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Applications Of Crispr/Cas9-Based Genome Editing In The Plant Biology, Yingzhuan Zheng, Qianqian Li, Mingwang Ye, Aie Cehn, Hongyang Wang

Turkish Journal of Botany

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas) is an acquired immune system found in bacteria and archaea that can specifically silence or degrade a foreign single or double strand nucleic acid to protect it from infection. In recent years, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has rapidly been evolved into a genome editing technology, in which the Cas9 endonuclease can be targeted to specific DNA sequences by guide RNAs (gRNAs) that are easily programmable. Due to simplicity, specificity and high efficiency, CRISPR/Cas9 is gradually replacing other gene editing technologies and has been implemented in basic and applied plant sciences to boost yield, …

Traditional Herbal Remedies Used In Kidney Diseases In Turkey: An Overview, Şükran Kültür, Bahar Gürdal, Aynur Sari, Gülay Meli̇koğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal studies have become increasingly recognised as a valuable source of information on the use and possible pharmacological activity of many plant species. There is no study presenting traditional herbal remedies used for kidney diseases in Turkey. The purpose of the paper is to compile herbal remedies used in kidney diseases in Turkey with detailed usage information and chemical constituents. The botanical names, families, and local names; used parts; preparation methods; administration/ dosage; kidney problems and chemical constituents were presented by screening ethnobotanical, ethnomedicinaland phytochemical studies. The most cited plant families, the most cited genera, and the most …

Genetic Structure Of Zannichellia L. Populations According To Mountain Barriers In Iranas Revealed By Issr And Srap Markers, Shabnam Abbasi, Saeed Afsharzadeh, Mehri Dinarvand

Turkish Journal of Botany

Zannichellia L. (Potamogetonaceae) is a widespread aquatic genus that is distributed in temperate and subtropical aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Because the biogeographical location of Iran includes mountain ranges and deserts that may cause different habitat types, it was assumed that these Zannichellia populations would be stronger differentiated than observed in Zannichellia from temperate regions. The present study aimed to test whether Z. palustris would demonstrate high levels of genetic differentiation over long distances and across mountain ranges. The genetic structure of the populations of Zannichellia was investigated using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) as molecular markers. …

Ecological Assessment Of Burç Reservoir's Surface Water (Turkey) Using Phytoplanktonmetrics And Multivariate Approach, Abuzer Çelekli̇, Gülümser Özpinar

Turkish Journal of Botany

The present study aimed to elucidate relationships between phytoplankton species and stressors using multivariate approaches and assess the environmental condition of Burç Reservoir?s surface water using phytoplankton metrics from September 2018 to August 2019 according to implementations of the Water Framework Directive. Burç Reservoir had a characteristic of a warm monomictic pattern. Phytoplankton functional groups (E, F, J, LO, LM, MP , P, S1 , T, and W1 ) were found in the reservoir. A significant difference was found in total biovolume values changed from 2.28 mm3 /L in November 2018 to 0.51 mm3 /L in February 2019. The first …

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Faculty Editor, Beth Kegley

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 22 2021, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Featured Faculty Mentor And Student Explore The Dynamics Of This Research Relationship, Alejandro Rojas, Evan Buckner

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Willingness-To-Pay For Halal And Branded Poultry In Northern Mozambique, Alison J. Creasey, L. Lanier Nalley

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

While price typically drives consumers’ food-purchasing decisions in low-income countries, religious attributes associated with food production and corporate branding could influence buying patterns. In Mozambique, more than 46% of people were living below the poverty line of ($0.31 USD) per day in 2018. That being said, in the Nampula Province (the location of this study), which is the second poorest province in the country, over 25% of the population is Muslim and may be willing-to-pay (WTP) a premium for Halal meat products to uphold Islamic beliefs. Like many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, poultry is the fastest-growing source of protein. Since …

Moving The Needle On Prairie Conservation: A Palouse Prairie Restoration/Reconstruction Needs Assessment And The Effect Of Intra-Annual Soil Moisture Changes On Balsamroot Seedling Establishment, Sarah Hill

