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Characterizing The Single-Photon State: Quantum Physics Experiments With Single-Photon Sensitivity, Sheldon Lee Field Aug 2022

Characterizing The Single-Photon State: Quantum Physics Experiments With Single-Photon Sensitivity, Sheldon Lee Field

University Honors Theses

Coincidence-counting and spontaneous parametric downconversion are central to introductory quantum mechanical experimentation but have remained largely out of reach of undergraduate physics instructors. This thesis summarizes the theory behind light polarization, spontaneous parametric downconversion, birefringent refractive indices, and an affordable self-contained photon coincidence counting unit (CCU). A method for implementing a CCU to demonstrate downconversion is presented, and empirical results are provided.

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Improved Constraints On The Standard Model Higgs Self-Interaction Using A Search For Hh → 4b Via The Vector-Boson Fusion Production Mode At √S = 13 Tev In 126 Fb^-1 Of Data Collected By The Atlas Experiment, Christopher Milke Aug 2022

Improved Constraints On The Standard Model Higgs Self-Interaction Using A Search For Hh → 4b Via The Vector-Boson Fusion Production Mode At √S = 13 Tev In 126 Fb^-1 Of Data Collected By The Atlas Experiment, Christopher Milke

Physics Theses and Dissertations

A search for di-Higgs production via the Vector Boson Fusion mechanism decaying to 4 bottom quarks is performed using 126 fb−1 of data from Run 2 of ATLAS at √s = 13 TeV. The search was performed in the non-resonant regime, finding an upper bound on the production cross-section for the Standard Model VBF→HH→4b of about 200 times the Standard Model. Constraints are placed on both the HHVV coupling (which determines the W/Z-higgs four-point interaction strength) and HHH Higgs self-coupling scale factors at 95% confidence. The HHVV coupling scaling factor (κ2V ) is constrained to an observed interval between 0.09 …

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Improved Measurement Of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters By The Nova Experiment, M. A. Acero, P. Adamson, L. Aliaga, N. Anfimov, A. Antoshkin, E. Arrieta-Diaz, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, A. Back, C. Backhouse, M. Baird, N. Balashov, P. Baldi, B. A. Bambah, S. Bashar, K. Bays, R. Bernstein, V. Bhatnagar, D. Bhattarai, B. Bhuyan, Roberto Petti, Et. Al. Aug 2022

Improved Measurement Of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters By The Nova Experiment, M. A. Acero, P. Adamson, L. Aliaga, N. Anfimov, A. Antoshkin, E. Arrieta-Diaz, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, A. Back, C. Backhouse, M. Baird, N. Balashov, P. Baldi, B. A. Bambah, S. Bashar, K. Bays, R. Bernstein, V. Bhatnagar, D. Bhattarai, B. Bhuyan, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We present new νμ → νe, νμ → νμ, ⊽ μ →⊽ e, and ⊽ μ → ⊽ μ oscillation measurements by the NOvA experiment, with a 50% increase in neutrino-mode beam exposure over the previously reported results. The additional data, combined with previously published neutrino and antineutrino data, are all analyzed using improved techniques and simulations. A joint fit to the νe, νμ, ⊽ e, and ⊽ μ candidate samples within the 3-flavor neutrino oscillation framework continues to yield a best-fit point in the normal mass …

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Reconfigurable Hyperbolic Polaritonics With Correlated Oxide Metasurfaces, Neda Alsadat Aghamiri, Guangwei Hu, Alireza Fali, Zhen Zhang, Jiahan Li, Sivacarendran Balendhran, Sumeet Walia, Sharath Sriram, James H. Edgar, Shriram Ramanathan, Andrea Alù, Yohannes Abate Aug 2022

Reconfigurable Hyperbolic Polaritonics With Correlated Oxide Metasurfaces, Neda Alsadat Aghamiri, Guangwei Hu, Alireza Fali, Zhen Zhang, Jiahan Li, Sivacarendran Balendhran, Sumeet Walia, Sharath Sriram, James H. Edgar, Shriram Ramanathan, Andrea Alù, Yohannes Abate

