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Aging, Vulnerability And Managing Type 2 Diabetes During A Pandemic, Jasmin Tahmaseb-Mcconatha, Jacqueline Magnarelli, Lauren Stricker Jun 2020

Aging, Vulnerability And Managing Type 2 Diabetes During A Pandemic, Jasmin Tahmaseb-Mcconatha, Jacqueline Magnarelli, Lauren Stricker

Psychology Faculty Publications

Older men and women have been found to be more vulnerable to negative outcomes should they contract Covid19, particularly if they also have comorbid conditions such as type 2 diabetes. Cultural, racial, ethnic, and social class differences exist in vulnerability to Covid19 and in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. In the United States, for example, diabetes rates for minority and immigrant populations are higher than for non-Hispanic whites. During the a social health crisis, it is helpful to explore the ways that illness management and associated vulnerability influences the ways that minority elders attempt to maintain and promote their …

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Sense Of Purpose In Life And Five Health Behaviors In Older Adults, Eric S. Kim, Koichiro Shiba, Julia K. Boehm, Laura D. Kubzansky Jun 2020

Sense Of Purpose In Life And Five Health Behaviors In Older Adults, Eric S. Kim, Koichiro Shiba, Julia K. Boehm, Laura D. Kubzansky

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Accumulating evidence shows that a higher sense of purpose in life is associated with lower risk of chronic conditions and premature mortality. Health behaviors might partially explain these findings, however, the prospective association between sense of purpose and health behaviors is understudied. We tested whether a higher sense of purpose at baseline was associated with lower likelihood of developing unhealthy behaviors over time. Prospective data were from the Health and Retirement Study, a national sample of U.S. older adults. Our sample included 13,770 adults assessed up to five times across eight years. Among people who met recommended guidelines for a …

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How Can I Help My Anxious Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder? Understanding Parental Perspectives And Treatment Preferences, Sandra L. Cepeda Jun 2020

How Can I Help My Anxious Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder? Understanding Parental Perspectives And Treatment Preferences, Sandra L. Cepeda

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Despite the high prevalence of co-occurring anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little is known about parental preferences for treatment in addressing these anxiety concerns. Understanding parents’ preferences for treatment is an important factor to consider for ensuring quality care, as it can guide clinical decisions with regard to implementation of care, strategies for optimizing engagement and treatment adherence, and is associated with treatment outcome. To date, limited studies have examined parental preferences in treatment for childhood anxiety or ASD; but no study has investigated preferences for treatment in children with comorbid symptoms. Thus, the present study sought …

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Early Childhood Neurodevelopmental Profiles: Premature And Small For Gestational Age Infants, Alicia Gibson Jun 2020

Early Childhood Neurodevelopmental Profiles: Premature And Small For Gestational Age Infants, Alicia Gibson

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Infants born premature (<37 >weeks) and small for gestational age (SGA; <5 >lbs, 8ozs, >37 weeks) are at greater risk for neurodevelopmental delays. Delays can be global neurodevelopmental differences, including academic achievement, communication development, and motor skills. Currently, there is not a large enough body of research differentiating the two groups. Neurodevelopmental profile score differences were analyzed between children born premature, children born SGA, children born both premature and SGA, and children born average for gestational age (AGA). Neurodevelopmental domains explored included social, adaptive, communication (expressive and receptive), motor (gross and fine), and cognitive functioning using the Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI-2 …

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Psychological Stress And Birth Outcomes In Amish Women Before And After The Nickel Mines Shooting, Berwood Yost, Christina Abbott, Scottie Thompson-Buckland, Mary Whitmoyer, Kirk Miller Jun 2020

Psychological Stress And Birth Outcomes In Amish Women Before And After The Nickel Mines Shooting, Berwood Yost, Christina Abbott, Scottie Thompson-Buckland, Mary Whitmoyer, Kirk Miller

