Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Commercial Diazinon And Imidacloprid On Microbial Urease Activity In Soil And Sod, C. W. Ingram, Mark S. Coyne, David W. Williams

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Diazinon [O,O-diethyl O-2-isopropyl-6-methyl(pyrimidine-4-yl) phosphorothioate] and imidacloprid [1-(1-[6-chloro-3-pyridinyl]methyl)-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine] are applied to lawns for insect control simultaneously with nitrogenous fertilizers such as urea, but their potential effect on urease activity and nitrogen availability in turfgrass management has not been evaluated. Urease activity in enzyme assays, washed cell assays, and soil slurries was examined as a function of insecticide concentration. Intact cores from field sites were used to assess the effect of insecticide application on urease activity in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) and bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) sod. Bacterial urease fromBacillus pasteurii and plant …

Complete Deletion Of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Hc-Pro: A Null Mutant Is Viable For Systemic Infection, Drake C. Stenger, Roy C. French, Frederick E. Gildow

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) genome lacking HC-Pro was constructed and confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR to systemically infect wheat, oat, and corn. Coupled in vitro transcription/translation reactions indicated that WSMV P1 proteinase cleaved the polyprotein at the P1/P3 junction of the HC-Pro null mutant. The WSMV HC-Pro null mutant was competent for virion formation, but the virus titer was reduced 4.5-fold relative to that of the wild type. Collectively, these results indicate that WSMV HC-Pro is dispensable for replication and movement, two essential processes that are disrupted by point and small-insertion mutations introduced into potyvirus HC-Pro.

Assessing The Health Of Fringing Salt Marshes Along The Fore River And Its Tributaries, Pamela A. Morgan, Lucas Curci, Cayce Dalton, Jeremy Miller

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Casco Bay has experienced two significant oil spills in recent history - the Tamano Tanker spill in 1972 and the Julie N spill in 1996. In addition, the Fore River and its tributaries have experienced numerous small spills over the years, including the August 2002 fuel oil spill (2,900 gallons) and the April 2003 jet fuel spill (6,000 gallons). The impacts of these spills on the fringing salt marshes that line the edges of the Fore River and its tributaries are not well understood. Are these salt marshes resilient enough to withstand these impacts and still act as healthy marshes …

Portable Probes To Measure Electrical Conductivity And Soil Quality In The Field, S.L. Arnold, John W. Doran, James S. Schepers, Brian J. Wienhold, Daniel Ginting, Brigid Amos, S. Gomes

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Soil electrical conductivity (EC) is a useful indicator in managing agricultural systems, but tools for convenient and inexpensive measurements in the field are generally lacking. Handheld conductivity probes were designed to evaluate in-field naturally occurring and human-induced total soluble electrolyte levels in soil and water. The probes were used to survey and monitor EC in the field and to assess soil and water quality as related to environmental stability and sustainable food production. A pencil-sized 16-cm probe (PP) was connected to a handheld Hanna (DiST WP 4) conductivity meter, resulting in an economical, compact, and easy to use device. The …

Composition And Methods Of Using The Mirabilis Mosaic Caulimovirus Sub-Genomic Transcript (Sgt) Promoter For Plant Genetic Engineering, Indu B. Maiti, Nrisingha Dey

Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Faculty Patents

The isolation of and methods of using a sub-genomic transcript (Sgt) promoter from Mirabilis mosaic virus (MMV) are described. A 333 bp MMV Sgt promoter fragment (sequence−306 to +27 from the transcription start site, TSS) was found to be sufficient for strongest promoter activity. This MMV Sgt promoter fragment shows comparable promoter activity to the MMV FLt promoter both in transgenic plants and in protoplasts. The MMV Sgt promoter also demonstrates much greater activity compared to Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 19S promoter and 35S promoter. The MMV Sgt promoter fragment and any chimeric gene to which it may be linked …

K4, K9 And K18 In Human Histone H3 Are Targets For Biotinylation By Biotinidase, Kenya A. Kobza, Gabriela Camporeale, Brian Rueckert, Alice Kueh, Jacob B. Griffin, Gautam Sarath, Janos Zempleni

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Histones are modified post-translationally, e.g. by methylation of lysine and arginine residues, and by phosphorylation of serine residues. These modifications regulate processes such as gene expression, DNA repair, and mitosis and meiosis. Recently, evidence has been provided that histones are also modified by covalent binding of the vitamin biotin. The aims of this study were to identify biotinylation sites in histone H3, and to investigate the crosstalk among histone biotinylation, methylation and phosphorylation. Synthetic peptides based on the sequence of human histone H3 were used as substrates for enzymatic biotinylation by biotinidase; biotin in peptides was probed using streptavidin peroxidase. …

Nebraska Vine Lines, Volume Viii, Issue 4. August/September 2005.

