Digital Commons Network^™

2026 4-H Presents Multimedia Pilot Description, Alison Coleman

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Action Scoresheet 4-H Presents 2026, Alison Coleman

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Natural And Reduced Anthropogenic Injuries Rates In Reef Manta Rays (Mobula Alfredi) From The Chagos Archipelago, Central Indian Ocean, Jessica Savage, Heather Koldewey, Tom Letessier, David Morritt, M Rowcliffe, Guy M.W. Stevens, Joanna L. Harris

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) accounts for nearly two-thirds of plastic debris in the open ocean and can entangle marine megafauna. Reef manta rays (Mobula alfredi) are susceptible to entanglement in ALDFG, with consequences ranging from sublethal injuries to mortality. Mobula alfredi are listed as Vulnerable to extinction on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, in part, due to their slow reproduction rate and susceptibility to unsustainable fishing pressures. Their exposure to ALDFG could further hinder their survival; therefore, it is essential to quantify the impacts of ALDFG. This study assesses a photographic identification database for …

B Lymphocytes Impede Tregs To Erode Islet Tolerance In Type 1 Diabetes, Christopher S Wilson, Blair T Stocks, Alexander C Falk, Daniel J Moore

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

B lymphocytes are thought to drive β-cell destruction in type 1 diabetes (T1D) by activating anti-islet T cells. However, the observation that autoreactive T-cell activation and disease progression can occur without B cells challenges this view. Still, preclinical and clinical studies have shown that B-cell depletion alleviates β-cell destruction, suggesting a critical role for B cells in T1D. Our findings propose an alternative function for B cells, impairing regulatory T cells (Tregs) that would otherwise protect islets. In the NOD islet transplant model, we show that B-cell absence enables transplant tolerance, allowing Tregs to become responsive to immune therapy and …

The Evolution Of Public Health Statistical Modeling Approaches And How To Advance Their Incorporation Into Modern Arboviral Surveillance, Maggie Mccarter, Stella C W Self, Alex Ewing, Mufaro Kanyangarara, Sarah M Gunter, Melissa S Nolan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Statistical modeling of infectious disease transmission patterns has been in existence since the mid-1700s, evolving in their utility as the scientific and technological revolutions progressed. Despite the expansion of emerging mathematical and statistical methodologies over the past 250 yr, their usage has largely remained restricted to academic settings. This forum article will discuss the evolution of disease modeling techniques, the most common types of models in use today, and recommendations on how key archetypes can be incorporated into future public health practice. With the recent global impetus to predict and forecast novel pathogens, this article raises the question: Why are …

Optimal Drought Management Actions For Cattle Operations On The Uintah And Ouray Indian Reservation, Kynda R. Curtis, Tatiana Drugova, Man-Keun Kim

All Current Publications

In this fact sheet, we examine the drought management options available to cattle operations on the Uintah and Ouray Reservation, the largest Native American reservation in Utah. Specifically, we discuss the results of a study that evaluated the economic outcomes of two common drought response strategies: herd reduction and supplemental hay purchases. We also provide recommendations for ranchers on optimal strategies, i.e., those that maximize profits for two rancher types, differentiated by their willingness to accept risk (risk-neutral) or avoid it (risk-averse).

Optimal Drought Management Actions For Cattle Operations On The Laguna Pueblo And Zuni Pueblo Indian Reservations, Tatiana Drugova, Kynda R. Curtis, Man-Keun Kim

All Current Publications

In this fact sheet, we examine the drought management options available to cattle operations on the Laguna Pueblo and Zuni Pueblo reservations in New Mexico. Specifically, we discuss the results of a study that evaluated the economic outcomes of two common drought response strategies: herd reduction and supplemental hay purchases. We also provide recommendations for ranchers regarding optimal strategies, i.e., those which would maximize profits, for two rancher types, differentiated by their willingness to accept risk (risk-neutral) or avoid it (risk-averse).

