Entire DC Network | Open Access Articles | Digital Commons Network™

Development Of Children's Knowledge About The Mind, John H. Flavell

Heinz Werner Lectures

An Overview of Theory-of-Mind Development, Development of Intuitions About Mental Experiences

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Center For Psychological Studies 2003-2004 Catalog, Nova Southeastern University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Center For Psychological Studies 2003-2004 Catalog, Nova Sounteastern University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Goal Orientation And Feedback Sign As Predictors Of Changes In Motivation And Performance, Erin Michele Richard

LSU Master's Theses

This study examined the dimensions of goal orientation as moderators of the effects of feedback sign on changes in self-efficacy, effort, and performance over time. In general, the effect of feedback sign on changes in self-efficacy, effort, and performance was hypothesized to be strong for individuals high on performance goal orientation (PGO) and weak for individuals high on learning goal orientation (LGO). Participants completed several performance blocks of an implicit learning task that required individuals to control the temperature of a simulated chemical reactor. Participants were given manipulated normative feedback after each trial. Self-efficacy, effort, and performance were assessed at …

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The Impact Of Parents' Implementation Of A Structured Parent Reading Program On Their Children's Reading Fluency, Jennifer Luella Resetar

LSU Master's Theses

This study investigated the effectiveness of a method of parent training and parent reading tutoring that built on past research. Parents of five first grade children, who were reading below grade level, participated. Parents were trained to implement a three-week tutoring procedure that included modeling, practice, phonics, fluency, accuracy, comprehension, and reinforcement components. According to permanent product examination, parent intervention implementation never fell below 82% integrity. A multiple baseline across participants design was used to analyze results. According to visual analysis, four of the five children showed significant gains in words correct per minute on tutored reading passages. There was …

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Factors Influencing The Effects Of Realistic Job Previews On Applicant Judgments Of Organizational Attractiveness, Natalie Trask Bourgeois

LSU Master's Theses

Realistic job previews (RJPs) involve the presentation of both positive and negative job attributes to job applicants. Although several researchers have studied effects of RJPs on satisfaction, turnover, and performance, comparatively less research has focused on the effects of RJPs on attraction. This study extends previous RJP research by sampling both students who are education majors and currently employed teachers. It compared their ratings of attraction to organizations represented by an RJP or a traditional job preview (TJP). In addition, both teachers and education students completed a measure of negative affectivity (NA). Contrary to expectations, results of this study showed …

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"You Just Give Them What They Want And Pray They Don’T Kill You”: Street-Level Sex Workers’ Reports Of Victimization, Personal Resources And Coping Strategies, Rochelle L. Dalla Dr., Yan Xia, Heather Kennedy

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Using both qualitative (in-depth, personal interviews) and quantitative (self-report survey indices) techniques, data were collected from 43 women involved in streetwalking prostitution. The purpose of the investigation was to examine exposure to violence and victimization among a particularly vulnerable female population across the life span. A secondary goal was to apply stress theory as an organizing frameworkfor examining personal resources (e.g., social support, locus of control) and coping behavior. Results from both data collection strategies are presented, and implications for intervention are described.

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Recovery From Substance Abuse: The Role Of Unsupportive Social Interactions, Michelle Marie Schmitt

Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACTRECOVERY FROM SUBSTANCE ABUSE: THE ROLE OF UNSUPPORTIVE SOCIAL INTERATIONSBy Michelle M. Schmitt, M.A., M.S. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003Major Director: Kathleen M. Ingram, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology It has been estimated that over 20 million individuals struggle with substance abuse and/or dependence each year. Theories of addiction and recovery have long incorporated the notion of social support and helping relationships to facilitate adjustment. However, the literature investigating the role of social support is fraught with contradictions. In addition, in …

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The Experiences Of International Students At An Australian University: An Exploratory Qualitative Study, Andrea Halse

Theses : Honours

The number of international students studying in Australia has steadily increased over the last ten years providing many benefits both to the country and Australian universities. However, little is known about the transition experiences of these students and there has been little acknowledgment of the issues facing students adjusting to a new environment and learning context. Typical issues that international students encounter include; language difficulties, homesickness, culture shock, lack of background knowledge and skills, housing difficulties, developing new social relationships and adapting to their new environment. Much of the research has been in the form of questionnaires and surveys focusing …

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Self-Esteem, Sex Differences, And Self-Disclosure: A Study Of The Closeness Of Relationships, Christien Marie Seamon

All Volumes (2001-2008)