Nebraska Vine Lines (2003–2006)

• Imad Dami to speak at November 5th Workshop

• Cutting Edge Cultivars: A Report on the Eastern Region ASEV Meeting by Paul E. Read

• Grape Crown Gall Biology and Strategies for Control by Thomas J. Burr

• Fermenter’s Supply and Equipment

• Interdisciplinary Research Program by Chelsey Wasem

• Nebraska Vine Lines by E-mail

• Be sure to put the 9th Annual Forum on your calendar

• Multi-colored Asian Lady Beetles: Good guys with some bad habits by Dr. Frederick Baxendale

• Insect Spotlight: Grape Phylloxera

• Apple Flea Beetles found in Ogallala by Chelsey Wasem

Nebline, August 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

4-H Food Booth at County Fair: Volunteers Have Fun, Rewarding Experience
Support 4-H by Supporting the 4-H Corner Stop
Booth Funds 4-H Council Activities
Household Hints: Energy Saving Ideas
  President’s Notes — Janet’s Jargon
Praise and Encouragement
2005 Scholarship Winner
Pack Your Street Sense When You Pack Your Bags
New Effective Mosquito Repellents Less Greasy, Odor Free
Control Mosquito Populations
Scrap Tire Collection Sept. 24 & 25
Using Natural Enemies to Control Pests
Some Beneficial Predators
Soybean Management Field Day, Aug. 12
Plant Alfalfa in August
St. Johnswort in Lancaster County
Free Soybean Cyst Nematode Sample Kits Available
Ammoniate Wheat …

First Report Of Crown And Stem Rot Of Orchid (Orchis Palustris) Caused By Sclerotinia Minor, C. Eken, S. Ercişli, A. Eşitken, E. Demirci, G. Y. Yuen

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Orchis palustris Jacq. is a wild orchid native to wetlands in eastern Anatolia. During June of 2003, near Erzurum, Turkey, a decline of this orchid was observed in several meadows that had been irrigated for forage production. Stems were chlorotic, wilted, and collapsed. There was a soft, watery rot at the crowns and lower stems. White mycelium and black sclerotia formed on necrotic stem and crown tissues. The fungus was isolated from sclerotia on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and identified as Sclerotinia minor Jagger on the basis of small sclerotia (0.5 to 2.5 mm long) scattered throughout the colonies (2). …

B.R. Wells Rice Research Studies 2004, R. J. Norman, J. F. Meullenet, K. A.K. Moldenhauer

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Annual Carbon Dioxide Exchange In Irrigated And Rainfed Maize-Based Agroecosystems, Shashi Verma, Achim Dobermann, Kenneth G. Cassman, Daniel T. Walters, Johannes M. H. Knops, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Andrew E. Suyker, George Burba, Brigid Amos, Haishun Yang, Daniel Ginting, Kenneth Hubbard, Anatoly A. Gitelson, Elizabeth A. Walter-Shea

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Carbon dioxide exchange was quantified in maize–soybean agroecosystems employing year-round tower eddy covariance flux systems and measurements of soil C stocks, CO₂ fluxes from the soil surface, plant biomass, and litter decomposition. Measurements were made in three cropping systems: (a) irrigated continuous maize, (b) irrigated maize–soybean rotation, and (c) rainfed maize–soybean rotation during 2001–2004. Because of a variable cropping history, all three sites were uniformly tilled by disking prior to initiation of the study. Since then, all sites are under no-till, and crop and soil management follow best management practices prescribed for production-scale systems. Cumulative daily gain of C …

Sheep Updates 2005 - Part 3, Rob Davidson, David Pethick, C. F. Engelke, B. D. Siebert, K. Gregg, A-D G. Wright, P. E. Vercoe, Robin Jacob, Russell Barnett, Joanne Sneddon, Sandra Brown, G. Rose, C. Kabore, J Dart, Stuart Adams