Optimal Drought Management Actions For Cattle Operations On The Duck Valley And Pyramid Lake Indian Reservations, Kynda R. Curtis, Tatiana Drugova, Man-Keun Kim

All Current Publications

In this fact sheet, we examine the drought management options available to cattle operations on two Native American reservations in Nevada, the Duck Valley and Pyramid Lake Indian reservations. Specifically, we discuss the results of a study that evaluated the economic outcomes of two common drought response strategies: herd reduction and supplemental hay purchases. We also provide recommendations for ranchers regarding optimal strategies, i.e., those which would maximize profits for two rancher types, differentiated by their willingness to accept risk (risk-neutral) or avoid it (risk-averse).

Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Metaheuristic Techniques, Narges Sabry Anwer Mohammed, Mohammed Sabry Saraya, Amr M. Thabet, Labib M. Labib

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Credit Card Fraud Detection (CCFD) has become a critical challenge to financial security due to increasingly sophisticated fraudulent activities. This study investigates the effectiveness of Meta-Heuristic (MHT) optimization techniques in improving fraud detection (FD) through feature selection (FS) and model optimization. To address class imbalance, Random Under-Sampling (RUS) was applied. The selected feature subsets were evaluated using three machine learning (ML) classifiers—Decision Tree (DT), KNearest Neighbours (KNN), and XGBoost (Xgb-Tree)—across four benchmark datasets: European, Statlog (Australian Credit Approval), PaySim, and Credit Card Transactions Fraud Detection (CCTFD). Eleven binary MHT algorithms were implemented and compared. The comparative analysis shows that the …

Enhancing Deep Learning And Workload Management In Online Education: The Power Of Scaffolded Weekly Assessments, Maryam Mohammad Zadeh, Rebecca Ferrari

International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education

This study investigates the use of scaffolded weekly assessments with individual feedback in promoting deep learning and managing workload among engineering students in online education. The research focuses on how these assessment strategies shape students’ learning approaches and workload distribution. The study involved the implementation of weekly assessments aligned with intended learning outcomes, complemented by personalized feedback. Data collection comprised student surveys and qualitative feedback to assess the impact on learning approaches and workload management. The qualitative results show that 91.9% of the students adopted deep learning, where only 8.1% engaging in surface learning. Students reported that this approach not …

Preventive Health Behaviors Among Vegetable Farmers In Indonesia: An Application Of The Extended Theory Of Planned Behavior, Aria Gusti, Wira Iqbal, Fitrahul Afifah

Journal of Health Research

Background: Farmers in low- and middle-income countries face serious occupational and environmental health risks, including pesticide exposure, musculoskeletal disorders, and skin diseases. In Indonesia, limited evidence exists on the psychosocial factors that shape preventive health behaviors, hindering the design of effective interventions. This study applies an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework to analyze preventive practices among vegetable farmers.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 254 vegetable farmers in Koto Laweh Village, West Sumatra, Indonesia, during July–August 2025. Data were collected using a validated TPB-based questionnaire and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM).

Results: Knowledge …

The Role Of Economic Parasitism In Protecting Industrial Property, Karima Karroumy

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

The paper analyzes economic parasitism as a behavior addressed by law to protect industrial property rights. It defines parasitism as the act of placing oneself in another’s wake to appropriate the results of their financial, intellectual, or promotional efforts. By focusing on links with trademark law and, more broadly, industrial property, the article explains how actions based on parasitism can complement traditional IP remedies to prevent usurpation of goodwill and to preserve fair competition.

Interaction Between Patent Law And Consumer Law, Laila El Bennissi

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article explores the relationship between patent law and consumer protection in a context where innovation drives corporate competitiveness. It discusses how patents grant innovators market exclusivity, while consumer law imposes rules aimed at protecting consumers in professional–consumer relations. The study highlights the need to reconcile firms’ innovation and commercialization strategies with consumer protection requirements, and proposes considering consumer law constraints when developing and exploiting patented innovations.