It was hypothesized that self-esteem, sex, and relationship closeness would affect self-disclosure. Participants imagined either a best friend or a casual acquaintance while completing a modified version of the Marital Self-Disclosure Questionnaire (MSDQ; Waring, Holden, & Wesley, 1998). The MSDQ measured four facets of self-disclosure: relationship, sex, money, and imbalance. Self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965). In general, self-disclosure was greater for females than for males and in close relationships than in distant relationships. There were no differences in self-disclosure between high and low self-esteem individuals. In close relationships, females disclosed more than did males; in distant …

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The Retention And Persistence Support (Raps) Project: A Transition Initiative, Dawn Darlaston-Jones, Lynne Cohen, Suena Haunold, Lisbeth Pike, Alison Young, Neil Drew

Research outputs pre 2011

The transition to university is often associated with stress, anxiety, and tension and in many cases can lead to students failing or withdrawing from university. Transition problems result in high social and economic costs to families and the community. The past decade has seen a proliferation of transition strategies across universities. Results from evaluations of these transition programmes suggest student retention rates are significantly higher among those students involved in these programmes. The emphasis now though is to develop school or department based programmes as these are more readily adapted to meet the specific needs of students than university wide …

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Are They Being Served? Student Expectations Of Higher Education, Dawn Darlaston-Jones, Lisbeth Pike, Lynne Cohen, Alison Young, Suena Haunold, Neil Drew

Research outputs pre 2011

The current climate in tertiary education places students as primary consumers. As such, students are becoming more conscious of their customer rights and of gaps between their expectations of service delivery and the reality of that service. Not only does this service gap present a quality assurance challenge for universities, it is also likely to contribute to student withdrawal. In week one of the first semester 2001, a sample of 56 first year psychology students volunteered to complete the SERVQUAL questionnaire (Riddings, Sidhu, & Pokarier, 2000) to assess their expectations of university in terms of academic and Administrative staff. The …

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Teaching And Learning Online For The First Time: Student And Coordinator Perspectives, Lauren Breen, Lynne Cohen, Paul Chang

Research outputs pre 2011

In recent years the higher education sector has moved towards the flexible delivery of individual units and entire courses. As a result, online delivery methods are becoming increasingly common. In this paper we describe students’ and unit-coordinators’ views concerning teaching and learning online for the first time in an introductory psychology unit. Using an action learning approach, views were ascertained through a focus group, messages posted on the online discussion boards, a survey, and coordinator reflections. The results indicate that the current online design of the unit does little to actively engage students in the learning process. We argue that …

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Using A Student Centred Approach In A Large Class Context, Dawn Darlaston-Jones, Lynne Cohen

Research outputs pre 2011

Teaching large classes has become a reality for most courses in Australian universities. While many academics recognise the benefits to students and themselves of using alternative teaching methodologies, many resort to the traditional formal lecture approach when it comes to teaching large classes. This paper examines the tension between providing a meaningful learning experience for university students and the constraints of increased class sizes. Presented as a case study, it challenges the assumptions of staff and students in terms of what constitutes an appropriate learning environment and identifies strategies that could usefully be transferred from a small class to a …

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Using Multimedia Elements To Change Student Mental Models Of Colour Vision Deficiency, Romana Pospisil, Susan Stoney

Research outputs pre 2011

The online environment offers many opportunities for students to interact with each other, with unit materials and resources, and for lecturers to inform students of issues regarding their main course of study. One of the weaknesses of teaching and learning in the online mode, however, is that lecturers have difficulty in identifying misconceptions and imperfect mental models in their students. This paper reports on a study being conducted by at Edith Cowan University in the use of small e-learning modules developed in Quicktime video to change or strengthen students' mental models - in this case their mental model of Colour …

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(2003) Power, Manipulation, And Control In A Community Of Inquiry, Pavel Lushyn, David K. Kennedy

Collected Papers of David Kennedy

In a previous paper, we introduced the notion of pedagogical imposition, and argued for its importance in understanding the psychodynamics of community of inquiry (CI). Practitioners of Cl usually define themselves as engaged in a liberatory pedagogy - that is, a form of teaching which avoids imposition on or manipulation of students. This paper will argue that, if we view the classroom as a system, this is a naive assumption. This argument is based, in turn, on our assumption that, first, any interactive system involves relations of power; and second, that any specifically pedagogical system involves unequal relations of power. …

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(2003) Notes From The Field: Card Games, Roughhousing, Traffic Jams & Thunderstorms, David K. Kennedy

Collected Papers of David Kennedy

The following discussion was recorded in April 2003 in a second grade classroom at Edgemont School, Montclair, New Jersey. it was one of a series of 16 conversations on the topic of "conflict," conducted in two second grades and two fifth grades, and led by three separate facilitators. This conversation was facilitated by David Kennedy, a faculty member at Montclair State University and staff member of the IAPC.