Sheep Updates

This session covers seven papers from different authors: CUSTOMER 1. Benefits VIAscanR to producers and WAMMCO, Rob Davidson, Supply Development Manager, David Pethick, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Studies, Murdock University. 2. Healthy fats in lamb: how WA lambs compare with others, C. F. Engelke Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, bCSIRO Livestock Industries, Western Australia B.D. Siebert, Department of Animal Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia, K. Gregg, Centre for High-Throughput Agricultural Genetic Analysis, Murdoch University, Western Australia. A-D.G. Wright CSIRO Livestock Industries, Western Australia, P.E Vercoe Animal Biology, University of Western Australia 3. Shelf life of fresh lamb …

Evaluating Modeling Techniques For Cattle Heat Stress Prediction, T. M. Brown-Brandl, David D. Jones, Wayne Woldt

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Researchers have traditionally predicted animal responses by means of statistical models. This study was conducted to evaluate modeling techniques. One hundred and twenty-eight feedlot heifers were observed during a 2-month period during the summer of 2002. Respiration rate and surface temperature were taken on a random sample of 40 animals twice a day. Five different models (two statistical models, two fuzzy inference systems, and one neural network) were developed using 70% of this data, and then tested using the remaining 30%. Results showed that the neural network described the most variation in test data (68%), followed by the data-dependent fuzzy …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Summer 2005, Volume 11, No. 3

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Why Do We All Work So Hard on Our Lawns? Blame Habit, Snobbery by Cynthia Crosses

Intensify Extensive Beef Systems? by Terry Klopfenstein, Jeff Folmer, and Galen Erickson

CGS Citizens Advisory Council and Associates Visit Southwestern Nebraska

Audubon’s First Important Bird Areas in Nebraska Announced

XX International Grassland Congress by Walter Schacht, Department of Agronomy, UNL

Visit the Ecological Site Information System by George Peacock, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Central National Technology Support Center, Fort Worth, Texas

Opportunity for Holistic Management Training

A New Species Of Streptanthus (Brassicaceae) From Three Peaks In Lake County, California, Rebecca W. Dolan, Richard O'Donnell

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Streptanlhus vernalis is a newly described species inhabiting serpentine rock outcrops in the Three Peaks area in Lake County, California. Morphological and allozyme data indicate that this taxon is related to the S. morrisonii complex.

Forage News [2005-07], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• U.K. All Commodity Field Day to be Held in Princeton July 28
• WKU Wins AFGC Grassland Evaluation Contest
• Kentuckian’s Fair Well at AFGC
• Using Poultry Litter on Pastures
• Hay Moisture Meters and More
• Does Fertilizer Harm Soil Microbes?
• Upcoming Events

Nebline, July 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Avoid Portion Distortion With MyPyramid’s Specific Guidelines
Mandevilla — Tropical Vine with Showy Flowers
Fragrance in the Garden
Garden Guide: Things to do this month
Most Leaf Galls Don’t Harm Trees
Traveling This Summer? Find Bedbugs in Hotel Rooms Before They Find You!
Household Hazardous Waste Collections, June 24 & 25
Some Insects Thrive on Rat Poison
P3 Intern Working at Extension
Pine Wilt Disease
How to Sample for Pinewood Nematode
Pine Species to Avoid Planting
Presentation on Sustainable Agriculture, July 8
Predicting the Last Irrigation for Corn, Milo and Soybeans
Irrigating Summer Turf
In Hot Weather, Raise Mower Height …

Plant Virus Hc-Pro Is A Determinant Of Eriophyid Mite Transmission, Drake C. Stenger, Gary L. Hein, Frederick E. Gildow, Kempton M. Horken, Roy C. French

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The eriophyid mite transmitted Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV; genus Tritimovirus, family Potyviridae) shares a common genome organization with aphid transmitted species of the genus Potyvirus. Although both tritimoviruses and potyviruses encode helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) homologues (required for nonpersistent aphid transmission of potyviruses), sequence conservation is low (amino acid identity, ~16%), and a role for HC-Pro in semipersistent transmission of WSMV by the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella [Keifer]) has not been investigated. Wheat curl mite transmissibility was abolished by replacement of WSMV HC-Pro with homologues of an aphid transmitted potyvirus (Turnip mosaic virus), …

