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Human-Nonhuman Primate Interconnections And Their Relevance To Anthropology, Agustin Fuentes

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

The human-nonhuman primate interface is a core component in conservation and an emerging area of discourse across anthropology. There is a growing recognition of the relevance of long-term sympatry between human and nonhuman primates. Until recently these relationships received limited attention in the anthropological literature and in the primatological construction of models for the behavior and evolution of primate societies. Most socioecological investigations into primate groups and human populations do not incorporate their interactions (beyond predation or crop raiding), potential pathogen sharing, or the role of the anthropogenically impacted environment. Current relationships between humans and nonhuman primates are generally assumed …

Human And Non-Human Primate Co-Existence In The Neotropics: A Preliminary View Of Some Agricultural Practices As A Complement For Primate Conservation, Alejandro Estrada

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

In this paper I address the general perception that agricultural activities are the principal threat to primate biodiversity in the tropics and argue that in Neotropical landscapes some agricultural practices may favor primate population persistence, and that this situation merits attention and investigation. To explore these issues, I examined three interrelated pressures upon tropical forests for the Mesoamerican and Amazon basin regions: human population growth trends, levels of poverty and human development and deforestation rates. I also present relevant results of recent surveys completed on the presence and activities of primate populations in agroecosystems in several landscapes in Mesoamerica. I …

Wmi Outdoor News Bulletin * November 2006, Volume 60, No. 10

Wildlife Management Institute Outdoor News Bulletin

Contents:

• North American Bird Species Shown to be Susceptible to Avian Influenza

• Longleaf pine restoration gets huge boost from Conservation Reserve Program

• Controversy still stalking elk feedgrounds in Wyoming

• Predator/prey workshop to be held at North American Conference

• New book gets rave notice

• With dove vote, Michiganders shoot science-based wildlife management in the foot

• Geothermal energy issue still boiling at the Valles Caldera National Preserve

• 72nd North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference registration

• Northeast states get positively proactive on State Wildlife Actions Plans

• Nominations sought for 2007 northern bobwhite …

Centre Canadian Cooperatif De La Sante De La Faune, Rapport Annuel 2005-2006 (French)

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

À propos du CCCSF Nos activités Surveillance des maladies de la faune Surveillance des maladies de la faune - Points saillants en 2005 Centre technologique d'information du CCCSF Services d'information Formation Réponse aux maladies de la faune et gestion des maladies Publications et rapports Rapport financier 2005-2006 - Dépenses reliées au Programme de base Personnel et associés du Centre Canadian coopératif de la santé de la faune 2005-2006 Conseil d’administration du Centre Canadien coopératif de la santé de la fanue en 2005-06

Microfabrication And Evaluation Of Planar Thin-Film Microfluidic Devices, Bridget Ann Peeni

Theses and Dissertations

Over the past 15 years, research in the field of microfluidics has rapidly gained popularity. By seeking to miniaturize and automate separation-based analysis, microfluidic research seeks to improve current methods through decreased cost, analysis time, and sources of contamination. My work has focused on developing a novel fabrication method, based on standard microfabrication techniques, to create thin-film microfluidic devices. This microfabrication format makes it possible to generate devices that provide high efficiencies, enable mass fabrication, and provide a platform capable of integrating the microfluidic and electronic components necessary for a micro-total analysis system (μ-TAS). Device fabrication combines the processes of …

Rapid Assessment For A New Invasive Species Threat: The Case Of The Gambian Giant Pouched Rat In Florida, Richard M. Engeman, John W. Woolard, Neil D. Perry, Gary W. Witmer, Scott Hardin, Lawrence Brashears, Henry Smith, Britta Muiznieks, Bernice Constantin

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Gambian giant pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus) is a large rodent that has established a breeding population in the Florida Keys. Should it successfully disperse to mainland Florida, it could continue spreading through much of North America where significant negative ecological and agricultural consequences could result. We rapidly developed the information for implementing an efficient and successful eradication program before dispersal to the mainland occurs. This included development of monitoring and indexing methods and their application to define the animal’s range, the development of baits attractive to Gambian giant pouched rats, efficacy testing of toxicants, and development of …