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Monitoring In Event-Based Prospective Memory Tasks, Dale Watkins Cockman

LSU Master's Theses

Event based prospective memory (PM) refers to remembering to perform a particular action upon the presentation of a particular cue in the environment. Until recently, most models of event-based PM performance have suggested that the realization of the target event occurs automatically. The DARC model (Smith, 2000) is among the first to suggest that monitoring is required to notice the target event, in the form of a consistent, non-strategic dedication of resources. The predictions of the DARC model are contrasted with those of Einstein & McDaniel (Noticing + Search, 1996), Goschke & Kuhl (1996), Ellis (1996). The pilot study and …

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Heavy Smokers Choose Large, Immediate Rewards With Large Penalties On A Simulated Task Of Gambling, Michael Shawn Businelle

LSU Master's Theses

The Gambling Task is a complex neuropsychological test (in the form of a card game) that examines the ability of individuals to assess potential immediate gains over long-term losses. Gambling Task performance has been examined in previous studies with individuals who are dependent on alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and amphetamine. These studies have shown that those who are dependent on the aforementioned substances perform more poorly on the Gambling Task than controls. Specifically, in relation to controls, drug/alcohol dependent individuals show impairment by tending to pick more cards that have large immediate gains and very large delayed punishers. The delayed punisher …

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An Evaluation Of Distributed Practice Using Constant Time Delay In The Acquisition Of Sight Words With Children, Kashunda Lynn Williams

LSU Master's Theses

Although, distributed practice has been demonstrated to be superior to massed practice for learning, studies examining the degree of distribution needed to obtain this effect remain lacking. This study extends prior research by (1) determining if there is a difference in distributed practice schedules, when the total time to practice remains constant, (2) determining which schedule produces the superior amount of learning, and (3) determining which schedule produces superior retention of learned materials across time. Study participants were general education elementary school students referred for reading assistance. The constant time delay procedure was used to teach the participants sight words. …

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The Relationship Of Feeding Problems With The Use Of Antiepileptic Medication Among Persons With Severe And Profound Mental Retardation, Rinita B. Laud

LSU Master's Theses

Epilepsy and/or seizure activity are frequently occurring phenomena and a significant co-morbid condition for persons with severe to profound intellectual disability (Burke, McKee, Pathak, Donahue, Parasuraman & Baltenhorst, 1999). The majority of seizure activity leads to deficits across a number of social, physical,occupational, and personal variables, and if left untreated, may lead to death in these individuals. The treatment of this condition frequently utilizes anti-epileptic medication, but these medications are often associated with a variety of side effects such as dental complications and disturbed gait. Previous researchers have suggested that these side effects may be manifested in forms of maladaptive …

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Major And Minor Life Events As Predictors Of Medical Utilization, Gareth R. Dutton

LSU Master's Theses

Research suggests stressful life events can negatively influence physical and mental health in a number of ways. While previous research indicates both major and minor life events contribute unique variance to the prediction of physical and mental symptoms, little research has examined the relationships of both major and minor life events with medical utilization. The current study included a predominantly African American, low-income sample of adults (N = 207) attending two primary care outpatient clinics and assessed their experience of both major and minor life events over the course of one year. Medical utilization data were collected over a subsequent …

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Relative Efficacy Of School-Home Notes With And Without Response Cost In Impoverished Elementary School Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Andrea Nichole Jurbergs

LSU Master's Theses

Daily report cards and punishment have proven to be effective methods of classroom behavior management. However, treatment effectiveness studies have not been designed to adequately compare the effects of rewarding and punishing consequences on behavior through a school-home note. The study of school-home note treatment effectiveness has focused on middle-class students with behavior problems; both ADHD and disadvantaged populations have been underresearched. Using a reversal, alternating treatments design, the present study will examine the effectiveness of a response-cost system added to school-home notes for increasing classwork completion and appropriate classroom behavior in several disadvantaged elementary school children with ADHD.

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Evaluation Of Computerized Reading Intervention, Jennifer Lynne Koenig

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-based reading intervention with eight elementary school children. This program, called the Reading Center, utilizes repeated reading, listening passage preview, word drills, and comprehension questions. A multiple baseline design was used to evaluate the intervention effects on oral reading fluency. Results indicated growth in all eight children, with increases between 8.7 and 20 words per week for intervention passages. The implications of the results for the use of computer-delivered interventions are discussed.