Pineywoods Native Plant Center, July 2005, Sfa Gardens, Stephen F. Austin State University

SFA Gardens Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Introduction To Taxonomy, Larry A. Sagers, Gretchen Campbell

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

High-Throughput Immunoblotting Identifies Biotin-Dependent Signaling Proteins In Hepg2 Hepatocarcinoma Cells1, Rocio Rodriguez-Melendez, Jacob B. Griffin, Gautam Sarath, Janos Zempleni

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Biotin affects the abundance of mRNA coding for ~10% of genes expressed in human-derived hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells. Here, we determined whether effects of biotin on gene expression are associated with changes in the abundance of distinct proteins in cell signaling and structure. HepG2 cells were cultured in media containing the following concentrations of biotin: 0.025 nmol/L (denoted “deficient”), 0.25 nmol/L (“physiological” = control), and 10 nmol/L (“pharmacological”) for 10 d before harvesting. The abundance of 1009 proteins from whole-cell extracts was quantified by using high-throughput immunoblots. The abundance of 44 proteins changed by at least 25% in biotin-deficient and biotin-supplemented …

Pseudomonas Syringae Type Iii Chaperones Shco1, Shcs1, And Shcs2 Facilitate Translocation Of Their Cognate Effectors And Can Substitute For Each Other In The Secretion Of Hopo1-1, Ming Guo, Scott T. Chancey, Fang Tian, Zhengxiang Ge, Yashitola Jamir, James R. Alfano

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

The Pseudomonas syringae type III secretion system (TTSS) translocates effector proteins into plant cells. Several P. syringae effectors require accessory proteins called type III chaperones (TTCs) to be secreted via the TTSS. We characterized the hopO1-1, hopS1, and hopS2 operons in P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000; these operons encode three homologous TTCs, ShcO1, ShcS1, and ShcS2. ShcO1, ShcS1, and ShcS2 facilitated the type III secretion and/or translocation of their cognate effectors HopO1-1, HopS1, and HopS2, respectively. ShcO1 and HopO1-1 interacted with each other in yeast two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation assays. Interestingly, ShcS1 and ShcS2 were capable of substituting for …

Nebline, June 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Meth Production is Toxic to Communities
2005 Perennial Plant of the Year
Climbing, Twining and Vining
Plant a Moss and Wire Hanging Basket
Itch Mite Update: Extension Will Warn When “Mite Showers” May Happen
Spider Bites? Look for Yellow Sac Spiders
Spider Bites or Skin Infection?
Scouting and Treating for Soybean Rust
The Nebraska LEAD Program
June is Noxious Weed Awareness Month
President’s Notes — Janet’s Jargon
Household Hints: Cleaning Dirty Socks
Take Time for Family Activities
FCE News & Events
Cleaning Supplies Checklist
MyPyramid: The Basics
MVP Pudding with Milk Recipe
Water is a Nutrient, Too
June is Dairy …

Influence Of Biocontrol Insects On Canada Thistle: Seed Production, Germinability, And Viability, Gary E. Larson, Tim A. Wittig, Kenneth F. Higgins, Brent Turnipseed, Dawn M. Gardner

The Prairie Naturalist

We conducted surveys of thistle-feeding insects on Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] during the 2000 and 2001 growing seasons at Lacreek National Wildlife Refuge (LNWR), South Dakota, and analyzed their impact on thistle seed production, germination, and viability. Insects included Canada thistle stem weevil [Hadroplontus litura, formerly Ceurtorhynchus lilura, (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)], introduced at LNWR as a biocontrol agent, plus two seed head parasites, the thistle head weevil [Rhinocyllus conicus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)] and the seed head fly [Terellia ruficauda (Diptera: Tephritidae)]. Infestation by these insects caused no significant reduction in per-head seed yield, with means ranging from 82.5 seeds per …

Christmas Bird Counts For North Dakota 2004, Robert N. Randall

The Prairie Naturalist

Christmas Bird Counts were made in 21 areas in North Dakota again in the year 2004. During the year a new count site was established in Pembina County and registered with the Audubon Society but an actual count was not made in the area this year. The location of the all areas in which counts were actually made is shown in Fig. 1. A relatively mild fall season leading up to the count period left much more open water than normal. Weather conditions during the count period varied widely with some areas reporting temperatures in the 40's and 50's of, …

