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The Effect Of Feminist And Anti-Feminist Speeches On Feminist And Nonfeminist Women's Self-Esteem, Addis Eugenia Spurge

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Three groups of women from undergraduate psychology classes at the University of Central Florida were exposed to an experimental treatment which consisted of either a feminist, anti-feminist or a sex-role neutral speech. All subjects were administered the Feminism II Scale prior to the treatment, and the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale both prior to and immediately following the treatment conditions. No posttest differences in total self-esteem scores were noted among the treatment conditions. The anti-feminist treatment sample did have significantly lower scores on the family self subscale of the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale than either the feminist or control groups. Additionally, there were …

Feminine Sex Roles And Depression In Middle-Aged Women, Emily Gaines Tinsley

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The preponderance of females in the depressed population is a well established fact. Various hypotheses for this fact are reviewed and the hypothesis that females accepting the feminine role will be more likely to become depressed during their middle years than a more androgenous woman is submitted. To support this hypothesis a study was designed utilizing a Clinical group consisting of females, 35 to 50 experiencing depression and undergoing treatment for depression at one of three mental health centers and a Non-clinical group consisting of women, same age group, not experiencing depression and who had never undergone treatment for depression. …

Effects Of Task Size And Group Size On Observers' Job Enrichment Perceptions, Yau-De Wang

Student Work

Stemming from different theoretical disciplines, investigators of undermanned behavior settings and job enrichment have focused on examining human performance and motivation by manipulating essential tasks and available personnel. Although these two disciplines have centered their concerns on different types of organizations, research results from undermanning and job enrichment studies have tended to coincide with each other. However, an important question common to both areas concerns the reasons why the manipulation of the number of tasks and the number of personnel in a work setting should change group members' performance and motivation. Greenberg (1979) has recently offered an explanation which may …

An Evaluation Of Parent Education And Parent Group Therapy As Treatment Components For Child Abusers, Jane Susan Crawford

Dissertations and Theses

Treatment for child abusers was evaluated using two methods: reviewing three areas of literature and surveying practitioners.

The Effects Of Instructions On Prosocial Behavior Of Preschool Children, Jane Marie Blackwell

Dissertations and Theses

This experiment examined the effects of instructions on the prosocial behavior (i.e., helping, sharing, teaching, and sympathy) of preschool children. Forty-eight individual children (X = 56.7 months) interacted with two adult women on two separate occasions, an initial session measuring baseline levels of prosocial behavior, and a second session several days later. In the second session, children received instructions in helping, sharing, and teaching, and an opportunity to rehearse, or practice, these prosocial behaviors. Children were given either power assertive instructions (i.e., instructions which directly told the child what to do), or inductive instructions (i.e., instructions which focused the child's …

Images Of Women And Men In Contemporary Pop Song: Production And Perception, Gloriaa Norgang

Master's Theses

This study explored the images of women and men presented in the 1978 top 25 pop songs. An evaluation of these images was made by 23 women and 21 men. Each evaluator chose one of seven descriptors (objectifier, diminutizer, user, appreciating, used, diminutized, and objectified) to describe each female and male character in each pop song. Chi square analyses indicated that the sex of character effect on the descriptor frequencies was significant for women and men evaluators. Differences between women and men evaluators were not significant for female nor male characters. Analyses of data from both women and men evaluators …

Culture Shock And Adaptation Among Student Missionaries To Japan, Sheryl J. Craig

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to delineate certain parameters of the experience of student missionaries to Japan. This study was a longitudinal, descriptive study which identified background characteristics, aspects of the adaptation process, and stages and intensity of culture shock.

A group of twenty-seven student missionaries were followed from their arrival in Japan, which occurred over a three-month summer period, through the following May, just prior to their expected departure. Data were gathered using interviews, questionnaires, a semantic differential (to measure attitudes), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.

