Digital Commons Network^™

Ecological And Physiological Factors Affecting Nesting Success Of Burrowing Owls In Buffalo Gap National Grassland, Randall L. Griebel

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The western burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia hypugea) has been declining throughout much of its range, and in some areas, quite dramatically. In the Great Plains region, these declines appear to be closely associated with declines in prairie dog numbers. Most research to date has taken place on relatively small, fragmented prairie dog colonies. The objectives of this study were to analyze burrowing owl reproductive performance (i.e., clutch size, brood size, and number fledged), and nestling body condition in relation to nest level and colony level factors in Buffalo Gap National Grassland, South Dakota. Buffalo Gap contains large prairie …

Comprehensive Management Of Commensal Bats, Stephen C. Frantz, Brian R. Laniewicz

Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings

This paper reviews the basic concepts behind a comprehensive management approach to managing commensal species, and then considers how this approach is applied to bats that live within and about the built environment. Management activities should take into consideration the whole environment in which the target species is active, including the periodic changes that occur within that environment. Comprehensive management includes a clear understanding of: the biology, behavior and ecology of the species to be managed; the environment in which that species is active (especially harborage location); and the appropriate intervention methods used to manage such species. Interventions fall under …

Radio-Telemetry And Geographical Information Systems To Assess Urban Deer Zoonoses, Karmen M. Hollis, Christopher L. Anchor, James E. Chelsvig, Dwayne R. Etter, J. P. Dubey, Richard E. Warner, Laura L. Hungerford

Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings

Urban white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations can influence the epidemiology of many zoonotic diseases because they affect the distribution and abundance of pathogens and vectors. The risk of emerging zoonotic pathogens increases with human populations, as people have closer contact with wildlife in urban environments. We used radio-telemetry to study deer behavior and population dynamics in Chicago, IL. We monitored home-range use and habitat patterns for 43 radio-collared deer from 2 study sites, 1995-1999. Deer serology was conducted to test for various zoonotic diseases, such as babesiosis, encephalitis, and toxoplasmosis for 12 study locations. To analyze potential disease exposures for …

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Acetaminophen, Cyclooxygenase 2, And Fever, Daniel L. Simmons, David Wagner, Kenneth Westover

Faculty Publications

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used antipyretic agents that most probably exert their antifever effect by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX)–2. Thus, COX-2–selective drugs or null mutation of the COX-2 gene reduce or prevent fever. Acetaminophen is antipyretic and analgesic, as are NSAIDs, but it lacks the anti-inflammatory and anticoagulatory properties of these drugs. This has led to the speculation that a COX variant exists that is inhibitable by acetaminophen. An acetaminophen-inhibitable enzyme is inducible in the mouse J774.2 monocyte cell line. Induction of acetaminophen-inhibitable prostaglandin E2 synthesis parallels induction of COX-2. Thus, inhibition of pharmacologically distinct COX-2 enzyme activity by …

Economic Analysis Of A Large Scale Oral Vaccination Program To Control Raccoon Rabies, Philip Kemere, Michael K. Liddel, Phylo Evangelou, Dennis Slate, Steven Osmek

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

Since the late 1980s, results of oral vaccination trials in several states have provided growing evidence that this vaccination method may be effective for controlling the spread of rabies in raccoons (Procyon lotor). This study examines the economic feasibility of using oral vaccination on a larger scale than previous trials. We analyze the benefits and costs associated with a hypothetical barrier that would stretch from Lake Erie to the Gulf of Mexico, combining natural geographic features provided by the Appalachian Mountains with oral vaccination zones. The goal of this barrier would be to prevent the raccoon rabies variant …

The Economic Impact Of Invasive Species To Wildlife Services’ Cooperators, David L. Bergman, Monte D. Chandler, Adrienne Locklear

Human Conflicts with Wildlife: 2002 Symposium

On February 3, 1999, the president of the United States signed an Executive Order 13112 on invasive species. Each federal agency was directed to detect and respond rapidly to control populations of invasive species, monitor invasive species populations, provide for restoration of native species and habitat conditions, conduct research on invasive species and develop technologies to prevent their introduction, and promote public education on invasive species and the means to address them. The United States Department of Agriculture’s Wildlife Services Program fulfills a federal responsibility for helping solve problems which occur when human activity and wildlife, including invasive species, are …

Investigations On The Use Of Ion Mobility Spectrometry For Clinical Chemistry Applications, Henri Parson Patten

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

The major objective of this research is to examine ion mobility spectrometry as a rapid screening tool for specific application to clinical chemistry research and laboratory use. Methodology was developed for target analytes representing several classes of physiologically active substances, including anesthetics, illicit drugs, and their metabolites. The IMS characteristics of animal tissues and other compounds such as amino acids and proteins were determined. Quality assurance and control procedures were developed for specific quality data objectives. Criteria were established relating to use of IMS for assessing the precision and accuracy of data, qualitative screening, and semi-quantitative analyses.

