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Study Of Phylogenetic Relationship Of Turkish Species Ofmatthiola (Brassicaceae) Based On Issr Amplification, Beki̇r Doğan, Mustafa Çeli̇k, Murat Ünal, Abdurrahman Sefali, Esra Marti̇n, Ayla Kaya Jan 2016

Study Of Phylogenetic Relationship Of Turkish Species Ofmatthiola (Brassicaceae) Based On Issr Amplification, Beki̇r Doğan, Mustafa Çeli̇k, Murat Ünal, Abdurrahman Sefali, Esra Marti̇n, Ayla Kaya

Turkish Journal of Botany

Matthiola W.T.Aiton is a taxonomically complex genus in which there are many problems, mostly with Matthiola longipetala and M. Odoratissima. Matthiola species native to Turkey were collected from various locations in Anatolia, and their DNA was isolated. Revision studies performed on the basis of molecular data obtained from studies conducted in recent years have made the phylogenetic relationships and systematic positions of the taxa more apparent and reliable. Consequently, the remaining taxonomic problems among the species have been resolved through the use of DNA-based molecular analysis methods, which, unlike phenotype studies, are not affected by environmental factors. The inter-simple sequence …

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The Examinations Of Achene Ultrastructural Features Of Section Acrolophus(Centaurea, Asteraceae) Via Scanning Electron Microscopy, Feyza Candan, Tuna Uysal, Osman Tugay, Meryem Bozkurt, Kuddi̇si̇ Ertuğrul, Hakki Demi̇relma Jan 2016

The Examinations Of Achene Ultrastructural Features Of Section Acrolophus(Centaurea, Asteraceae) Via Scanning Electron Microscopy, Feyza Candan, Tuna Uysal, Osman Tugay, Meryem Bozkurt, Kuddi̇si̇ Ertuğrul, Hakki Demi̇relma

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, the achene surfaces of 31 taxa belonging to the genus Centaurea L. Were examined in detail by means of electron microscopy. The main aim of this study was to characterize the microsculpture of the achene surface of the Turkish species of Centaurea sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC. (Asteraceae). Detailed descriptions of the achene surface were given for each taxon and a fruitful dendrogram was established by numerical analyses derived from the determined micromorphological features. The relationships among the taxa studied were briefly assessed using this generated dendrogram. The results indicated that the examined taxa had very high variations …

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Astragalus Topalanense (Fabaceae), A New Species From Turkey, Ahmet İlçi̇m, Lütfi̇ Behçet Jan 2016

Astragalus Topalanense (Fabaceae), A New Species From Turkey, Ahmet İlçi̇m, Lütfi̇ Behçet

Turkish Journal of Botany

Astragalus topalanense Behçet and İlçim sp. Nov. (section Malacothrix Bunge) is described as a new species from Bingöl Province, East Anatolia in Turkey. The new species is similar to Astragalus macrouroides Hub.-Mor., a species endemic to Turkey, and A. Macrourus Fisch. And C.A.Mey. The diagnostic characters and taxonomic comments on the species are presented. Seed and pollen characteristics are investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy. Notes are also presented on its ecology. A distribution map of the new and related species is also provided.

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Leaflet Trichome Micromorphology In The Dolentes-Brevipedes Taxonomic Complex (Mimosa L., Mimosoideae), Mariana Grohar, Sonia Rosenfeldt, Matias Morales Jan 2016

Leaflet Trichome Micromorphology In The Dolentes-Brevipedes Taxonomic Complex (Mimosa L., Mimosoideae), Mariana Grohar, Sonia Rosenfeldt, Matias Morales

Turkish Journal of Botany

We studied leaflets of 18 taxa of the genus Mimosa, specifically the Dolentes-Brevipedes taxonomic complex, focusing on micromorphology, type, shape, and density of trichomes. Within the nonglandular trichomes we described 3 types of nonbranched and 2 types of branched trichomes. We also described 2 types of stalked glandular trichomes, extending the recent classifications of trichomes in Mimosa. Multiseriate trichomes with lateral projections, which resemble incipient branching, are described here for many taxa. Most studied taxa have pubescent leaflets and show great variability in trichome density values. We also found 3 different types of blade margins with variation in type, alignment, …