The time when subjects were most at risk for high anxiety, poorer …

Consciousness, Neurons, And Laughing Gas, Dody Michelson Orendurff

Dissertations and Theses

Psychological and physiological effects of nitrous oxide resemble those of eight other drug categories. Lipid solubility or hydrate microcrystal theories correlate behavioral measures with measurable parameters of the molecule N₂O. N₂O, a spindle poison, halts mitosis in metaphase, producing widespread physiological consequences. N₂O affects the microtubules of the spindle in a number of specific ways. Microtubules are utilized in other parts of eukaryotic cells, in a wide variety of functions. In neurons, microtubules build and maintain dendritic sensory processes. Since microtubules are built of two dissimilar proteins, constantly assemble and disassemble, and maintain a …

Evaluation Of Level Of Stress And Group Cohesiveness In The Wilderness Experience Using The Mmpi And Sociograms, Susan Elaine Roden Cave

Psychology ETDs

An experiential treatment program based on the concepts of Outward Bound, the Wilderness Experience was investigated regarding its thera­peutic efficacy for the criminal first offender and offenders soon to be placed on probation/parole. The level of stress, defined as danger de morte or fear of death, and the degree of group cohesiveness that developed in the small working groups were studied as the principal causative actors for therapeutic gain. Relative to a control group composed of offender volunteers at the Penitentiary of New Mexico undergoing sixty-day diagnostic evaluation, different therapeutic effects were found for the two levels of stress. Using …

An Experimental Model Using Dance Training As Therapy For Women Over Thirty Five, Thelma J. Lofquist

Dissertations and Theses

The intent of this study was to use an experimental model to investigate the use of dance training for improving the self-esteem of women over the age of 35.

Sixteen women over the age of 35 were taught jazz dance over a 10 week period. A pre and post test of the Tennessee Self Concept Scale was used on both a dance group and a no dance group. It was hypothesized there would be positive changes in three of the 10 scores in the TSCS for the dance group, but not for the no dance group. The scores predicted to …

The Role Of The Schema As Indicated By Interference Effects In Memory, Paula Trotter Hertel

Psychology ETDs

Three retroactive interference experiments investigated issues regarding the nature of memory representations for passage information. One approach to passage memory has been to assume that passage theme or gist is stored separately from lower-order representations of passage elements. Another view portrays passage information as stored in an integrated fashion. In this regard, the concept of a schema has been used to indicate either a separately stored structure for passage information, similar to the theme, or a structure which propositionally connects passage elements into a unified representation. Each general view of passage representations and the role of the schema leads to …

Employee Attitude Invariance: A Guide For Personnel Practitioners, Robert A. Cohen

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Use Of The Rorschach With Young Children: Special Considerations In Administration, Scoring, And Interpretation And In The Measurement Of Cognitive Functioning, Patricia Parry Barber

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

A discussion of the Rorschach's validity as a diagnostic tool seems most manageable when validity is addressed not in terms of global personality descriptions, but rather in terms of specific subquestions. This paper investigates the Rorschach's usefulness as an indicator of cognitive functioning in preadolescent children. Within a developmental framework and focusing primarily upon the cognitive theories of Jean Piaget, predictable stages of the child's intellective growth are described with an emphasis on Rorschach response patterns which seem to best chronicle that growth. Empirical data from both clinical and educational spheres are offered as supportive evidence for the Rorschach as …

Operant Techniques For Teaching Speech Behavior To Severely Language Handicapped Children: A Review, James Archbold

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This paper is a detailed review of published research related to the use of operant procedures and techniques in the development of speech behaviors in severely language handicapped children. Review of this literature suggests that there currently exists an operant technology for the development of speech behaviors in a great many severely language handicapped children. Based on the procedures reviewed, a general program for the development of speech behaviors is suggested, which includes behavioral referents by means of which a therapist may both determine the potential utility of the recommended techniques and decide upon an appropriate starting point for training.