It was found …

Conservation Conundrum, Robert L. Brownell Jr., Barbara E. Curry, Peter Daszak, Andrew A. Cunningham, Alex D. Hyatt

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

P. Daszak, A. A. Cunningham, and A. D. Hyatt present a convincing argument in their Review "Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife-threats to biodiversity and human health" (Science's Compass, 21 Jan., p. 443) that emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) pose a risk to wildlife, and they suggest that EIDs most often result from a change in the ecology of the pathogen or the host (or both). A situation they did not mention is that in some cases, the protection of threatened species can increase the risk of an EID outbreak by allowing a close association between wildlife and domestic animals where one …

Phage Therapy : An Alternative To Antibiotics, Maria A. Appeaning

Electronic Dissertations and Theses

Bacteria resistant to most or all available antibiotics are causing increasingly serious problems and raising widespread fears of returning to a pre-antibiotic era of untreatable infections and epidemics. Despite intensive work by drug companies, no new classes of antibiotics have been found in the last 30 years . There are hopes that the newfound ability to sequence entire microbial genomes and to determine the molecular bases of pathogenicity will open new avenues for treating infectious disease, but other approaches are also being sought with increasing fervor. One result is a renewed interest in the possibilities of bacteriophage (phage) therapy - …

Program Abstracts, 112th Session, Iowa Academy Of Science, April 21-22, 2000, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Presentation abstracts from the annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science

Taking Animal Welfare Seriously: Minimizing Pain And Distress In Research Animals, The Humane Society Of The United States

ANIMAL RESEARCH

Pain and distress caused by specific research models and techniques raise serious concerns for those in the animal welfare community as well as in the scientific community. Yet good estimates of how much animal pain and/or animal distress is caused by particular techniques or methods are not yet available. The HSUS has compiled a preliminary list of research models and techniques that cause pain and distress. Analyses by the USDA and HSUS indicate that the majority of the animals reported in Column E are used in various testing procedures, with vaccine testing prominent among them. More data are needed to …

Diffusion Problems In Wound Healing And A Scattering Approach To Immune System Interactions, Julia Suzanne Arnold

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

A theoretical model for the existence of a Critical Size Defect (CSD) in certain animals is the focus of the majority of this dissertation. Adam [1] recently developed a one-dimensional model of this phenomenon, and chapters I–V address the exist the CSD in a two-dimensional model and a three-dimensional model. The two dimensional (or 1-d circular) model is the more appropriate for a study of CSD's. In that model we assume a circular wound of uniform depth and develop a time-independent form of the diffusion equation relevant to the study of the CSD phenomenon. It transpires that the range of …

Managing Our Environmental Portfolio, Robert Costanza, Herman E. Daly, Carl Folke, Paul Hawken, C. S. Holling, A. J. Mcmichael, David Pimentel, David Rapport

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

No set of issues has tended to separate economists and ecologists, especially in the mind of the public, more than those surrounding the linkages between economic growth, human carrying capacity, and the environment. The general lack of interest among the majority of economists in problems of the environment and a parallel lack of interest among the majority of ecologists in economic issues, combined with a lack of dialogue between the two groups, has allowed extreme positions to take hold in the public debate and to influence policy to an inordinate degree.

Assessing The Risk Of Surface And Ground Water Contamination From Livestock Yards Management, Utah State University Extension

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Climate Change And Development, Luis Gómez-Echeverri

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

A collaborative publication of the UNDP Regional Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean and the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies.

Assessing The Risk Of Surface And Ground Water Contamination From Livestock Manure Storage & Utilization, Utah State University Extension

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Asian Carp Management And Control Workshop

National Invasive Species Council

The U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service’s Columbia Fishery Resources Office and Region 6 Aquatic Nuisance Species Coordinator co-hosted an Asian Carp Workshop in St. Louis, Missouri on April 19-20, 2000 to initiate the process of gathering input for the development of a Mississippi River Basin Asian Carp Management and Control Plan. The goal of the workshop was to review status, distribution, biology; ecological and economic benefits and impacts of four Asian carp species and identify management and control alternatives to reduce or mitigate these impacts.

