Digital Commons Network^™

Inactivation Of Enteric Adenovirus And Feline Calicivirus By Chlorine Dioxide, Jeanette A. Thurston-Enriquez, Charles N. Haas, Joseph Jacangelo, Charles P. Gerba

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) inactivation experiments were conducted with adenovirus type 40 (AD40) and feline calicivirus (FCV). Experiments were carried out in buffered, disinfectant demand-free water under high- and low-pH and -temperature conditions. Ct values (the concentration of ClO₂ multiplied by contact time with the virus) were calculated directly from bench-scale experiments and from application of the efficiency factor Hom (EFH) model. AD40 Ct ranges for 4-log inactivation (Ct_99.99%) at 5°C were >0.77 to 0.80 to 0.49 to Ct_99.99% ranges were observed for pH 6 and 8, respectively. FCV Ct_99.99% ranges for 5°C …

Mammals Of Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: A 60-Year Followup To Brumwell (1951), Clay R. Davis, Frederick B. Stangl Jr., Lynn W. Robbins

The Prairie Naturalist

More than 60 years have elapsed since Brumwell's (1951) comprehensive assessment during 193911940 of resident terrestrial vertebrates from Fort Leavenworth Military Rooervation in northeastern Kansas. Subsequent studies have been accomplished for the amphibians, reptiles, and birds. Our study is the first to assess intervening changes in the mammalian composition of this diverse local fauna. Notable observations include: the decline or extirpation of the black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus), Franklin's ground squirrel (Spermophilus franklinii), muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata) and eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius); the return or recovery of locally extirpated gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), puma (Puma concolor), and …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Spring 2005, Volume 11, No. 2

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Can Distillers Grains Replace Forage? by Sarah Morris, Jim MacDonald, Don Adams and Terry Klopfenstein, Department of Animal Science, UNL

Nebraska Wildlife Federation Looking for Tallgrass Prairies by Penny Perkins and Duane Hovorka, Nebraska Wildlife Federation

Program Set for 2005 Nebraska Grazing Conference

CGS Associate Leaves Legacy of Native Plantings Along Nebraska Highways

Grazing Livestock Systems Update

Urbanized Buffalograss in Demand

Nebline, May 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Successful Shade Gardening: Key is Proper Plant Choice, Care
Why So Many Weeds?
2005 All-America Roses
Flowers That Tower
Be Good to Your Worms
Winged Termites or Ants?
Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrels
What is Mange?
Soybean Rust is on the Horizon
Effect of Increasing Energy Prices on Farming Costs
Pioneer Farm Award Nominations Due May 1
Buying High-Quality Trees
Conserving Water in the Landscape
NEP Partners with LPS to Teach Nutrition in Teen Parenting Classes
Cocoa-Berry Yogurt Tarts Recipe
Enjoy Beef Nutrition during May, National Beef Month
Mexican Beef Salad Recipe
Fruit Slush Recipe
Spicy Ranch Dressing Recipe
President’s Notes — …

An Additional Record Of The Ornate Box Turtle From Western South Dakota, Steven G. Platt, Jennifer I. Stover, Edward J. Stover Iii

The Prairie Naturalist

On June 11, 2003, one of us (EJS) found an ornate box turtle crossing BIA Highway 2, approximately 7.2 km north of Sharps Comer on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in Shannon County, South Dakota. The air temperature at the time of collection was approximately 30°C and the substrate was moist from light rain the previous day. The turtle was an adult female with a straight-line carapace length of 118 mm. Other straight-line measurements were: maximum carapace width = 100 mm; plastron length = 122 mm; maximum plastron width = 82 mm; and maximum shell depth = 64 mm. We …

Permeability Of Corn, Soybeans, And Soft Red And White Winter Wheat As Affected By Bulk Density, Michael D. Montross, Samuel G. Mcneill

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Darcy’s law is a function of viscosity, permeability, and velocity and can be used to predict the airflow resistance in granular materials at low air velocities. Permeability also governs the magnitude of natural convection currents during periods of non-aerated grain storage. The permeability of corn, soybeans, soft white winter wheat, and soft red winter wheat were measured as a function of bulk density and moisture content. Air was passed through a column of grain and the flow rate and pressure drop measured. Bulk density and kernel density were also measured to determine the porosity of grain in the test column. …

Crop Yield Response To Precision Deep Tillage, Larry G. Wells, Timothy S. Stombaugh, Scott A. Shearer