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the Nickel Mines shooting October 2, 2006 on the psychological stress and birth outcomes of Amish women living in proximity to the event. Methods: Data are from a population-based cohort study of 202 Amish women of childbearing age interviewed at baseline (winter 2004-2005) and 3 years later (winter 2007-2008). Data are also from Pennsylvania Department of Health birth records 2004-2008. Results: There was no apparent impact of the shooting on depression, social support, stress, number of diagnoses, sleep, doctor visits, number of medications, or anxiety. Nor was there an apparent impact …

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Circuits That Encode And Guide Alcohol-Associated Preference, Kristin M. Scaplen, Mustafa Talay, Kavin M. Nunez, Sarah Salamon, Amanda G. Waterman, Sydney Gang, Sophia L. Song, Gilad Barnea, Karla R. Kaun Jun 2020

Circuits That Encode And Guide Alcohol-Associated Preference, Kristin M. Scaplen, Mustafa Talay, Kavin M. Nunez, Sarah Salamon, Amanda G. Waterman, Sydney Gang, Sophia L. Song, Gilad Barnea, Karla R. Kaun

Applied Psychology Department Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Differences In Brain Activity Patterns During Creative Idea Generation Between Eminent And Non-Eminent Thinkers, Evangelia G Chrysikou, Constanza Jacial, David B Yaden, Wessel Van Dam, Scott Barry Kaufman, Chris Conklin, Nancy Wintering, Rebecca E Abraham, Rex E Jung, Andrew B. Newberg Jun 2020

Differences In Brain Activity Patterns During Creative Idea Generation Between Eminent And Non-Eminent Thinkers, Evangelia G Chrysikou, Constanza Jacial, David B Yaden, Wessel Van Dam, Scott Barry Kaufman, Chris Conklin, Nancy Wintering, Rebecca E Abraham, Rex E Jung, Andrew B. Newberg

Marcus Institute of Integrative Health Faculty Papers

An influential model of the neural mechanisms of creative thought suggests that creativity is manifested in the joint contributions of the Default Mode Network (DMN; a set of regions in the medial PFC, lateral and medial parietal cortex, and the medial temporal lobes) and the executive networks within the dorsolateral PFC. Several empirical reports have offered support for this model by showing that complex interactions between these brain systems account for individual differences in creative performance. The present study examined whether the engagement of these regions in idea generation is modulated by one's eminence in a creativity-related field. Twenty (n …

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Participation In The Cacfp Ensures Availability But Not Intake Of Nutritious Foods At Lunch In Preschool Children In Child-Care Centers, Saima Hasnin, Dipti Dev, Alison Tovar Jun 2020

Participation In The Cacfp Ensures Availability But Not Intake Of Nutritious Foods At Lunch In Preschool Children In Child-Care Centers, Saima Hasnin, Dipti Dev, Alison Tovar

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Background — The US Department of Agriculture Child and Adult Care Food program (CACFP) recently (October 2017) updated requirements for meal reimbursement and best practice recommendations for serving nutritious meals and beverages, and minimum age-specific serving sizes for five food groups. It is not known whether CACFPfunded child-care centers are meeting the updated meal pattern requirements and best practice recommendations, and whether children are meeting nutrition recommendations based on the current 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Objective This study assessed whether the recruited CACFP-funded child-care centers in this study were meeting the updated (2017) CACFP requirements regarding foods served …

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Attentional Bias And Training In Individuals With High Dental Anxiety, Jedidiah Siev, E. Behar, M. R. Fortune Jun 2020

Attentional Bias And Training In Individuals With High Dental Anxiety, Jedidiah Siev, E. Behar, M. R. Fortune

Psychology Faculty Works

Dental anxiety is common and associated with negative outcomes. According to information-processing models, anxiety is maintained by maladaptive patterns of processing threatening information. Furthermore, attention training interventions can reduce anxiety in one session. Fifty-three individuals with high levels of dental anxiety completed a Posner reaction-time task. Participants were randomized to attention training or control using a dot-probe task, and then attentional bias was remeasured using another Posner task. Participants then completed a script-driven imaginal exposure task. Results indicated that individuals high in dental anxiety exhibit threat-relevant attentional bias. There was mixed evidence about the efficacy of attention training. On the …