Advanced Science Research Center

Polaritons enable subwavelength confinement and highly anisotropic flows of light over a wide spectral range, holding the promise for applications in modern nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. However, to fully realize their practical application potential, facile methods enabling nanoscale active control of polaritons are needed. Here, we introduce a hybrid polaritonicoxide heterostructure platform consisting of van der Waals crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) or alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide (α- MoO3), transferred on nanoscale oxygen vacancy patterns on the surface of prototypical correlated perovskite oxide, samarium nickel oxide, SmNiO3 (SNO). Using a combination of scanning probe microscopy and …

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Spatial And Temporal Characteristics Of California Commercial Fisheries From 2005 To 2019 And Potential Overlap With Offshore Wind Energy Development, Yi-Hui Wang, Ryan K. Walter, Crow White, Benjamin I. Ruttenberg Aug 2022

Spatial And Temporal Characteristics Of California Commercial Fisheries From 2005 To 2019 And Potential Overlap With Offshore Wind Energy Development, Yi-Hui Wang, Ryan K. Walter, Crow White, Benjamin I. Ruttenberg

Physics

As climate change accelerates and fisheries management continues to evolve, California's commercial fisheries are changing. To improve the understanding of recent California fisheries dynamics, we compiled and analyzed commercial landings receipts to characterize temporal and spatial variation in landing and value of key fisheries groups within the exclusive economic zone across the state from 2005 to 2019. We found that California fisheries continue a shift first observed in the 1980s from higher‐biomass, lower‐value species, such as coastal pelagic species and market squid, toward lower‐biomass, higher‐value species, such as Dungeness crab Cancer magister and groundfish. Over the 15‐year time series analyzed, …

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Study Of The Very High Energy Emission Of M87 Through Its Broadband Spectral Energy Distribution, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, E. Belmont-Moreno, D. Huang, P. Huntemeyer, Et. Al. Aug 2022

Study Of The Very High Energy Emission Of M87 Through Its Broadband Spectral Energy Distribution, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, E. Belmont-Moreno, D. Huang, P. Huntemeyer, Et. Al.

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

The radio galaxy M87 is the central dominant galaxy of the Virgo Cluster. Very high-energy (VHE, ≳0.1 TeV) emission from M87 has been detected by imaging air Cherenkov telescopes. Recently, marginal evidence for VHE long-term emission has also been observed by the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory, a gamma-ray and cosmic-ray detector array located in Puebla, Mexico. The mechanism that produces VHE emission in M87 remains unclear. This emission originates in its prominent jet, which has been spatially resolved from radio to X-rays. In this paper, we construct a spectral energy distribution from radio to gamma rays that is representative …

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Modeling The Electronic Properties For Cnt Interacted With Zno, Cuo, And Co3o4, Mohamed Morsy Aug 2022

Modeling The Electronic Properties For Cnt Interacted With Zno, Cuo, And Co3o4, Mohamed Morsy

Nanotechnology Research Centre

Because of the wide applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and magic properties of metal oxides, Hartree–Fock quantum mechanical calculations at HF/STO-3G were applied to study the electronic properties of CNTs and their interaction with ZnO, CuO, and Co 3O4. Calculations were conducted to calculate HOMO/LUMO bandgap energy ∆E, molecular electrostatic potential (MESP), and total dipole moment (TDM) for CNTs, CNTZn-O, CNT-Cu-O, CNT-Co-O, and CNT-O-Zn, CNT-O-Cu, CNT-O-Co following the two mechanisms of interaction as adsorbed and complex state. The calculations show that the interaction of CNTs with metal oxides increases its reactivity where MESP indicated to more distribution charges and an …

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Search For Spatial Correlations Of Neutrinos With Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays, A. Albert, S. Alves, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, S. Ardid, J. J. Aubert, B. Fick, D. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al. Aug 2022

Search For Spatial Correlations Of Neutrinos With Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays, A. Albert, S. Alves, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, S. Ardid, J. J. Aubert, B. Fick, D. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al.