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Experimental precision deep tillage was applied at three sites in central Kentucky with relatively well-drained silt loam soils in no-till crop production. Fields were divided into 0.4 ha (1 ac) grid cells using DGPS mapping. Assessment of soil compaction by machinery traffic was made using multiple soil cone penetrometer measurements and expressed as cone index (CI). Corn, wheat, and soybean yields were depressed in grid cells with CI_avg ≥ 1.5 MPa (218 psi) prior to application of tillage treatments at sites 1 and 3, whereas at site 2, where most of the highest average CI values ranged from 1.44 …

Green Fluorescent Protein Is Lighting Up Fungal Biology, J.M. Lorang, R.P. Tuori, J.P. Martinez, T.L. Sawyer, R.S. Redman, J.A. Rollins, T. J. Wolpert, K.B. Johnson, R. J. Rodriguez, M. B. Dickman, L. M. Ciuffetti

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Prasher (42) cloned a cDNA for the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria in 1992. Shortly thereafter, to the amazement of many investigators, this gene or derivatives thereof were successfully expressed and conferred fluorescence to bacteria and Caenorhabditis elegans cells in culture (10, 31), followed by yeast (24, 39), mammals (40), Drosophila (66), Dictyostelium (23, 30), plants (28, 49), and filamentous fungi (54). The tremendous success of GFP as a reporter can be attributed to unique qualities of this 238- amino-acid, 27-kDa protein which absorbs light at maxima of 395 and 475 nm and emits light …

Temporal Origin Of Nitrogen In The Grain Of Tropical Wet-Season Rice, J. E. Sheehy, M. Mnzava, Kenneth G. Cassman, P. L. Mitchell, A. B. Ferrer, R. P. Robles, P. Pablico

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The total N in the grain is the integral of the product of the total N absorbed at any instant and the fraction of that N eventually allocated to the grain. We investigated the temporal origin of N in the grain of a wet season rice crop and tested the suitability of ¹⁵N nitrate (NH₄ ¹⁵NO₃) as a label for that purpose. The total N content of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants was measured by growth analysis throughout the duration of the crop and the measurements were used to calculate the rate of total …

Dynamic Response Indicators Of Heat Stress In Shaded And Non-Shaded Feedlot Cattle, Part 2: Predictive Relationships, R. A. Eigenberg, T. M. Brown-Brandl, John A. Nienaber, G. Leroy Hahn

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Summer heat provides stressful conditions for Bos taurus feeder cattle; in extreme instances these conditions can be fatal. One management option is to provide shade structures for feedlot animals. This study was conducted during the summer of 2001 to compare physiological responses of cattle with shade access or no-shade access. Eight steers were selected from a group of 12, and assigned individual pens. Four pens were fitted with shade structures that allowed the steers to choose shade; the remainder had no shade option. The animals were rotated through pen assignments during the summer season. Continuous measures of respiration rate and …

Agricultural Systems For Saline Soil: The Potential Role Of Livestock, David G. Masters, H C. Norman, E G. Barrett-Lennard

Natural Resources Research Articles

Human-induced soil salinity is becoming a major threat to agriculture across the world. This salinisation occurs in both irrigated and rain-fed agricultural zones with the highest proportions in the arid and semi-arid environments. Livestock can play an important role in the management and rehabilitation of this land. There are a range of plants that grow in saline soils and these have been used as animal feed. In many situations, animal production has been poor as a result of low edible biomass production, low nutritive value, depressed appetite, or a reduction in efficiency of energy use. Feeding systems are proposed that …

Producing Pulses In The Northern Agricultural Region, Peter White, Martin Harries, Mark Seymour, Pam Burgess

Bulletins 4000 -

Pulses, like most other temperate crops, are ideally suited to environments with mild temperatures, adequate rainfall and free draining soils that have a deep uniform profile, a medium to fine texture and slightly acid to neutral pH (6.5-7.5). Pulses when grown on these soils and in these environments produce reliable yields, are relatively easy to manage and achieve good returns on investment.

