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Communal And Exchange Relationships In Marriage And Their Effects On Ambulatory Blood Pressure In Caucasians And Foreign-Born Mexican Americans, Bryan J. Jensen Jun 2011

Communal And Exchange Relationships In Marriage And Their Effects On Ambulatory Blood Pressure In Caucasians And Foreign-Born Mexican Americans, Bryan J. Jensen

Theses and Dissertations

Research shows Mexican Americans typically have better cardiovascular health than European Americans, despite being relatively economically disadvantaged. Given research indicating the importance of relationship quality on one's health, the present study examined whether certain relationship orientations (e.g. communal or exchange) were more prevalent in different ethnic groups and if these orientations could help explain this Hispanic Paradox. 582 adults were recruited from the community. Participants were primarily European American (40%) and foreign-born Mexican Americans (55%). A cross-sectional designed was used where participants wore 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitors and completed self-report measures of relationship satisfaction and relationship orientation. Results …

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Where Does The Buck Stop? Applying Attribution Theory To Examine Public Appraisals Of The President, Cigdem Sirin, José Villalobos Jun 2011

Where Does The Buck Stop? Applying Attribution Theory To Examine Public Appraisals Of The President, Cigdem Sirin, José Villalobos

Departmental Papers (PS)

This study applies attribution theory to examine public appraisals of the president. To date, most political science research on attribution theory has focused on domestic policy and no work has considered both domestic and foreign policy domains in tandem. To fill this gap, we formulate and experimentally test a series of hypotheses regarding the level of responsibility and credit/blame that individuals attribute to the president in both policy domains across varying policy conditions. We also consider how party compatibility affects people’s attribution judgments. Our findings provide a new contribution to the literature on political attributions, executive accountability, and public perceptions …

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Asian American Mental Health: What We Know And What We Don't Know, Joyce P. Chu, Stanley Sue Jun 2011

Asian American Mental Health: What We Know And What We Don't Know, Joyce P. Chu, Stanley Sue

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

This chapter reviews and critically examines issues regarding the mental health of Asians in the United States. As a distinct ethnic group in the United States, Asian Americans have experienced value conflicts between their own ethnic culture and that of mainstream Americans, as well as instances of racial prejudice and discrimination. Given these experiences, it is important to examine the mental health status of Asian Americans. Several consistent research findings have emerged. First, few Asian Americans utilize the mental health system. Second, those who do use services are highly disturbed in terms of psychiatric disorders. Third, cultural factors appear to …

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Teaching Children About Multiculturalism, Nicole Zuniga Jun 2011

Teaching Children About Multiculturalism, Nicole Zuniga

Psychology and Child Development

Literature review on teaching children about multiculturalism connected to the entertainment coordinator position of the organizer group for Children's Day in the Plaza 2011.

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A Comparison Of Mindfulness, Nonjudgmental, And Cognitive Dissonance-Based Approaches To Mirror Exposure, Cynthia A. Luethcke, Leda Mcdaniel, Carolyn Becker Jun 2011

A Comparison Of Mindfulness, Nonjudgmental, And Cognitive Dissonance-Based Approaches To Mirror Exposure, Cynthia A. Luethcke, Leda Mcdaniel, Carolyn Becker

Psychology Faculty Research

This study compares different versions of mirror exposure (ME), a body image intervention with research support. ME protocols were adapted to maximize control and comparability, and scripted for delivery by research assistants. Female undergraduates (N = 168) were randomly assigned to receive mindfulness-based (MB; n = 58), nonjudgmental (NJ; n = 55), or cognitive dissonance-based (CD, n = 55) ME. Participants completed the Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire (BIAQ), Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ), Satisfaction with Body Parts Scale (SBPS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 1-month follow-up. Mixed models ANOVAs revealed a …

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The Distance Between Colors; Using Deltae* To Determine Which Colors Are Compatible, Rosandra N. Abeyta May 2011

The Distance Between Colors; Using Deltae* To Determine Which Colors Are Compatible, Rosandra N. Abeyta

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The focus of this study was to identify colors that can be easily distinguished from one another by normal color vision and slightly deficient color vision observers, and then test those colors to determine the significance of color separation as an indicator of color discriminability for both types of participants. There were 14 color normal and 9 color deficient individuals whose level of color deficiency were determined using standard diagnostic tests. The colors were selected by avoiding co-linearity in the color confusion line graphs for deuteranopes, protanopes and tritanopes. The difference between each of the colors was then calculated. The …