Experimental And Standard Formats For Procedural Instruction: Evaluation Of Merging Pictorials And Words, Anne M. Polino

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Three methods of training procedural tasks were studied. Forty-five high aptitude and fourth-five low aptitude Naval trainees from the Basic Electronics and Electricity School, Orlando, Florida, were given training with either a programmed instruction text with a pictorial-print information presentation format, or a standard narrative text. The effects of instructional method and aptitude on the performance of a procedural task after 1 1/2 hours of study and after on week's time were evaluated. It was shown that subjects who studied the programmed instruction text with the pictorial-print information presentation format made significantly (p<.0001) fewer performance errors, immediately after study and after one week, than did the subjects who studied the other methods. It was also shown that high aptitude subjects performed significantly (p<.0001) better than low aptitude subjects, regardless of training method. However, it was found that the low aptitude subjects who studied the programmed instruction text with the pictorial-print information presentation format performed significantly (p < 0.1) better than the low aptitude subjects who studied the other materials. These low aptitude subjects who studied the other materials. These low aptitude subjects also performed significantly (p < .01) better than the high aptitude subjects who studied the standard narrative text.

The Effects Of Marijuana Smoking On Human Subjects: A Literature Review, Gregory Roth Burmeister

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This paper is a critical review of current research on the effects of marijuana use in human subjects. The first three sections provide basic information on the pharmacology of marijuana, the methodological difficulties in marijuana research, and the subjective effects associated with its use. The main body of the paper deals with psychological and physiological effects separately.

How To Make A Token Economy Work: Goals And Variables Of Token Economies With The Institutionalized Mentally Retarded, Laura Ann Wade

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Token systems of reinforcement are an increasingly popular method of modifying the behavior of the institutionalized mentally retarded. The dramatic success of the token economy has resulted in its programmatic use without full consideration for the relevancy of treatment goals and the numerous variables that may contribute to the successful implementation and maintenance of the token economy. An examination of the treatment goals found in the existing literature reveals that two orientations presently exist: management/control and therapeutic/educative. Furthermore, a review of the literature reveals differing methods or variables may contribute to achieving a successful token economy with the mentally retarded. …

Closedmindedness As A Predictor Of Individual Decision-Making Behaviors, Annette I. Jolin

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine whether closemindedness is related to decision-making behaviors. The decision-making variables in this study were: Pieces of Information, Decision Change, Decision Confidence, Decision Accuracy and, post hoc, Decision Appropriateness. The measures of decision-making behaviors were obtained from four decision situations developed by the experimenter. Closemindedness was assessed using Rokeach's (1960) Dogmatism (D) scale.

The Bender-Gestalt Test As A Measure Of Creative Production, Craig Logan House

Dissertations and Theses

This study attempted to define creativity in terms of objective, visible products of behavior. An existing psychological instrument, the Bender-Gestalt Test (BGT) was modified in presentation and scoring methods into a test of creative production. This test was chosen because of its similarity to some existing tests of creative production and its theoretical relationship to the associative model of creative production. It was combined with the Making Objects Test (MO) and the Remote Associations Test (RAT) into a three test battery and administered to 90 college students. The three tests were scored and the results correlated with each other to …

The Interruption Of The Developmental Tasks Through Pregnancy In The Female Adolescent, Suzanne Epstein, Kathleen Perkins

Dissertations and Theses

There is much information about the incidence of adolescent pregnancy yet little attention has been directed to how this process will interrupt the working towards or completion of the developmental tasks of adolescence. It is our belief that completion of these tasks is crucial in relation to moving into the next stage, adulthood.

Public interest and concern for the contemporary needs of pregnant adolescents and school age parents as a special group is still fairly novel. Survey findings revealed that adolescent parents still have great need for infant day care services, direct financial assistance, housing arrangements, education, and parenting education. …

An Investigation Of The Consistency Of Stimulus Overselection Of Autistic Children, Patricia O'Meara Walker

Dissertations and Theses

A review of the literature indicated that not all of the research in the area of overselectivity of autistic children has been in agreement. It does seem evident that some autistic children overselect. This could be the result of an attentional factor or a modality preference. This has important implications for the education of autistic children. In the light of the inconsistency of autistic children's reactions to sensory stimuli this investigator believed there was a need to determine if overselection is consistent before referring to the overselected modality as a preferred modality or comparing overselected modalities with the child's mode …

Teachers' Attributions For Children's Performance: The Effects Of Sex Of The Performer, Sex Typing Of The Task, And Grade, Joan Elizabeth Albrecht Riedle

