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The Lipooligosaccharides Of Haemophilus Ducreyi Are Highly Sialylated, William Melaugh, A A. Campagnari, B W. Gibson

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The major lipooligosaccharides of the sexually transmitted pathogen Haemophilus ducreyi 35000 have been previously found to terminate in N-acetyllactosamine and sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine, Neu5Ac alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc (W. Melaugh, N. J. Phillips, A. A. Campagnari, M. V. Tullius, and B. W. Gibson, Biochemistry 33: 13070-13078, 1994). In this study, mass spectrometry and composition analyses have shown that the lipooligosaccharides from three other H. ducreyi strains also contain N-acetyllactosamine and are highly sialylated (approximately 30 to 50%), although one African strain was found to contain neither of these structural features.

Symposia

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Abstracts from the Symposia given at the Annual Meeting for the Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science.

Sources Of Epidemiological Equivocacy, Timothy Sly

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Mr. Sly discusses five sources of uncertainty and ambiguity in health and medical research that can interfere with decision making.

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 4-2, Winter 1996

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Involvement in Mexico New Diagnostic Tools Hook Lake Wood Bison Recovery Project Progress Report - July 1996 Conjunctivitis in cormorants - Prince Edward IslandTularemia in snowshoe hares - Nova Scotia Seasonal mortality of terns continues in Kouchibouguac National Park, New Brunswick Belugas from the St. Lawrence Estuary Secondary Tyzzar's Disease in a Racoon infected with Canine Distemper Diazinon poisoning in Geese Newcastle disease in cormorants Herpesvirus in owls Predator Attacks Botulism - 1996 Winter Mortality In Peace River Region Ungulates Diazinon poisoning of American wigeon

The Probe, Issue # 158 - September 1995

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Wildlife relocation impacts both animals and humans
Massachusetts Court Okays Some Use of "Soft-Hold" Traps
Cousin of Lyme Disease?
Coyotes Continue as Overwhelming Predators Responsible for U.S. Sheep & Lamb Losses
Video Review: "Bat-Free Belfries: A Guide to Bat-Proofing." Produced by Pennsylvania State University, College of Agricultural Services. Content developed by Lisa M. Willias-Whitmer and Margaret C. Brittingham
FMC Corp. Predator Control Brochure
New Rabies Vaccine
Evaluation of the Super YardGard Electronic Device for Repelling Whitetailed Deer
Wolf Damage Control Program Sued

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 3-2, Spring/Summer 1995

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Budget Cuts and the Wildlife Health Centre Avian Botulism Workshop Some Common Diseases of Fresh-Water Fish Mortality of common terns in Kouchibouguac National Park Salt poisoning in White-Winged Crossbills Prevalence of Raccoon Roundworm (Baylisascaris procyonis) in Québec Massive Amphibian and Fish mortality in Mauricie after a Sulphuric Acid spill Intentional Poisoning of Snow Buntings by Carbofuran Conjunctivitis in house finches Collisions of migrating birds with office towersRaccoons Pesticide poisonings in eagles Tularemia in muskrats and beaver Lead poisoning in eagles

Management Of Hospital Wastes In The United Arab Emirates, Hanan Ahmed Ali Shuwaiter

Theses

The gradual expansion and development of new public and private medical complexes have resulted in the production of various types of wastes which include hazardous materials. Such wastes require appropriate handling and management schemes based on safer disposal methods. There are no reliable figures for quantifying the amount of medical waste generated or appropriate legislation and guidelines for handling, storage, transport and disposal of medical waste in the United Arab Emirates. No previous detailed studies have been conducted for the management of medical waste in the UAE. In general there is insufficient awareness of the health hazard associated with improper …

The Molecular Process By Which Streptococcus Pneumoniae Activates The Immune System During Pneumococcal Infection, Brandon Abeyta

Whittier Scholars Program

This project includes a review of literature detailing the human body's defense mechanisms against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research includes the use of a rabbit-model of the human immune system searching for a vaccine by experimenting with different portions of pneumococcal cell wall. Comprehend infection with the conclusions the cell walls are a powerful inducer of inflammatory response. Studied at Rockefeller University and learned under Dr. Elaine Tuomanen at Laboratory of Molecular Infectious Diseases.

