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Articles 7171 - 7200 of 12661
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Maternal Dissociation, Emotional Acceptance And Child Emotion Regulation: A Study Of Residents In A Family Homeless Shelter For Victims Of Domestic Violence, Brian S. Mueller
Maternal Dissociation, Emotional Acceptance And Child Emotion Regulation: A Study Of Residents In A Family Homeless Shelter For Victims Of Domestic Violence, Brian S. Mueller
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The present study examined the relationships between maternal dissociation, mothers' self-described parenting behaviors in child emotion regulation, and the emotion regulatory capacity of their children. These relationships were investigated in a sample of predominately low-income African-American and Latino mothers and children residing in a domestic violence shelter. In this study, I investigated a mediational model relating maternal dissociation, mother's acceptance of child emotions, and child difficulties in emotion regulation and behavior. I predicted that mothers who reported more dissociative experiences would demonstrate less awareness and acceptance of emotions when they responded to children's sadness, fear, happiness, and anger. I also …
The 'In-Group Advantage' For Perceiving Emotion Across Demographic Groups And Communication Channels, Thomas Myers
The 'In-Group Advantage' For Perceiving Emotion Across Demographic Groups And Communication Channels, Thomas Myers
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The ability to perceive emotions in others is critical to successful social interaction. While much research has been conducted on some of the factors affecting emotion perception, other areas have received relatively little attention and, thus, are not well understood. There is growing evidence to suggest that various demographic factors, as well as their interactions, impact the accuracy of emotion perception. The impact of these factors seems to vary as a function of the particular channel (e.g., facial, prosodic, and lexical) through which emotions are perceived and may even be influenced by the presence of an 'in-group advantage' (IGA; Elfenbein …
The Role Of Posterior Parietal Cortex In Episodic Memory Retrieval: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Studies (Tdcs), Denise Pergolizzi
The Role Of Posterior Parietal Cortex In Episodic Memory Retrieval: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Studies (Tdcs), Denise Pergolizzi
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Neuroimaging studies of recognition memory have shown that greater activity in the lateral posterior parietal cortex (PPC) correlates with successful recognition in a variety of paradigms, but experimental techniques that manipulate brain activity are necessary to determine the specific contribution of the PPC in episodic memory retrieval. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to manipulate cortical excitability. The collection of experiments that comprise this dissertation use tDCS to determine: 1) whether or not the lateral PPC is causally involved in episodic retrieval, and 2) whether the lateral PPC has a direct role in …
Improving Operator Situational Awareness With Wide Area Geographic Data View Displays Of The Electric Power Grid, Esa M. Rantanen, Limor Hochberg, Diego Klabjan, Mingyang Di
Improving Operator Situational Awareness With Wide Area Geographic Data View Displays Of The Electric Power Grid, Esa M. Rantanen, Limor Hochberg, Diego Klabjan, Mingyang Di
Articles
To reduce clutter on wide-area geographic data view displays of electric power systems, substations in geographically compact areas should be spread out and line overlaps and intersections minimized. Such pat- terns optimized with respect to given constraints can be modeled as a multicommodity flow problem. Due to the size of the developed model, we developed two clustering-based iterative algorithms to decompose the global network into smaller regions and then iteratively solve the subproblem in each region by readjusting some values. Three solutions were selected for experimental evaluation. The experimental results were somewhat inconclusive, due to naïve participants, simple task, and …
Social Learning: Parents May Not Always Know Best, Simon C. Griffith, Culum Brown
Social Learning: Parents May Not Always Know Best, Simon C. Griffith, Culum Brown
Social Cognition Collection
The efficiency with which animals learn new skills depends on their ability to choose good tutors. A new study shows that early-life stress causes young zebra finches to switch tutor preference from parents to unrelated adults.
