Digital Commons Network^™

Loss Of Alkaline Earth Elements By Runoff From Agricultural Watersheds, M. A. Elrashidi, D. Hammer, M. D. Mays, C. A. Seybold, S. D. Peaslee

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The loss of agricultural chemicals in runoff from agricultural land is a major cause of poor surface water quality in the United State. Scientists (Natural Resources Conservation Service) developed a technique using climatic, hydrologic, and soil survey information to estimate the impact of agricultural watersheds on natural water resources. The objective of this study was to apply this technique on the Wagon Train (WT) watershed to predict loss of alkaline earth elements (calcium [Ca], magnesium [Mg], barium [Ba], and strontium [Sr]) by runoff from soils and to estimate elements loading into WT reservoir. The predicted losses of Ca, Mg, Ba, …

Lake Mead National Recreation Area Vegetation Monitoring And Analysis: Quarterly Progress Report, Period Ending March 31, 2007, Margaret N. Rees

Vegetation Monitoring

Executive Summary

• Weed Sentry staff surveyed for exotic species on 208 miles of roads on NPS land and on 61 miles of BLM land. Due to sparse precipitation this winter, exotic species are much less abundant this year compared to last year at this time.
• Other exotic species projects initiated this quarter included an assessment of invasion patterns below native shrubs for early detection of potential invasion “hotspots,” and a community invasibility experiment established near the NPS nursery with substantial involvement from NPS ATR Ms. Alice Newton.
• A manuscript detailing several experiments with the invasive species Sahara mustard was submitted …

Spotted Cotton Oligonucleotide Microarrays For Gene Expression Analysis, Joshua Udall, Lex E. Flagel, Foo Chung, Andrew W. Woodward, Ran Hovav, Ryan A. Rapp, Jordan M. Swanson, Jinsuk J. Lee, Alan R. Gingle, Dan Nettleton, Christopher D. Town, Z. Jeffrey Chen, Jonathan F. Wendel

Faculty Publications

Microarrays offer a powerful tool for diverse applications plant biology and crop improvement. Recently, two comprehensive assemblies of cotton ESTs were constructed based on three Gossypium species. Using these assemblies as templates, we describe the design and creation and of a publicly available oligonucleotide array for cotton, useful for all four of the cultivated species. Results: Synthetic oligonucleotide probes were generated from exemplar sequences of a global assembly of 211,397 cotton ESTs derived from <50 different cDNA libraries representing many different tissue types and tissue treatments. A total of 22,787 oligonucleotide probes are included on the arrays, optimized to target the diversity of the transcriptome and previously studied cotton genes, transcription factors, and genes with homology to Arabidopsis. A small portion of the oligonucleotides target unidentified protein coding sequences, thereby providing an element of gene discovery. Because many oligonucleotides were based on ESTs from fiber-specific cDNA libraries, the microarray has direct application for analysis of the fiber transcriptome. To illustrate the utility of the microarray, we hybridized labeled bud and leaf cDNAs from G. hirsutum and demonstrate technical consistency of results. Conclusion: The cotton oligonucleotide microarray provides a reproducible platform for transcription profiling in cotton, and is made publicly available through http://cottonevolution.info.

Plant Cells And Plants Expressing Chemeric Isoprenoid Synthases, Joseph Chappell, Kyoungwhan Back

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Patents

The invention features plant cells and plants that include a nucleic acid molecule encoding a chimeric isoprenoid synthase polypeptide including an asymmetrically positioned homologous domain. The chimeric isoprenoid synthases of the invention catalyze the production of isoprenoid reaction products that are not produced when the asymmetrically positioned homologous domain is positioned at its naturally-occurring site in an isoprenoid synthase polypeptide.

Sorghum: Nutritional Feed For U.S. And African Poultry, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Grain sorghum, an important dryland crop in the Central Great Plains of the United States, is adapted to growing in areas where low and erratic rainfall and high temperatures limit production of other crops such as maize and soybeans. The United States is the largest producer of grain sorghum with 6 million acres devoted to production of this crop in 2005. Kansas produces more grain sorghum, commonly known as milo, than any other U.S. state. Kansas growers value sorghum because it performs well in many types of soils and weather. More than 80% of the sorghum produced in Kansas is …