Disease And Coyotes In Texas, Danny B. Pence

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

The coyote (Canis latrans) population in southern Texas has a recurring group of 3 common helminths and several peripheral species of lesser importance. Although recurrent group analyses have not been applied to other macro- or microparasite communities, there are certain infectious agents with high prevalences that could form recurrent groups, and that are potentially important in tams of impacting host population (i.e. coyote) abundance. While the current rabies epizootic involving coyotes in southern Texas is of public health concern, it probably will not have a major impact on the coyote population. Most likely, the net effect of canine …

Seroprevalence Of Toxoplasmosis Amongst Healthy Adults In The Al Ain Area, Hamad Noor Mohamed Ahmad

Theses

There being no published data on the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in the UAE, a base -line study was carried out on a randomly selected population of healthy adults drawn from subjects presenting themselves for a health certificate at the Department of Preventive Medicine, Al Ain, or presenting for blood donation at the two main hospitals in Al Ain, the Tawam Hospital and Al Ain Hospital. Commercially available VIDAS IgG and IgM kits were used to test for seropositivity. A validated questionnaire was used to record personal data and blood was drawn from each donor after informed consent. All raw data …

A Survey Of Source And Finished Water Supplies For Giardia Cysts And Cryptosporidium Oocysts, Lisa Martin Sexton

KWRRI Research Reports

The occurrence of Giardia lamblia cysts and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts was determined from source and treated drinking water supplies at selected water treatment facilities in Eastern Kentucky. Giardia and Cryptosporidium are two human protozoan parasites often found in water supplies due to fecal contamination. Characteristic cysts and oocysts were identified from large volume water samples, typically 100 gallons for raw samples and 1,000 gallons for finished water, using an indirect fluorescent antibody specific for Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Source water from four different water treatment facilities utilizing a reservoir, river, and two creeks were assayed. All sites exhibited Giardia lamblia …

Generalized Probabilistic Reasoning And Empirical Studies On Computational Efficiency And Scalability, Eric P. Baenen

Theses and Dissertations

Expert Systems are tools that can be very useful for diagnostic purposes, however current methods of storing and reasoning with knowledge have significant limitations. One set of limitations involves how to store and manipulate uncertain knowledge: much of the knowledge we are dealing with has some degree of uncertainty. These limitations include lack of complete information, not being able to model cyclic information and limitations on the size and complexity of the problems to be solved. If expert systems are ever going to be able to tackle significant real world problems then these deficiencies must be corrected. This paper describes …

Wildlife Diseases And Humans, Robert G. Mclean

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

General Precautions

Directly transmitted diseases: rabies, hantavirus, trichinosis, mosquito-borne encephalitis

Tick-borne diseases: Colorado tick tever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever (tick-borne typhus), Lyme disease, tularemia, relapsing fever

Personal protection

Flea-borne diseases: plague, murine, typhus, fever commensal rodent-borne diseases, rat-bite fever, leptospirosis (Weil’s disease), salmonellosis, rickettsialpox

Bird-borne diseases: histoplasmosis, ornithosis, salmonellosis

The Probe, Issue # 148 -- October 1994

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Hantavirus: prevention is the best defense, by Suzanne Graham for Pacific Northwest Station (Reprinted from Forestry Research West, Sept. '94 issue, USDA Forest Service
A Call for Praxis
Evaluate the Technique's Financial Practicality
Mixed Results Using Propane Exploders to Repel Deer
Revised Damage Handbook Available
Trapping Weasels, by James E. Forbes, President, NADCA
Internships Available with the Wildlife Management Department of NRA
The NADCA Employment Committee has been created and is open for business. Committee members are James E. Forbes, Chairman, and Chris Engel.

Prairie Dogs, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Dallas R. Virchow

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

Prairie dogs are stocky burrowing rodents that live in colonies called “towns.” French explorers called them “little dogs” because of the barking noise they make. Their legs are short and muscular, adapted for digging. The tail and other extremities are short. Their hair is rather coarse with little underfur, and is sandy brown to cinnamon in color with grizzled black and buff-colored tips. The belly is light cream to white.
Five species of prairie dogs are found in North America: the black-tailed (Cynomys ludovicianus), Mexican (C. mexicanus), white-tailed (C. leucurus), Gunnison’s (C. gunnisoni), and Utah prairie dog (C. parvidens). The …

Managing Alfalfa Diseases, Paul C. Vincelli

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Diseases of alfalfa can limit productivity of this valuable forage crop. Alfalfa diseases can reduce forage yield, reduce forage quality, and decrease stand persistence. The effects of diseases can be dramatic, such as sudden stand loss due to Sclerotinia crown and stem rot. Often, the effects of alfalfa diseases are more subtle but are no less important. For example, alfalfa plants with Phytophthora root rot sometimes regrow slowly after cutting, resulting in a stunted stand showing no other obvious symptoms of disease.