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First Record Of Psylliostachys Spicata (Plumbaginaceae), Confirmation Of Salvia Pratensis (Lamiaceae) From Turkey, And Taxonomic Status Of Salvia Ertekinii, Ferhat Celep, Osman Karabacak, Maryam Malekmohammadi, Mehmet Fi̇dan, Musa Doğan Jan 2016

First Record Of Psylliostachys Spicata (Plumbaginaceae), Confirmation Of Salvia Pratensis (Lamiaceae) From Turkey, And Taxonomic Status Of Salvia Ertekinii, Ferhat Celep, Osman Karabacak, Maryam Malekmohammadi, Mehmet Fi̇dan, Musa Doğan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Psylliostachys spicata (Plumbaginaceae) is reported as a new genus record for Turkey; an amended species description is given. Bossier's record of Salvia pratensis (Lamiaceae) in Flora Orientalis is confirmed from Turkey. Additionally, the endemic Salvia ertekinii is reduced to a synonym of Salvia pinnata.

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Vietnamese Ganoderma: Growth, Peculiarities, And Low-Molecular Composition Compared To European And Siberian Strains, Olga Tsivileva, Thao Nguyen, Long Vu, Nikolai Yurasov, Marina Chernyshova, Alexander Petrov, Viktor Galushka, Alexei Markin, Oleg Koftin Jan 2016

Vietnamese Ganoderma: Growth, Peculiarities, And Low-Molecular Composition Compared To European And Siberian Strains, Olga Tsivileva, Thao Nguyen, Long Vu, Nikolai Yurasov, Marina Chernyshova, Alexander Petrov, Viktor Galushka, Alexei Markin, Oleg Koftin

Turkish Journal of Botany

The species from the genus Ganoderma are known to be extremely important macrofungi in fundamental biological, medicinal, and socioeconomic aspects. The present communication describes the brief morphological description, macro- and microscopic details, and chemical constituents of the representatives of five species of Ganoderma mushroom collected from different sites in Vietnamese National Parks. These species were Ganoderma colossus, G. Neojaponicum, G. Cattienensis, G. Lucidum, and G. Applanatum. Three additional herbarium strains of Ganoderma from European and Siberian regions have been implemented in the present framework for the purposes of comparison. Cultural characterization on solid and liquid fermentation, and scanning electron microscopy …

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Contributions To Turkish Pyronemataceae From Gaziantep Province, Abdullah Kaya, Yasi̇n Uzun, İbrahi̇m Hali̇l Karacan, Semi̇ha Yakar Jan 2016

Contributions To Turkish Pyronemataceae From Gaziantep Province, Abdullah Kaya, Yasi̇n Uzun, İbrahi̇m Hali̇l Karacan, Semi̇ha Yakar

Turkish Journal of Botany

Fourteen pyronemataceous macrofungi taxa (Aleuria exigua Rifai; Cheilymenia catenipila J. Moravec; Cheilymenia vitellina (Pers.) Dennis; Geopyxis majalis (Fr.) Sacc.; Geopyxis vulcanalis (Peck) Sacc.; Humaria aurantia (Clem.) Häffner, Benkert and Krisai; Kotlabaea deformis (P. Karst.) Svrcek; Pulvinula johannis Lantieri; Pyronema domesticum (Sowerby) Sacc.; Scutellinia trechispora (Berk. and Broome) Lambotte; Smardaea planchonis (Dunal ex Boud.) Korf and W.Y. Zhuang; Tricharina ochroleuca (Bres.) Eckblad; Tricharina praecox (P. Karst.) Dennis; and Trichophaeopsis bicuspis (Boud.) Korf and Erb) are given as new records for the mycobiota of Turkey from Gaziantep Province. Three of them are the first members of the genera Kotlabaea Svrcek, Smardaea Svrcek, …

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Taxonomy Of The Genus Athallia And Its Diversity In Turkey, Jan Vondrak, Mehmet Gökhan Halici, Mi̇that Güllü, Rasi̇me Demi̇rel Jan 2016