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

For several decades, the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) has been an unsolved question of high-energy astrophysics. One approach for solving this puzzle is to correlate UHECRs with high-energy neutrinos, since neutrinos are a direct probe of hadronic interactions of cosmic rays and are not deflected by magnetic fields. In this paper, we present three different approaches for correlating the arrival directions of neutrinos with the arrival directions of UHECRs. The neutrino data are provided by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and ANTARES, while the UHECR data with energies above ∼50 EeV are provided by the Pierre Auger Observatory and …

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Green Approach For Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis: Application In Antimicrobial And Anticancer- An Updated Review, Norul Aini Zakariya, Wan Hafizah W. Jusof, Shahnaz Majeed Aug 2022

Green Approach For Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis: Application In Antimicrobial And Anticancer- An Updated Review, Norul Aini Zakariya, Wan Hafizah W. Jusof, Shahnaz Majeed

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Cancer and microbial infections create numerous challenges nowadays. Chemotherapy agents cause severe side effects, while microbial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial strains hard to treat with available antibiotics. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the green synthesis of Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with their physicochemical properties and mechanism of action . The IONPs causes cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity by causing oxidative distress through the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The IONPs as an anticancer and antimicrobial agent may help to overcome the limitation of conventional treatments but needs toxicity evaluation before usage in clinical applications.

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A High Yield Method For Protoplast Isolation And Ease Detection Of Rol B And C Genes In The Hairy Roots Of Cauliflower (Brassica Oleracea L.) Inoculated With Agrobacterium Rhizogenes, Qutaiba Shuaib Al-Nema, Ghazwan Qasim Hasan, Omar Abdulazeez Alhamd Aug 2022

A High Yield Method For Protoplast Isolation And Ease Detection Of Rol B And C Genes In The Hairy Roots Of Cauliflower (Brassica Oleracea L.) Inoculated With Agrobacterium Rhizogenes, Qutaiba Shuaib Al-Nema, Ghazwan Qasim Hasan, Omar Abdulazeez Alhamd

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Protoplasts represent a unique experimental system for the circulation and formation of genetically modified plants. Here, protoplasts were isolated from genetically modified hairy root tissues of Brassica oleracea L. induced by the Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain (ATCC13332). The concentration of enzyme solutions utilized for protoplast isolation was 1.5 % Cellulase YC and 0.1 % Pectolyase Y23 in 13% mannitol solution, which resulted in high efficiency of isolation within 8 hours, in which the protoplast yield was 2 × 104 cells ml-1 and the percentage of viability was 72%. Each protoplast has one nucleus with a nucleation of 48%. A polymerase chain …

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Relationships Of Magnetic Properties And Heavy Metals Content Of Guano In Bat Cave, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Muhammad Arsyad, Vistarani Arini Tiwow, Meytij Jeanne Rampe, Henny Lieke Rampe Aug 2022

Relationships Of Magnetic Properties And Heavy Metals Content Of Guano In Bat Cave, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, Muhammad Arsyad, Vistarani Arini Tiwow, Meytij Jeanne Rampe, Henny Lieke Rampe

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Bat Cave is one of the caves with guano deposits in the Rammang-Rammang karst area, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The guano deposits can indicate environmental changes in the cave. This study aims to analyze the magnetic properties and correlation between magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal content in guano. Sampling was carried out in Bat Cave, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and magnetic susceptibility, XRD (mineralogy analysis), and XRF (heavy metal content analysis) were measured. The results showed that the guano sample contained superparamagnetic grains and stable single domain (SP-SSD) measuring -8m3/kg. The location of caves in karst areas and climate change …

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Tapioca Starch In The Sol-Gel Synthesis Of Cobalt Ferrites With Divalent Cation Substitutions, Anuchit Hunyek, Chitnarong Sirisathitkul, Krit Koyvanich Aug 2022