Nebline, March 2007

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

$pending YOUR Calorie $alary: Tips for Using MyPyramid
All-America Selections Flower and Vegetable Award Winners for 2007
Planting Asparagus
Alternative Agriculture Provides Opportunities For Enthusiastic Entrepreneur
Proper Precautions for Chain Saw Safety
Collection of Unwanted Pesticides, March 23
Computerized Farm Financial Recordkeeping, March 19
Upcoming Pesticide Applicator Trainings
Use Pheromone Traps to Locate Indian Meal Moths Infestations
ewf needs volunteers
Build a Bat House
Fertilizing Crop Land with Biosolids
Potential Benefits and Hazards of Bats
Food Safety: What You Don’t Know CAN Hurt You
Ground Beef Vegetable Soup with Rice Recipe
$hop $mart to $tretch Your Food Dollar
Add Acidic …

Forage News [2007-03], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Alfalfa Awards
• 27^th Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• Forages at KCA
• 2006 Hay Contest Winners
• Biotech Traits Can Improve Alfalfa
• Newly Updated: Grain and Forage Crop Guide For KY
• New Publication: Long Term Variety Test Summary
• AFGC Will Hold Its Annual Meeting This June in Pennsylvania
• Increase in Alfalfa Acreage & Yield
• Conversion from Corn to Grassland Provides Economic and Environmental Benefits to a Maryland Beef Farm
• Disc, Sickle Mowers Both Have Pluses
• Kentucky Farm Numbers
• Upcoming Events

Intraspecific And Interspecific Territoriality In Microtus Ochrogaster And M. Pennsylvanicus, David J. Tazik, Lowell L. Getz

The Prairie Naturalist

Adult female Microtus ochrogaster and M. pennsylvanicus displayed interspecific territorial behavior in a bluegrass site in Illinois. We concluded that within a site, interspecific territorial behavior might be a factor in non-synchronous population fluctuations characteristic of the two species.

Mallard Brood Movements In The Canadian Prairie Parklands, Garnet H. Raven, Todd W. Arnold, David W. Howerter, Llwellyn M. Armstrong

The Prairie Naturalist

We radiotracked 308 mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) broods from hatching until 30 days of age Oij 15 study areas located throughout the Canadian Prairie Parklands to examine patterns of variation in movement frequency and distance. Broods moved an average of 350 m from nests to first wetlands (SO = 390), with 94% of broods moving less than I km. After leaving the nest, broods had a 23% probability of moving to a new wetland each day, but movement probability was a complex function of study area, hatch date, and ducking age, with younger and earlier-hatched broods exhibiting greater movement …

Returns To Research And Development Investment Of The Department Of Agriculture And Food Western Australia : Benefit Cost Analysis, 2006-2007, Peter Coyle, Editor, Roslyn Blanchard, Francis Bright, Paul Mattingley, Manju Radhakrishnan

Bulletins 4000 -

Strategic decision making is enhanced by the consideration of benefit cost analyses of many projects. Each year a selection of projects is evaluated to assist in the determination of the most appropriate allocation of funds. This is only one of the methods that are employed by the Department’s Executive to increase market competitiveness and profitability in agriculture and the pastoral industries. This report includes both ex post and ex ante analyses, as they are complementary processes.

Returns To R&D Investment Of Dafwa: Benefit Cost Analysis, 2005-2006, Nazrul Islam

Bulletins 4000 -

The primary outcome or objective of the projects that are assessed, is to increase the market competitiveness and profitability of agri-industry.

Returns To Research And Development Investment Of Department Of Agriculture And Food Western Australia : Benefit Cost Analysis 2005-2006, Nazrul Islam, Francis Bright, Peter Coyle, Peter Eckersley, Louise Evans, Joseph Gaffy, Allan Herbert, Ross Kingwell, Emma Kopke, Peter Tozer

Bulletins 4000 -

Programs of the Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia apply benefit-cost analysis to assist in the allocation of funds to those areas likely to make the largest contribution to the rural economy and thus to achieve the Department outcome of increased market competitiveness and profitability. To learn lessons from the completed projects the Programs also use ex post analyses. Information collected in the course of the ex post analyses can usefully improve the assessment of proposed projects.