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Sexting And Sexual Relationships Among Teens And Young Adults, Lori Henderson May 2011

Sexting And Sexual Relationships Among Teens And Young Adults, Lori Henderson

McNair Scholars Research Journal

The present study examined young adult participation in sexting: a transmission of nude or semi-nude images or sexually suggestive text of themselves to others through cell phones. An online survey was conducted Spring 2010 at large northwest university. Results revealed that nearly two thirds of participants had sent nude or semi-nude pictures of themselves. Cell phones were reported as the primary medium in transmission of sext messages. Nearly half of those who have participated in sexting had sent them to a boyfriend or girlfriend, while 15% sent them to someone they only knew online. To be sexy or to initiate …

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Optimizing High Volume Traffic Surges Using Discrete Event Simulation, Claire L. Johnson May 2011

Optimizing High Volume Traffic Surges Using Discrete Event Simulation, Claire L. Johnson

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The purpose of this applied research study is to determine the fidelity of a discrete event simulation tool called the Evacuation Simulation Prediction Tool (ESP) in predicting transit times during a high volume surge in traffic flow. The ESP tool was developed for the purpose of predicting and optimizing large-scale evacuations of counties or regions as an aide in emergency and disaster preparedness planning. The goal of the ESP model is to ascertain the balance of traffic flow capacity by managing the human factor events that impinge upon orderly highway travel without immobilizing the travel route. The objective of this …

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Keys To Unlocking Creative Potential: The Expressive Path To Personal Growth, Marta D. Ockuly May 2011

Keys To Unlocking Creative Potential: The Expressive Path To Personal Growth, Marta D. Ockuly

Creativity and Change Leadership Graduate Student Master's Projects

An experiential journey into personal growth and creative expression is, by nature, transformational.  Undertaken in a public platform using social media (Twitter and blogging) it reveals powerful potential as a teaching and mentoring tool for inspiring creative action around the world.  This project was designed to blend my joys and passions for tweeting positive inspiration and encouragement, sharing my readings and research related to creativity, exploring expressive art, activating creative potential with joy, collecting and sharing quotes, coaching positive change and creative action, and raising awareness of everyday creativity into a learning pathway which could be accessed by anyone using …

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Social Support Received Online And Offline By Individuals Diagnosed With Cancer, Jessye Cohen May 2011

Social Support Received Online And Offline By Individuals Diagnosed With Cancer, Jessye Cohen

Theses and Dissertations

Life after treatment for cancer has become a primary focus for health service provider communities as the number of individuals living longer grows. The medical and psychosocial needs of cancer survivors have been prominent in the popular and scientific literature. A major focus for psychologists has been the relationships and social support networks of individuals diagnosed with cancer. The current study explored a recent phenomenon within this realm, the use of Internet resources for online support. The purpose of this study was to compare social support received online and social support received offline among people diagnosed with cancer who use …

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Community Perceptions Of Prescription Drug Abuse In Eastern Kentucky., Ashley Marie Browning May 2011

Community Perceptions Of Prescription Drug Abuse In Eastern Kentucky., Ashley Marie Browning

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Personal interviews exploring attitudes toward prescription drug abuse were completed by 17 residents over 18 years of age from Kentucky's Pike and Letcher counties. In respect to prescription drug abuse research nationwide, much research has been conducted in eastern Kentucky; however, there are seemingly few studies measuring the thoughts and feelings of community members toward the issue. Data gathered during these interviews were coded and themed for emergent content that revealed the prevalence of drug abuse in communities, the role of medical professionals in prescription drug abuse, and a lack of preventative measures to control the cyclic pattern of prescription …

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Extra-Curricular Activity Participation And Psychological School Engagement In Ethnically Diverse Middle School Students, Andrew Intagliata May 2011

Extra-Curricular Activity Participation And Psychological School Engagement In Ethnically Diverse Middle School Students, Andrew Intagliata

Educational Specialist, 2009-2019

Students of diverse populations have the highest risk of becoming disengaged from school and dropping out. This study investigated the relationship between extra-curricular activity participation and psychological school engagement among a group of fifty-three diverse middle school students. The sample studied mostly lived in the United States their entire lives, participated in extra-curricular activities, and reported being affectively “engaged” in school. Among the students studied, no correlation between participation in extra-curricular activities was observed. Students of all ethnicities reported similar levels of psychological school engagement. However, a difference was found in Hispanic/Latino students, in that those who had spent less …

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Perceptions Of Acceptability And Effectiveness Of Interventions For Adhd: A Comparison Of Teachers And School Psychologists, Bradley Call May 2011