Tapioca Starch In The Sol-Gel Synthesis Of Cobalt Ferrites With Divalent Cation Substitutions, Anuchit Hunyek, Chitnarong Sirisathitkul, Krit Koyvanich

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

An aqueous solution of tapioca starch was successfully used as a chelating agent in the sol-gel synthesis of Co0.7Me0.3Fe2O4, where Me denotes Co, Mn, Cu, Ni, or Zn. The hysteresis loops of all sintered ferrites revealed ferrimagnetic properties. The saturation magnetization was reduced in Co0.7Cu0.3Fe2O4 and Co0.7Ni0.3Fe2O4 because of the ion substitutions with smaller magnetic moments. Interestingly, Co0.7Cu0.3Fe2O4 exhibited the highest saturation magnetization and the lowest coercive field. This result demonstrates the value addition of local agricultural products in controlling nanoparticle formation during sol-gel synthesis.

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Investigating The Nuclear Properties Of 162-172 Er Isotopes Using Ibm-1, Sef, And Nee, Amal M. Al-Nuaimi, R.B. Alkhayat, Mushtaq Abed Al-Jubbori Aug 2022

Investigating The Nuclear Properties Of 162-172 Er Isotopes Using Ibm-1, Sef, And Nee, Amal M. Al-Nuaimi, R.B. Alkhayat, Mushtaq Abed Al-Jubbori

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The energy levels of the ground state band (GSB), , and γ-bands for 162-172Er isotopes are calculated in this work by adopting the Interacting Boson Model (IBM-1), the Semi-Empirical Formula (SEF) and the New Empirical Equation (NEE). The GSB, , and γ-bands results revealed that IBM-1, SEF, NEE, and the available experimental data are all in agreement with certain variations. The NEE is more compatible with the experimental data than the IBM-1 and SEF calculations. This study demonstrates that the SEF and NEE equations are able to describe the energy spectra of Er isotopes in comparison to IBM-1. The Er …

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Antimicrobial And Cytotoxic Properties Of Extracts From Over-Seasoned Worm-Casts Of The Earthworm Hyperiodrilus Africanus Beddard, 1891, Stephen Olugbemiga Owa, David Adeiza Otohinoyi, Theresa Ibibia Edewor-Ikupoyi, Adeolu Adeola Taiwo, Jenifer Akhere Okosun, Yvonne Oluchi Akujobi, Damilola Grace Oyewale, Tomilola Debby Olaolu, Damilare Emmanuel Rotimi, Osarenkhoe Omorefosa Osemwegie, Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi Aug 2022

Antimicrobial And Cytotoxic Properties Of Extracts From Over-Seasoned Worm-Casts Of The Earthworm Hyperiodrilus Africanus Beddard, 1891, Stephen Olugbemiga Owa, David Adeiza Otohinoyi, Theresa Ibibia Edewor-Ikupoyi, Adeolu Adeola Taiwo, Jenifer Akhere Okosun, Yvonne Oluchi Akujobi, Damilola Grace Oyewale, Tomilola Debby Olaolu, Damilare Emmanuel Rotimi, Osarenkhoe Omorefosa Osemwegie, Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

⦁ Background: Despite the continuous interest in the search for therapeutic agents, little attention has been given to the medicinal relevance of earthworm casts, with even less interest in over-seasoned worm-casts. Therefore, this study determined the phytochemical, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties of over-seasoned worm-casts of the earthworm Hyperiodrilus africanus (Eudrilidae). Methods: The earthworm casts were extracted with n-hexane, ethanol, and water and the crude extracts were evaluated for the presence of chemical constituents and antimicrobial properties. Cytotoxicity was inferred from the antimitotic effects of the extracts on the radicles of germinating seeds of Sorghum bicolor. Results: The chemical constituent determinations …