Pulses can be grown very successfully in less ideal situations, but must then be managed carefully to ensure reliable yields. The different pulse species, and even different varieties of the same species, vary in how tolerant they are …

Forage News [2005-04], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Thanks to Barnhart Fund for Excellence
• Kentucky Grazing School
• New Alfalfa Website
• Ancient Crop: Modern Use?
• Kentucky Van to AFGC in Illinois
• Pennington Seed & AgResearch Announce Part Settlement of Tall Fescue Endophyte Patent Lawsuit
• Contracting Toxic-Endophyte Contamination Between Endophyte-Free and Nontoxic-Endophyte Tall Fescue Pastures
• Upcoming Events

Nebline, April 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Hallam Tornado Cleanup Included
Proper Disposal of Hazardous Waste
2005 Hazardous Waste Collections
15 Tons of Hazardous Waste Collected After 2004 Tornado
Liming Acid Soils
Smaller Ag Lime Particle Sizes Are More Effective
Animal Science Youth Field Day April 2
Nebraska Agricultural Youth Institute Applications Due April 15
Illegal Dumping in Lancaster County Declines
Household Hazardous Waste Collections for 2005
Create Moving Color in Your Garden
2005 Master Conservationist Award Nominations due April 1
Everything Homeowners Need to Know About TERMITE CONTROL
Earth Day 2005
Spending Your Calorie Salary: Tips for Using the 2005 Dietary Guidelines
Yogurt Salad Dressing Recipe …

Methods For Obtaining And Analyzing Whole Chloroplast Genome Sequences, Robert K. Jansen, Linda A. Raubeson, Jeffrey L. Boore, Claude W. Depamphilis, Timothy W. Chumley, Rosemarie C. Haberle, Stacia K. Wyman, Andrew J. Alverson, Riannon Peery, Sallie J. Herman, H. Matthew Fourcade, Jennifer V. Kuehl, Joel R. Mcneal, James Leebens-Mack, Liying Cui

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

During the past decade there has been a rapid increase in our understanding of plastid genome organization and evolution due to the availability of many new completely sequenced genomes. Currently there are 43 complete genomes published and ongoing projects are likely to increase this sampling to nearly 200 genomes during the next five years. Several groups of researchers including ours have been developing new techniques for gathering and analyzing entire plastid genome sequences and details of these developments are summarized in this chapter. The most important recent developments that enhance our ability to generate whole chloroplast genome sequences involve the …

Harmful Garden Plants In Western Australia, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Bulletins 4000 -

Many garden plants can cause harm. Some are commercially available and very popular; others are no longer readily available but still exist in older gardens; and yet others are favourite indoor ornamentals, cut-flowers, weeds, or even fruit and vegetables that we consume frequently, often without realising that other parts of those same plants are harmful.

It is impractical and unnecessary to remove from our gardens every single plant that could conceivably be harmful. A more sensible approach is to be aware of the potential danger of a particular plant, and then assess how much or how little risk it poses …

Producing Pulses In The Southern Agricultural Region, Peter White, Mark Seymour, Pam Burgess, Martin Harries

Bulletins 4000 -

The development of pulses in Western Australia has undergone tremendous advances over the past 12 years. From a tiny industry in the early 1990’s where the knowledge of both scientists and farmers was very limited, we now have a robust industry with production packages and improved varieties for all the grain legumes species that are well suited to our environment.

This book, which is both comprehensive and practical, collates much of the information gathered through pulse research and commercial experience over the past 10 years and will be valuable to all pulse growers, agronomists, students and industry advisors alike. The …

Big Bluestem Pasture In The Great Plains: An Alternative For Dryland Corn, Kenneth P. Vogel, Gary E. Varvel, Robert B. Mitchell, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Richard T. Clark, Bruce Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Big bluestem pasture can earn more than twice as much per acre as dryland corn.

Corn production and perennial grass pastures provide the foundation for the agricultural industry in the central and eastern Great Plains. Typically, many producers grow both corn and perennial grass pastures to meet livestock feed demands and to diversify the operation. For example, corn was produced on more than 37% of the total cropland, and perennial pasture comprised 49% of the land in farms in Nebraska.1 Corn was produced on an average of 7.8 million acres in Nebraska from 2000 to 2002, with 40% being dryland …

Penicillin-Binding Proteins In The Pathogenic Intestinal Spirochete Brachyspira Pilosicoli, Rohana P. Dassanayake, Gautam Sarath, Gerald E. Duhamel

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) of slightly different molecular masses (94, 62 or 68, 42 or 50, 25, and 22 kDa) were identified in one human and two porcine Brachyspira pilosicoli strains. Identification of PBPs of B. pilosicoli provides a basis for characterization of the genes encoding these proteins among pathogenic intestinal spirochetes of humans and animals.