Perceptions Of Acceptability And Effectiveness Of Interventions For Adhd: A Comparison Of Teachers And School Psychologists, Bradley Call

Educational Specialist, 2009-2019

This study compared school psychologists’ and teachers’ perceptions of classroom interventions for students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants read vignettes of a student with ADHD. They then read descriptions of the Daily Report Card and Response Cost Techniques, two proposed interventions to help the student. They then rated the interventions using the Behavioral Intervention Rating Scale (BIRS; Elliot & Von Brock Treuting, 1991). Differences were observed between which intervention was rated as more acceptable and effective. School psychologists rated the Daily Report Card as less acceptable than teachers did. They also rated the Daily Report Card as less …

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Giving A Voice To Adolescents Hip-Hop Therapy: “Music Expresses That Which Cannot Be Said And On Which It Is Impossible To Be Silent,”Victor Hugo., Amanda Gaye Francis May 2011

Giving A Voice To Adolescents Hip-Hop Therapy: “Music Expresses That Which Cannot Be Said And On Which It Is Impossible To Be Silent,”Victor Hugo., Amanda Gaye Francis

Educational Specialist, 2009-2019

Hip-hop therapy is a new, thriving therapeutic approach for adolescents and young adults. Extensive research is being done utilizing this approach with adolescents as a way for them to express their emotions and experiences. Through group counseling in a school, students can begin to express their experiences by learning to create their own emotional story through writing rap songs. The creation of their song can be accomplished in eight group sessions, starting with finding music that expresses who they are and ending with the creation of a song.

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An Exploration Of Two Couples Workshop Approaches: Getting The Love You Want By Imago Relationships International And The Art And Science Of Love By The Gottman Institute, Dessie Morgan Canelakes May 2011

An Exploration Of Two Couples Workshop Approaches: Getting The Love You Want By Imago Relationships International And The Art And Science Of Love By The Gottman Institute, Dessie Morgan Canelakes

Educational Specialist, 2009-2019

The purpose of this project is to examine, compare, and evaluate two differing approaches to couples’ workshops. Chapter 1 will use one couple’s story to illustrate the epidemic of romantic relationship/marriage dissolution. Chapter 2, the literature review, will introduce two workshop approaches by Harville Hendrix and John Gottman. This chapter presents literature that supports the workshops and highlights couples’ therapy research. Chapter 3 will review each workshop separately with respect to their goals, structure, and how they express underlying ideas. Also, a comparison and evaluation will be provided for both. Chapter 4 will follow with a summative evaluation of my …

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The Increasing Rate Of Undergraduate Male Attrition: What The Men Tell Us. A Qualitative Case Study., Monika Neelam Kushwaha May 2011

The Increasing Rate Of Undergraduate Male Attrition: What The Men Tell Us. A Qualitative Case Study., Monika Neelam Kushwaha

Dissertations, 2014-2019

The current study explores the factors that may contribute to undergraduate male attrition and ways of improving retention at James Madison University (JMU) using qualitative case study methodology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five men who were currently enrolled at JMU, six men who had previously been enrolled at JMU but who had left before completing a degree, and two university administrators who work closely with students at risk of dropping out. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. They were analyzed using QSR’s N-Vivo 9, a qualitative data management software package. Themes and sub-themes emerged around two major categories: factors that …

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The Influence Of Regret Proneness, Evidence Strengthening, And Perceived Responsibility On Verdict Preference, Stephanie L. Oglesby May 2011

The Influence Of Regret Proneness, Evidence Strengthening, And Perceived Responsibility On Verdict Preference, Stephanie L. Oglesby

Psychology Theses

In the present study, we investigated perceived responsibility, evidence strengthening, and defendant gender in the context of a criminal trial involving DNA. Evidence was introduced post-trial and varied as strengthening the defendant’s guilt v. innocence. We also examined perceptions of perceived responsibility for verdict in order to more closely evaluate the role of regret in decision-making. Results indicated that DNA evidence is perceived as reliable, regardless of whether it strengthened guilt or innocence. In addition, greater confidence in verdict was observed when evidence strengthened the guilt of a female defendant vs. a male defendant. Finally, jurors experiencing high levels of …

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This Looks Familiar! The Effect Of Prior Notification Of Civil Settlement On Award Determinations In A Product Liability Case, Jessica Crawford May 2011

This Looks Familiar! The Effect Of Prior Notification Of Civil Settlement On Award Determinations In A Product Liability Case, Jessica Crawford