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Self-Management And Social Skills Training For Persons With Developmental Disabilities: Tools For The Rehabilitation Counselor To Facilitate Success In Community Settings: A Literature Review, Tina M. Anctil Peterman, Charles Edmund Degeneffe

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

People with developmental disabilities often display deficiencies in self-management and social skills in community based settings. Difficulties with self-management and social skills tend to pose particular difficulties for performing valued adult roles. Tools from behavior therapy have the potential to assist rehabilitation counselors in their work with consumers with developmental disabilities to overcome the negative impacts of functional limitations on expressing behaviors needed for success in community-based settings. This article presents a review of the behavior therapy literature regarding self-management and social skills training techniques rehabilitation counselors can use in their work with consumers with developmental disabilities in areas including …

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Online Detection Of Tonal Pop-Out In Modulating Contexts, Petr Janata, Jeffrey L. Birk, Barbara Tillmann, Jamshed J. Bharucha

Dartmouth Scholarship

We investigated the spontaneous detection of "wrong notes" in a melody that modulated continuously through all 24 major and minor keys. Three variations of the melody were composed, each of which had distributed within it 96 test tones of the same pitch, for example, A2. Thus, the test tones would blend into some keys and pop out in others. Participants were not asked to detect or judge specific test tones; rather, they were asked to make a response whenever they heard a note that they thought sounded wrong or out of place. This task enabled us to obtain subjective measures …

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Clinical And Forensic Outcomes From The Illinois Mental Health Juvenile Justice Initiative, Michael Jenuwine, John S. Lyons, Gene Griffin, Sharon Quintenz, Michelle Shasha

Articles by Maurer Faculty

To address the mental health needs of youths who are arrested and detained in Illinois, an initiative was designed and implemented that identified youths with psychotic or affective disorders, linked them to community services, and monitored their cases. This study assessed whether such linkage is possible and whether it improves clinical and forensic outcomes. METHODS: Under the initiative, court staff refer youths who may have a mental illness to a clinical liaison. If the youth is eligible for the program, the liaison works with the family to develop a community-based action plan. For the analysis presented here, the Child and …

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An Exploration Of Psychological Sense Of Community In Western Australian School Children Aged 7-8 Years, Debra K. Roberts

Theses : Honours

The current exploratory study examined Psychological Sense of Community (PSOC) in 16 Western Australian school children, between the ages of seven and eight from two schools in the Perth metropolitan region. The aim was to identify whether young children understand the concept of PSOC, within their school environment. A qualitative methodology using semi-structured interviews was employed. Questions were generated based on the Neighbourhood Youth Inventory (NYI) and the Sense of Community Index (SCI), as a measure of children's PSOC in their school environment. A thematic content analysis was performed using a question ordered matrix, to compile common themes and meanings …

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Community Integration And Normalization, Janice Eileen Cunningham

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Utilizing archived data for 650 individuals, psychosocial variables were examined to elucidate the effect of deinstitutionalization on success of community integration. Deinstitutionalization has been blamed for a host of societal ills including the burgeoning homeless population and for overcrowding in prisons. Many claim that deinstitutionalization has failed and that the chronically severely mentally ill have not become part of their communities. Utilizing extant data on consumers released from Pennsylvania state hospitals as part of a unique initiative, the psychosocial variables of age, race, gender, length of institutionalization, placement following hospitalization and diagnosis were correlated with homelessness, incarceration, or whereabouts known …

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Retrospective Investigation Of One-Time Presenters Versus Repeat Presenters To Urban And Suburban Psychiatric Emergency Services : Cross-Sectional And Clinical Characteristics, April J. Hansen

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

This study retrospectively reviewed 765 patients who presented within a one-year period at either a suburban, urban, or both suburban and urban psychiatric emergency services (PES). Demographic and clinical characteristics were examined. Particular focus included characteristics of children/adolescents and older adults, as well as the relationship between substance misuse and PES presenters. Adults presenting to PES more than three times were more likely to have a chronic mental illness, personality disorder, history of psychiatric treatment, and a history of noncompliance with treatment than those who presented three times or less. Significant differences were found between urban and suburban PESs, in …

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Development Of Children's Knowledge About The Mind, John H. Flavell

Heinz Werner Lectures

Center For Psychological Studies 2003-2004 Catalog, Nova Southeastern University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

Center For Psychological Studies 2003-2004 Catalog, Nova Sounteastern University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