Taxonomy Of The Genus Athallia And Its Diversity In Turkey, Jan Vondrak, Mehmet Gökhan Halici, Mi̇that Güllü, Rasi̇me Demi̇rel

Turkish Journal of Botany

Molecular analyses of ITS nrDNA, using 42 new and 56 GenBank sequences, revealed 12 supported lineages of Athallia consistent with phenotype data. We regard these lineages as species. Eight of them were previously recognized as species in Athallia, and here we make three new combinations: A. Baltistanica, A. Brachyspora, and A. Necator. Eight of these species have been recorded in Turkey; of them, A. Baltistanica and A. Saxifragarum are new to the country. The former is also new to Greece. Athallia baltistanica is recorded for the first time outside the Karakoram Mountains (N Pakistan). We propose a broader species concept …

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A Taxonomic Revision Of The Genus Cirsium Mill. Sect. Cirsium(Asteraceae: Cardueae) In Turkey, Bayram Yildiz, Turan Arabaci, Tuncay Di̇rmenci̇, Serkan Köstekci̇ Jan 2016

A Taxonomic Revision Of The Genus Cirsium Mill. Sect. Cirsium(Asteraceae: Cardueae) In Turkey, Bayram Yildiz, Turan Arabaci, Tuncay Di̇rmenci̇, Serkan Köstekci̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, the members of the genus Cirsium Mill. sect. Cirsium (Asteraceae: Cardueae) in Turkey are revised. The species C. eliasianum Kit Tan & Sorger is regarded as a synonym of C. frickii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. The name C. alatum subsp. alatum was misapplied for C. elodes M.Bieb. and C. elodes was misapplied in Turkey for C. subinerme Fisch. & C.A.Mey. In addition, two new hybrids, C. × prativagum Petr. and C. × woronowii Petr., are newly recorded for the flora of Turkey. The lectotype of C. pseudopersonata Boiss. & Balansa ex Boiss. subsp. kusnezowianum (Sommier & Levier) Petr. …

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In Vitro Seed Germination, Plantlet Growth, Tuberization, And Syntheticseed Production Of Serapias Vomeracea (Burm.F.) Briq., Ersan Bektaş, Atalay Sökmen Jan 2016

In Vitro Seed Germination, Plantlet Growth, Tuberization, And Syntheticseed Production Of Serapias Vomeracea (Burm.F.) Briq., Ersan Bektaş, Atalay Sökmen

Turkish Journal of Botany

Orchids are considered recalcitrant plants in in vitro propagation. Due to the lack of appropriate micropropagation techniques for mass production and damage to their ecological distribution posed by local gatherers, these species are threatened with extinction, including Serapias vomeracea (Burm.f.) Briq. In this research, we put forward a complete micropropagation method covering in vitro micropropagation, synthetic seed formation, germination in soil, and acclimatization to ambient conditions. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of successful synthetic seed formation and germination of S. vomeracea. Initially, seeds were germinated in different culture media and also media supplemented with …

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Abiotic Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Oaks In Lebanon, Jean Stephan, Lara Chayban, Federico Vessella Jan 2016

Abiotic Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Oaks In Lebanon, Jean Stephan, Lara Chayban, Federico Vessella

Turkish Journal of Botany

This study is a first tentative attempt to understand the driving abiotic factors affecting the distribution of 7 oak taxa and 3 hybrids in Lebanon and to elucidate differences amongst the ecological niche. A field survey was conducted all over Lebanon, where taxa at 91 points were georeferenced and inventoried. GIS tools were used to overlay attributed data for the studied parameters including biogeographic, bioclimatic, and orographic parameters. Discriminant factor analysis (DFA) was performed to evaluate the variables maximizing the variance among oak species and to point out the most discriminatory factors shaping their actual distribution. The results showed that …