Wmi Outdoor News Bulletin * October 2006, Volume 60, No. 10

Wildlife Management Institute Outdoor News Bulletin

Contents:

• Hunting/conservation organizations line up to urge expanded use of Coop Units

• Suspected culprit identified in CWD transmission

• Prairie Grouse Management Plan making progress

• Great Lakes Fish and Wildlife Restoration Act is reauthorized

• Worth reading: The Final Frontiersman

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Volume 22, October 2006, Number 3

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

The final rule on Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) Herd Certification Program and Interstate Movement of Farmed or Captive Deer, Elk, and Moose was published in the Federal Register by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service (APHIS) on July 21, 2006 (SCWDS BRIEFS, Vol. 22, No. 2). SCWDS researchers recently received research support from the U.S. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for a project entitled “Avian Influenza Viruses in the Environment: What is the Probability of Human Contact and Transmission?” We have had a large number of isolations of bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic …

Indiana Wildlife Disease News; Volume 1, Issue 4, October 2006

Indiana Wildlife Disease News

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an acute, infectious, often fatal viral disease of some wild ruminants. Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Confirmed in Free-ranging Deer From West-Central Indiana. Bluetongue is an insect-borne, viral disease primarily of sheep, occasionally goats and deer and, very rarely, cattle. The Indiana State Department of Health (ISDH) has had a sophisticated disease surveillance system in place since 2000 to monitor mosquitoes and birds that can potentially carry West Nile virus (WNV). Testing for chronic wasting disease (CWD) in Indiana’s deer herd will continue this fall. Chronic Wasting Disease Herd Certification Petitions and Request for Comments. For updates …

Fisheries Research Contract Report No. 15 - Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: Pilchard Herpesvirus Infection In Wild Pilchards (Frdc Project No. 2002/044) Final Report, Brian Jones, Melanie Crockford, Richard Whittington, Mark Crane, Graham Wilcox

Fisheries Research Contract Reports

In 1995 and again in 1998/9, millions of pilchards (Sardinops sagax neopilchardus) were found dead or dying off the coast of Australia. Some pilchards in New Zealand were also affected during the 1995 epizootic. The epizootics moved progressively in a "bushfire-like" manner against the prevailing currents at a rapid speed. An uncharacterised herpesvirus, pilchard herpesvirus (PHV), was associated with both mortality events and, based on its occurrence in affected fish and the disease pathogenesis, generally accepted as the causative agent, although experimental evidence of its role was not established. Until recently, rapid and sensitive methods to detect PHV were not …

Characterization Of Β-Lactam Resistant Pandemic Serotypes Of Vibrio Cholerae Isolated From Ships' Ballast Tanks And Coastal Waters, Amanda Lynn Goodrich

OES Theses and Dissertations

Vibrio cholerae serotypes 01 and 0139 are responsible for world-wide epidemics of cholera. These pandemic causing strains must possess genes that encode for the cholera toxin (CTX) and toxin co-regulated pili (TCP) in order to infect their hosts. In this study, 284 isolates of Vibrio cholerae from ballast and coastal waters were serotyped, with 11 % testing positive for serotype 01 and 21 % testing positive for serotype 0139. PCR assays were used to detect the presence of ctxA and tcpA genes in all positive isolates, none of which contained ctxA while 2% of the isolates contained tcpA. The 01 …

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre, Annual Report For 2005-2006 (English)

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

About the CCWHC
What We Do
Wildlife Disease Surveillance
Wildlife Disease Surveillance - Highlights from 2005
CCWHC Information Technology Centre
Information Services
Education
Wildlife Disease Response and Management
Publications and Reports
CCWHC Information Technology Centre
Financial Report for 2005-2006 - Core Program Revenues
Financial Report for 2005-2006 - Core Program Expenses
Staff and Associates of the Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre 2005-06
Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Board of Directors—2005-2006

Mechanistic Studies On The Mononuclear ZnIi-Containing Metallo-Β-Lactamase Imis From Aeromonas Sobria, Narayan Sharma, Christine E. Hajdin, Sowmya Chandrasekar, Brian Bennett, Ke-Wu Yang, Michael W. Crowder