Parasitism: A Tool For Consumer Protection?, Meriem Benis

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article examines the notion of commercial parasitism and its relevance as a legal instrument for protecting consumers. It discusses how parasitic practices distort fair competition by allowing an operator to benefit from another’s investments, reputation, and know-how, and explains the market-disrupting effects of such conduct. The paper argues that combating parasitism helps ensure a loyal competitive environment and, indirectly, safeguards consumers’ interests through better market discipline.

The Implications Of Integrating Naturalised Refugees On National Security In Tanzania: Insights From Katumba Old Settlement, Adventina Lauren

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The threats of flight-related factors of the integrated refugees on Tanzania’s national security have not been given serious attention. The article examined the effect of the 162,156 integrated refugee who fled their country of origin due to ethnic, economic, political, and religious conflicts. The study adopted a case study design mixing both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data were collected through; a survey, in-depth interviews, direct observation, focus group discussion, and document review. It drew data from a sample of 397 involving both naturalised refugees (IRs) and native Tanzanians (NTs) who have been living in the study area and 31 …

Capitalist Social Relations And The Environment: A Hyena—Baby Gazelle Acquaintance, Nelson Mwesiga Ishengoma

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Despite playing a critical role in the survival of living beings, several empirical findings all around the world suggest that the planet Earth is now in a perilous state. Whilst acknowledging the influence of several superficial humanistic factors upon which the conventional discourses on the current environmental concerns have long been affixed, this analytical paper contends that such aspects are deficient in comprehending and remedying the problem. Contrarily, attempts to identify the underlying causes and cures of the environmental problem should recognise the modus vivendi of the prevailing capitalistic social relations, which serve as the basis for existing exploitative and …

Land Use Cover Changes And Household Livelihoods Adaptation Strategies In Mbulu And Karatu Districts, Tanzania, Leonia John Raphael

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The interactions between the human and the biophysical factors at different spatial scales have triggered Land Use Cover Changes (LUCC). The study uses both qualitative (indepth interviews and focus group discussions) and quantitative techniques (household survey and spatial data analysis through the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to acquire information and data for the study. The results have shown that overall LUCC is decelerating in both districts, Mbulu and Karatu across the two-time intervals. In the period between 1987and 2001, cultivation, settlements, wetland, grasslands and bare soils gained at the expense of forest, woodland, bush-land, and water. However, in …

From De-Emphasizing Public Health And Social Measures For Covid-19 To Vaccine Acceptance: An Analysis Of Two Tanzanian Administration’S Responses To Covid-19, Simon Mutebi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Recent global public health literature on politics and pandemics has explored the diversity of African political leaders’ responses to COVID-19. In this article, analysis is done of two Tanzanian administrations’ responses to COVID-19 to show how they departed from each other. For instance, the late President John Magufuli’s administration promoted ‘Afrocentric’ medical knowledge, endogenous initiatives, and spiritual prowess while de-emphasizing ‘Western’ biomedical and public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. His successor, President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration, however, favoured and promoted public health and social interventions and authorized the importation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in Tanzania. Drawing …

Exploration Of The Child Domestic Workers’ Lived Experiences In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Magolanga Shagembe, Thomas Ndaluka

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This qualitative study, based on a phenomenological design, explored the lived experiences of child domestic workers aged 15 to 18 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Children in this age group are above the national and international legal minimum age for admission into light work. The findings of our study indicated that although domestic work is perceived by the child domestic workers as a method for impoverished children between the ages of 15 and 18 to earn money, get experience, and learn new life skills, it also entails loneliness, challenges in assimilating into an unfamiliar social context, and child sexual …

Side Effects Of The Coexistence Of Tradition Medicine With Biomedicine In Primary Health Service Delivery In Rural Areas Of Tanzania, Matrona Kabyemela

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

It is approximated that 60-80 per cent of Tanzanians use Traditional Medicine (TM) as their primary source of health services alongside biomedical services. However, there is little information on the side effects of the co-existence of TM with biomedical system to primary health services delivery in Tanzania. By using Helmke and Levitsky’s Model of co-existence of formal and informal institutions in comparative politics, this article argues that the coexistence of TM and biomedicine undermine the delivery of primary health services in rural areas of Tanzania due to abrupt stoppage of using biomedicine among users, concurrent use of TM and biomedicine …