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World Checklist Of Hornworts And Liverworts, Lars Söderström, Anders Hagborg, Matt Von Konrat, Sharon Bartholomew-Began, David Bell, Laura Briscoe, Elizabeth Brown, D. Christine Cargill, Denise P. Costa, Barbara J. Crandall-Stotler, Endymion D. Cooper, Gregorio Dauphin, John J. Engel, Kathrin Feldberg, David Glenny, S. Robbert Gradstein, Xiaolan He, Jochen Heinrichs, Jörn Hentschel, Anna Luiza Ilkiu-Borges, Tomoyuki Katagiri, Nadezhda A. Konstantinova, Juan Larraín, David G. Long, Martin Nebel, Tamás Pócs, Felisa Puche, Elena Reiner-Drehwald, Matt A.M. Renner, Andrea Sass-Gyarmati, Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp, José Gabriel Segarra Moragues, Raymond E. Stotler, Phiangphak Sukkharak, Barbara M. Thiers, Jaime Uribe, Jiří Váňa, Juan Carlos Villarreal, Martin Wigginton, Li Zhang, Rui-Liang Zhu Jan 2016

World Checklist Of Hornworts And Liverworts, Lars Söderström, Anders Hagborg, Matt Von Konrat, Sharon Bartholomew-Began, David Bell, Laura Briscoe, Elizabeth Brown, D. Christine Cargill, Denise P. Costa, Barbara J. Crandall-Stotler, Endymion D. Cooper, Gregorio Dauphin, John J. Engel, Kathrin Feldberg, David Glenny, S. Robbert Gradstein, Xiaolan He, Jochen Heinrichs, Jörn Hentschel, Anna Luiza Ilkiu-Borges, Tomoyuki Katagiri, Nadezhda A. Konstantinova, Juan Larraín, David G. Long, Martin Nebel, Tamás Pócs, Felisa Puche, Elena Reiner-Drehwald, Matt A.M. Renner, Andrea Sass-Gyarmati, Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp, José Gabriel Segarra Moragues, Raymond E. Stotler, Phiangphak Sukkharak, Barbara M. Thiers, Jaime Uribe, Jiří Váňa, Juan Carlos Villarreal, Martin Wigginton, Li Zhang, Rui-Liang Zhu

Biology Faculty Publications

A working checklist of accepted taxa worldwide is vital in achieving the goal of developing an online flora of all known plants by 2020 as part of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. We here present the first-ever worldwide checklist for liverworts (Marchantiophyta) and hornworts (Anthocerotophyta) that includes 7486 species in 398 genera representing 92 families from the two phyla. Th e checklist has far reaching implications and applications, including providing a valuable tool for taxonomists and systematists, analyzing phytogeographic and diversity patterns, aiding in the assessment of floristic and taxonomic knowledge, and identifying geographical gaps in our understanding of …

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Efficiency Of The Nuclease I-Scei In Excising Selectable Marker Genes From The Plant Genome, Elliot E. Pruett, Soumen Nandy, Vibha Srivastava Jan 2016

Efficiency Of The Nuclease I-Scei In Excising Selectable Marker Genes From The Plant Genome, Elliot E. Pruett, Soumen Nandy, Vibha Srivastava

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Gene stacking is a method used in biotechnology by which multiple genes can be placed at a single genomic site, thereby simplifying plant breeding. In this approach, DNA nucleases are used for excising selectable marker genes (SMG), which are the unneeded components of transgenic plants. The goal of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness of the nuclease I-SceI in excising DNA in plants. Specifically, this study tests heat-inducible I-SceI through the use of a heat-shock promoter (HS) in order to control SMG excision by heat application. The DNA plasmid containing a visual marker gene flanked by I-SceI target sites …

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Improving Germination Rates For Select Native Perennial Seeds Of The Sonoran Desert, Nha Trang Vivian Sam, Scott Abella, Lindsay P. Chiquoine Jan 2016

Improving Germination Rates For Select Native Perennial Seeds Of The Sonoran Desert, Nha Trang Vivian Sam, Scott Abella, Lindsay P. Chiquoine

AANAPISI Poster Presentations

Anthropogenic influences, such as the removal of vegetation for road and alternative energy construction, have degraded deserts of the southwestern United States (Abella, 2010). Sensitive and endangered wildlife, such as the desert tortoise, are dependent on desert vegetation for their diet and habitat in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts (Nussear et al., 2009). Disturbed desert lands contribute to increasing dust storms, which pose as a human health hazard (Pointing and Belnap, 2014). Revegetation by outplanting nursery-grown plants has been more reliable than seeding for establishing native desert perennials, suggesting a need for further research if seeding is to be successful …