Effects Of Nicotine On A Translational Model Of Working Memory, David Alderson Macqueen
Effects Of Nicotine On A Translational Model Of Working Memory, David Alderson Macqueen
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Cognitive research with human non-smokers has demonstrated that nicotine generally enhances performance on tasks of attention but, working memory does not appear to be affected. In contrast, nicotine has been shown to produce robust enhancements of working memory in non-human animals. To address this disparity, the present study investigated the effects of nicotine (2mg, 4mg nicotine gum, and placebo) on the performance of 30 non-smokers (15 male) completing a working memory task developed for rodents (the odor span task, OST). Nicotine has been reported to enhance OST performance in rodents and the present study sought to determine whether the effect …
Developmental Time Course Of Peripheral Cross‐Modal Sensory Interaction Of The Trigeminal And Gustatory Systems, Jacquelyn M. Omelian, Marissa J. Berry, Adam M. Gomez, Kristi L. Apa, Suzanne I. Sollars
Developmental Time Course Of Peripheral Cross‐Modal Sensory Interaction Of The Trigeminal And Gustatory Systems, Jacquelyn M. Omelian, Marissa J. Berry, Adam M. Gomez, Kristi L. Apa, Suzanne I. Sollars
Psychology Faculty Publications
Few sensory modalities appear to engage in cross‐modal interactions within the peripheral nervous system, making the integrated relationship between the peripheral gustatory and trigeminal systems an ideal model for investigating cross‐sensory support. The present study examined taste system anatomy following unilateral transection of the trigeminal lingual nerve (LX) while leaving the gustatory chorda tympani intact. At 10, 25, or 65 days of age, rats underwent LX with outcomes assessed following various survival times. Fungiform papillae were classified by morphological feature using surface analysis. Taste bud volumes were calculated from histological sections of the anterior tongue. Differences in papillae morphology were …
Remediation Of Childhood Math Anxiety And Associated Neural Circuits Through Cognitive Tutoring, Kaustubh Supekar, Teresa Iuculano, Lang Chen, Vinod Menon
Remediation Of Childhood Math Anxiety And Associated Neural Circuits Through Cognitive Tutoring, Kaustubh Supekar, Teresa Iuculano, Lang Chen, Vinod Menon
Psychology
Math anxiety is a negative emotional reaction that is characterized by feelings of stress and anxiety in situations involving mathematical problem solving. High math-anxious individuals tend to avoid situations involving mathematics and are less likely to pursue science, technology, engineering, and math-related careers than those with low math anxiety. Math anxiety during childhood, in particular, has adverse long-term consequences for academic and professional success. Identifying cognitive interventions and brain mechanisms by which math anxiety can be ameliorated in children is therefore critical. Here we investigate whether an intensive 8 week one-to-one cognitive tutoring program designed to improve mathematical skills reduces …
Coping With Racial Discrimination: The Impact Of Substance Use, Emotional Eating, And Emotional Support On Mental And Physical Health, Maurice Endsley, Jr.
Coping With Racial Discrimination: The Impact Of Substance Use, Emotional Eating, And Emotional Support On Mental And Physical Health, Maurice Endsley, Jr.