Fifty-eight participants from state and federal natural resources agencies, universities and research facilities along with …

Cytotoxic Mab From Rheumatic Carditis Recognizes Heart Valves And Laminin, Jeffrey E. Galvin, Mark E. Hemric, Kent Ward, Madeleine W. Cunningham

Faculty Publications and Presentations

Anti-streptococcal antibodies cross-reactive with N-acetyl-bD-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and myosin are present in the sera of patients with rheumatic fever (RF). However, their role in tissue injury is not clear. In this study, we show that anti-GlcNAc/anti-myosin mAb 3.B6 from a rheumatic carditis patient was cytotoxic for human endothelial cell lines and reacted with human valvular endothelium and underlying basement membrane. Reactivity of mAb 3.B6 with the valve was inhibited by human cardiac myosin > laminin > GlcNAc. The mAb 3.B6 epitopes were localized in fragments of human cardiac myosin, including heavy meromyosin (HMM), the S1 subfragment, and two light meromyosin (LMM) peptides containing …

Defining Anuran Malformations In The Context Of A Developmental Problem, Carol U. Meteyer, Rebecca A. Cole, Kathryn A. Converse, Douglas E. Docherty, Mark Wolcott, Judy C. Helgen, Richard Levey, Laura Eaton-Poole, James G. Burkhart

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

This paper summarizes terminology and general concepts involved in animal development for the purpose of providing background for the study and understanding of frog malformations. The results of our radiographic investigation of rear limb malformations in Rana pipiens provide evidence that frog malformations are the product of early developmental errors. Although bacteria, parasites and viruses were identified in these metamorphosed frogs, the relevant window to look for the teratogenic affect of these agents is in the early tadpole stage during limb development. As a result, our microbiological findings must be regarded as inconclusive relative to determining their contribution to malformations …

Examination Of Student-Active Learning Practices In A College/Middle School Educational Collaboration, S. Prattis, I. Czerwiec

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

A college and middle school student teaching collaboration was developed to interest more college students in teaching K-12 science, to enhance diversity among K-16 teaching faculties, and to inspire the K-12 students to expand their knowledge beyond their classroom curriculum. To assess our results, we used a modified Likert survey instrument and self-reflective analysis in middle school and college students, respectively. Overall, middle school students expressed satisfaction in the science learning in which they participated. In addition, college students reported that they learned specific content when made responsible for teaching material to younger students. Collaborative projects such as this one …

Scwds Briefs: Volume 15, Number 4 (January 2000)

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

SCWDS BRIEFS
JANUARY 2000
Bovine tuberculosis (TB)
New Tick-borne Disease in the South
Dermacentor, Amblyomma, and Ixodes Dermacentor variabilis
Amblyomma americanum
Ixodes scapularis
"Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness"
Borrelia lonestari
Cowdria ruminantium
Amblyomma
A. cajennense, A. dissimile, and A. maculatum
Exotic Tortoise Ticks in Florida E. coli O157:H7 in Deer and Cattle
Kansas Bobwhites
Physaloptera.
Hemorrhagic Disease (HD) and Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in Wild Cervidae
Wildlife Disease Association (WDA)
New USGS Field Manual: Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases: General Field Procedures and Diseases of Birds

Parental Care And Clutch Sizes In North And South American Birds, Thomas E. Martin, P. R. Martin, C. R. Olson, B. J. Heidinger, J. J. Fontaine

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

The evolutionary causes of small clutch sizes in tropical and Southern Hemisphere regions are poorly understood. Alexander Skutch proposed 50 years ago that higher nest predation in the south constrains the rate at which parent birds can deliver food to young and thereby constrains clutch size by limiting the number of young that parents can feed. This hypothesis for explaining differences in clutch size and parental behaviors between latitudes has remained untested. Here, a detailed study of bird species in Arizona and Argentina shows that Skutch's hypothesis explains clutch size variation within North and South America. However, neither Skutch's hypothesis …

Vaccination In A Model Of An Epidemic, M. S. Abual-Rub

All Works

Vaccination has been included in a model which describes an epidemic. A traveling wave solution together with an equilibrium and stability analysis have been done to the model.