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A Review On The Ethnobotanical, Phytochemistry, And Pharmacological Activities Of Aristolochia Longa L., Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo, Matthew Iyobhebhe, Bukola Atunwa, Adebola Busola Ojo Aug 2022

A Review On The Ethnobotanical, Phytochemistry, And Pharmacological Activities Of Aristolochia Longa L., Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo, Matthew Iyobhebhe, Bukola Atunwa, Adebola Busola Ojo

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Aristolochia longa L. is a plant native to Algeria and Morocco that has been used by the locals to combat different arrays of infections and diseases found among them. This particular plant is well-known for its therapeutic qualities that could be traced back to the presence of many effective phytochemicals that have been extrapolated from the different parts of the plant, like the leaves and roots: flavonoids, saponins, tannins, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, β-carotenes, limonenes, and palmitic acids. This plant has been identified in different research articles to be able to manage diseases effectively because it possesses some pharmacological attributes such as; …

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Applicability Limits Of The End Face Fiber-Optic Gas Concentration Sensor, Based On Fabry-Perot Interferometer, S.M.R.H. Hussein, A.Zh. Sakhabutdinov, O.G. Morozov, V.I. Anfinogentov, J.A. Tunakova, A.R. Shagidullin, A.A. Kuznetsov, K.A. Lipatnikov, A.R. Nasybullin Aug 2022

Applicability Limits Of The End Face Fiber-Optic Gas Concentration Sensor, Based On Fabry-Perot Interferometer, S.M.R.H. Hussein, A.Zh. Sakhabutdinov, O.G. Morozov, V.I. Anfinogentov, J.A. Tunakova, A.R. Shagidullin, A.A. Kuznetsov, K.A. Lipatnikov, A.R. Nasybullin

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The mathematical model of the fiber-optic sensor for gas concentration analysis is under study. The sensor is imple-mented as Fabry-Perot interferometer at the end face of the optical fiber by applying a thin polymer film, which permit-tivity depends on the tested gas concentration. It is shown, that a change in the properties of the optical fiber or the at-mosphere permittivity leads mainly to the spectrum contrast changing and does not change the period and the wave-length shift of its comb. The influence of the polymer film thickness, the environment temperature and humidity on the Fabry-Perot spectrum is analyzed. The necessity …

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Molecular Docking Reveals Phytoconstituents Of The Methanol Extract From Muntingia Calabura As Promising Α-Glucosidase Inhibitors, Nurlena Andalia, Muhammad N. Salim, Nurdin Saidi, Muhammad Ridhwan, Muhammad Iqhrammullah, Ummu Balqis Aug 2022

Molecular Docking Reveals Phytoconstituents Of The Methanol Extract From Muntingia Calabura As Promising Α-Glucosidase Inhibitors, Nurlena Andalia, Muhammad N. Salim, Nurdin Saidi, Muhammad Ridhwan, Muhammad Iqhrammullah, Ummu Balqis

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Inhibition of α-glucosidase has been used as a management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, where studies are focused on finding more efficacious and safe drugs. Herein, the research aimed to unveil the potential of phytoconstituents contained in methanol extract of Muntingia calabura leaves in inhibiting α-glucosidase through molecular docking simulation. From a systematic search (Scopus), we found 5 eligible articles and identified 28 phytocompounds. Fisetin, pinostrobin, and rhamnetin identified in M. calabura extract were predicted to have good bioavailability. Finally, fisetin was revealed as the most potential α-glucosidase inhibitor candidate with a binding affinity of -7.5 kcal/mol.