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Social-Ecological And Protective Factor Approach To Managing Parental Incarceration, Jacquelyn Harris Jun 2020

Social-Ecological And Protective Factor Approach To Managing Parental Incarceration, Jacquelyn Harris

Dissertations

Mass imprisonment does not only impact the incarcerated individual; it also affects approximately five million children in the United States. Researchers identified and compare the impact of parental incarceration on child development. They acknowledged the protective factors across the lifecycle from a social-ecological perspective and specifically related to parental incarceration. The comprehensive literature review inspired an innovative model, the social-ecological and protective factor approach to managing parental incarceration. The primary goal of this model is to combat the detrimental effects of parental incarceration by identifying protective factors across the lifecycle and throughout the microsystem, mesosystem, and exosystem. This model is …

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Exploration Of Physician Attitudes About Self-Care And Personal Mental Health: Possible Barriers To Physician Well Being, Candich Farrar Jun 2020

Exploration Of Physician Attitudes About Self-Care And Personal Mental Health: Possible Barriers To Physician Well Being, Candich Farrar

Dissertations

The present study was designed to examine physicians’ mental health, attitudes, and behaviors toward self-care and the utilization of mental health services. As the medical field can be very demanding and exhausting, it is believed that many physicians suffer from mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression. However, it was theorized that many physicians do not engage in adequate self-care regimes or seek support and suppress their symptoms, which may further exacerbate their illnesses. A thorough literature review was performed to explore the following: possible barriers to physicians seeking mental health services to address high rates of mental illnesses, physicians …

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Work–Family Conflict In Low-Income Households, Maritza G. Hiciano Ramos Jun 2020

Work–Family Conflict In Low-Income Households, Maritza G. Hiciano Ramos

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The United States is the only country not offering paid parental leave. Paid leave is left at the discretion of employers and only a few states offer Paid Family Leave benefits. The FMLA was established to protect workers from losing their jobs in case they needed to care for an elderly person or for their children. However, since value is not placed in family structures there has not been much development in that area. The FMLA fails to account for the grand majority of people in the U.S., especially those of lower socioeconomic status. Moreover, the vast inequalities that exists …

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The Biological, Psychological, Cognitive, And Social Perspectives On Aging: The Design Of A Healthy Aging Program For Older Adults, Melissa Santiago Jun 2020

The Biological, Psychological, Cognitive, And Social Perspectives On Aging: The Design Of A Healthy Aging Program For Older Adults, Melissa Santiago

Dissertations

Aging is an inevitable process, accompanied by changes in physiological, cognitive, psychological, and social facets. Researchers have investigated the physiological, cognitive, psychological, and social risk factors associated with aging and have encouraged the use of physical activity, cognitive training, and dietary interventions to alleviate risk factors. However, holistic programs dedicated to promoting successful aging among older adults are uncommon. This review sought to promote successful aging by identifying physiological, cognitive, psychological, and social risk factors that affect older adults and develop a comprehensive program to holistically mitigate these risk factors. Risk factors associated with unsuccessful aging include the development of …

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Dementia And Competency In United States Courtrooms: A Case Law Review, Dana Miller Jun 2020

Dementia And Competency In United States Courtrooms: A Case Law Review, Dana Miller

Student Theses

The number of older adults in the United States is rising, as is the incidence of dementia. Older adults are coming into contact with the criminal justice system at greater rates than previously encountered. As such, individuals with dementia are likely appearing in courts at an unprecedented rate. While many civil competencies commonly related to older adults are well researched, competency in the criminal legal system has not received the same level of recognition in this population. This is particularly concerning given the growing awareness of the relevance of dementia in some criminal competencies (e.g., Madison v. Alabama, 2019). Of …