Hopf Bifurcation In Models For Pertussis Epidemiology, Herbert W. Hethcote, Yi Li, Zhujun Jing

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Pertussis (whooping cough) incidence in the United States has oscillated with a period of about four years since data was first collected in 1922. An infection with pertussis confers immunity for several years, but then the immunity wanes, so that reinfection is possible. A pertussis reinfection is mild after partial loss of immunity, but the reinfection can be severe after complete loss of immunity. Three pertussis transmission models with waning of immunity are examined for periodic solutions. Equilibria and their stability are determined. Hopf bifurcation of periodic solutions around the endemic equilibrium can occur for some parameter values in two …

1991-1992 & 1996 Utah Usage Of Ems Services By Children: Year Iii Research Report, Intermountain Injury Control Research Center, U.S. Department Of Commerce

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This study examined how Utah children used emergency medical services (EMS) and related hospital care in 1991-1992. The EMS and hospital records were linked using special software (probabilistic linkage) . The principal findings of the study concerned the care of young children less than 5 years of age. They received fewer procedures prior to being transported to a hospital and required more time at the scene for assessment. Some interventions such as splinting of fractured arms prior to transport to a hospital were related to reduced hospital charges. Ambulance and hospital charges for children were estimated to by $35,000,000 not …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 31, No.3 September 1999

The Prairie Naturalist

HANTA VIRUS INFECTION IN NORTH DAKOTA SMALL MAMMALS: 1994,1995 ▪ R. W. Seabloom, J. J. Feist, and S L. McDonough

AMERICAN WOODCOCK IN COLORADO ▪ C. E. Braun

AVIFAUNA OF AN EARLY SUCCESSIONAL HABITAT ALONG THE MIDDLE MISSOURI RIVER ▪ D. L. Swanson

REPRODUCTIVE STATUS OF FLEA BEETLES IN NORTH DAKOTA AND SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ M. A. Brinkman and S. A. Clay

NUTRIENT AND ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF INVERTEBRATES FROM TWO LOCATIONS IN KANSAS ▪ S. G. Papon, R. J. Robel, and K. Kemp

BOOK REVIEWS

The Wood Warblers ▪ M. G. Knutson

A Fascination With Birds. ▪ J. A. Dechant …

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 6-1, Summer 1999

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Message of Appreciation-NonToxic Shot International News Cooperative Research with Aboriginal Groups CCWHC as Observers on Eastern Canadian Harp Seal Hunt "Emerging" Diseases Spinal Cord Degeneration in a Bald Eagle Common Loon Killed by Bald Eagle Mass Stranding of Long-Finned Pilot Whales on PEI Congenital Limb Deformity in a Red Fox Mycoplasmosis Epidemic in Evening and Pine Grosbeaks Fatal Sphaeridiotrema sp Infection in Lesser Scaup Aspergillosis in Mallard Ducks Septicemic Pasteurellosis-Elk Trumpter Swans-Wye Marsh Long-Eared Owls Canada Geese-Unusual Cases Poisoning of Bohemian Waxwings Polioencephalomalacia in Deer and Pronghorns Brucellosis in Marine Mammals of Arctic Canada

Scwds Briefs: Volume 15, Number 2 (July 1999)

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

SCWDS BRIEFS
July 1999
1998 HD Summary
Hemorrhagic disease (HD)
EHD virus serotype 2 (EHDV-2)
Viral RNA
HD Virus Isolation Support
Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV)
Bluetongue Virus (BTV)
Cattle pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE)
BHK21 cells
Recommendations for the Use of Lyme Disease Vaccine
Lyme disease
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Ketamine
Avian Brain Lesion Syndrome (ABLS)
Coot and Eagle Brain Lesion Syndrome (CEBLS)
Harold M. Smith -- 1942-1999

The Exploration Of Artificial Intelligence Through The Analysis And Design Of Expert Systems, Avis R. Calvert

Electronic Dissertations and Theses

Expert systems are a rapidly developing area of research. A sub-area of artificial intelligence, the success of expert systems depends heavily on an expert of a particular subject matter and that expert's ability to make analytical inferences based upon the human capacity to reason and deduce. Because the broad and ultimate goal of artificial intelligence is to develop computers capable of emulating human behavioral and psychoanalytical patterns, there is much to discover about the learning component of a computer. This thesis focuses on the development and the complexity of expert systems. Included, is a brief history of expert systems, a …

Scwds Briefs: Volume 15, Number 1 (April 1999)

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

SCWDS BRIEFS
April 1999
Aflatoxicosis in Louisiana Geese
Aflatoxins
Aspergillus
Prevention of Meningeal Worm Infection
Meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis)
Meningeal worm infection (parelaphostrongylosis)
Meningeal Worms in Cattle
Deer meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis) and clinical disease (parelaphostrongylosis)
Composted Chicken Litter Safer for Wildlife
Histomoniasis (blackhead disease) transmission
Pasteurella multocida
Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro) and Newcastle disease
Hazards of Deer Relocation
Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC)
Capture myopathy
Rodenticide Hazards to Wildlife
Bromadiolone and diphacinone
Anticoagulant compounds
National Wild Turkey Federation (NWTF)
Avian pox and blackhead disease
Annual Conference of the Wildlife Disease
Association (WDA)