Functional Characterization Of The Aspergillus Fumigatus Calcineurin, Márcia Eliana Da Silva Ferreira, Thorsten Heinekamp, Albert Hartl, Axel A. Brakhage, Camile P. Semighini, Steven D. Harris, Marcela Savoldi, Paula Fagundes De Gouvêa, Maria Helena De Souza Goldman, Gustavo H. Goldman

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Aspergillus fumigatus is an aggressive opportunistic pathogen of humans as well as a major allergen. Environmental sensing and retrieving essential nutrients from the environment are general metabolic traits associated with the growth of this saprophytic fungus. Two important mediators of calcium signals in eukaryotic cells are the Ca²⁺-binding protein calmodulin and the Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin. Calcineurin is a heterodimer that consists of a catalytic subunit A and a Ca²⁺/calmodulin binding unit. We deleted the A. fumigatus calA gene, which encodes the calcineurin A catalytic subunit, and demonstrated that this gene is not essential in …

The Prairie Naturalist, Volume 39, No.1, March 2007

The Prairie Naturalist

CONTENTS

MALLARD BROOD MOVEMENTS IN THE CANADIAN PRAIRIE PARKLANDS G. H. Raven, T. W. Arnold, D. W. Howerter, and L. M. Armstrong

WOODLAND BIRD USE OF IN-CHANNEL ISLANDS IN THE CENTRAL PLATTE RIVER, NEBRASKA, W. C. Scharf

PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO MODERATELY HALOPHILIC BACTERIA FROM A KANSAS SALT MARSH, A. M. Johnson, L. R. Thurlow, S. R. Zwenger, and E. T. Gillock

INTRASPECIFIC AND INTERSPECIFIC TERRITORIALITY IN MICROTUS OCHROGASTER AND M. PENNSYLVANICUS, D. J. Tazik and L. L. Getz

VEGETATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF PRONGHORN BED SITES IN WIND CAVE NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH DAKOTA, C. N. Jacques, J. A. Jenks, J. D. …

Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2006, Nathan A. Slaton

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Rapid technological changes in crop management and production require that the research efforts also be presented in an expeditious manner. The contributions of soil fertility and fertilizers are major production factors in all Arkansas crops. The studies described within will allow producers to compare their practices with the university's research efforts. Additionally, soil test data and fertilizer sales are presented to allow comparisons among years, crops, and other areas within Arkansas.

Raised Bed Gardening Top 10 Questions, Jaydee Gunnell

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

A Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tomato Dc3000 Mutant Lacking The Type Iii Effector Hopq1-1 Is Able To Cause Disease In The Model Plant Nicotiana Benthamiana, Chia-Fong Wei, Brian H. Kvitko, Rena Shimizu, Emerson Crabill, James R. Alfano, Nai-Chun Lin, Gregory B. Martin, Hsiou-Chen Huang, Alan Collmer

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

The model pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 causes bacterial speck in tomato and Arabidopsis, but Nicotiana benthamiana, an important model plant, is considered to be a non-host. Strain DC3000 injects approximately 28 effector proteins into plant cells via the type III secretion system (T3SS). These proteins were individually delivered into N. benthamiana leaf cells via T3SS-proficient Pseudomonas fluorescens, and eight, including HopQ1-1, showed some capacity to cause cell death in this test. Four gene clusters encoding 13 effectors were deleted from DC3000: cluster II (hopH1, hopC1), IV (hopD1, hopQ1-1, hopR1), IX (hopAA1-2, hopV1, hopAO1, hopG1), and native plasmid pDC3000A …

Alfalfa For Summer Grazing, John Johns

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa can make an excellent grazing forage for cattle in the summer as well as at other times of year provided that good grazing management is utilized. Alfalfa can be grazed very close to the ground but should not be grazed continuously. Initial regrowth after grazing comes from nutrient reserves in the root; therefore, a sufficient rest period or regrowth period without grazing must be allowed for these nutrients to be replenished. In summer, this rest period is 30 to 35 days. In adequate rest for root nutrient replenishment is not allowed, the plant will be weakened and stand life …

How The Alfalfa Plant Grows: Impact On Management, S. Ray Smith

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is the premier forage crop with high yield, high forage quality, season long productivity, drought tolerance, and extended stand life. Alfalfa requires intensive management to insure that yield, quality, and stand life are maximized. It should be planted on deep, well drained soils and maintained with optimal fertilizer inputs. It also requires adequate rest periods between cutting for hay or grazing. Alfalfa can be prone to significant insect damage and stands may require insecticide treatments. There are many details to successfully managing an alfalfa stand, but if you understand how the plant grows then you will better understand the …