From De-Emphasizing Public Health And Social Measures For Covid-19 To Vaccine Acceptance: An Analysis Of Two Tanzanian Administration’S Responses To Covid-19, Simon Mutebi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Recent global public health literature on politics and pandemics has explored the diversity of African political leaders’ responses to COVID-19. In this article, analysis is done of two Tanzanian administrations’ responses to COVID-19 to show how they departed from each other. For instance, the late President John Magufuli’s administration promoted ‘Afrocentric’ medical knowledge, endogenous initiatives, and spiritual prowess while de-emphasizing ‘Western’ biomedical and public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. His successor, President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration, however, favoured and promoted public health and social interventions and authorized the importation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in Tanzania. Drawing …

Exploration Of The Child Domestic Workers’ Lived Experiences In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Magolanga Shagembe, Thomas Ndaluka

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This qualitative study, based on a phenomenological design, explored the lived experiences of child domestic workers aged 15 to 18 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Children in this age group are above the national and international legal minimum age for admission into light work. The findings of our study indicated that although domestic work is perceived by the child domestic workers as a method for impoverished children between the ages of 15 and 18 to earn money, get experience, and learn new life skills, it also entails loneliness, challenges in assimilating into an unfamiliar social context, and child sexual …

Side Effects Of The Coexistence Of Tradition Medicine With Biomedicine In Primary Health Service Delivery In Rural Areas Of Tanzania, Matrona Kabyemela

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

It is approximated that 60-80 per cent of Tanzanians use Traditional Medicine (TM) as their primary source of health services alongside biomedical services. However, there is little information on the side effects of the co-existence of TM with biomedical system to primary health services delivery in Tanzania. By using Helmke and Levitsky’s Model of co-existence of formal and informal institutions in comparative politics, this article argues that the coexistence of TM and biomedicine undermine the delivery of primary health services in rural areas of Tanzania due to abrupt stoppage of using biomedicine among users, concurrent use of TM and biomedicine …

Longitudinal Analysis Of Body Weight Reveals Homeostatic And Adaptive Traits Linked To Lifespan In Diversity Outbred Mice., G V Prateek, Zhenghao Chen, Kevin Wright, Andrea Di Francesco, Vladimir Jojic, Gary Churchill, Anil Raj

Faculty Research 2026

Dense temporal measurements of physiological health, using simple and consistent assays, are essential to characterize biological processes associated with aging and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on these processes. We measured body weight in 960 genetically diverse female mice, every 7-10 days over the full course of their lifespan. We used a state space model to characterize the trajectories of body weight throughout life and derived novel traits capturing the dynamics of body weight, 10 of which were both heritable and associated with lifespan. Genetic mapping of these body weight-derived traits identified 5 genomic loci, none of which were previously …

A Review Of 3d-Printed Medical Devices For Cancer Radiation Therapy., Radiah Pinckney, Santosh Kumar Parupelli, Peter Sandwall, Sha Chang, Salil Desai

Oncology Articles

This review explores the transformative role of three-dimensional (3D) printing in radiation therapy for cancer treatment, emphasizing its potential to deliver patient-specific, cost-effective, and sustainable medical devices. The integration of 3D printing enables rapid fabrication of customized boluses, compensators, immobilization devices, and GRID collimators tailored to individual anatomical and clinical requirements. Comparative analysis reveals that additive manufacturing surpasses conventional machining in design flexibility, lead time reduction, and material efficiency, while offering significant cost savings and recyclability benefits. Case studies demonstrate that 3D-printed GRID collimators achieve comparable dosimetric performance to traditional devices, with peak-to-valley dose ratios optimized for spatially fractionated radiation …

Longitudinal Analysis Of Body Weight Reveals Homeostatic And Adaptive Traits Linked To Lifespan In Diversity Outbred Mice., G V Prateek, Zhenghao Chen, Kevin Wright, Andrea Di Francesco, Vladimir Jojic, Gary Churchill, Anil Raj