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

The Palouse prairie of Eastern Washington and Western Idaho is one of the most endangered ecosystems in the United States. After 140 years of intensive agriculture, less than 1% of prairie habitat remains, making Palouse prairie conservation and restoration a critical need. This study sought to: 1) conduct a thorough needs assessment for Palouse prairie restoration and reconstruction, identifying challenges and opportunities that when addressed, could increase Palouse prairie restoration successes, and 2) gain insight into the effects of intra-annual soil moisture fluctuations on the seedling establishment of Arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata), since establishment of slow growing perennial species like …

Earthworm Density Differences Among Tallgrass Prairies Over Time In The Ozark Highlands, Carlee Hensley, Kristofor R. Brye, Mary C. Savin, Edward E. Gbur, Lisa S. Wood

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

To mitigate the loss of tallgrass prairies through fragmentation and conversion to other land uses, prairie restoration efforts have been undertaken to reclaim areas that have been previously used for agricultural production. Earthworms are a key component of the soil ecology of natural, undisturbed ecosystems. However, limited research exists on earthworm populations in prairie restorations and how earthworm densities may change over time. The objectives of this study were (a) to evaluate earthworm densities in the upper 20 cm of soil over time (i.e., May 2007 and May 2019) in a native prairie and chronosequence of three prairie restorations (i.e., …

Evaluation Of Corn Herbicide Programs With And Without Atrazine, Jason K. Norsworthy, Jacob Thomas Richburg, L. Tom Barber, Trenton Roberts, Edward Gbur

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Atrazine is a foundational herbicide in corn (Zea mays L.) because of its broad-spectrum weed control and utility for pre-emergence or postemergence applications. Extensive atrazine use has led to traces in groundwater, surface water, and aquifers. This research explored corn herbicide regimes with little or no atrazine. Pre-emergence herbicide treatments [S-metolachlor (0.955 lb acre^–1); saflufenacil (0.054 oz acre^–1) plus dimethenamid-P (0.473 lb acre^–1)] and postemergence herbicide mixtures [bicyclopyrone (0.040 lb acre^–1) plus mesotrione (0.161 lb acre^–1) plus S-metolachlor (1.429 lb acre^–1); thiencarbazone-methyl (0.013 lb …

Introduction To Special Issue Of Plant Virus Emergence, Michael M. Goodin, Jeanmarie Verchot

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Dual-Functional Phosphorene Nanocomposite Membranes For The Treatment Of Perfluorinated Water: An Investigation Of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Removal Via Filtration Combined With Ultraviolet Irradiation Or Oxygenation, Joyner Eke, Lillian Banks, M. Abdul Mottaleb, Andrew J. Morris, Olga V. Tsyusko, Isabel C. Escobar

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Nanomaterials with tunable properties show promise because of their size-dependent electronic structure and controllable physical properties. The purpose of this research was to develop and validate environmentally safe nanomaterial-based approach for treatment of drinking water including removal and degradation of per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS). PFAS are surfactant chemicals with broad uses that are now recognized as contaminants with a significant risk to human health. They are commonly used in household and industrial products. They are extremely persistent in the environment because they possess both hydrophobic fluorine-saturated carbon chains and hydrophilic functional groups, along with being oleophobic. Traditional drinking water …

Lepidopteran Granivory Reduces Seed Counts In A Rare Species Of Riparian Scour Prairies, Cheyenne Moore, Angela J. Mcdonnell, Scott Schuette, Christopher T. Martine

Faculty Journal Articles

In Pennsylvania Baptisia australis var. australis is found along only four waterways: the Allegheny River, Youghiogheny River, Clarion River, and Red Bank Creek. Because of its limited distribution and small number of extant populations, the species is considered state-threatened in Pennsylvania. In addition, the riparian prairie habitat that Pennsylvania Baptisia australis var. australis is restricted to is also in decline and considered vulnerable. Because of these conservation concerns, insights into the natural history of the taxon in the state is valuable and will inform conservation efforts. Field surveys and fruit collections along the Allegheny River and herbarium collections were used …