Psychology ETDs

Seventeen teachers from each of the fourth, sixth, and ninth grades completed questionnaires which presented information about children from the teachers’ grade level whose academic performances varied along three within-subjects factors: sex of the child, sex-typing of the task, and outcome. Teachers also classified possible explanations (attributes) for the children’s performances along internal/external and stable/unstable dimensions. The attributes were defined consistently with their theoretical definitions, with the exception that the unstable attributes were rated as more internal than the stable attributes. On objective ratings of the attributes, girls’ successes were attributed to effort and the specific task, negatively implying that …

Utah High School Sophomore Attitudes Toward Women's Roles And Non-Traditional Vocational Career Choices, Ellen S. Walch

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Role behaviors for men and women in our society are undergoing change. Research data to reveal student attitudes toward these role behaviors and choices were needed for the development of strategies to eliminate sex bias and sex stereotyping in our educational programs and ultimately in the socialization process.

The purpose of the study was to collect research data to determine Utah high school student attitudes toward women's roles and non-traditional vocational career choices. The survey instrument used to collect the data was constructed, pilot tested, factor analyzed, and revised prior to its administration to the sample. The revised instrument contained …

A Comparative Study Of Kibbutz Children's And City Children's Concepts Of Family And Self Within The Family, Rachel Tal

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if any significant difference existed between kibbutz and city children in terms of their concept of family and concept of self within the family.

The subjects chosen for the investigation consisted of 51 pupils in the third and fourth grades from two communities in Israel. The two communities were a kibbutz community and a middle class small suburb community. Raw score data were obtained for the investigation from two testing devices. The Draw-A-Family Test (DAF) was used here in order to gain insight to the subjects' perception of the two concepts under …

A Sex Comparison Of Job Satisfaction For Middle Management: Individual And Organizational Influences, Lesley J. Harlow

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Tolerance For Ambiguity And Empathic Listening Skills To Predict Conscientious Crisis Intervention Volunteers, Lois Murphy

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

It was hypothesized that the personality variable Tolerance for Ambiguity and empathic listening skills would significantly differentiate conscientious from nonconscientious crisis intervention volunteers. A group of 20 conscientious and a group of 20 nonconscientious volunteers from a local crisis intervention center were given a test of Tolerance for Ambiguity and a test of empathic listening skills that measured Interest, Understanding, and Response-ability. Results of t-tests between the groups and correlations between the variables indicated that Tolerance for Ambiguity was not a significant differentiator between the two groups. However, it was found that conscientious volunteers had significantly higher levels of Interest …

Effect Of Sensor/Display, Target And Scene Characteristics On Detection Time In The Development Of A Target Acquisition Model, Brian Lee Silbernagel

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Myth Of Death And Rebirth: Its Manifestation In Contemporary Psychology, Randy Ring

Theses

The thesis, "The Myth of Death and Rebirth: Its Manifestation in Contemporary Psychology," explores the pervasive concept of death and rebirth across historical, religious, and psychological contexts. Beginning with the idea's presence in ancient mythologies like the Osiris myth and Eastern religious beliefs, the thesis highlights how these cultural narratives framed death not as an end but as a necessary transition to renewal. It emphasizes the symbolic role of death/rebirth rituals in premodern societies, where they marked transformative life stages and spiritual initiation.

The work transitions into examining modern psychology, particularly the contributions of Carl Jung and others who identified …

Methods For Increasing Children's Comprehension Of Prosocial Values As Transmitted Through Television Programs, Lissette E. Villanueva

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effect of intervening commentary and generalization discussions upon the generalization of prosocial values as transmitted through a commercially broadcast prosocial television program. The subjects participating were 50 first graders and 50 third graders. They were randomly assigned to one of five treatment conditions (control, film only, film with commentary, film with generalization, and film with commentary and generalization). Contrary to predications, the intervening commentary used as a means of directing attention to the critical points in the story, did not have an effect upon the comprehension of the values implied in the program. It is suggested …

A Behavioral Analysis Of Ethical Systems, Glen R. Peterson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.