2, one of the promising electrode materials for DSSC, was synthesized via a microwave technique. Blend polymer electrolytes (BPE) were prepared through a solution casting technique. A polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend with varying concentrations of potassium iodide, along with iodine dopant, …

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Orthopedic Manifestation As The Presenting Symptom Of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Amrath Raj B K, Kumar Amerendra Singh, Hitesh Shah Nov 2020

Orthopedic Manifestation As The Presenting Symptom Of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Amrath Raj B K, Kumar Amerendra Singh, Hitesh Shah

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Introduction: The diagnosis of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is delayed due to vague presentation and normal hematological investigations. Objective: The objectives were to identify the frequency of ALL cases presented to the orthopedic department and with normal hematological investigations. Material and methods: 250 consecutive ALL cases were retrospectively evaluated to identify cases with musculoskeletal manifestations, and laboratory investigations. Results: Twenty-two patients (4- vertebral compression fractures, 12- joint pain, 6- bone pain), presented primarily to the orthopedic department. Six patients had a normal peripheral smear. Conclusion: The primary physician should maintain a high index of suspicion despite a normal peripheral smear.

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Histopathological Spectrum Of Non-Neoplastic And Neoplastic Lesions Of Thyroid: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study, Dilasma Ghartimagar, Arnab Ghosh, Manish Kiran Shrestha, Sushma Thapa Nov 2020

Histopathological Spectrum Of Non-Neoplastic And Neoplastic Lesions Of Thyroid: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study, Dilasma Ghartimagar, Arnab Ghosh, Manish Kiran Shrestha, Sushma Thapa

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Introduction: Thyroid gland lesions are the most common endocrine disorders encountered glob-ally. Diseases of the thyroid gland present with either an alteration of hormone secretion or as an enlargement of the thyroid gland. The objective of the study is to find the frequency of different thyroid lesions. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara from Jan 2005 to Jan 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Ref: 330). Patients who had undergone thyroidectomy procedures for both non-neoplastic and neoplastic thyroid lesions were enrolled. Convenient sampling was done. IBM Statistical Package for Social …

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Evaluation Of Cytotoxicity And Antibacterial Activity Of A New Class Of Silver Citrate-Based Compounds As Endodontic Irrigants, Luigi Generali, Carlo Bertoldi, Alessandro Bidossi, Clara Cassinelli Nov 2020

Evaluation Of Cytotoxicity And Antibacterial Activity Of A New Class Of Silver Citrate-Based Compounds As Endodontic Irrigants, Luigi Generali, Carlo Bertoldi, Alessandro Bidossi, Clara Cassinelli

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In the present study, the cytotoxicity and the antimicrobial activity of two silver citrate-based irrigant solutions were investigated. Cytotoxicity of various concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%) of both solutions (BioAKT and BioAKT Endo) was assessed on L-929 mouse fibroblasts using the MTT assay. For the quantitative analysis of components, an infrared (I.R.) spectroscopy was performed. The minimum inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentrations (M.I.C. and M.B.C., respectively) were ascertained on Enterococcus faecalis strain ATCC 4083. For biofilm susceptibility after treatment with the irrigating agent, a minimum biofilm eradication concentration (M.B.E.C.) and confocal laser scanning microscope (C.L.S.M.) assays were performed. Quantification …

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‘Vanishing Carpal Bones’ In A Patient With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia – A Diagnostic Dilemma, K. Siddarth Kamath, K. N. Jayakrishnan, Ashwath Acharya, Anil K. Bhat Nov 2020

‘Vanishing Carpal Bones’ In A Patient With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia – A Diagnostic Dilemma, K. Siddarth Kamath, K. N. Jayakrishnan, Ashwath Acharya, Anil K. Bhat

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The vanishing bone disease, also known as Gorhams disease usually involves long bones. Isolated carpal bone involvement is uncommon. A 14 year old male presented with pain in the right wrist joint since 4 months. He was a known case of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia on oral steroids for 3 years. X-rays showed deformed arthritic scaphoid, lunate and capitate. A proximal row carpectomy was performed to provide functional wrist mobility to the patient. Histopathological examination was consistent with Gorham's disease. In a patient with systemic disease receiving steroid therapy Gorhams disease poses a diagnostic challenge.