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The Effects Of Eating Disorders And Body Dissatisfaction On School Achievement, Briana Ribota Jun 2020

The Effects Of Eating Disorders And Body Dissatisfaction On School Achievement, Briana Ribota

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Eating disorders are no longer an invisible phenomenon. Eating disorders are caused by a multitude of factors which include a combination of biological, environmental abnormalities, and/or psychological, such as: nutritional deficiencies, sexual abuse, poor self-esteem, trauma, and/or social pressure (Strother et al., 2012). These food related issues can cause embarrassment and pain, along with severely jeopardizing one’s health if not recognized and treated (Strother et al., 2012). As a result of the complexities of eating disorders, young adults are annihilated with managing life impediments rather than focusing on academic achievement. A qualitative post positivist study will be conducted by interviewing …

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A Parenting Curriculum For Parents And Caregivers Of Young Children With A Focus On Attachment Theory, Alexandria Driscoll Jun 2020

A Parenting Curriculum For Parents And Caregivers Of Young Children With A Focus On Attachment Theory, Alexandria Driscoll

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Attachment science has shown the importance of a purposeful and secure parent-child relationship. A secure attachment relationship includes sensitivity, responsiveness, and warmth. However, these behaviors may not come naturally to some parents due to lack of knowledge, stress, mental health issues, and/or past relationships. The purpose of this project was to inform parents about attachment science, increase parents’ confidence, and reduce parental stress by providing four two-hour workshop sessions. This project specifically targeted parents of young children. During the implementation of the project, the platform of the sessions changed from face-to-face to online due to the Covid-19 pandemic and subsequent …

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Considering Resilience Practices Through Coronavirus: The Role Of Having A Healthy Diet, Kait Hemphill May 2020

Considering Resilience Practices Through Coronavirus: The Role Of Having A Healthy Diet, Kait Hemphill

School of Psychology, Family, and Community Research Conference

Coronavirus offers a powerful opportunity to study the factors that can increase resilience. Most people are experiencing highly stressful conditions during the pandemic and habits are broken with the stay at home orders which provides the context for adopting new habits. Resilience, in this research, is not only the ability to “bounce back” from adversity (resilience) but also the increased capacity to take on future challenges (general-self efficacy). When considering resilience practices, evidence suggests that a healthy diet predicts above and beyond coping skills (social support, spiritual practices, growth/reframing, and time management/planning). Additionally, evidence suggests that perceived stress moderates the …

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A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Words: Social Media's Approach To Comfort Food, Isabella Paul May 2020

A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Words: Social Media's Approach To Comfort Food, Isabella Paul

Honors Theses - Providence Campus

My thesis essentially explores the ways social media reveals subconscious connections to food. Research indicates that there is an existing connection between food consumption and nostalgia, which transports a person back to their childhood and its association with comfort. This concept of nostalgia helps us understand how people in their everyday lives share their personal comforts with the general public, and how the general public responds. To explore this phenomenon I conduct primary research in the form of collecting and analyzing Instagram posts relating to comfort food, using the hashtags #comfortfood, #nostalgia, and #foodnostalgia. I use this research to identify …

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Moving Towards Intimacy: A Literature Review On The Use Of Dance/Movement Therapy With Couples, Rachel Kuntz May 2020

Moving Towards Intimacy: A Literature Review On The Use Of Dance/Movement Therapy With Couples, Rachel Kuntz

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

Since its development in the early 20th century, dance/movement therapy has sought to help individuals strengthen communication, deepen empathy, build trust, and experience physical closeness. Incidentally, couples counseling tends to address many of the same goals. This Capstone thesis investigated the overlaps between the fields of dance/movement therapy and couples counseling to the effect of understanding how those fields may work together. An initial review revealed that the current research only examined dance/movement therapy with couples who are privileged in the areas of race, gender, sexuality, and socioeconomic status. Thus, the review broadened to explore how dance/movement therapists work with …