Biological Notes On Ground-Nesting Digger Wasps From Western Nebraska, Robert W. Matthews, Janice R. Matthews

The Prairie Naturalist

Nine species of sphecid wasps nesting in sparsely vegetated sandy soils near Ogallala, Keith County, Nebraska were studied during June 2003. The first records of the nest and prey of Cerceris clypeata gnarina Banks and Tachysphex williamsi R. Bohart are presented. Two species of weevils, Baris striata Say and B. subsimilis Casey, were prey of C. clypeata gnarina, with 12 to 22 individuals stocked per cell. Because B. subsimilis is a biological control agent for thistle, this finding is a caution to researchers not to ignore the potential impact of predatory wasps on the community. The single nest of T …

Grazing Intensity Effects On Northern Plains Mixed-Grass Prairie, Wendi M. Rogers, Donald R. Kirby, Paul E. Nyren, Bob D. Patton, Edward S. Dekeyser

The Prairie Naturalist

We evaluated the effects of long-term (1988 to 2000) grazing on northern mixed-grass prairie at tI.e Central Grasslands Research Extension Center in south-central North Dakota. We did not detect a difference in herbaceous basal cover between grazing intensities following 12 consecutive years of season-long moderate (50% removal of annual above-ground standing crop) and heavy (80% removal of annual above-ground standing crop) grazing. However, both moderate and heavy grazing intensities reduced above-ground herbaceous standing crop, total root biomass, and soil organic carbon. Moderate grazing intensity maintained a greater amount of deep (10 to 20 cm) and total root biomass relative to …

The Prairie Naturalist: Volume 37, No. 2 June 2005

The Prairie Naturalist

BIOLOGICAL NOTES ON GROUND-NESTING DIGGER WASPS FROM WESTERN NEBRASKA R. W. Matthews, and J. R. Matthews 61

GRAZING INTENSITY EFFECTS ON NORTHERN PLAINS MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE W. M. Rogers, D. R. Kirby, P. E. Nyren, B. D. Patton, and E. S. DeKeyser 73

INFLUENCE OF BIOCONTROL INSECTS ON CANADA THISTLE: SEED PRODUCTION.,GERMINABILITY, AND VIABILITY G. E. Larson, T. A. Wittig, K. F. Higgins, B. Turnipseed, and D. M Gardner 85

MAMMALS OF FORT LEAVENWORTH, KANSAS: A 6O-YEAR FOLLOW-UP TO BRUMWELL (1951) c. R. Davis, F. B. Stangl, Jr., and L. W. Robbins 101

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA 2004 R. …

Mutagenesis Of Β-1,3-Glucanase Genes In Lysobacter Enzymogenes Strain C3 Results In Reduced Biological Control Activity Toward Bipolaris Leaf Spot Of Tall Fescue And Pythium Damping-Off Of Sugar Beet, Jeffrey D. Palumbo, Gary Y. Yuen, C. Christine Jochum, Kristin Tatum, Donald Y. Kobayashi

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Lysobacter enzymogenes produces extracellular lytic enzymes capable of degrading the cell walls of fungi and oomycetes. Many of these enzymes, including β-1,3-glucanases, are thought to contribute to the biological control activity expressed by several strains of the species. L. enzymogenes strain C3 produces multiple extracellular β-1,3-glucanases encoded by the gluA, gluB, and gluC genes. Analysis of the genes indicates they are homologous to previously characterized genes in the related strain N4-7, each sharing >95% amino acid sequence identity to their respective counterparts. The gluA and gluC gene products encode enzymes belonging to family 16 glycosyl …

Nitrogen Use Efficiency – State Of The Art, Achim R. Dobermann

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nitrogenous fertilizers have contributed much to the remarkable increase in food production that has occurred during the past 50 years (Smil, 2001). Globally, however, N fertilizers also account for 33% of the total annual creation of Nr or 63% of all anthropogenic sources of reactive nitrogen (Nr) (Table 1). Reactive nitrogen is defined as all biologically, photochemically, and/or radiatively active forms of N -- a diverse pool of nitrogenous compounds that includes organic compounds (e.g. urea, amines, proteins, amides), mineral N forms, such as NO₃^- and NH₄⁺ as well as gases that are chemically active in …