Faculty Research 2026

Dense temporal measurements of physiological health, using simple and consistent assays, are essential to characterize biological processes associated with aging and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on these processes. We measured body weight in 960 genetically diverse female mice, every 7-10 days over the full course of their lifespan. We used a state space model to characterize the trajectories of body weight throughout life and derived novel traits capturing the dynamics of body weight, 10 of which were both heritable and associated with lifespan. Genetic mapping of these body weight-derived traits identified 5 genomic loci, none of which were previously …

Adversarial Comparativism: The Role Of Emotion In United States–China Comparative Law Projects, Matthew S. Erie

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Contemporary comparative law operates across a landscape riven by protectionism, nationalism, and securitization, all of which complicate comparative law projects. Nowhere is this more evident than in the U.S-China relationship, the most important bilateral relationship in the world. Despite economic “delinking,” the U.S. and Chinese legal systems are interacting more than ever; however, how this interaction works is poorly understood. This Article proposes “adversarial comparativism” to explain this dynamic. It is an approach to comparative law and politics that includes different modalities: competition, aggressiveness, transactionalism, misunderstanding, opportunism, and gaslighting. Many of these are underpinned by emotion. As such, while this …

Ultrasonic Extraction-Based Analysis Of Persistent Organic Pollutants In Blubber From False Killer Whales, Michael O. Eze, Eva Borras, Mitchell M. Mccartney, Don R. Bergfelt, Kristi L. West, Sarah E. Hooper, Cristina E. Davis

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In view of the toxic effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), fast and effective assessment of their concentrations in marine mammals is important for understanding individual and population-level health impacts. This study developed an ultrasonic-based method that is less time-consuming, uses minimal solvent, and thus is more sustainable than the gold standard Soxhlet method for accurate analysis of organochlorine pesticides (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and benzene hexachlorides (BHC) in false killer whale blubber. This method was developed by comparing concentrations of POPs obtained using the traditional Soxhlet and novel ultrasonic extraction methods using blubber from false killer whales (n = …

Natural Protective Mechanisms Of Cucumis Callosus Leaves In Escherichia Species-Induced Urinary Tract Infection: An Integrated In Silico And In Vivo Study, Meenal Sahu, Tripti Paliwal, Radhika Joshi, Arya Kuhu Vishwapriya, Namita Misra, Smita Jain, Gautam Singhvi, Gulshan Kumar, Devesh U. Kapoor, Dipjyoti Chakraborty, Swapnil Sharma

Michigan Tech Publications

Leaves of Cucumis callosus, traditionally employed in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of urinary disorders, were investigated in depth for their therapeutic potential against bacterially induced urinary tract infection (UTI) for the first time. The present work is the first to explore the antibacterial activity of C. callosus leaf fractions with an integrative in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approach. Through bioassay-guided fractionation, the chloroform fraction (F1) was identified as the most active, exhibiting potent activity against Uropathogenic Escherichia spp. species. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of F1 revealed the presence of bioactive compounds, including stigmasterol, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, lactose, hydroxy(mesityl)acetic …

First Report Of The Chytrid Fungus, Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis (Chytridiomycota: Rhizophydiales) From Spring Peeper, Pseudacris Crucifer (Anura: Hylidae), In Western Arkansas, C. T. Mcallister, I. F. Standish, E. M. Leis, M. R. Rodriguez, G. Burrows, H. W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Seven adult spring peepers, Pseudacris crucifer, were collected by hand during April 2024 from Polk County, Arkansas, and examined for the pathogens, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal), and frog virus 3-like Ranavirus (FV3). Swabs from three of seven (43%) individuals tested positive for Bd: all P. crucifer were negative for the other two pathogens. In addition, no hosts showed any obvious pathological signs of infection and, as such, may represent Bd vectors.  This is the first time P. crucifer from Arkansas has been reported with Bd and increases the number of amphibian species …