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Student Wellbeing And Open Studio Process In The School Curriculum, Maria Kim May 2020

Student Wellbeing And Open Studio Process In The School Curriculum, Maria Kim

Expressive Therapies Dissertations

This study aimed to explore whether Open Studio Process (OSP) increased wellbeing of middle and high school students when facilitated by teachers as a part of the regular art curriculum. It was hypothesized that OSP might increase the sense of wellbeing among middle and high school students as well as facilitating teachers. The research was conducted as a mixed methods study in South Korea where students need preventative interventions for their wellbeing. The researcher trained eight teachers to facilitate OSP and five of them implemented it with their classes for seven sessions. Quantitative data (K-YSR; pre- and posttest) were collected …

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An Evaluation Of A Renewal-Mitigation Procedure For Inappropriate Mealtime Behavior, Sarah D. Haney May 2020

An Evaluation Of A Renewal-Mitigation Procedure For Inappropriate Mealtime Behavior, Sarah D. Haney

Theses & Dissertations

Renewal, the increase in problem behavior during extinction following a context change (e.g., transfer of intervention from clinic to home), may be particularly concerning during interventions for feeding disorders because multiple context changes are often necessary for intervention generality and maintenance (Podlesnik et al., 2017). In the current study, we tested for renewal and evaluated a renewal-mitigation procedure when we transferred the intervention from a therapist to a caregiver, from clinic to the home, and introduced Context A foods. We used an ABA arrangement to evaluate the generality of the renewal effect with 7 children with feeding disorders. Context A …

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Effect Of The Establishment Of A 2-Week Brief Mindfulness Practice On Positive Nutritional Choices And Perceived Stress In College Undergraduates, Emily M. Larson May 2020

Effect Of The Establishment Of A 2-Week Brief Mindfulness Practice On Positive Nutritional Choices And Perceived Stress In College Undergraduates, Emily M. Larson

Honors Thesis

College students often experience weight gain, which appears to be associated with elevated levels of stress. This stress can be due to exposure to a new environment, increased responsibility, and newfound independence that comes with living away from home. As such, identification of interventions that increase healthy eating behaviors and reduce perceived stress may promote good physical and mental health for college students. Mindfulness meditation, which is associated with lowered blood pressure, heart rate, and subjective anxiety, may be one such strategy. However, no research has examined the effect of the establishment of a mindfulness meditation practice on nutritional choices. …

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Socioeconomic Status And Symptoms Of Anxiety And Depression In Pregnant Women, Meagan Mandabach May 2020

Socioeconomic Status And Symptoms Of Anxiety And Depression In Pregnant Women, Meagan Mandabach

Honors Theses

Pregnancy is a period of great change in a woman’s body as her baby develops. During this period, women commonly experience symptoms of anxiety (Dennis et al., 2017) and depression (Shidhaye & Giri, 2014). Literature has suggested that socioeconomic status (SES) can contribute to the severity at which pregnant women experience anxiety and depression (Arora & Aeri, 2019; Field et al., 2008; Shagufta & Shams, 2019), and women of low socioeconomic status may be more likely to experience symptoms of anxiety and depression during pregnancy (Field et al., 2008). The present study aimed to assess the relationships between household income …

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Navigating "Technoference" In The Family System, Kathlynn Sergent May 2020

Navigating "Technoference" In The Family System, Kathlynn Sergent

Educational Specialist, 2020-current

This integrative literature review explores the increase of technology use in families, with a focus on how technology is disrupting in-person social interactions within the family system. Many studies have been conducted on how technology impacts a couple’s romantic relationship, and only a few have examined the relationship between the parent and child. This review is one of the first to examine how technology may affect the entire family unit from before children to raising adolescents. Each section of the family unit is examined, beginning with before children, followed by the early bonding and attachment associated with infant/childhood, and then …

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Full Issue Winter 2019 May 2020

Full Issue Winter 2019

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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A Curing Melody To Depression In College Students, Derek C. Bartlett May 2020