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Evaluation Of Asphalt Mixtures’ Resistance To Cement-Treated Base (Ctb) Reflective Cracking In The Laboratory, Husam Sadek, Marwa Hassan, Charles Berryman, Mohammad Hossain, Ipshit Idris Nov 2020

Evaluation Of Asphalt Mixtures’ Resistance To Cement-Treated Base (Ctb) Reflective Cracking In The Laboratory, Husam Sadek, Marwa Hassan, Charles Berryman, Mohammad Hossain, Ipshit Idris

Data

The primary objective of this project is to propose a laboratory setup to test and evaluate an asphalt mixture layer on top of a simulated Cement-Treated Base (CTB) layer against reflective cracking. An in-depth literature review on the experimental studies that were conducted throughout the world to investigate the resistance of asphalt mixtures to reflective cracking was conducted. Texas Transportation Institute (TTI) Overlay Tester (OT) was found to be the most appropriate equipment to study thermally-induced reflective cracking in the laboratory, and thereby was selected to be modified and used to assess the performance of asphalt mixtures on top of …

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Evaluation Of Bagasse Ash As Cement And Sand Replacement For The Production Of Engineered Cementitious Composites (Ecc), Gabriel Arce, Marwa Hassan, Sujata Subedi, Ana Rivas, Samantha Hidalgo, Hugo Eguez Nov 2020

Evaluation Of Bagasse Ash As Cement And Sand Replacement For The Production Of Engineered Cementitious Composites (Ecc), Gabriel Arce, Marwa Hassan, Sujata Subedi, Ana Rivas, Samantha Hidalgo, Hugo Eguez

Data

The objective of this study was to develop novel Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) materials implementing sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA). To this end, the effects on the mechanical and physical properties of ECC materials of: (1) Louisiana raw SCBA (RBA) as a partial and complete replacement of sand (i.e., class S mixtures); (2) Louisiana post-processed SCBA (PBA) as a partial replacement of cement (i.e., class C mixtures); and (3) Ecuador raw SCBA (EBA) as a partial and complete replacement of sand (i.e., class S-E mixtures) were studied. Sand replacement levels with RBA and EBA evaluated were 25, 50, 75, and 100% …

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Rails To Resilience: Evaluating New Orleans And Baton Rouge Rail Terminals And Transit Links, Tara M. Tolford, James Amdal, Guang Tian, Alahna Moore, Marin Tockman Nov 2020

Rails To Resilience: Evaluating New Orleans And Baton Rouge Rail Terminals And Transit Links, Tara M. Tolford, James Amdal, Guang Tian, Alahna Moore, Marin Tockman

Data

This study evaluates the multimodal linkages to and opportunities for proposed terminal sites for a potential future passenger rail connection between Baton Rouge and New Orleans, Louisiana. The project included a comprehensive analysis of recent planning processes and documents and distribution of a statewide survey aimed at understanding ridership potential (including non-work trips) and the needs of likely users, the results of which were modeled to illuminate key considerations for service design and station area planning. This study finds a strong foundation for, and support of, the proposed rail service, but distinct deficiencies in the current multimodal transportation environment connecting …

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Engineered Geopolymer Composites (Egcs) For Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure, Gabriel Arce, Marwa Hassan, Svetlana Sukhishvili, Ruwa Abufarsakh, Oscar Huang, Sang Zhen, Mauricio Cornejo, Haci Baykara Nov 2020

Engineered Geopolymer Composites (Egcs) For Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure, Gabriel Arce, Marwa Hassan, Svetlana Sukhishvili, Ruwa Abufarsakh, Oscar Huang, Sang Zhen, Mauricio Cornejo, Haci Baykara