Physics Faculty Research and Publications

In an effort to understand the reaction mechanism of a B2 metallo-β-lactamase, steady-state and pre-steady-state kinetic and rapid freeze quench electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies were conducted on ImiS and its reaction with imipenem and meropenem. pH dependence studies revealed no inflection points in the pH range of 5.0−8.5, while proton inventories demonstrated at least 1 rate-limiting proton transfer. Site-directed mutagenesis studies revealed that Lys224 plays a catalytic role in ImiS, while the side chain of Asn233 does not play a role in binding or catalysis. Stopped-flow fluorescence studies on ImiS, which monitor changes in tryptophan fluorescence on the enzyme, …

Newly Identified Vitamin K-Producing Bacteria Isolated From The Neonatal Faecal Flora, Gordon Cooke, John Behan, Mary Costello

Articles

Fat-soluble vitamin K is an essential component of the blood clotting process. Menaquinones are the naturally occurring form of vitamin K identified in bacteria. Lipid extracts were made from three bacteria originally isolated from the human neonatal gut and identified as Enterobacter agglomerans, Serratia marcescens and Enterococcus faecium. Following preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC), the lipid extracts were subjected to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Peak analysis of the LC-MS data showed that the three bacteria produce various forms of menaquinone.

Fences And Deer-Damage Management: A Review Of Designs And Efficacy, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Michael J. Lavelle, Scott Hygnstrom

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) may cause more damage than any other species of wildlife. These damages include crop loss, automobile and aviation collisions, disease transmission, environmental degradation, and destruction of ornamental plantings. One practical method of controlling deer damage is the use of exclusionary fences. The relatively high cost of labor and materials required to build effective fences has limited most applications to the protection of orchards, vegetable farms, other high-value resources, and mitigation of human health and safety risks. Improvements in fence technology resulting in less expensive, yet effective fences have expanded the use of fences to manage damage …

Avian Influenza In Wild Birds: Status As Reservoirs, And Risks To Humans And Agriculture , Larry Clark, Jeffrey Hall

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Influenza A viruses are naturally reservoired in wild bird populations, in which they generally exist as low-pathogenic subtypes. Historically, concern about avian influenza virus (AIV) in wild birds is related to its potential effects on agriculture and human health, and not to health issues of wild bird populations. Several subtypes (primarily H5 and H7) have caused severe outbreaks of disease in domestic bird populations. In some cases, genetic and spatial temporal analyses suggest that these high-pathogenic subtypes may originate in wild bird populations that transmit low-pathogenic forms to domestic birds; after passage in domestic birds, the low-pathogenic subtypes convert to …

Strategies For Reducing Mosquito-Borne Disease Vulnerability In Equine Populations: A Kentucky Case Study, Sara Dalton

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This research examined equine management practices that limit or contribute to the spread of West Nile virus and other mosquito-bome disease. I hypothesize that there is a relationship between equine management practices and outbreaks of mosquito-borne disease in horse populations. Improved and appropriate mosquito habitat management may limit the risk of mosquito-borne disease in humans and horses by helping to lower the mosquito populations. The study goals were to recognize equine management practices and mosquito prevention practices that foster outbreaks of mosquito-borne disease. This study used a questionnaire for county level analysis of equine management practices and the relationship to …

Susceptibility Of Greater Sage-Grouse To Experimental Infection With West Nile Virus, Larry Clark, Jeffrey Hall, Robert Mclean, Michael Dunbar, Kaci Klenk, Richard Bowen, Cynthia A. Smeraski

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Populations of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) have declined 45– 80% in North America since 1950. Although much of this decline has been attributed to habitat loss, recent field studies have indicated that West Nile virus (WNV) has had a significant negative impact on local populations of grouse. We confirm the susceptibility of greater sage-grouse to WNV infection in laboratory experimental studies. Grouse were challenged by subcutaneous injection of WNV (103.2 plaque-forming units [PFUs]). All grouse died within 6 days of infection. The Kaplan-Meier estimate for 50% survival was 4.5 days. Mean peak viremia for nonvaccinated birds was 106.4 PFUs/ml (6100.2 …