A Curing Melody To Depression In College Students, Derek C. Bartlett

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Depression is a widely prevalent mental disorder, having a shockingly high prevalence among college students. Depression has an abundance of symptoms that can greatly decrease the quality of life in many individuals. Depression is one of the more treatable mental disorders; however, the stigma of pursuing psychotherapy may hinder many individuals from getting the help that they need. In light of the many problems surrounding depression, music therapy can be an alternative form of treatment that can address these issues. Researchers have found that music therapy can be more effective in treating depression in comparison to the current standard treatment …

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The Relationship Between Sport Commitment With Off-Season Training Time And Previous In-Season Playing Time In College-Aged Soccer Players 2020., Luke Zuber May 2020

The Relationship Between Sport Commitment With Off-Season Training Time And Previous In-Season Playing Time In College-Aged Soccer Players 2020., Luke Zuber

Master's Theses

Sport commitment is defined as “…the desire and resolve to continue sport participation” (Scanlan, Carpenter, Schmidt, Simons, & Keeler, 1993, p. 6). Since the first definition, the concept has been further refined to reflect a more multidimensional paradigm. Overall, sport commitment is thought to be comprised of the dimensions of enthusiastic commitment and constrained commitment (Scanlan, Chow, Sousa, Scanlan, & Knifsend, 2016). Those constructs can be broken down further to 12 subconstructs that are represented in the Sport Commitment – 2 (SC; Scanlan, Chow, Sousa, Scanlan, & Knifsend, 2016), in order to evaluate the source and level of an individual’s …

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Weight Bias And Mindset In Physical Educators, Abigail Caroline Heller May 2020

Weight Bias And Mindset In Physical Educators, Abigail Caroline Heller

Psychology Theses - Archive

While physical education (PE) classes and sports teams create an opportunity to increase overweight and obese students’ interest in physical activity (Price, 1990), these are settings in which such students encounter stigma from PE teachers and coaches (Bauer et al., 2004). Weight bias predicts negative psychological (Eisenberg et al., 2003) and physical (Hunger & Yomiyama, 2014) outcomes in children and adolescents, which could be offset by positive behaviors related to growth mindset in teachers. The current study examined weight bias in elementary PE teachers as well as the influence of teacher sport-related mindset on weight bias. PE teachers (N = …

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The Effectiveness Of Implementing A Collaborative Mental Health Approach On Quality Of Life For Individuals Of Low Socioeconomic Status, Tyler Z. Tooley May 2020

The Effectiveness Of Implementing A Collaborative Mental Health Approach On Quality Of Life For Individuals Of Low Socioeconomic Status, Tyler Z. Tooley

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The ultimate purpose of this study is to provide insight and education to mental health clinicians, politicians and the general public of the numerous effects poverty has on mental health, in addition to the most beneficial ways to combat those insidious effects. The specific barriers met by individuals of low socioeconomic status severely affect psychological and physical health, as well as social and environmental relationships, which therefore diminish overall quality of life. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of implementing a collaborative mental health approach for low income individuals on length of engagement in services and …

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A Geospatial Examination Of The Association Between Geographic Food Access And Food Insecurity In Central Texas: The Role Of Race/Ethnicity And Urbanicity, Kathryn Janda May 2020

A Geospatial Examination Of The Association Between Geographic Food Access And Food Insecurity In Central Texas: The Role Of Race/Ethnicity And Urbanicity, Kathryn Janda

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Food insecurity is a public health issue that affects one in ten Americans, one in seven Central Texans, and is associated with malnutrition, chronic disease, and obesity. Geographic food access is the most intervened upon aspect of food insecurity and is often measured objectively through mapping software, such as ArcGIS. Yet when geographic food access is only measured in terms of distance to food retail, analyses do not full capture the nuances of community context. Thus, other sources of data, like survey data, and demographic indicators, such as race/ethnicity and urbanicity, should be incorporated into the research exploring the association …

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