Data

The objective of this study was to develop novel Engineered Geopolymer Composite (EGC) materials implementing locally available ingredients to produce practical and cost-effective EGCs for repair and new construction of transportation infrastructure in the region. To this end, geopolymers (GPs) were synthesized by alkali activation of metakaolin (MK) or a combination of metakaolin and fly ash (MKFA) as GP precursors. MK-GPs were activated using sodium silicate and potassium silicate solutions prepared by dissolving silica fume (SiO2) and KOH or NaOH in deionized water. MKFA-GPs replaced silica fume using fly ash and were activated using only KOH solution. GP …

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Corrosion Management System Of Regional Reinforced Concrete (Rc) Bridges, Homero Castaneda, Ayman Okeil Nov 2020

Corrosion Management System Of Regional Reinforced Concrete (Rc) Bridges, Homero Castaneda, Ayman Okeil

Data

Civil infrastructure assets, including buildings, transportation networks, energy grids and networks, and water-sewer systems, are critical functional components of day-to-day life activity in a modern society. The durability and reliability of these civil infrastructures are largely affected by corrosion-induced structural deterioration. In addition to continual use and increasing traffic demands, natural environmental conditions set degradation due to corrosion damage as a critical condition to durable and reliable infrastructures. Therefore, in order to improve the durability of the bridge infrastructures affected by corrosion in the most efficient manor, we propose a procedure/methodology to manage integrity of corroding RC bridges which is …

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Enhancing The Performance Of Asphalt Mixtures Containing High Rap Content With The Use Of Different Wma Technologies, Husam Sadek, Marwa Hassan, Charles Berryman, Mohammad Hossain, Farah Zaremotekhases Nov 2020

Enhancing The Performance Of Asphalt Mixtures Containing High Rap Content With The Use Of Different Wma Technologies, Husam Sadek, Marwa Hassan, Charles Berryman, Mohammad Hossain, Farah Zaremotekhases

Data

The production of Warm-mix asphalt mixtures in conjunction with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has received considerable interest in recent years for economic and environmental reasons. The primary objective of this project is to enhance the performance of asphalt mixtures containing RAP in Region 6 using different WMA technologies. In this project, the effect of utilizing 0%, 25%, and 35% RAP contents on the performance of different WMA mixtures against rutting, moisture damage, and fatigue cracking are evaluated. The effects of the WMA technologies on the rutting performance of the asphalt mixtures and recovered binders were investigated using loaded wheel tracker …

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Bridge Deck Inspection Using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Based Airborne Imaging Techniques, Su Zhang, Shirley Baros, Susan Bogus Nov 2020

Bridge Deck Inspection Using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Based Airborne Imaging Techniques, Su Zhang, Shirley Baros, Susan Bogus

Data

As one of critical components of a transportation infrastructure system, bridges are very important to a country’s economy because they provide passage over physical obstacles to substantially reduce travel time and travel cost. Similar to other types of transportation infrastructure, bridges deteriorate over time. Therefore, bridges should be routinely inspected to ensure their serviceability, capacity, and safety under current traffic. Subsequently, transportation agencies at all levels (e.g., federal, state, local, and tribal) dedicate large amounts of time and money to routinely monitor and inspect bridge conditions as part of their infrastructure asset management programs. These transportation agencies use the collected …

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Development Of A Low Power, Low Cost Rural Railway Intersection Smart Detection And Warning System, Sara Ahmed, Samer Dessouky, Raymond Downing Nov 2020

Development Of A Low Power, Low Cost Rural Railway Intersection Smart Detection And Warning System, Sara Ahmed, Samer Dessouky, Raymond Downing

Data

This project explores a different approach to provide preemptive warning for train detection at grade-crossings to increase safety and reduce motor vehicle congestion. The development of a novel, low cost, low power, and off rail right-of-way (ROW) detection and warning system will be presented. A background of track circuits, which is the rail industries standard for train detection, will also be provided to highlight the benefits and challenges of the rail industry installing a system at every grade-crossings that lack any type of active warning. The benefits of using thermal imaging instead of traditional video for computer vision will also …