Crop Updates 2007 - Farming Systems, David Jeffries, A. Loi, B. J. Nutt, Clinton K. Revell Dr, Yvette Oliver, Michael Robertson, Bill Bowden, Kit Leake, Ashley Bonser, Ian Maling, Bindi Isbister, Garren Knell, Alison Slade, David Stephens, Michael Meuleners, David Beard, Nicolyn Short, Rob Grima, Ingrid Richardson, Ruhi Ferdowsian, Geoff Bee, David Evans, Bob Gilkes, Senthold Asseng, Jim Dixon, Felicity Byrne, Mike Ewing, Dennis Van Gool, Louise Barton, Ralf Kiese, David Gatter, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Renee Buck, Christoph Hinz, Daniel Murphy, Cameron Weeks, Meredith Fairbanks, John Peirce, Brad Rayner, Sandy White, Paul Damon, Qifa Ma, Zed Rengel, Ed Barrett-Lennard, Meir Altman, Tracey M. Gianatti, Lindsay Bell, Ben Webb, Caroline Peek, Paul Sanford, Paul Blackwell, Glen Riethmuller, Darshan Sharma, Mike Collins, Frank D'Emden, David Hall, G. P. Manango, D. L. Steverson, Vanessa Stewart, Julie Roche, Peter Rutherford, Imma Farre, Ian Foster, Stephen Charles, Frances Hoyle, N. Milton, M. Osman, L. K. Abbott, W. R. Cookson, S. Darmawanto, Rob Sands, David Mccarthy, Paul Carmody, J. Russell, J. Eyres, G. Fosbery, A. Roe, Phil Nichols, Andrew Bathgate, Anne Wilkins

Crop Updates

This session covers forty papers from different authors:

1. Quality Assurance and industry stewardship, David Jeffries, Better Farm IQ Manager, Cooperative Bulk Handling

2. Sothis: Trifolium dasyurum (Eastern Star clover), A. Loi, B.J. Nutt and C.K. Revell, Department of Agriculture and Food

3. Poor performing patches of the paddock – to ameliorate or live with low yield? Yvette Oliver¹, Michael Robertson¹, Bill Bowden², Kit Leake³and Ashley Bonser³, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems¹, Department of Food and Agriculture², Kellerberrin Farmer³

4. What evidence is there that …

Ips Pini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Is A Vector Of The Fungal Pathogen, Sphaeropsis Sapinea (Coelomycetes), To Austrian Pines, Pinus Nigra (Pinaceae), Justin G.A. Whitehall, Jeffery S. Lehman, Pierluigi Bonello

Biology and Earth Science Faculty Scholarship

Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.:Fr.) Dyko and Sutton, is among the most common and widely distributed pathogens of conifers worldwide. S. sapinea is disseminated over short distances by rain splash and moist wind, but significant knowledge gaps regarding long-range dispersal remain. Our objective was to determine whether or not the pine engraver beetle, Ips pini Say, is a vector of the pathogen onto Austrian pines (Pinus nigra Arnold). In 2004 and 2005, individuals of I. pini were collected with pheromone traps at two locations in central Ohio (197 and 1,017 individuals for 2004 and 2005, respectively) and screened for the presence of …

Impact Of The Agricultural Sector On The Arkansas Economy In 2003, Jennie Popp, Nathan Kemper, Wayne Miller

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agriculture and associated agricultural activities are major contributors to the Arkansas economy. Agriculture is defined as the sum of agricultural production and processing activities, unless otherwise specified, and includes crop and animal production and processing, agricultural support industries, forestry and forest products, and textile goods. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production and value-added processing, and also leads to economic activity in other parts of the economy.

Nebline, February 2007

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Private Well Management During a Drought
Some Wells in Lancaster County Have Dried Up
Groundwater-level Changes in Nebraska — Drought from Spring 2000 to Spring 2006
Computerized Farm Financial Recordkeeping Workshop, March 19
Manage Stored Grain Temperature with Aeration
Upcoming Pesticide Applicator Trainings
Estimating Water Needs When Planning for a New Well
Have a Healthy, Happy Valentine’s Day with Children!
Triple Play Walnut Crunch Recipe
Pack Power Lunches
Candy Placement May Determine How Much You Eat
President’s Notes — Alice’s Analysis
Household Hints: Keeping Comforters Clean and Cozy
FCE News & Events
Strengthening Family Treasures Daughter/Mother Camp
Clearing Out and …

Greater Diversity Of Shiga Toxin-Encoding Bacteriophage Insertion Sites Among Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Isolates From Cattle Than In Those From Humans, Thomas E. Besser, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Nicholas J. Holt, Phillip I. Tarr, Michael E. Konkel, Preeti Malik-Kale, Coilin W. Walsh, Thomas S. Whittam, James L. Bono