Integrating Indicators Of Natural Regeneration, Enrichment Planting, Above-Ground Carbonstock, Micro-Climate And Soil To Asses Vegetation Succession In Postmining Reclamation Intropical Forest, Trimanto Trimanto, Lia Hapsari, Sugeng Budiharta

Turkish Journal of Botany

Open-cast mining in tropical forests causes negative impacts on biodiversity and carbon storage. Postmining reclamation is therefore imposed to recover the vegetation despite the lack of understanding which indicators can be used to monitor the progress ofsuccession. This study proposes an integrated framework to assess the trajectory of vegetation succession in coal mining site in East Kalimantan, Borneo. We combine the indicators of floristic diversity of naturally growing terrestrial and epiphytic plants, survival and growth of enrichment planting of native plants, above-ground carbon stock of pioneer trees, and the measurements on micro-climate and soil conditions. We compare some indicators across …

Gc-Ms Profiling, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activities, Dna Cleavage Effect Ofsymphytum Aintabicum Hub.-Mor. & Wickens (Boraginaceae) And Its Anticancer Activityon Mcf-7 Cell Line, Alevcan Kaplan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Symphytum species, generally known as comfrey, have been used for ancient times in folk medicine for wounds, bone breakages, rheumatism, liver problems, and innumerable potentialities. However, many of the species belonging to the genus Symphytum have not been analyzed with scientific methods and principles yet. Therefore, this work is a guide for determining and researching the main gaps in the literature. In this study, MeOH and petroleum ether (PE) extracts of Symphytum aintabicum Hub.-Mor. & Wickens were analyzed for their biological activities and GC-MS analysis, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities, DNA cleavage effect, and anticancer activity on the MCF-7 human breast cell …

Screening Of Cytotoxicity And Dna Topoisomerase Iia Inhibitory Activity Of Turkish Onosma Species, Özge Güzel, Seda Duman, Si̇nem Yilmaz, Çi̇ğdem Karakoyun, Demet Kul, Ademi̇ Fahri̇ Pi̇rhan, Erdal Bedi̇r

Turkish Journal of Botany

Onosma L., the largest genus of Boraginaceae, is represented by 105 species in Turkey with an endemism rate of 52%. Phytochemical studies indicate that Boraginaceae plants mainly comprise naphthoquinones with a wide range of biological activities including anticancer, antiinflammatory, wound healing, and antioxidant effects. However, few taxa of the genus Onosma have been investigated in detail for their bioactivities. Considering the high rate of endemism and an inadequate number of bioactivity screening studies in literature, we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects and topoisomerase inhibitory activities of some Onosma species growing in southwestern Turkey. Here, we describe a comprehensive cytotoxic …

Anticancer, And Antioxidant Activities Of Royal Jelly On Ht-29 Colon Cancer Cells Andmelissopalynological Analysis, Adnan Ayna, Abdullah Tunç, Seda Nur Özbolat, Aydin Şükrü Bengü, Gürkan Aykutoğlu, Deni̇z Canli, Ridvan Polat, Mehmet Çi̇ftci̇, Ekrem Darendeli̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Royal jelly (RJ) is reflecting the flora around the apiaries as a result of the foraging activity of honeybees and therefore, pollen analysis could be used to verify its botanical/geographical origin. Colon cancer treatment by means of chemotherapeutics agents reflects a substantial problem for the organism due to high toxicity to other viable cells of the body. To explore a chemopreventive approach to enhancing colon cancer treatment efficacy, the antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of RJ in HT-29 colon cancer cells were assessed. Cell proliferation was performed by WST-1 assay, index of apoptosis was calculated by TUNEL Assay, antioxidant activities were …

The Roles Of The Actin Network And Co-Opted Host Factors In Tbsv Replication, Melissa Gabriela Molho Medina

Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology

Positive-stranded (+) RNA viruses are the largest family of viruses that infect plants, causing important economic losses in different crops. Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), a small positive-stranded RNA virus, has emerged as a model virus to study virus-host interactions. TBSV encodes for only five proteins, therefore, to infect the host cell TBSV co-opts selected host components and subverts specific molecular pathways.