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Performance Simulation For Adaptive Optics Technique Using Oomao Toolbox, Mahmood Kareem Mirdan, Raaid Nawfee Hassan, Bushra Qassim Al-Aboodi Aug 2022

Performance Simulation For Adaptive Optics Technique Using Oomao Toolbox, Mahmood Kareem Mirdan, Raaid Nawfee Hassan, Bushra Qassim Al-Aboodi

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The Adaptive Optics technique has been developed to obtain the correction of atmospheric seeing. The purpose of this study is to use the MATLAB program to investigate the performance of an AO system with the most recent AO simulation tools, Objected-Oriented Matlab Adaptive Optics (OOMAO). This was achieved by studying the variables that impact image quality correction, such as observation wavelength bands, atmospheric parameters, telescope parameters, deformable mirror parameters, wavefront sensor parameters, and noise parameters. The results presented a detailed analysis of the factors that influence the image correction process as well as the impact of the AO components on …

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Gravitational Potential And Galaxy Rotation Curves In Multi-Fractional Spacetimes, Gianluca Calcagni, Gabriele U. Varieschi Aug 2022

Gravitational Potential And Galaxy Rotation Curves In Multi-Fractional Spacetimes, Gianluca Calcagni, Gabriele U. Varieschi

Physics Faculty Works

Multi-fractional theories with integer-order derivatives are models of gravitational and matter fields living in spacetimes with variable Hausdorff and spectral dimension, originally proposed as descriptions of geometries arising in quantum gravity. We derive the Poisson equation and the Newtonian potential of these theories starting from their covariant modified Einstein’s equations. In particular, in the case of the theory Tv with weighted derivatives with small fractional corrections, we find a gravitational potential that grows logarithmically at large radii when the fractional exponent takes the special value α = 4/3. This behaviour is associated with a restoration law for the Hausdorff …

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Efficient Perpendicular Magnetization Switching By A Magnetic Spin Hall Effect In A Noncollinear Antiferromagnet, Shuai Hu, Ding-Fu Shao, Huanglin Yang, Chang Pan, Zhenxiao Fu, Meng Tang, Yumeng Yang, Weijia Fan, Shiming Zhou, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Xuepeng Qiu Aug 2022

Efficient Perpendicular Magnetization Switching By A Magnetic Spin Hall Effect In A Noncollinear Antiferromagnet, Shuai Hu, Ding-Fu Shao, Huanglin Yang, Chang Pan, Zhenxiao Fu, Meng Tang, Yumeng Yang, Weijia Fan, Shiming Zhou, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Xuepeng Qiu

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Current induced spin-orbit torques driven by the conventional spin Hall effect are widely used to manipulate the magnetization. This approach, however, is nondeterministic and inefficient for the switching of magnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy that are demanded by the high-density magnetic storage and memory devices. Here, we demonstrate that this limitation can be overcome by exploiting a magnetic spin Hall effect in noncollinear antiferromagnets, such as Mn3Sn. The magnetic group symmetry of Mn3Sn allows generation of the out-of-plane spin current carrying spin polarization collinear to its direction induced by an in-plane charge current. This spin current drives an …

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Development Of Deep Shear Wave Velocity Profiles And An Approach To Generate Site Signature Consistent Pseudo Shear Wave Velocity Profiles In The Mississippi Embayment, Ashraf Kamal Himel Aug 2022

Development Of Deep Shear Wave Velocity Profiles And An Approach To Generate Site Signature Consistent Pseudo Shear Wave Velocity Profiles In The Mississippi Embayment, Ashraf Kamal Himel

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation details the development of a surface wave method (SWM) technique to generate deep shear wave velocity profiles (VS profiles), applying this technique at 24 sites across the Mississippi embayment and developing an approach to generate pseudo site signature consistent VS profiles from velocity functions and fundamental frequency. In the presented SWM technique, active and passive source surface wave measurements are inverted along with fundamental frequency to develop a site signature consistent VS profile. Multiple transformation methods, including MSPAC, HRFK and FK are used to resolve experimental dispersion data from surface wave measurements. SWM VS profile at the Central …

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Developing A Software Defined Radio Based Faraday Receiver, Alvaro J. Guerra Aug 2022