Dissertations
Racial discrimination is a likely contributor to disparate health outcomes for African-American and Hispanic-Americans. The current study elaborates on previous research by assessing the impact of three coping variables, substance use, emotional eating, and social support, which may explain the relationship between racial discrimination and poorer perceptions physical functioning and three health maladies, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, the coping responses were hypothesized to serve as protective factors against the development of depression and anger symptoms. A total of 424 Hispanic, African-American participants between the ages of 18 and 65 completed an online survey. A six variable model …
“In A Competition Full Of Hamburgers, You’Re A Steak:” American Idol And The Role Of Reality Television In The Maintenance Of Our Egos, Kathryn L. Braun
“In A Competition Full Of Hamburgers, You’Re A Steak:” American Idol And The Role Of Reality Television In The Maintenance Of Our Egos, Kathryn L. Braun
Kaleidoscope
Over the past decade, reality shows have ascended to the top of the Nielsen rating charts and have assumed a dominance that is difficult to cast aside. One such reality show, American Idol has grown in popularity over its last six seasons. This chapter discusses one of the main arguments of a larger honors thesis that examines the underlying motives that keep American viewers watching. As a cultural commodity, American Idol can be viewed as a product of American values and holds a societal purpose for its viewers. Therefore, the arguments within this chapter propose that the great popularity enjoyed …
Wearing Memories: Clothing And The Global Lives Of Mourning In Swaziland, Casey Golomski
Wearing Memories: Clothing And The Global Lives Of Mourning In Swaziland, Casey Golomski
Anthropology
This article situates a cultural phenomenon of women’s memory work through clothing in Swaziland. It explores clothing as both action and object of everyday, personalized practice that constitutes psychosocial well-being and material proximities between the living and the dead, namely, in how clothing of the deceased is privately possessed and ritually manipulated by the bereaved. While human and spiritual self-other relations are produced through clothing and its material efficacy, current global ideologies of immaterial mortuary ritual associated with Pentecostalism have emerged as contraries to this local, intersubjective grief work. This article describes how such contrarian ideologies paper over existing global …
Finding The Engram., Sheena A Josselyn, Stefan Köhler, Paul W Frankland
Finding The Engram., Sheena A Josselyn, Stefan Köhler, Paul W Frankland
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
Many attempts have been made to localize the physical trace of a memory, or engram, in the brain. However, until recently, engrams have remained largely elusive. In this Review, we develop four defining criteria that enable us to critically assess the recent progress that has been made towards finding the engram. Recent 'capture' studies use novel approaches to tag populations of neurons that are active during memory encoding, thereby allowing these engram-associated neurons to be manipulated at later times. We propose that findings from these capture studies represent considerable progress in allowing us to observe, erase and express the engram.
Development Of A Technology-Based Behavioral Vaccine To Prevent Adolescent Depression: A Health System Integration Model, Benjamin W. Van Voorhees, Tracy Gladstone, Stephanie Cordel, Monika Marko-Holguin, William Beardslee, Sachiko Kuwabara, Mark Allan Kaplan, Joshua Fogel, Anne Diehl, Chris Hansen, Carl Bell
Development Of A Technology-Based Behavioral Vaccine To Prevent Adolescent Depression: A Health System Integration Model, Benjamin W. Van Voorhees, Tracy Gladstone, Stephanie Cordel, Monika Marko-Holguin, William Beardslee, Sachiko Kuwabara, Mark Allan Kaplan, Joshua Fogel, Anne Diehl, Chris Hansen, Carl Bell
Publications and Research
Efforts to prevent depression have become a key health system priority. Currently, there is a high prevalence of depression among adolescents, and treatment has become costly due to the recurrence patterns of the illness, impairment among patients, and the complex factors needed for a treatment to be effective. Primary care may be the optimal location to identify those at risk by offering an Internet-based preventive intervention to reduce costs and improve outcomes. Few practical interventions have been developed. The models for Internet intervention development that have been put forward focus primarily on the Internet component rather than how the program …
Nondysphoric Depressive Symptoms And Cognitive Abilities In Healthy Older Adults, Clint H. Norseth
Nondysphoric Depressive Symptoms And Cognitive Abilities In Healthy Older Adults, Clint H. Norseth
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Research has shown that depression is associated with poorer cognitive performance and cognitive decline. Cognitive functions such as processing speed, language ability, memory, and executive functions have been found to be affected in older adults with depression. However, there is limited research focused on the effects of minimal or mild depressive symptoms in older adults who do not meet criteria for a depressive disorder. Older adults are more likely than any other population to endorse depressive symptoms in the absence of typical dysphoric symptoms that would qualify an individual for a depressive disorder. Understanding the effects of nondysphoric depressive symptoms …
Clinical Essentials For Obesity, Ryan Garry Montanari
Clinical Essentials For Obesity, Ryan Garry Montanari
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
In order for health psychologists to be prepared to address obesity, foundational information on obesity is required. Psychologists have the potential to assist with lifestyle and behavioral modifications, especially when weight problems are tied to mental health conditions. Furthermore, clinicians can focus on triggers for unhealthy choices, in addition to unhealthy beliefs about eating and weight. The purpose of this research project is to provide health psychologists with essential information on the scope, associated risks, and evidence-based interventions for obesity so that they will be better prepared to deliver effective treatments.