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Insights Into The Molecular Antiviral Mechanism Of Pokeweed Protein From Phytolacca Americana, Valentina R. Aitbakieva, Artem V. Domashevskiy Jan 2016

Insights Into The Molecular Antiviral Mechanism Of Pokeweed Protein From Phytolacca Americana, Valentina R. Aitbakieva, Artem V. Domashevskiy

Publications and Research

Agriculture is an indispensable part of every person’s life, ensuring that nutritious and inexpensive food is readily available. As any other organisms, plants are subject to numerous parasitic infections. Biological evolution has allowed plants to produce a variety of toxic compounds to deal with their pathogens. American pokeweed plant (Phytolacca americana) manufactures pokeweed antiviral protein, a ribosome inactivating protein that disrupts protein synthesis and lowers infectivity of many plant and animal viruses. The intricate mechanism of PAP antiviral activity entails a delicate coordination and interplay of several factors, allowing the plant to battle its invaders. Here, we examine the molecular …

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Using Precision Agriculture Field Data To Evaluate Combine Harvesting Efficiency, Justin H. Carroll, Don Johnson, Jeff Miller, Kristofor Brye Jan 2016

Using Precision Agriculture Field Data To Evaluate Combine Harvesting Efficiency, Justin H. Carroll, Don Johnson, Jeff Miller, Kristofor Brye

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Soybeans must be harvested during a limited time period using expensive combines and associated equipment. Maximizing combine field efficiency, the ratio of the actual harvesting capacity to theoretical harvesting capacity, is an important objective of machinery managers. Spatial and temporal yield data from a 2012 CaseIH 8120 Axial-Flow combine equipped with a 9 meter MacDon D-65 Draper header and the Case-IH Advanced Farming System (AFS) yield monitoring system were used to examine field efficiency when harvesting soybean in three Arkansas Delta irrigated soybean fields during the 2015 season. Time efficiencies (TE) in the three fields ranged from 72.9% to 85.8% …

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A Floristic Study Of The Oak Leaf Lake Unit Of The Swan Lake Wildlife Management Area In Nicollet County, Minnesota, Heidi Rauenhorst Jan 2016

A Floristic Study Of The Oak Leaf Lake Unit Of The Swan Lake Wildlife Management Area In Nicollet County, Minnesota, Heidi Rauenhorst

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Prairies play an integral ecological role, protecting biodiversity and providing habitat for fauna. The number of prairie acres has significantly declined in Minnesota, making the existing prairies that much more valuable. The Oak Leaf Lake Unit of the Swan Lake Wildlife Management Area in Nicollet County, Minnesota (latitude 44.311050, longitude -94.015577) was purchased by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources in 1994 and is being managed as tallgrass prairie. Floristic surveys were performed during the 2011 and 2012 growing seasons to gather baseline data. These data were used to assess the quality of the site through calculation of various indices …

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Molecular Characterization Of Resistance To Soybean Rust (Phakopsora Pachyrhizi Syd. & Syd.) In Soybean Cultivar Dt 2000 (Pi 635999), Tri D. Vuong, David R. Walker, Binh T. Nguyen, Tuyet T. Nguyen, Hoan X. Dinh, David L. Hyten, Perry B. Cregan, David A. Sleper, Jeong D. Lee, James G. Shannon, Henry T. Nguyen Jan 2016

Molecular Characterization Of Resistance To Soybean Rust (Phakopsora Pachyrhizi Syd. & Syd.) In Soybean Cultivar Dt 2000 (Pi 635999), Tri D. Vuong, David R. Walker, Binh T. Nguyen, Tuyet T. Nguyen, Hoan X. Dinh, David L. Hyten, Perry B. Cregan, David A. Sleper, Jeong D. Lee, James G. Shannon, Henry T. Nguyen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Resistance to soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & Syd., has been identified in many soybean germplasm accessions and is conferred by either dominant or recessive genes that have been mapped to six independent loci (Rpp1 -Rpp6), but No U. S. cultivars are resistant to SBR. The cultivar DT 2000 (PI 635999) has resistance to P. pachyrhizi isolates and field populations from the United States as well as Vietnam. A F6:7 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from Williams 82 × DT 2000 was used to identify genomic regions associated with resistance to SBR in …