Developing A Software Defined Radio Based Faraday Receiver, Alvaro J. Guerra

All Theses

The ionosphere can be approximated as a magnetized plasma. This results in wave- particle interactions driving a large quantity of ionospheric phenomena. To understand these phenomena, it is important to quantify and measure certain key plasma parameters. One such parameter is electron density. The Faraday Experiment was developed for the purpose of measuring electron density in the D-region of the ionosphere. This experiment was made popular by Martin Friedrich in the 1970s and is currently one of the only ways to provide high resolution measurements of electron density in the D-region without actively disturbing the surrounding plasma. This thesis aims …

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Studying The Synthesis Of 196Hg At Astrophysically Relevant Energies Through The Measurement Of Capture Reaction Cross-Sections Of (P, Γ) (P, N) And (P, Α) Reactions, Khushi Bhatt Aug 2022

Studying The Synthesis Of 196Hg At Astrophysically Relevant Energies Through The Measurement Of Capture Reaction Cross-Sections Of (P, Γ) (P, N) And (P, Α) Reactions, Khushi Bhatt

Dissertations

Understanding the origin of all the chemical elements is an important question for the nuclear-astrophysics community. There are many unanswered questions like: What astrophysical events are responsible for the synthesis of what particular chemical elements? How many different elements were made in total? What is the abundance of each synthesized element? etc. Currently, scientists are largely depending upon theory and simulations to define nuclear and astrophysical reaction. This makes it critical to have accurate experimental nuclear physics data to input in astrophysical theoretical models. However, out of more than 20000 reactions involved in these calculations, only a very few are …

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Charge Transfer And Built-In Fields At A Semiconductor-Crystalline Oxide Interface: Effects Of The Interface Dipole And Surface Termination, Matthew Dennis Chrysler Aug 2022

Charge Transfer And Built-In Fields At A Semiconductor-Crystalline Oxide Interface: Effects Of The Interface Dipole And Surface Termination, Matthew Dennis Chrysler

Physics Dissertations - Archive

Charge transfer and built-in fields across semiconductor heterojunctions underpin the functionality of virtually all device technologies. In this regard, interfaces between insulating oxides and semiconductors have been extensively studied due to the success of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technology. Perovskite oxides were originally proposed as potential replacements as a gate dielectric for MOS field-effect transistors because device scaling effects make SiO2 gate leakage too high. However, perovskite oxides containing transition metals display many other properties not found in semiconductors such as ferroelectricity, high-T superconductivity and metal-insulator transitions. Recent advancements in growth technology allow for the creation of structurally coherent interfaces between crystalline …

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Cardiac Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (Spect) Simulation Using The Xcat Phantom And The Simind Package, Akolade Adebayo Aug 2022

Cardiac Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (Spect) Simulation Using The Xcat Phantom And The Simind Package, Akolade Adebayo

Physics Theses - Archive

Clinical data indicates a prevalence of transmural perfusion defects in the apical, mid, and basal segment of the left ventricle (LV) wall in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD). To administer therapeutic regimes on myocardial function, detection of lesions in various region of the LV wall is essential. Cardiac single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is one of the most prevalent diagnostic tools to detect perfusion defects. Computer simulation using digital phantoms based on real patient data obtained from National Library of Medicine (NLM) offers a cost-effective approach to generate realistic imaging data to test novel imaging hardware and software …

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Search For A Dark Leptophilic Scalar Produced In Association With Taupair In Electron-Positron Annihilation At Center-Of-Mass Energies Near 10.58 Gev., Diptaparna Biswas Aug 2022

Search For A Dark Leptophilic Scalar Produced In Association With Taupair In Electron-Positron Annihilation At Center-Of-Mass Energies Near 10.58 Gev., Diptaparna Biswas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Dark matter is believed to be a form of matter which seemingly accounts for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe and about 27% of its total mass–energy density. It doesn't participate in electromagnetic interaction, i.e. doesn't interact with light. Consequently, we cannot see it using optical or radio telescope and hence the name dark matter. However, it participates in gravitational interaction, and we hypothesize its existence based on a variety of astrophysical observations, including gravitational effects, that cannot be explained by the accepted theories of gravity unless we account for more matter than can be perceived through electromagnetic …