Like most crop diseases, alfalfa diseases are most effectively managed by integrating as many control measures as practical. …

Hanta Viruses And Their Rodent Reservoirs In The United States, James E. Childs, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Pierre E. Rollesf, John W. Krebs, Sherif Zaki, Stuart T. Nichol, C.J. Peters, Gregory E. Glass

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Since 1993, three novel hantaviruses have been identified from the United States of which at least two can cause a severe respiratory disease termed hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Rodent reservoirs have been identified for two viruses; Peromyscus maniculatus is the primary host of Muerto Canyon Virus (MCV) in the western United States and genetic analyses have implicated Sigmodon hispidus as the probable host of a hantavirus in Florida. Of 813 P. maniculatus tested in the southwestern United States 30.4% were infected; 12 of 90 (13.3 %) S. hispidus from Florida were infected. The S. hispidus-associated virus has not been isolated …

The Role Of Predators In The Ecology, Epidemiology, And Surveillance Of Plague In The United States, Kenneth L. Gage, John A. Montenieri, Rex E. Thomas

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Predators play important roles in the ecology, epidemiology, and surveillance of plague in the United States. Most predators are accidental hosts of plague and, with the possible exception of grasshopper mice (Onychomys spp.), are not important sources of infection for feeding fleas. However, predators undoubtedly do play an important role in the natural cycle of plague by transporting infected fleas between different populations of plague-susceptible rodents. Predators are known to be at least accidental hosts for 40 of the 50 flea species that have been found to be naturally infected with plague in the U.S. Carnivores, including domestic cats, …

Quality Wool Production At Lower Cost, Peter Metcalfe

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Low wool prices are forcing farmers to reduce their sheep management costs but, fortunately, cost cutting is not resulting in lower wool production, poorer wool quality or lessened sheep care on the best wool growing properties.

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre, Volume 3-1, Winter 1994/1995

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Ecology of Waterfowl Botulism
Responses to the Questionnaire to Readers
Mycoplasma gallisepticum in House Finches in the Eastern United States
Unusual observations of harp and hooded seals
Morbillivirus infection (canine distemper) in a bobcat
Cerebral nematodiasis in a bobcat
Stranding of two bottlenose whales in the St. Lawrence estuary
Prevalence of parasitic cataracts in St. Lawrence River fish
Rupture of a dissecting aneurysm of the pulmonary trunk in a beluga whale from the St. Lawrence Estuary
Tularemia in beavers
Ring-billed gulls - False Duck Island
Lead poisoning in loons
Salmonella and Campylobacter in gulls
Other observations
Mortality patterns in orphaned …

Molecular Modeling Studies Of Hemoglobin Crosslinking Reactions, Patricia A. Pavlik

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Contraception In Domestic And Wild Animal Populations Using Zona Pellucida Lmmunogens, Bonnie S. Dunbar

Contraception in Wildlife Management

The human population presently exceeds 6 billion and is continuing to expand at a startling rate. This population increase has resulted in the depletion of Earth's resources, which are essential for human survival. An unfortunate consequence of this expansion has been the destruction of wildlife habitats. As these habitats have diminished, numerous problems have arisen, including conflicts between wildlife and human populations. The threat of extinction of many plant and animal species has already become a reality; other wildlife populations have increased due to reductions in predator populations. While the increase in the human population must ultimately be checked, there …

Considerations For Lmmunocontraception Among Free-Ranging Carnivores: The Rabies Paradigm, Cathleen A. Hanlon, Charles E. Rupprecht

Contraception in Wildlife Management

The raging North American controversy over the reintroduction of wolves into the ecosystem of the greater Yellowstone National Park area exemplifies the emotive relationship between humankind and the Carnivora. What forces act in concert to portray this much maligned Order in unfavorable light? Control of free-ranging carnivore populations by Homo sapiens has been practiced for centuries as part of a pastoral lifestyle, with the intent of protecting one's own life and livelihood from becoming freshly killed prey in the onslaught from mammalian competitors. Traditionally, control is equated most commonly with population reduction through direct elimination of individuals (e.g., typically social …

Delivery Of Lmmunocontraceptive Vaccines For Wildlife Management, Lowell A. Miller

Contraception in Wildlife Management

Immunocontraceptive technology appears to be a viable approach for population control of nuisance species of wildlife. The administration of immunocontraceptive vaccines is presently performed by syringe injection or by remote delivery via darts or biobullets. In order for immunocontraception to be successful in free-roaming animals, the vaccine must be delivered in an oral form. Recent advances in molecular biology, immunology, and pathology of mucosal infections give us tools to develop effective oral vaccines. Oral vaccines encapsulated in either biodegradable microspheres, synthetic adhesive liposomes, or nonvirulent live vectors hold promise as a practical approach for immunocontraception of free-roaming wildlife. Issues of …