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Influence Of Fertilizer Source And Irrigation Regimen On Containerized Production Of Coleus (Plectranthus Scutellarioides (L.) Codd) 'Solar Sunrise' And Management Of Bermudagrass (Cynodon Dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. Transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) 'Tifway', Kayla Renee Sanders Jan 2016

Influence Of Fertilizer Source And Irrigation Regimen On Containerized Production Of Coleus (Plectranthus Scutellarioides (L.) Codd) 'Solar Sunrise' And Management Of Bermudagrass (Cynodon Dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. Transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) 'Tifway', Kayla Renee Sanders

LSU Master's Theses

Fertilizer nutrient losses through leachate and runoff from excessive irrigation in nursery container production and turfgrass management can be high and have negative environmental impacts. The objective of this research was to examine the influence of fertilizer source and irrigation regimen on nutrient losses during nursery container production and turfgrass management. During the container production of coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) Codd) 'Solar Sunrise', four fertilizer treatments: an unfertilized control; a controlled-release (CRF); a water-soluble (WSF); and a combination of 10% WSF and 90% CRF, were incorporated into a pine bark substrate at 0.30 kg N and P·m-3 in 3.7-L containers …

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Toward The Elucidation Of Cytoplasmic Diversity In North American Grape Breeding Programs, Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramirez, Qi Sun, Chin-Feng Hwang, Craig A. Ledbetter, David W. Ramming, Anne Fennell, M. Andrew Walker, James J. Luby, Matthew D. Clark, Jason P. Londo, Lance Cadle-Davidson, Gan-Yuan Zhong Jan 2016

Toward The Elucidation Of Cytoplasmic Diversity In North American Grape Breeding Programs, Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramirez, Qi Sun, Chin-Feng Hwang, Craig A. Ledbetter, David W. Ramming, Anne Fennell, M. Andrew Walker, James J. Luby, Matthew D. Clark, Jason P. Londo, Lance Cadle-Davidson, Gan-Yuan Zhong

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Plants have an intriguing tripartite genetic system: Nuclear genome 9 Mitochondria 9 Plastids and their interactions may impact germplasm breeding. In grapevine, the study of cytoplasmic genomes has been limited, and their role with respect to grapevine germplasm diversity has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, the results of an analysis of the cytoplasmic diversity among 6073 individuals (comprising cultivars, interspecific hybrids and segregating progenies) are presented. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was used to elucidate plastid and mitochondrial DNA sequences, and results were analyzed using multivariate techniques. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects were annotated in reference to plastid …

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Insights Into Triterpene Metabolism In Model Monocotyledonous And Oilseed Plants Genetically Engineered With Genes From Botryococcus Braunii, Chase F. Kempinski Jan 2016

Insights Into Triterpene Metabolism In Model Monocotyledonous And Oilseed Plants Genetically Engineered With Genes From Botryococcus Braunii, Chase F. Kempinski

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Isoprenoids are one of the most diverse classes of natural products and are all derived from universal five carbon, prenyl precursors. Squalene and botryococcene are linear, hydrocarbon triterpenes (thirty carbon compounds with six prenyl units) that have industrial and medicinal values. Squalene is produced by all eukaryotes as it is the first committed precursor to sterols, while botryococcene is uniquely produced by the green algae, Botryococcus braunii (race B). Natural sources for these compounds exist, but there is a desire for more renewable production platforms. The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana was engineered to accumulate botryococcene and squalene in its oil …

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Investigation Into The Cell Wall And Cellulose Biosynthesis In Model Species And In The C4 Model Plant Setaria Viridis, Mizuki Tateno Jan 2016

Investigation Into The Cell Wall And Cellulose Biosynthesis In Model Species And In The C4 Model Plant Setaria Viridis, Mizuki Tateno