Impact Of Reduced Lignin On Plant Fitness, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Kenneth P. Vogel, Deanna L. Funnell

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Lignin content of crop plants has been reduced by traditional plant breeding, natural and induced mutations, and insertion of transgenes. The effects of these genes and associated lower lignin content have been examined in terms of agricultural fitness or with regard to economically harvestable yields of useful plant products, or, in the case of some perennial species, survivability over multiple years. In general, crop yields are depressed by significant reductions in lignin content. Other negative effects observed in plants with lowered lignin contents include lodging and reduction of long-term survival of some perennial species. However, the interactions of genes involved …

Dynamic Response Indicators Of Heat Stress In Shaded And Non-Shaded Feedlot Cattle, Part 1: Analyses Of Indicators, T. M. Brown-Brandl, R. A. Eigenberg, J. A. Nienaber, G. Leroy Hahn

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Heat stress in feedlot cattle can cause decreases in feed intake and growth, and in extreme cases may result in death. Providing shade during hot weather has shown inconsistent results, reducing direct and indirect losses in some areas of the United States, but not in others. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the dynamic responses of feedlot cattle to environmental conditions with and without access to shade, and to determine the most appropriate physiological measurement for monitoring feedlot cattle during hot weather as a guide for improved management. Eight crossbred steers (initially weighing 294.7±10.8 kg) were randomly assigned …

Crop Updates 2005 - Katanning, Brian Mcalpine, David Stephens, Nicola Telcik, Kithsiri Jayasena, Rob Loughman, Geoff J. Thomas, Ciara Beard, Blakely Paynter, Colin Mann, Ross Kingwell, Frances Hoyle, D. V. Murphy, N. Milton, M. Osman, L. K. Abbott, W. R. Cookson, S. Darmawanto, Bill Bowden, K. Regan, P. White, K. Siddique, K. Adhikari, M. Harries, Ian Pritchard, Angelo Loi, Phil Nichols, Clinton K. Revell, David Ferris, Bill Roy, Sally Peltzer, Dave Minkey, Michael Walsh, Alexandra Douglas, Meredith M. Fairbanks, Ian Foster, Geraldine Pasqual, David Tennant, Belinda Barr, Heather Bray, Steve Penny, Narelle Hill, Ron Mctaggart, Wal Anderson, Ray Tugwell, Svetlana Micic, Phil Michael, Roy Butler, Keith Croker

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty five papers from different authors

KEYNOTE

How Farmers Can Work Together for a More Sustainable and Profitable Business, Brian McAlpine Farmer, Nuffield Scholar

GENERAL

1. 2005 Seasonal Outlook, David Stephens and Nicola Telcik, Department of Agriculture

2. Essentials for cereal leaf disease management, K. Jayasena, R. Loughman, G. Thomas, C. Beard, and B. Paynter, Department of Agriculture

3. Benefits to the grower of grain licensing, Colin Mann, Grain Licensing Authority SOIL & NUTRIENTS

4. The effect of higher nitrogen fertiliser prices on rotation and fertiliser strategies in cropping systems, Ross Kingwell …

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Soil Surveys: A Window To The Subsurface, Douglas A. Wysocki, P. J. Schoeneberger, H. E. Lagarry

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Soils and underlying parent materials form a continuous system we must understand and manage in total. Numerous concerns (e.g., water quality, on-site waste disposal, landfill placement, and nutrient or pesticide movement) require an integrated knowledge and understanding of soil, the soil-to-substratum transition, and the deeper substratum. Soil C-horizons can exceed the thickness of the overlying A and B-horizons and contain unique morphological properties. The subsolum including C-horizons receives less descriptive emphasis than upper soil horizons. Soil scientists map and classify soils mainly on A and B-horizon properties. Soil forming and hydrologic processes that impart morphological features, however, extend considerably below …

Nebline, March 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Rising Energy Prices Cause Some Irrigators to Consider Changing Energy Source
Water Conservation Strategies
2005 All-America Selections Winners
Caring for Easter Lilies
How Do Honey Bees Survive the Winter?
Beginning Beekeeping Workshop
Ultrasonic Pest Repellents Are Not Effective
Everything Homeowners Need to Know About TERMITE CONTROL
Nominations are Being Sought for the 2005 Lincoln-Lancaster County Environmental Awards
ewf needs volunteers
Private Pesticide Applicator Certification, March 3 and 16
Glyphosate, Rose by any Other Name ...
Pesticide Disposal Collection, March 16
“Native Grasses and Wildflowers” Rural Living Clinic, March 10
“Fertilizing Cropland With Biosolids” Workshop, March 3
Pruning Shrubs in the …