Sheep Updates 2006 - Part 4, K. G. Geenty, A. A. Swan, A. J. Smith, J. L. Smith, Chris Oldham, R. G. Woodgate, R. A. Love, E. Dobbe, H. M. Hoult, J. Pearson, S. Hill, A. Van Burgel, R. B. Besier, R. Warburton, L. Mathwin, D. Rogers, E. Crossley, Allan Herbert, P. Nichols, Tony Albertsen, Darryl Mcclements, Graeme Martin, Penny Hawken, Caroline Vinoles, Beth Paganoni, Dominique Blanche

Sheep Updates

This session covers seven papers from different authors:

MANAGEMENT

1. Wool and meat traits in Merino flocks in different regions, K.G. Geenty, A.A. Swan, A.J. Smith, J.L. Smith, Sheep CRC and CSIRO Livestock Industries, Armidale

2. Fat score or Condition score? - It all depends on what you want to do! Chris Oldham, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia

3. Sheep worm control - the latest for Western Australia, RG Woodgate, RA Love, E Dobbe, HM Hoult, J Pearson, S Hill, A van Burgel and RB Besier, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia

PASTURES

4. Rethinking pasture production …

The Impact Of Hurricane Katrina On Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, Lsu Health Sciences Center - New Orleans

LSUHSC Hurricane Katrina Archive: Reports & Presentations

"The Impact of Hurricane Katrina on Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans" is a 6 page document presented by Dr. Larry H. Hollier (Dean of the School of Medicine 2004-2007, Chancellor 2006-2021) to the U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions on July 13, 2006.

This report details the status of faculty, departments, and organizations affiliated with LSU Health just before Hurricane Katrina, the challenges the school administrators faced in evacuating the campuses and associated medical centers as well as relocating all services, and the success of the university in continuing education and research programs while …

Jumpstarting Phylogenetic Searches, Jesse Lewis Mecham

Theses and Dissertations

Phylogenetic analysis is a central tool in studies of comparative genomics. When a new region of DNA is isolated and sequenced, researchers are often forced to throw away months of computation on an existing phylogeny of homologous sequences in order to incorporate this new sequence. The previously constructed trees are often discarded, and the researcher begins the search again from scratch. The jumpstarting algorithm uses trees from the prior search as a starting point for a new phylogenetic search. This technique drastically decreases search time for large data sets. This kind of analysis is necessary as researchers analyze tree of …

Evaluating Causal Effect Predictiveness Of Candidate Surrogate Endpoints, Peter B. Gilbert, Michael Hudgens

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Most methods for evaluating surrogate endpoints measure validity in terms of net effects (i.e., treatment effects adjusted for the biomarker measured after randomization). Frangakis and Rubin (2002, Biometrics) criticized these approaches because net effects may reflect selection bias, and suggested an alternative definition of a surrogate endpoint (a "principal" surrogate) based on causal effects. For evaluating principal surrogates we introduce a causal effect predictiveness (CEP) surface, which quantifies how well causal treatment effects on the biomarker predict causal treatment effects on the clinical endpoint. The CEP surface is not identifiable in general due to missing potential outcomes. However, by incorporating …

Stochastic Propagation Modeling And Early Detection Of Malicious Mobile Code, Xin Xu

Doctoral Dissertations

Epidemic models are commonly used to model the propagation of malicious mobile code like a computer virus or a worm. In this dissertation, we introduce stochastic techniques to describe the propagation behavior of malicious mobile code. We propose a stochastic infection-immunization (INIM) model based on the standard Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) epidemic model, and we get an explicit solution of this model using probability generating function (pgf.). Our experiments simulate the propagation of malicious mobile code with immunization. The simulation results match the theoretical results of the model, which indicates that it is reliable to use INIM model to predict the propagation …

Scwds Briefs: Volume 22, Number 2 (July 2006 )