Honors Senior Capstones and Theses

Research has established that pre-trial publicity increases potential jurors’ awareness to factors that may or may not become evidence at trial. The purpose of the present study was to examine how variations in prior notification of a civil settlement would influence juror decision-making. A sample of jury eligible students (N = 123) read one of three news summaries in which the settlement amount ($14.75M v. $4.25M v. $800,000 v. Control) and prior notification (3 Day v. 3 Week Delay) were manipulated. Results indicated that similar to pre-trial publicity, jurors utilized prior information as a basis for determining award. In …

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Political Conservatism And Its Effects On Memory And Basic Recall, Simon M. Caine May 2011

Political Conservatism And Its Effects On Memory And Basic Recall, Simon M. Caine

HIM 1990-2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate how conservatism affects a person's perception of everyday details. It is hypothesized that there will be a positive correlation between the participants' conservative ratings and the amount of details from the readings they recall that are also conservative. This will also mean that there will be a negative correlation between the participants scoring higher on the conservatism scale and the amount of liberal details they recall. A similar pattern is expected to be discovered pertaining to participants that identify as more liberal. How is this measured? The participants will be asked to …

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Development Of A Math Interest Inventory To Identify Gifted Students From Underrepresented And Diverse Populations, Gabrielle M. Snow May 2011

Development Of A Math Interest Inventory To Identify Gifted Students From Underrepresented And Diverse Populations, Gabrielle M. Snow

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The current investigation supports the objectives of Project GEMS (Roberts, 2008), a grant funded program whose objectives include the development and validation of a protocol to identify students from underrepresented and diverse populations as gifted in the content areas of science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Identification of students from low-income and diverse populations as gifted has been a struggle with current assessment techniques (Baldwin, 2005). Project GEMS aims to address this problem through development of interest measures specific to the STEM areas for use within an identification protocol. The current project developed a measure to assess interest in mathematics. The …

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Evil: Genocide In The 21st Century, James L. Pigmon May 2011

Evil: Genocide In The 21st Century, James L. Pigmon

Master of Liberal Studies Theses

This paper will explore commonalities and processes that led to genocide in the twentieth century. Information from four notable genocides will be used to determine the feasibility of genocide continuing unabated into the twenty first century. Armenian, Holocaust, Cambodian and Rwandan genocides have similar qualities establishing a “recipe” for others to use as a template or as a predictor of the next genocide. This thesis will use psychological theory, case studies and historical data to formulate reasons why individuals can be easily persuaded to take on the role as perpetrator. Has the international community done enough to either prevent or …

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Perceptions Of Gender Roles In The Advertising Industry, Cristina Perez Balitaan May 2011

Perceptions Of Gender Roles In The Advertising Industry, Cristina Perez Balitaan

Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All

The advertising industry since its inception has been saturated with male views and opinions, consequently manifesting in the sexual objectification of women. However, with more career opportunities for women in recent years, more women are choosing to engage in non-traditional careers, such as the fields of advertising and marketing. Yet, despite the growing female population within the advertising industry, the content of advertising still continues to be filled with gender stereotypes. To understand how female advertisers negotiate their gender role and their role as a media producer, I surveyed female advertising students of S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications (N=100) …

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The Impact Of Internet Experiences On Embarrassment, Joseph Tucciarone Jr. May 2011

The Impact Of Internet Experiences On Embarrassment, Joseph Tucciarone Jr.

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Media technology (e.g., Internet via social networking, email, and texting) has changed the way we interact with one another. For instance, the more time college students spend communicating on Facebook, the less time they spend socializing in face-to-face settings. Although studies have predominantly examined Internet experiences of college students in general, specific attention has also been paid to Internet experiences of shy and socially anxious individuals. Prior research suggests that individuals who fear social rejection prefer the anonymous nature of the Internet (Shepherd & Edelmann, 2005). Additionally, shy and socially anxious individuals seem to prefer online relationships to in-person relationships, …

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The Relationship Between Superstitious Behaviors Of Sports Fans, Team Identification, Team Location, And Game Outcome, Shana M. Wilson May 2011

The Relationship Between Superstitious Behaviors Of Sports Fans, Team Identification, Team Location, And Game Outcome, Shana M. Wilson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The present study examined how a fan's desire to participate in superstitious behaviors depends on team identification, team location, and game outcome. The study is a 2 (team identification: high vs. low) x 2 (game outcome: close game vs. blowout) x 2 (location of team: local vs. distant) between subjects factorial design. Participants for the current study included 234 students, recruited from undergraduate psychology classes at Western Kentucky University. Participants completed the Sport Spectator Identification Scale, read a randomly assigned vignette differing in team location and game outcome, and filled out the Superstition Questionnaire to measure their desire to complete …