Forage News [2005-03], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Spring Grazing School
• Alfalfa Award Winners
• Hay Contest Winners
• New Grass Seed DVD Available
• Tom Keene Joins UK Forage Team
• Roundup Ready Alfalfa
• Novel or Friendly (Nontoxic) Endophytes
• Evaluation of a Tasco Supplement on Reproductive Rate in Suckled Postpartum Beef Cows
• Keys to a Profitable Forage Program
• Upcoming Events

Factors Influencing Persistence Of White-Footed Mice, Brock R. Mcmillan, Glennis A. Kaufman, Donald W. Kaufman

The Prairie Naturalist

We examined factors that potentially influenced persistence of the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) during 1981 to 1988 at Konza Prairie Biological Station, Kansas. We predicted that both abiotic (e.g., precipitation and temperature) and biotic (e.g., availability of food and density of conspecifics) factors would influence persisten~e of individuals at the study site. Persistence of individual white-footed mice on the study site differed among years and seasons. White-footed mice that were first captured in summer or in autumn persisted longer than those first captured in spring. Young females (less than 20 g) had greater persistence than young males, whereas …

Comparison Of Microclimate At Grassland Bird Nests With Different Substrates, Kimberly M. Suedkamp Wells, Samuel D. Fuhlendore

The Prairie Naturalist

We compared the effects of two different nest placement strategies (shrubs vs. bunchgrasses) on microclimate conditions for grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) and lark sparrow (Chondestes grammacus) in Oklahoma. We predicted that the intensity and duration of extreme temperatures (greater than 39° C) and their variability would be reduced at shrub nests compared to bunchgrass nests. A verage maximum temperatures were similar at nests of grasshopper sparrow and lark sparrow, but confidence intervals were more variable and included biologically detrimental temperatures at grasshopper sparrow nests compared to lark sparrow nests. The proportion of time greater than 39° …

The Sooner State Bird Atlas: Review Of Oklahoma Breeding Bird Atlas, Dan L. Reinking, Editor, Timothy J. O'Connell

The Prairie Naturalist

In Oklahoma, forest meets prairie, prairie meets mesa, and throughout, our native ecosystems are shaped by human land use. Across this shifting mosaic of habitats, animals find food, raise young, and disperse to find other members of their species. Management for these species is best informed when it springs from a common baseline of knowledge about distributions across the entire management area. For birds, that baseline can be effectively established with a breeding bird atlas. ... In sum, the Oklahoma Breeding Bird Atlas presents timely information on a fascinating statewide avifauna in a clear and attractive package. The text is …

Daphnia Lumholtzi, An Exotic Zooplankton, Invading A Nebraska Reservoir, Brian C. Peterson, Nicolas J. Fryda, Keith D. Koupal, Wyatt Hoback

The Prairie Naturalist

A limnological assessment project by the University of Nebraska at Kearney and the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission collected weekly vertical zooplankton tows during May through September 2002 at Harlan County Reservoir in Nebraska. Beginning on 5 August 2002, the exotic Daphnia lumholtzi (Cladocera: Daphniidae) appeared at a density of 0.04 1.1 in one of fifteen standardized sampling stations. By 6 September 2002, D. lumholtzi was found in all fifteen stations at an average density of 2.17 ± 3.10 1.1 with a site maximum density of 11.43 1.1 • Length measurements of D. lumholtzi ranged from 0.80 mm to 5.66 …

Electrocution Of An Adult White-Tailed Deer, Christopher S. Deperno, Benjamin J. Bigalke, Jonathan A. Jenks, Brian S. Haroldson, Robert G. Osborn

The Prairie Naturalist

On 16 May 2002, an adult female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) died after becoming entangled in an electric fence in southeast Minnesota. The deer (#393) was captured 30 January 2000 as part of a cooperative, long-term deer mortality study being conducted in southern Minnesota (Bigalke et al. 2002, Brinkman 2003, Brinkman et al. 2002). Although fence entanglements occur, they do not account for significant losses in white-tailed deer populations (Matschke et al. 1984). Nixon et al. (1991) documented mortality of two fawns with broken cervical vertebrae that had collided with fences, but did not distinguish the type of …