A Survey Comparison Of Pest Control And Nuisance Wildlife Control Operators In Kentucky, Thomas G. Barnes

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

A variety of factors including increased urbanization, decreased funding for governmental animal damage programs, and increases in some urban wildlife populations have resulted in a greater demand for urban nuisance wildlife control. Historically, this demand was met by Cooperative Extension Service (San Julian 1987), state fish and wildlife agency, or federal wildlife damage control employees (Bollengier 1987). These agencies provided educational materials, consultations, and/or physically removed animals. Recently, there is an increased demand for physical animal removal evidenced by increasing numbers of private pest control operators (PCO), companies that do general pest or insect control work, specializing in the removal …

A Survey Comparison Of Pest Control And Nuisance Wildlife Control Operators In Kentucky, Thomas G. Barns

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 6th (1993)

A variety of factors including increased urbanization decreased funding for governmental animal damage programs, and increases in some urban wildlife populations have resulted in a greater demand for urban nuisance wildlife control. Historically, this demand was met by Cooperative Extension Service (San Julian 1987), state fish and wildlife agency, or federal wildlife damage control employees (Bollengier 1981) These agencies provided educational materials, consultations, an-or physically removed animals. Recently, there is an increased demand for physical animal removal evidenced by increasing numbers of private Pest control operators (PCO), companies that do general pest or insect control work, specializing in the removal …

The Impact Of A Primary Health Care Training Program On Morbidity In Kiyeyi, Rural Uganda, 1986-1991 : An Evaluation Of The Uganda-Finland Health Care Program, Marja-Leena Salin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study examines the effects of primary health care education efforts in reducing the disease case rates of acute respiratory infections, diarrhoea, malnutrition and measles in a rural Ugandan population between 1986 and 1991.

The intervention, a health education program offered by the Kiyeyi Health Center staff, consisted of a 12-week intensive training for community health workers and traditional birth attendants. Follow-up and supervision took place at regular intervals and continuing education was arranged every other year. Beginning in 1986, this training program was introduced in the first of seven clusters of villages, then expanded successively on an annual basis …

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 2-2, May 1993

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Work Underway at CCWHC Wildlife Pathologists at CCWHC An Outbreak of Duck Plague in New York State Snowy Owl Outbreak on the PrairiesCluster of bat rabies in red foxes in Prince Edward Island Adenoviral encephalitis in a red fox Carbofuran poisoning in herring gulls in Nova Scotia Protostrongylid infection in a Newfoundland moose Lead Poisoning in two Blue Jays Adrenal lesions in St. Lawrence Estuary beluga whale Cancer in a Red-Tailed Hawk and a Northern Goshawk Winter Mortality in Birds in Ontario Lead Poisoning in Waterfowl Sarcoptic Mange Crop necrosis and impaction in lesser Canada geese Black-tailed prairie dog mortality …

Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 1-2, Spring 1993

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Wildlife Disease Investigation Manual
Directory of Wildlife Health Expertise
Our Information Specialist
Newfoundland and Labrador
Nova Scotia/New Brunswick
PEI
Pathology and Toxicology of Beluga Whales from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada. Past, Present and Future.
Heartworm in Quebec Wildlife
Lyme borreliosis (Lyme Disease)
Salmonellosis in Pine Siskins in B.C.
Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) in White-tailed deer and Pronghorns
Canine Parvovirus (CPV) Enteritis in Two Coyotes
News from the National Wildlife Health Research Center, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Madison, Wisconsin. Contributed by T. Roffe.

Investigation Of The Structural Heterogeneity Of Lipooligosaccharides From Pathogenic Haemophilus And Neisseria Species And Of R-Type Lipopolysaccharides From Salmonella Typhimurium By Electrospray Mass Spectrometry, B W. Gibson, William Melaugh, Nancy J. Phillips, M A. Apicella, A A. Campagnari, J M. Griffiss

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Heterogeneity in the lipooligosaccharides (LOS) of pathogenic Haemophilus and Neisseria species is evident from the multiplicity of components observed with electrophoretic analyses. Knowledge of the precise structures that make up these diverse LOS molecules is clearly the key to reaching an understanding of pathogenic processes such as phase variation and molecular mimicry. Except for a few cases, little is known about the specific structural features of LOS that underlie phase variation and molecular mimicry, partly because of the inherent difficulties in the structural elucidation of these complex glycolipids. In the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, rough, or …