Music Listening As Therapy, David M. Rosenblatt
Music Listening As Therapy, David M. Rosenblatt
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Music is a universal phenomenon and is a real, physical thing. It is processed in neural circuits that overlap with language circuits, and it exerts cognitive, emotional, and physiological effects on humans. Many of those effects are therapeutic, such as reduced symptoms of physical and mental ailments. Music is the result of the elements rhythm, melody, harmony, timbre, dynamics, and form. Rhythm is the focus of pop music, and melody is the focus of classical music. The mind perceives and organizes music in learned, consistent ways in order to generate predictions and extract meaning. There are perceptual laws and information …
Discrimination, Substance Use, And Cultural Buffers Among Native American College Students, Brenna L. Greenfield
Discrimination, Substance Use, And Cultural Buffers Among Native American College Students, Brenna L. Greenfield
Psychology ETDs
The negative effects of racial discrimination and microaggressions on health have been consistently documented, but only a handful of studies have examined this topic among Native Americans. The goal of this study was to test the Indigenist Stress-Coping Model (Walters, Simoni, & Evans-Campbell, 2002) among Native American college students attending two post-secondary institutions in the Southwestern United States. It was hypothesized that microaggressions would be positively related to substance use, and that cultural factors would attenuate the strength of this relationship. A total of 347 participants (65% female) completed a one-time online survey that included the Microaggressions Scale, the Actualization …
Medulla: A 2d Sidescrolling Platformer Game That Teaches Basic Brain Structure And Function, Joey R. Fanfarelli, Stephanie Vie
Medulla: A 2d Sidescrolling Platformer Game That Teaches Basic Brain Structure And Function, Joey R. Fanfarelli, Stephanie Vie
Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This article explores the design and instructional effectiveness of Medulla, an educational game meant to teach brain structure and function to undergraduate psychology students. Developed in the retro-style platformer genre, Medulla uses two-dimensional gameplay with pixel-based graphics to engage students in learning content related to the brain, information which is often pre-requisite to more rigorous psychological study. A pretest posttest design was used in an experiment assessing Medulla’s ability to teach psychology content. Results indicated content knowledge was significantly higher on the posttest than the pretest, with a large effect size. Medulla appears to be an effective learning tool. These …
Anticipatory Coarticulation Facilitates Word Recognition In Toddlers, Tristan Mahr, Brianna T.M. Mcmillan, Jenny R. Saffran, Susan Ellis Weismer, Jan Edwards
Anticipatory Coarticulation Facilitates Word Recognition In Toddlers, Tristan Mahr, Brianna T.M. Mcmillan, Jenny R. Saffran, Susan Ellis Weismer, Jan Edwards
Psychology: Faculty Publications
Children learn from their environments and their caregivers. To capitalize on learning opportunities, young children have to recognize familiar words efficiently by integrating contextual cues across word boundaries. Previous research has shown that adults can use phonetic cues from anticipatory coarticulation during word recognition. We asked whether 18-24. month-olds (n= 29) used coarticulatory cues on the word "the" when recognizing the following noun. We performed a looking-while-listening eyetracking experiment to examine word recognition in neutral vs. facilitating coarticulatory conditions. Participants looked to the target image significantly sooner when the determiner contained facilitating coarticulatory cues. These results provide the first evidence …
Bibliotherapy As An Intervention For Aggressive Elementary Children, Kari Newman
Bibliotherapy As An Intervention For Aggressive Elementary Children, Kari Newman
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigated the effect of bibliotherapy as an intervention for aggressive elementary children at a residential treatment center in the western United States. Bibliotherapy was provided for six children, three boys and three girls, ages 9 to 11, Caucasian and Hispanic, who took part in one of two groups. The study involved a multi-baseline design, beginning with a baseline phase, followed by two separate intervention phases comprised of eight sessions of bibliotherapy. Data gathered from almost daily observations along with pre- and post-intervention ratings of aggressive behaviors indicated that four of the six students demonstrated notable decreases in observed …