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

E. coli O157:H7, a zoonotic human pathogen for which domestic cattle are a reservoir host, produces a Shiga toxin(s) (Stx) encoded by bacteriophages. Chromosomal insertion sites of these bacteriophages define three principal genotypes (clusters 1 to 3) among clinical isolates of E. coliO157:H7. Stx-encoding bacteriophage insertion site genotypes of 282 clinical and 80 bovine isolates were evaluated. A total of 268 (95.0%) of the clinical isolates, but only 41 (51.3%) of the bovine isolates, belonged to cluster 1, 2, or 3 (P < 0.001). Thirteen additional genotypes were identified in isolates from both cattle and humans (four genotypes), from only cattle (seven genotypes), or from only humans (two genotypes). Two other markers previously associated with isolates from cattle or with clinical isolates showed similar associations with genotype groups within bovine isolates; the tir allele sp-1 and the Q_933W allele were under- and overrepresented, respectively, among cluster 1 to …

Forage News [2007-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 27th Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• Forages at KCA
• Heart of America Grazing Conference
• AFGC in Pennsylvania
• 1st National Grass-Fed Beef Conference
• AFGC Update
• 2007 Variety Trial Reports Available
• Top Ten Agricultural Counties (2005)
• Top Ten Counties (2005)
• Transporting Hay to be Subject to New Regulations
• FDA: Hay Farmers Clear Of Records Law
• Hay Sampling
• Use of Feedstuffs by Livestock in the United States
• Upcoming Events

Water In Beaver Dam Wash And Lytle Preserve, Stanley L. Welsh

Books by Faculty of the Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum

This short work is derived from a manuscript prepared for presentation in a water adjudication hearing, following a proposal to pipe water from wells in Beaver Dam Wash for transfer across state lines to be used for culinary and other purposes in Mesquite, Nevada. The Wash is estimated to yield 2000 acre feet of water annually, mostly as subsurface flow, at the Arizona line. About a third of that amount is already appropriated by users along the Wash in Utah, but there are applications pending for more than 100,000 acre feet in Utah. Thus, the Wash is already oversubscribed by …

Root Lesion And Burrowing Nematodes In Western Australian Cropping Systems, Vivien Vanstone

Bulletins 4000 -

Nematodes are common soil pests that feed on the roots of a wide range of crop plants in all agricultural areas of Western Australia, irrespective of soil type and rainfall. Nematodes multiply on susceptible hosts. Consequently, as nematode populations increase, crop production is limited. Cereal yield losses due to nematodes in Western Australia are in the order of 5 to 15 per cent per annum, but individual losses as high as 40 per cent have been recorded.

Set3p Monomethylates Histone H3 On Lysine 9 And Is Required For The Silencing Of Tandemly Repeated Transgenes In Chlamydomonas, Juan Casas-Mollano, Karin V. Van Dijk, John Eisenhart, Heriberto D. Cerutti

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

SET domain-containing proteins of the SU(VAR)3-9 class are major regulators of heterochromatin in several eukaryotes, including mammals, insects, plants and fungi. The function of these polypeptides is mediated, at least in part, by their ability to methylate histone H3 on lysine 9 (H3K9). Indeed, mutants defective in SU(VAR)3-9 proteins have implicated di- and/or trimethyl H3K9 in the formation and/or maintenance of heterochromatin across the eukaryotic spectrum. Yet, the biological significance of monomethyl H3K9 has remained unclear because of the lack of mutants exclusively defective in this modification. Interestingly, a SU(VAR)3-9 homolog in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, SET3p, …

Conservation Of B Class Gene Expression In The Second Whorl Of A Basal Grass And Outgroups Links The Origin Of Lodicules And Petals, Clinton Whipple, Michael Zanis, Elizabeth Kellogg, Robert Schmidt

Biology Department Faculty Works

Studies of flower development in core eudicot species have established a central role for B class MADS-box genes in specifying petal and stamen identities. Similarly in maize and rice, B class genes are essential for lodicule and stamen specification, suggesting homology of petals and lodicules and conservation of B class gene activity across angiosperms. However, lodicules are grass-specific organs with a morphology distinct from petals, thus their true homology to eudicot and nongrass monocot floral organs has been a topic of debate. To understand the relationship of lodicules to the sterile floral organs of nongrass monocots we have isolated and …

Forage Quality: What Is It? What Can We Do About It? And, Will It Pay?, Garry D. Lacefield

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

Profitable livestock production almost always requires a forage program that will supply large quantities of adequate quality, homegrown feed. A major percentage of the feed units for beef (83%) and dairy cattle (61%) come from forages. In addition, forages supply an estimated 91%, 72%, 15% and 99% of the nutrients consumed by sheep and goats, horses, swine, and wildlife, respectively.