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

SCWDS BRIEFS
July 2006
USDA Publishes Final CWD Rule
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) Herd Certification Program and Interstate Movement of Farmed or Captive Deer
International Avian Influenza Conferences
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses
HPAI H5N1
Two New NIH Grants & Three New Grad Students
Trypanosoma cruzi
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
Dr. Susan Little
Borrelia lonestari
Southern Tick- Associated Rash Illness (STARI)
Amblyomma americanum, the lone star tick
Dr. Michael Yabsley
Protozoal Epidemics Among Frogs in Georgia
Rana heckscheri
Perkinsus-like protozoan
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Parasite & Disease Problems in Mourning Doves
West Nile virus
Ascardia columbae
Trichomonas gallinae …

Invasive Predators: A Synthesis Of The Past, Present, And Future, William C. Pitt, Gary W. Witmer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Invasive predators have had devastating effects on species around the world and their effects are increasing. Successful invasive predators typically have a high reproductive rate, short generation times, a generalized diet, and are small or secretive. However, the probability of a successful invasion is also dependent on the qualities of the ecosystem invaded. Ecosystems with a limited assemblage of native species are the most susceptible to invasion provided that habitat and climate are favorable. In addition, the number of invasion opportunities for a species increases the likelihood that the species will successfully establish. The list of routes of entry or …

An Adaptive Algorithm To Identify Ambiguous Prostate Capsule Boundary Lines For Three-Dimensional Reconstruction And Quantitation, Rania Yousry Hussein

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Currently there are few parameters that are used to compare the efficiency of different methods of cancerous prostate surgical removal. An accurate assessment of the percentage and depth of extra-capsular soft tissue removed with the prostate by the various surgical techniques can help surgeons determine the appropriateness of surgical approaches. Additionally, an objective assessment can allow a particular surgeon to compare individual performance against a standard. In order to facilitate 3D reconstruction and objective analysis and thus provide more accurate quantitation results when analyzing specimens, it is essential to automatically identify the capsule line that separates the prostate gland tissue …

Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 12, Spring/Summer 2006

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Canada’s Inter-agency Wild Bird Influenza Survey—Results from 2005
Devil’s Lake Pathogen Surveys
Wildlife Health Alert—Adenoviral Hemorrhagic Disease Updates
First Charitable Donation
Download your newsletter from our Website

Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 12-1, Spring & Summer 2006

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Canada’s Inter-agency Wild Bird Influenza Survey—Results from 2005
Devil’s Lake Pathogen Surveys
Wildlife Health Alert—Adenoviral Hemorrhagic Disease of Deer
Anticoagulant Rodenticide Toxicity in Birds
Salmonellosis Returns to the Maritime Provinces’ Passerine Bird Populations
Skin Disease in Canada Geese
Escherichia albertii in Songbirds on Prince Edward Island
Illegal Shooting of Raptorial Birds in the Province of Quebec from 1986 to 2004
Nocardiosis in a Juvenile Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata)
Autopsy of the Beluga Whales Necropsy Program: Two Decades of Data
Schistosomiasis-related Mortality in Ring-billed Gulls
Common Toxicological Problems of Ontario Wildlife
Fenthion Poisoning in Black-billed Magpies (Pica pica)
Demodecosis in a …

Human Development And Resources Use In The Coastal Zone: Influences On Human Health, Robert E. Bowen, Anamarija Frankic, Mary E. Davis

Environmental, Earth, and Ocean Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Coastal watersheds and nearshore marine areas are the most valuable and dynamic places on Earth. Human population growth is great in these regions, which are home to some of the most sensitive habitats in the world. Coastal areas provide more than half of the overall service value derived from the global environment (Costanza et al., 1997). Natural (e.g., hurricanes and tsunamis) and human pressures on this environment require it to constantly adjust. More than any other area, the global coast has defined the progress of human culture and continues to be a singular influence in how humans connect to the …

Disease Emergence And Resurgence: The Wildlife-Human Connection, Milton Friend

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

Humans have been affected by and have contributed to the eruption and spread of disease since antiquity. This connectivity is such that disease in the Americas was one of the five Seeds of Change addressed by the National Museum of Natural History’s commemoration of the Columbus Quincentenary. As for the other Seeds of Change, diseases “…sent ripples around the globe, affecting the people as well as the flora and fauna of both the New World and the Old.” During recent decades, these ripples have become waves that are likely to intensify, swelled by human population growth, civil strife, and other …