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Discrimination Of Arabs And Muslims In Simulated Hiring Decisions The Role Of Multiple Categorization, Perceived Job Fit, And Social Dominance, Lindsay Dhanani May 2011

Discrimination Of Arabs And Muslims In Simulated Hiring Decisions The Role Of Multiple Categorization, Perceived Job Fit, And Social Dominance, Lindsay Dhanani

HIM 1990-2015

Discrimination in hiring contexts has received a lot of attention from researchers in Industrial Organizational Psychology. However, discrimination against Arabs and Muslims in hiring contexts has been overlooked in the literature. The current study explores discrimination targeting Arabs and Muslims in the workplace. The theory of multiple categorization (Crisp & Hewstone, 1999) was applied to Arabs and Muslims in order to determine the relative effect of national origin and religious affiliation. Perceived job fit (Heilman, 1983) was also examined using an airport security position and a shipping and receiving clerk position. Participants rated mock resumes on several measures of hireability …

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Cultural Psychology And Cross-Cultural Psychology: The Case Of Chinese Psychology, Carl Ratner May 2011

Cultural Psychology And Cross-Cultural Psychology: The Case Of Chinese Psychology, Carl Ratner

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

No abstract provided.

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Authentic Leadership In Sports Teams, Greg Houchin May 2011

Authentic Leadership In Sports Teams, Greg Houchin

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Authentic leadership includes a positive moral perspective characterized by high ethical standards that guide decision making and behavior. The measurement of authentic leadership is aimed at a leader’s ability to be genuine. This study identified and analyzed authentic leaders on sports teams. Group cohesion was also assessed. The purpose was to determine whether authentic leadership would lead to performance when mediated by team cohesion and trust. Survey analyses were used to assess several teams. Results indicated that sports teams may benefit from training in authentic leadership. Authentic leadership predicts higher levels of trust, team cohesion, and group performance.

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The Effects Of Body Characteristics On Perceived Competence, Courtney Michelle Kneip May 2011

The Effects Of Body Characteristics On Perceived Competence, Courtney Michelle Kneip

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different body characteristics on perceived competence; specifically, height, weight, and physical appearance. Participants were asked to login to their online school accounts and were then directed to a specific survey. All surveys consisted of the same questions, but included a different photograph. Participants then listened to a pre-recorded speech after being told that the individual in the photograph was the individual giving the speech. All surveys asked participants to rate judgments of height, weight, and physical appearance, compared to the average American. The speech provided the basis for the …

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What Attracts Older Nurses To Organizations? Psychological Moderators Of The Impact Of Flexible Scheduling And Mentoring Opportunities, Sarah Dubose May 2011

What Attracts Older Nurses To Organizations? Psychological Moderators Of The Impact Of Flexible Scheduling And Mentoring Opportunities, Sarah Dubose

All Theses

The current study investigated two psychological moderators (generativity and occupational stress) of the impact of flexible scheduling and mentoring opportunities on the attraction and application intentions of older nurses of bridge employment age. Of the 600 registered nurses who were contacted via postal mail, 101 responded. Participants were randomly assigned to one of six conditions in which a hypothetical job advertisement was manipulated with varying levels each of flexible scheduling (input vs no input into the schedule) and mentoring opportunities (formal, informal, and none). Input was found to have a main effect on organizational attraction, but main effects were not …

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An Empirical Investigation Of Emotional Reactivity And Elevated Mental Contamination: A Comparison Of Sexual And Physical Assault, Christal Badour May 2011

An Empirical Investigation Of Emotional Reactivity And Elevated Mental Contamination: A Comparison Of Sexual And Physical Assault, Christal Badour

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Although evidence suggests that disgust and disgust-related phenomena such as mental contamination should be associated with the experience of sexual assault, there has been relatively little direct examination of this relation. Consequently, the primary aim of the current study was to conduct a multimodal assessment of disgust and mental contamination-based reactivity to an individualized script-driven imagery procedure. Participants included 27 sexually assaulted, 25 physically assaulted, and 30 non-traumatized control female adults. Subjective reactivity (i.e., ratings of disgust, anxiety, feelings of dirtiness, and urges to wash), physiological reactivity (i.e., electromyogram activity of the right levator labii superioris and medial frontalis regions) …

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