Assessing And Predicting The Financial Capacity And Financial Literacy Of College Students, Cody Solesbee
Assessing And Predicting The Financial Capacity And Financial Literacy Of College Students, Cody Solesbee
Modern Psychological Studies
This experiment evaluated the relationship between financial capacity, financial literacy, and their supposed predictors. The purpose of this study was to find the best overall predictor of financial capacity and financial literacy, while examining relationships among multiple variables. A neuropsychological battery consisting of eight measures was administered to a sample of 22 males and 28 females, all undergraduates at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Additionally, all participants were Psychology majors. Poor performance by the sample was noted on financial based measures. Estimated IQ, established by the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading, was found in positive correlation with scores …
How Social Activity Affects Exercise In A Rat Model Of Depression Proneness, Jacqueline Rojas
How Social Activity Affects Exercise In A Rat Model Of Depression Proneness, Jacqueline Rojas
Modern Psychological Studies
With depression rising worldwide, finding effective, affordable relief is a pressing global public health need. Social activity and physical activity both function as natural depression remedies, but depression can interfere with these activities. This study explores whether an increase in social activity can simultaneously increase voluntary exercise. If so, a single remedy could potentially yield two benefits. Rats were singly or paired housed to model social activity, and voluntary wheel running was measured. Depression proneness was modeled with Occidental Low-Saccharin- Consuming (LoS) rats; relative to high-saccharin-consuming (HiS) rats, LoS rats are more anxious and vulnerable to stress, both of which …
Toward A Two-Stage Model Of Free Categorization, Gregory J. Smith
Toward A Two-Stage Model Of Free Categorization, Gregory J. Smith
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
This research examines how comparison of objects underlies free categorization, an essential component of human cognition. Previous results using our binomial labeling task have shown that classification probabilities are affected in a graded manner as a function of similarity, i.e., the number of features shared by two objects. In a similarity rating task, people also rated objects sharing more features as more similar. However, the effect of matching features was approximately linear in the similarity task, but superadditive (exponential) in the labeling task. We hypothesize that this difference is due to the fact that people must select specific objects to …
Distance Effects In Similarity Based Free Categorization, Benjamin Alan Miller
Distance Effects In Similarity Based Free Categorization, Benjamin Alan Miller
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
This experiment investigated the processes underlying similarity-based free categorization. Of particular interest was how temporal distance between similar objects affects the likelihood that people will put them into the same novel category. Participants engaged in a free categorization task referred to as binomial labeling. This task required participants to generate a two-part label (A1, B1, C1, etc.) indicating family (superordinate) and species (subordinate) levels of categorization for each object in a visual display. Participants were shown the objects one at a time in a sequential presentation; after labeling each object, they were asked to describe the similarity between that …
Mental Health Screening Of Veterans Diagnosed With Cancer: Analyzing Psychological Distress And Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help, Jessica Jean Baptiste
Mental Health Screening Of Veterans Diagnosed With Cancer: Analyzing Psychological Distress And Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help, Jessica Jean Baptiste
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Studies analyzing mental health care utilization in veterans with a co-occurrence of a medical and psychological diagnosis are still underrepresented in the literature. The primary purpose of this study is to examine psychological screening methods of veterans diagnosed with cancer and determining when these veterans are more likely to endorse psychological symptoms. This information can contribute to the discussion of effective ways of integrating mental health screening in specialty care settings. A correlational, causal-comparative research design is employed to answer the study research questions and hypotheses. The participants include Vietnam, Korean, and World War II veterans seeking oncology services at …
The Impact Of Ethnicity On Executive Functioning In Youth, Silvia M. Henriquez Gerken