Goal Orientation And Feedback Sign As Predictors Of Changes In Motivation And Performance, Erin Michele Richard

LSU Master's Theses

The Impact Of Parents' Implementation Of A Structured Parent Reading Program On Their Children's Reading Fluency, Jennifer Luella Resetar

LSU Master's Theses

Factors Influencing The Effects Of Realistic Job Previews On Applicant Judgments Of Organizational Attractiveness, Natalie Trask Bourgeois

LSU Master's Theses

"You Just Give Them What They Want And Pray They Don’T Kill You”: Street-Level Sex Workers’ Reports Of Victimization, Personal Resources And Coping Strategies, Rochelle L. Dalla Dr., Yan Xia, Heather Kennedy

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Recovery From Substance Abuse: The Role Of Unsupportive Social Interactions, Michelle Marie Schmitt

Theses and Dissertations

The Experiences Of International Students At An Australian University: An Exploratory Qualitative Study, Andrea Halse

Theses : Honours

Self-Esteem, Sex Differences, And Self-Disclosure: A Study Of The Closeness Of Relationships, Christien Marie Seamon

All Volumes (2001-2008)

The Retention And Persistence Support (Raps) Project: A Transition Initiative, Dawn Darlaston-Jones, Lynne Cohen, Suena Haunold, Lisbeth Pike, Alison Young, Neil Drew

Research outputs pre 2011

Are They Being Served? Student Expectations Of Higher Education, Dawn Darlaston-Jones, Lisbeth Pike, Lynne Cohen, Alison Young, Suena Haunold, Neil Drew

Research outputs pre 2011

Teaching And Learning Online For The First Time: Student And Coordinator Perspectives, Lauren Breen, Lynne Cohen, Paul Chang

Research outputs pre 2011

Using A Student Centred Approach In A Large Class Context, Dawn Darlaston-Jones, Lynne Cohen

Research outputs pre 2011

Using Multimedia Elements To Change Student Mental Models Of Colour Vision Deficiency, Romana Pospisil, Susan Stoney

Research outputs pre 2011

(2003) Power, Manipulation, And Control In A Community Of Inquiry, Pavel Lushyn, David K. Kennedy

Collected Papers of David Kennedy

(2003) Notes From The Field: Card Games, Roughhousing, Traffic Jams & Thunderstorms, David K. Kennedy

Collected Papers of David Kennedy

Monitoring In Event-Based Prospective Memory Tasks, Dale Watkins Cockman

LSU Master's Theses

Heavy Smokers Choose Large, Immediate Rewards With Large Penalties On A Simulated Task Of Gambling, Michael Shawn Businelle

LSU Master's Theses

An Evaluation Of Distributed Practice Using Constant Time Delay In The Acquisition Of Sight Words With Children, Kashunda Lynn Williams

LSU Master's Theses

The Relationship Of Feeding Problems With The Use Of Antiepileptic Medication Among Persons With Severe And Profound Mental Retardation, Rinita B. Laud

LSU Master's Theses

Major And Minor Life Events As Predictors Of Medical Utilization, Gareth R. Dutton

LSU Master's Theses

Relative Efficacy Of School-Home Notes With And Without Response Cost In Impoverished Elementary School Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Andrea Nichole Jurbergs

LSU Master's Theses

Evaluation Of Computerized Reading Intervention, Jennifer Lynne Koenig

LSU Master's Theses

Self-Management And Social Skills Training For Persons With Developmental Disabilities: Tools For The Rehabilitation Counselor To Facilitate Success In Community Settings: A Literature Review, Tina M. Anctil Peterman, Charles Edmund Degeneffe

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Online Detection Of Tonal Pop-Out In Modulating Contexts, Petr Janata, Jeffrey L. Birk, Barbara Tillmann, Jamshed J. Bharucha

Dartmouth Scholarship

Clinical And Forensic Outcomes From The Illinois Mental Health Juvenile Justice Initiative, Michael Jenuwine, John S. Lyons, Gene Griffin, Sharon Quintenz, Michelle Shasha

Articles by Maurer Faculty

An Exploration Of Psychological Sense Of Community In Western Australian School Children Aged 7-8 Years, Debra K. Roberts

Theses : Honours

Community Integration And Normalization, Janice Eileen Cunningham

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Retrospective Investigation Of One-Time Presenters Versus Repeat Presenters To Urban And Suburban Psychiatric Emergency Services : Cross-Sectional And Clinical Characteristics, April J. Hansen

PCOM Psychology Dissertations