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

A uniform feature of all plant cells is the presence of a cell wall. The cell wall functions in facilitating directional expansion and is therefore important for cell shape and morphogenesis. All plant cell walls contain cellulose microfibrils embedded in a network of polysaccharides, lignin and protein. Cellulose is evolutionarily conserved and is made by all plants as well as other members of various taxonomic kingdoms. From a human perspective, the field of renewable energy has had an ever increasing interest in using the cell wall for production of renewable platform chemicals and fuels. However, the biosynthesis of these components …

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Numerical Classification And Ordination Of The Floodplain Forests In The Euxine Region Of Turkey, Ali̇ Kavgaci, Erkan Yalçin, Hasan Korkmaz Jan 2016

Numerical Classification And Ordination Of The Floodplain Forests In The Euxine Region Of Turkey, Ali̇ Kavgaci, Erkan Yalçin, Hasan Korkmaz

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, the phytosociological structure of floodplain forests in the Euxine region of Turkey was examined from a large-scale perspective. For this goal, all of the published relevés were analyzed using the numerical classification and ordination techniques, which are widely used in phytosociological studies all over the world. In summary, a syntaxonomical scheme for floodplain forests with 11 communities (five associations and one alliance were newly identified) was suggested as follows: Fraxino angustifoliae - Ulmetum laevis Slavi 1952 allerietosum petiolatae Kavgacı et al. Subass. Nov. Hoc loco; Fraxino angustifoliae - Ulmetum laevis Slavi 1952 junglandetosum regiae Kavgacı et al. …

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Two New Achillea L. (Asteraceae) Species From Turkey, Zeki̇ Aytaç, Hayri̇ Duman, Murat Eki̇ci̇ Jan 2016

Two New Achillea L. (Asteraceae) Species From Turkey, Zeki̇ Aytaç, Hayri̇ Duman, Murat Eki̇ci̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

Two new Achillea species, Achillea adenii Aytaç & M.Ekici and Achillea baltai H.Duman & Aytaç sp. nov. of sect. Santolinoidea DC. (Asteraceae), are described and illustrated as new species. A. adenii grows at Babadağ in Muğla Province (southwestern Anatolia), while A. baltai grows at Aladağlar in Niğde Province. Diagnostic morphological characters, which are useful in discriminating the two new species from their close relatives, A. sintenisii Hub.-Mor., A. sipikorensis Hausskn. & Bornm., and A. armenorum Boiss. & Hausskn., are presented. Some notes on the ecology, pollen and seed morphology, conservation status, and distributions of the new species and a key …

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Ultrastructural Observations In Somatic Embryogenesis Of Natural Tetraploid Trifolium Pratense L., Hati̇ce Çölgeçen, Hati̇ce Nurhan Büyükkartal, Ufuk Koca Çalişkan Jan 2016

Ultrastructural Observations In Somatic Embryogenesis Of Natural Tetraploid Trifolium Pratense L., Hati̇ce Çölgeçen, Hati̇ce Nurhan Büyükkartal, Ufuk Koca Çalişkan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Previous reports of plant regeneration of natural tetraploid T. pratense L. `Elçi' could be realized only through the apical meristem calli. In order to proceed to the production stage, other regeneration methods need to be tried. Aseptic seedlings were used for the production of somatic embryos through various 2,4-D and kinetin trials. Nonuniform external callus cells with translucent cytoplasm were observed in various developmental stages of somatic embryos. Beneath these cells, there were uniformly aligned, dark-stained embryo cells with dense cytoplasm. Despite the similar developmental stages and cell characteristics of zygotic and somatic embryos, the walls of somatic embryo cells …

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Genetic Relationships Among The Genera Cicer L., Lathyrus L., Lens Mill., And Vicia L., Together With Similarity Of Lens Taxa Based On Morphological And Aflp Markers, Zeynep Yildizdoğan, Cengi̇z İkten, Nedi̇m Mutlu, Cengi̇z Toker Jan 2016

Genetic Relationships Among The Genera Cicer L., Lathyrus L., Lens Mill., And Vicia L., Together With Similarity Of Lens Taxa Based On Morphological And Aflp Markers, Zeynep Yildizdoğan, Cengi̇z İkten, Nedi̇m Mutlu, Cengi̇z Toker