The Impact Of Ethnicity On Executive Functioning In Youth, Silvia M. Henriquez Gerken
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Executive function can be defined as a group of processes that guide and direct cognitive functions (Isquith, Roth & Gioia, 2013). Relatively little is known about executive function in ethnic minority children. This dissertation examined whether ethnicity predicts performance and parent rating scores on three executive function processes. To date, no study has teased apart the effects of ethnic minority status and its confounding variables in executive function. A total of 134 Caucasian and African American youth between the ages of 11-17 were included in the study. Of those 134 youth, 116 had complete data (both performance-based scores and rating …
The Influence Of Attentional Control On Hemispheric Processing Of Predictive Inferences, Michael Christopher Shutzenhofer
The Influence Of Attentional Control On Hemispheric Processing Of Predictive Inferences, Michael Christopher Shutzenhofer
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the effects of attentional control on the hemispheric processing of predictive inferences during reading. Participants read texts that were either strongly or weakly constrained towards a predictive inference and performed a lexical decision task to inference-related target words presented to the right or left visual field— hemisphere. Facilitation for strongly constrained predictive inferences was greater than facilitation for weakly constrained predictive inferences in both hemispheres. Readers with high attentional control showed significant facilitation for strongly constrained inferences in the both hemispheres, but only showed significant facilitation for weakly constrained inferences in the left hemisphere. Readers with low …
Human Trafficking & Commercial Sex Exploitation: Treatment Recommendations For An Invisible Population, Abigail K. Wolfe
Human Trafficking & Commercial Sex Exploitation: Treatment Recommendations For An Invisible Population, Abigail K. Wolfe
Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects
This article addresses the issue of human trafficking, also termed modern slavery, specifically focusing on the treatment of survivors of Commercial Sexual Exploitation (CSE). Treatment recommendations are made based on a trauma-focused, relational model aimed at reinstating psychological well-being in the survivor. This article reviews the literature on three related bodies of research due to the absence of direct psychological literature. Literature on captivity, control and torture, literature on the treatment of refugees and asylum seekers, and literature on sexual abuse treatment for those who have been victimized through the sex trade. Additionally, practical aspects of human trafficking are discussed …
Visual Hallucinations Differential Diagnosis Annotated Decision Tree, Shelly D. Davis
Visual Hallucinations Differential Diagnosis Annotated Decision Tree, Shelly D. Davis
Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects
Differential diagnosis of the etiology of visual hallucinations is challenging. Although visual hallucinations can be symptomatic of psychiatric disorder, they more commonly indicate neurological or medical disorders, sensory impairment, or substance intoxication or withdrawal. Accurate diagnosis and treatment is crucial given that misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment intervention can have profound consequences. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the most prevalent causes of visual hallucinations, review the DSM-5 hallucination decision tree, and provide an annotated visual hallucination differential diagnosis decision tree.
Working With Embroideries And Counter-Maps: Engaging Memory And Imagination Within Decolonizing Frameworks, Puleng Segalo, Einat Manoff, Michelle Fine
Working With Embroideries And Counter-Maps: Engaging Memory And Imagination Within Decolonizing Frameworks, Puleng Segalo, Einat Manoff, Michelle Fine
Publications and Research
As people around the world continue to have their voices, desires, and movements restricted, and their pasts and futures told on their behalf, we are interested in the critical project of decolonizing, which involves contesting dominant narratives and hegemonic representations. Ignacio Martín - Baró called these the “collective lies” told about people and politics. This essay reflects within and across two sites of injustice, located in Israel/Palestine and in South Africa, to excavate the circuits of structural violence, internalized colonization and possible reworking of those toward resistance that can be revealed within the stubborn particulars of place, history, and culture. …