Firstly, I performed a proteomic screening using Arabidopsis proteins. I found that TBSV viral replication proteins interact with 88 host proteins, including the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2 (Ubc2), fructose 1,6 biphosphate aldolase (Fba1), and several members of the Hps70 …

Seeing Double With Cannabis: Heteroploid Populations In Bipolaris Gigantea, Causal Agent Of Bipolaris Leaf Spot, Desiree Szarka

Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology

Bipolaris leaf spot (BLS) disease emerged with the reintroduction of hemp as a crop in the United States following more than 60 years of prohibition. The causal agent was identified as Bipolaris gigantea (=Drechslera gigantea), a known minor pathogen of monocots which causes devastating disease on hemp. BLS has been confirmed throughout Kentucky and reported in 15 states. Morphology and growth characteristics of isolates from eight counties across Kentucky were similar with the exception of some isolates producing protoperithecial-like structures. Phylogenetic and whole genome analysis indicated that some isolates were haploid, containing a single allele at each gene …

Evaluation Of Methods For The Restoration Of Native Grasslands On Abandoned Center Pivots In The Sandsage Prairies Of Southwestern Kansas, Alonso Barragan-Martinez

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Throughout southwestern Kansas thousands of acres of native grassland have been converted to cropland for agricultural use, reducing native prairie by over 60% in the sandsage prairie. Due to low precipitation and arid conditions, much of these croplands are irrigated by center pivot irrigation systems fed by the Ogallala Aquifer. These fields are abandoned when the aquifers dry up, resulting in erosion of the unused farmland. Conservation programs such as the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP) were established to address this problem but have been unsuccessful in restoring native grasslands in abandoned croplands in southwestern Kansas. We hypothesized that insect …

Auxin-Based Herbicide Program And Rhizobia Application For Weed Control And Nodulation Potential In Auxin Tolerant Soybean, Joy Amajioyi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Foliar-applied Bradyrhizobia to V4 soybean has been reported to increase yield up to 5%. However, a stand-alone product application may not be practical. Applying with other treatments such as post-emergence herbicide application may be economical but herbicide and/or additives may be deleterious to rhizobial growth. A laboratory study investigated the impact of herbicides (glyphosate and dicamba), additives (an oil to improve absorption and spreading; and AMS used to overcome hard water impacts on glyphosate), and herbicide + additives on bacterial growth. Optical density (OD) measurements at the wavelength of 650 nm assessed solution turbidity, a surrogate measure of bacterial growth. …

Genetic Structure, Differentiation, And Slight Evidence For No Selective Neutrality Of Some Ssr Markers In Populations Of Medicago Ciliaris (L.) Krock And Medicago Intertexta (L.)Mill Species, Fella Abdous, Fatima Zohra Fyad-Lameche

Turkish Journal of Botany

Medicago ciliaris (L.) Krock and Medicago intertexta (L.) Mill are most often found in saline regions and are considered as potential resources for genes related to salinity resistance. To explore the genetic diversity of these two species by mean of nrSSR (simplesequence repeats) markers, 11 accessions originated from different regions in north of Africa and Middle East were chosen. Ten among 14 markers turned out to be polymorphic and gave 72 alleles. Eight markers were very informative with PIC values > 0.5, and three of them were found to be nonneutral. Allelic richness was limited with an average number of alleles …

Effect Of Ash Carbon Nanofibers On Gaba Shunt Pathway In Germinating Seeds Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill., C.V. Rohaba.) Under Salt Stress, Nisreen Alquraan, Mohammed Al-Omari, Alaa Ayoub

Turkish Journal of Botany

The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of black ash carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway in germinating seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., c.v. Rohaba) under salt stress. Seed?s germination pattern, seed moisture content, GABA shunt metabolite levels (GABA, Glutamate and Alanine), total proteins and total carbohydrates, and the level of oxidative damage in response to sodium chloride (NaCl) treatments were determined. A significant increase of moisture content in CNFs treated seeds associated with significant increases in germination percentage was found. Data also showed a significant increase in GABA shunt metabolites in …