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Optical And Computational Methods For Detection And Quantification Of Protein-Protein Interactions Using Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy, David James Schodt Aug 2022

Optical And Computational Methods For Detection And Quantification Of Protein-Protein Interactions Using Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy, David James Schodt

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Interactions between proteins residing on or near the membranes of biological cells trigger many of the signaling cascades that facilitate the transmission of information between the exterior and the interior of the cell. Normal function of these protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is required for the healthy functioning of complex single- and multi-cellular organisms. Abnormalities involving these interactions are implicated in several diseases, such as the progression and treatment resistance of many forms of cancer. Understanding both the normal and abnormal behaviors of these interactions is necessary to improve our understanding of such diseases, which in turn can drive drug development for …

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Towards A Low-Cost Solution For Gait Analysis Using Millimeter Wave Sensor And Machine Learning, Mubarak A. Alanazi, Abdullah K. Alhazmi, Osama Alsattam, Kara Gnau, Meghan Brown, Shannon Thiel, Kurt Jackson, Vamsy P. Chodavarapu Aug 2022

Towards A Low-Cost Solution For Gait Analysis Using Millimeter Wave Sensor And Machine Learning, Mubarak A. Alanazi, Abdullah K. Alhazmi, Osama Alsattam, Kara Gnau, Meghan Brown, Shannon Thiel, Kurt Jackson, Vamsy P. Chodavarapu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) that includes gait analysis may be useful for various rehabilitation and telemonitoring applications. Current gait analysis methods, such as wearables or cameras, have privacy and operational constraints, especially when used with older adults. Millimeter-Wave (MMW) radar is a promising solution for gait applications because of its low-cost, better privacy, and resilience to ambient light and climate conditions. This paper presents a novel human gait analysis method that combines the micro-Doppler spectrogram and skeletal pose estimation using MMW radar for HAR. In our approach, we used the Texas Instruments IWR6843ISK-ODS MMW radar to obtain the micro-Doppler spectrogram …

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Glaciernet2: A Hybrid Multi-Model Learning Architecture For Alpine Glacier Mapping, Zhiyuan Xie, Umesh K. Haritashya, Vijayan K. Asari, Michael P. Bishop, Jeffrey S. Kargel, Theus Aspiras Aug 2022

Glaciernet2: A Hybrid Multi-Model Learning Architecture For Alpine Glacier Mapping, Zhiyuan Xie, Umesh K. Haritashya, Vijayan K. Asari, Michael P. Bishop, Jeffrey S. Kargel, Theus Aspiras

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent decades, climate change has significantly affected glacier dynamics, resulting in mass loss and an increased risk of glacier-related hazards including supraglacial and proglacial lake development, as well as catastrophic outburst flooding. Rapidly changing conditions dictate the need for continuous and detailed ob-servations and analysis of climate-glacier dynamics. Thematic and quantitative information regarding glacier geometry is fundamental for understanding climate forcing and the sensitivity of glaciers to climate change, however, accurately mapping debris-cover glaciers (DCGs) is notoriously difficult based upon the use of spectral information and conventional machine-learning techniques. The objective of this research is to improve upon an …

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Calculational Methods In Conformal Field Theory, Thomas Andrew Vandermeulen Aug 2022

Calculational Methods In Conformal Field Theory, Thomas Andrew Vandermeulen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

We examine conformal field theories and their gaugings (orbifolds), first on the torus and then on surfaces of higher genus. Specific attention is paid to performing explicit calculations, to which end we introduce a number of specialized formalisms. Namely, the technology of flavored partition functions allows for a general treatment of orbifolds in theories with conserved currents, and Arakelov geometry facilitates the derivation of novel expressions for geometric quantities appearing commonly on higher genus worldsheets. Ultimately, we leverage the resulting expressions in the calculation of correlation functions via degeneration of Riemann surfaces.

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