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Modeling And Control Of Tray Temperature Along With Column Pressure In A Pilot Plant Distillation Column, Janani Rajaraman, Thirunavukkarasu Indiran, Eadala Sarath Yadav, Shanmuga Priya Selvanathan Nov 2020

Modeling And Control Of Tray Temperature Along With Column Pressure In A Pilot Plant Distillation Column, Janani Rajaraman, Thirunavukkarasu Indiran, Eadala Sarath Yadav, Shanmuga Priya Selvanathan

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A simple control technique based on centralized and decentralized structure is discussed here for a tray temperature along with pressure developed inside the column for a pilot plant distillation column. The flow rate of vapor condenser cooling water is used to control the pressure (P) developed inside the column. The flow rate of the water to condense the vapor increases, when the column pressure increases and vice versa. Some of the other factor that has an impact on the column pressure is the boil-up rate, rate of reflux ow, feed rate, set point change in composition. The internal reflux and …

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Efficiency Of Galanti And Guisti Method Of Ada Estimation In Comparison With The Gold Standard, Manasa Reddy Dubba, V. Ramyashree, S. S. Harshitha, Monalisa Biswas Nov 2020

Efficiency Of Galanti And Guisti Method Of Ada Estimation In Comparison With The Gold Standard, Manasa Reddy Dubba, V. Ramyashree, S. S. Harshitha, Monalisa Biswas

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Background: Adenosine Deaminase, the key enzyme of purine metabolism catalyzing the irreversible hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine is implicated in a varied spectrum of human diseases ranging from SCID to TB and pneumonia. Estimation of ADA offers an easy, relatively affordable and reliable diagnostic alternative and/ or adjunct (specially in a TB endemic nation) which emphasizes the necessity of a feasible and implementable alternative method to the Diazyme method of ADA estimation requiring high end autoanalyzer and infrastructural setup. Methods: Sixty body fluids samples (irrespective of gender, age, diagnosis or sample type) received by the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Kasturba …

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Paediatric Unicystic Ameloblastoma - A Report Of 2 Cases, Spoorti Kulkarni, Subhalakshmi Sen, Chetana Chandrashekar, Venkadasalapathi Narayanaswamy Nov 2020

Paediatric Unicystic Ameloblastoma - A Report Of 2 Cases, Spoorti Kulkarni, Subhalakshmi Sen, Chetana Chandrashekar, Venkadasalapathi Narayanaswamy

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Unicytic ameloblastoma is a variant of ameloblastoma encompassing about 6% of ameloblastomas. They represent cystic lesions that reveal clinical and radiographic features of a cyst, but the histopathological features demonstrate a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining the cyst. Plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma, a variant of unicystic ameloblastoma refers to the pattern of proliferation where one or more nodules of ameloblastomatous epithelium project from the cystic lining into the lumen demonstrating an edematous plexiform pattern. The lesion is seen more commonly in the third and fourth decades of life with less than 10% of cases being reported in the first decade. Here, we …

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Efficacy Of Lignocaine With Buprenorphine Versus Lignocaine In The Management Of Postoperative Pain After Minor Oral Surgical Procedures: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Anupam Singh, Srikanth Gadicherla, Komal Smriti, Kalyana C. Pentapati Nov 2020

Efficacy Of Lignocaine With Buprenorphine Versus Lignocaine In The Management Of Postoperative Pain After Minor Oral Surgical Procedures: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Anupam Singh, Srikanth Gadicherla, Komal Smriti, Kalyana C. Pentapati

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We aimed to review the efficacy of lignocaine with buprenorphine versus lignocaine alone in the management of postoperative pain after minor oral surgical procedures. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of use of lignocaine with buprenorphine versus lignocaine for intra-oral procedures were included by searching multiple databases. Outcomes assessed were onset of the time of anesthesia in seconds, duration of postoperative analgesia, postoperative pain (maximal follow-up), the number of rescue analgesics required, and adverse events. The search strategy yielded 167 publications for the title and abstract screening out of which only two trials were included for full-text screening. There was …