Forage Potential Of Salsola Species In Arid-Saline Rangelands, Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh, Ali Mirhosseini, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Mirza Hasanuzzaman

Turkish Journal of Botany

We investigated the forage potential of 12 Salsola species including S. arbuscula, S. abarghuensis, S. dendroides, S. crassa, S. imbricata, S. incanescens, S. nitraria, S. kerneri, S. orientalis, S. richteri, S. tomentosa, and S. yazdiana in the Southern rangelands of the Great Salt Desert. The results showed a great significant variation among forage quality and quantity of the Salsola species. The greatest fresh and dry forages were obtained in S. yazdiana (4.54 and 1.53 kg m?2, respectively) followed by S. dendroides (3.02 and 1.13 kg m?2, respectively). The S. tomentosa had the greatest ash content by 20.2%, which significantly was …

Genetic Variation And Population Differentiation Of Dorystaechas Hastata Toturkey: Implications For Conservation Management, Ceren Seli̇m, Songül Sever Mutlu, Nedi̇m Mutlu, İsmai̇l Gökhan Deni̇z, Hasan Meydan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Dorystaechas hastata is a relict endemic medicinal and aromatic plant under risk of extinction. Assessment of genetic diversity and association between geographic distribution and genetic variation could benefit to the conservation efforts. The objectives of this study were to assess genetic diversity and population differentiation of the species in its natural habitat. The genetic structure of 56 accessions sampled from 15 populations encompassing whole natural distribution of the species were analyzed with both sequencerelated amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter-primer binding site (iPBS) molecular markers. The 146 polymorphic markers were generated by 13 SRAP and 11 iPBS primers. The similarity of …

A New Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) Species From South Anatolia (Turkey), Ömer Çeçen, Taner Özcan

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, a member of sect. Teucrium, hitherto undescribed as a new species, was analyzed based on morphological and micromorphological features and molecular findings. The closest species of the new species were defined according to leaf morphology via morphological characters. Leaf, stem, and nutlet trichome types were obtained and compared with resembling species. Moreover, two different DNA region sequences were used to evaluate its proper phylogenetic position in the section. The new species was described as Teucrium turcicum Çeçen & Özcan based on the results of using different approaches. According to our observations, flower color, leaf structure, and shape …

Metabolite Profiling, Distribution Of Secretory Structures, And Histochemistry Incurculigo Orchioides Gaertn. And Curculigo Latifolia Dryand. Ex W.T.Aiton, Abdul Halim Umar, Diah Ratnadewi, Mohamad Rafi, Yohana C. Sulistyaningsih, Hamim Hamim

Turkish Journal of Botany

Curculigo orchioides and Curculigo latifolia (Hypoxidaceae) have been widely used as traditional medicines in Indonesia and other Asian countries for antihyperglycemic, aphrodisiac, antioxidant, and antimicrobial treatments. This work aimed to determine the distribution of secretory structures and metabolites. Metabolite profiling approach of the plant organs was determined by UHPLC-QOrbitrap-HRMS. Histochemical-based techniques on rhizome, root, petiole, and leaf, with transversal sections on fresh samples, were prepared using a razor blade to determine the secretory structures of the plants, followed by plant anatomy procedures. Histochemical analysis was carried out using several reagents to detect the metabolites. Metabolite profiling revealed several classes of …

Interactive Effects Of Salinity And Plant Density On The Growth Ofcyperus Arenarius, A Sand Dune Stabilizer, Farhat Agha, Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed, Bilquees Gul, Muhammad Ajmal Khan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Competition and environmental stress are crucial factors for structuring plant population in natural habitats. Cyperus arenarius, a sedge of coastal sand dunes habitat, is a suitable species for coastal restoration and dune stabilization, but how salinity and plant density interact in affecting its growth is still unknown. Here, growth, survival, and physiological responses of C. arenarius to salinity (sea-salt) and plant density were investigated. A set of growth experiments in which combinations of 4 salinity levels (0, 2, 4, and 6 S m-1 sea-salt) and 3 planting densities (2, 5, 8 plants pot-1) were tested under controlled greenhouse conditions. Plant …