Turkish Journal of Botany

The molecular characterization of the seven taxa in the genus Lens Mill. with Vicia montbretii has not been performed, and species of the genera Vicia L., Lathyrus L., and Cicer L. using AFLP markers have not been elucidated so far. The objectives of the present study were the assessment of (i) genetic relationships among the genera Lens, Vicia, Lathyrus, and Cicer based on AFLP markers, (ii) relationships within the genus Lens including the accessions of L. lamottei Czefr., L. tomentosus Ladiz., and L. odemensis Ladiz., based on morphological and AFLP data, and (iii) position of the species Vicia montbretii (Fisch. …

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Comparison Of Rdna Regions (Its, Lsu, And Ssu) Of Some Aspergillus, Penicillium, And Talaromyces Spp., Rasi̇me Demi̇rel Jan 2016

Comparison Of Rdna Regions (Its, Lsu, And Ssu) Of Some Aspergillus, Penicillium, And Talaromyces Spp., Rasi̇me Demi̇rel

Turkish Journal of Botany

Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Talaromyces spp. are commonly found worldwide and include industrially and medicinally important members. These genera are deeply related with life from soil to health hazards via their industrial products, surface proteins, biodiversity, food spoilage, mycotoxins, etc. These three genera progressively encounter important taxonomic revisions, such as the one fungus-one name concept, and various methods are available to establish their evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships. Besides morphological, microscopic, and extrolite analyses, nucleotide sequence analysis is the most preferred method. In particular, rDNA regions, such as the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU), and small subunit (SSU), are commonly …

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Improved Sugar Yields From Biomass Sorghum Feedstocks: Comparing Low‑Lignin Mutants And Pretreatment Chemistries, Bruno Godin, Nick Nagle, Scott Satler, Richard Agneessens, Jérôme Delcarte, Edward Wolfrum Jan 2016

Improved Sugar Yields From Biomass Sorghum Feedstocks: Comparing Low‑Lignin Mutants And Pretreatment Chemistries, Bruno Godin, Nick Nagle, Scott Satler, Richard Agneessens, Jérôme Delcarte, Edward Wolfrum

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Background: For biofuel production processes to be economically efficient, it is essential to maximize the production of monomeric carbohydrates from the structural carbohydrates of feedstocks. One strategy for maximizing carbohydrate production is to identify less recalcitrant feedstock cultivars by performing some type of experimental screening on a large and diverse set of candidate materials, or by identifying genetic modifications (random or directed mutations or transgenic plants) that provide decreased recalcitrance. Economic efficiency can also be increased using additional pretreatment processes such as deacetylation, which uses dilute NaOH to remove the acetyl groups of hemicellulose prior to dilute acid pretreatment. In …

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Seed Source May Determine Field-Specific Germination And Emergence: The Source By Planting Environment Interaction, Erin K. Espeland, Lora B. Perkins, Matthew E. Horning, Richard C. Johnson Jan 2016

Seed Source May Determine Field-Specific Germination And Emergence: The Source By Planting Environment Interaction, Erin K. Espeland, Lora B. Perkins, Matthew E. Horning, Richard C. Johnson

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Farm environmental conditions and management practices can result in within-cultivar differences in seed quality and lead to transgenerational plasticity (farm-specific effects on offspring, or TGP) that affect germination and emergence in transplant fields. We used three perennial bunchgrasses, [green needlegrass (Nassella viridula) ‘Lodorm’, slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus) ‘Pryor’, and bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoregneria spicata) prevariety registered germplasm P-7] to determine if seeds exhibited TGP. We also determined if TGP was affected by the interaction between production farms and planting environments (farm × environment interaction, or context-dependent TGP), using four laboratory temperature regimes to test germination response and four field environments to …

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Positive Interactions In Temperate And Tropical Alpine Plant Communities: The Role Of Facilitation In Species-Specific Interactions, Invasion, And Landscape-Scale Distribution, Nicole Hupp Jan 2016

Positive Interactions In Temperate And Tropical Alpine Plant Communities: The Role Of Facilitation In Species-Specific Interactions, Invasion, And Landscape-Scale Distribution, Nicole Hupp

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

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