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Is The Proteome Of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Extracellular Vesicles A Marker Of Advanced Lung Cancer?, Ana Sofia Carvalho, Maria Carolina Strano Moraes, Chan Hyun Na, Ivo Fierro-Monti Nov 2020

Is The Proteome Of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Extracellular Vesicles A Marker Of Advanced Lung Cancer?, Ana Sofia Carvalho, Maria Carolina Strano Moraes, Chan Hyun Na, Ivo Fierro-Monti

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Acellular bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) proteomics can partially separate lung cancer from non-lung cancer patients based on principal component analysis and multivariate analysis. Furthermore, the variance in the proteomics data sets is correlated mainly with lung cancer status and, to a lesser extent, smoking status and gender. Despite these advances BAL small and large extracellular vehicles (EVs) proteomes reveal aberrant protein expression in paracrine signaling mechanisms in cancer initiation and progression. We consequently present a case-control study of 24 bronchoalveolar lavage extracellular vesicle samples which were analyzed by state-of-the-art liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). We obtained evidence that BAL EVs proteome complexity …

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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5n1) Landscape Suitability Varies By Wetland Habitats And The Degree Of Interface Between Wild Waterfowl And Poultry In India, Michael G. Walsh, Siobhan M. Mor, Shah Hossain Nov 2020

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5n1) Landscape Suitability Varies By Wetland Habitats And The Degree Of Interface Between Wild Waterfowl And Poultry In India, Michael G. Walsh, Siobhan M. Mor, Shah Hossain

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, subtype H5N1, constitutes one of the world’s most important health and economic concerns given the catastrophic impact of epizootics on the poultry industry, the high mortality attending spillover in humans, and its potential as a source subtype for a future pandemic. Nevertheless, we still lack an adequate understanding of HPAI H5N1 epidemiology and infection ecology. The nature of the wild waterfowl–poultry interface, and the sharing of diverse wetland habitat among these birds, currently underscore important knowledge gaps. India has emerged as a global hotspot for HPAI H5N1, while also providing critical wintering habitat for …

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Performance Of Molecular And Serologic Tests For The Diagnosis Of Scrub Typhus, Kavitha Kannan, Rebecca John, Debasree Kundu, Divya Dayanand Nov 2020

Performance Of Molecular And Serologic Tests For The Diagnosis Of Scrub Typhus, Kavitha Kannan, Rebecca John, Debasree Kundu, Divya Dayanand

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Diagnosis of scrub typhus, caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi, is challenging because of the overlap of its non-specific symptoms with other infections coupled with the lack of sufficient data on the performance of diagnostic tests. Early diagnosis of scrub typhus is crucial to improve outcomes and this study evaluates the diagnostic performance of various tests. The present study aims at assessing the accuracy of various rapid diagnostic tests, serologic tests, and nucleic acid amplification methods on well-characterized patient samples. Adult patients with acute febrile illness and manifestations suggestive of scrub typhus confirmed by positive PCR in the blood, eschar …

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Overview Of Extensively Employed Polymeric Carriers In Solid Dispersion Technology, Athira R. Nair, Yarlagadda Dani Lakshman, Vullendula Sai Krishna Anand, K. S.Navya Sree Nov 2020

Overview Of Extensively Employed Polymeric Carriers In Solid Dispersion Technology, Athira R. Nair, Yarlagadda Dani Lakshman, Vullendula Sai Krishna Anand, K. S.Navya Sree

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Solid dispersion is the preferred technology to prepare efficacious forms of BCS class-II/IV APIs. To prepare solid dispersions, there exist a wide variety of polymeric carriers with interesting physicochemical and thermochemical characteristics available at the disposal of a formulation scientist. Since the advent of the solid dispersion technology in the early 1960s, there have been more than 5000 scientific papers published in the subject area. This review discusses the polymeric carrier properties of most extensively used polymers PVP, Copovidone, PEG, HPMC, HPMCAS, and Soluplus® in the solid dispersion technology. The literature trends about preparation techniques, dissolution, and stability improvement are …

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