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Chronic Arsenic Exposure And Risk Of Infant Mortality In Two Areas Of Chile, Claudia Hopenhayn-Rich, Steven R. Browning, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Catterina Ferreccio, Cecilia Peralta, Herman Gibb

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Chronic arsenic exposure has been associated with a range of neurologic, vascular, dermatologic, and carcinogenic effects. However, limited research has been directed at the association of arsenic exposure and human reproductive health outcomes. The principal aim of this study was to investigate the trends in infant mortality between two geographic locations in Chile: Antofagasta, which has a well-documented history of arsenic exposure from naturally contaminated water, and Valparaíso, a comparable low-exposure city. The arsenic concentration in Antofagasta's public drinking water supply rose substantially in 1958 with the introduction of a new water source, and remained elevated until 1970. We used …

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Summer 2000), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Summer 2000 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates
• Clinical Education
• Board Profile
• Alumni Board Profile
• Convention Highlights
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• Coming Events

Role Of Lipolysis And Lipogenesis In The Development Of Diet-Induced Obesity, Michael John Davies

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Obesity is an increasingly common public health problem with approximately one-half of the American adult population overweight and one-quarter considered obese. This alarming trend has led researchers to determine potential causative factors of excess weight gain in humans. However, it is difficult to discern whether perturbations that result in obesity are the cause or simply the result of the obese state. Diet-induced obesity is one of the animal models that allow researchers to address temporal issues. Our laboratory utilizes a diet-induced obesity model in which Sprague-Dawley rats are placed on a purified moderately high fat diet and ultimately diverge into …

An Ultrastructural Survey Of The Nuchal Glands Of Rhabdophis Tigrinus (Serpentes: Colubridae), Kathleen A. Roberts

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Rhabdophis tigrinus, an Asian natricine snake, possesses a series of integumentary glands located in the nuchal skin. Previous studies indicated that the nuchal glands are of mesodermal origin, contain cardiac steroids analogous to bufotoxins found in the parotoid glands of toads, which are included in the snake's diet. The nuchal glands are defensive in function. Preliminary histological studies revealed differences in quality of the gland tissue compared to previous studies, and difference in fixation techniques were suspected. Seven specimens of R. tigrinus were fixed by perfusion using a conservative fixation process standard for electron microscopy. The nuchal gland series …

Long-Term Prevention Of Renal Insufficiency, Excess Matrix Gene Expression, And Glomerular Mesangial Matrix Expansion By Treatment With Monoclonal Antitransforming Growth Factor-Ss Antibody In Db/Db Diabetic Mice , Fuad N. Ziyadeh, Brenda B. Hoffman, Dong Cheol Han, M. Carmen Iglesias-De La Cruz, Soon Won Hong, Motohide Isono, Sheldon Chen, Tracy A. Mcgowan, Kumar Sharma

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Emerging evidence suggests that transforming growth factor-(TGF-β) is an important mediator of diabetic nephropathy. We showed previously that short-term treatment with a neutralizing monoclonal anti-TGF-antibody (αT) in streptozotocin-diabetic mice prevents early changes of renal hypertrophy and increased matrix mRNA. To establish that overactivity of the renal TGF-system mediates the functional and structural changes of the more advanced stages of nephropathy, we tested whether chronic administration of αT prevents renal insufficiency and glomerulosclerosis in the db/db mouse, model of type 2 diabetes that develops overt nephropathy. Diabetic db/db mice and nondiabetic db/m littermates were treated intraperitoneally with α or control IgG, …

Effects Of Estradiol And Progesterone On Susceptibility And Early Immune Responses To Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection In The Female Reproductive Tract, Charu Kaushic, Fan Zhou, Andrew D. Murdin, Charles R. Wira

Dartmouth Scholarship

We have used a previously described rodent model to examine the influence of hormonal environment on susceptibility and immune responses to genital Chlamydia infection. Ovariectomized rats were administered estradiol, progesterone, or a combination of both, infected with Chlamydia trachomatis via the intrauterine route, and sacrificed 5 days later. Histopathological examination showed severe inflammation in the uteri and vaginae of progesterone-treated animals, whereas animals receiving estradiol or a combination of both hormones showed no inflammation. Large numbers of chlamydiae were found in vaginal secretions of progesterone-treated and combination-treated animals, while estradiol-treated animals had none. Tissue localization showed that numerous chlamydial inclusions …

Increased Levels Of Multiple Forms Of Dihydrofolate Reductase In Peripheral Blood Leucocytes Of Cancer Patients Receiving Haematopoietic Colony-Stimulating Factors: Interim Analysis, M P. Iqbal, I A. Burney, F Sultana, N Mehboobali, T Siddiqui

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

The precise mechanism whereby granulocytes proliferate when haematopoietic colony stimulating factors (CSFs) are used in neutropenic cancer patients is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether these cytokines bring about leucocyte proliferation by increasing the levels of multiple forms of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Blood samples were collected from 36 cancer patients (25 males and 11 females) with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. One sample of blood from each patient was obtained before therapy either with CSF, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or with placebo, and another one at the time of …

Chemopreventive Effect Of Oltipraz On Afb1-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis In Tree Shrew Model, Yuan Li, Jian Jia Su, Liu L. Qin, Chun Yang, Dan Luo, Ke C. Ban, T. W. Kensler, B. D. Roebuck

Dartmouth Scholarship

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major cancers in the world with a mortality of more than 250 000 cases yearly. More than 137 000 cases of HCC were diagnosed each year in China, which acount approximately for more than 40 percent of the total number in the world. HCC has become the second major cause of death for cancer in China since 1990, and its annual mortality is expected to be 21.2 cases per 100 000 population in the year 2000. Even though progresses have been achieved for HCC diagnosis and treat ment, its 5-year mortality is still …

Hcfa's Outpatient Pps: Finally Ready To Roll?, Karen Matherlee

National Health Policy Forum

This issue brief centers on hospital outpatient department services, scheduled to be on a prospective payment system (PPS) July 1, 2000, 17 years after enactment of legislation mandating PPS for hospital inpatient services. It looks at the challenges to providers and patients, including coding and other process issues, redistribution of payments, and changes in beneficiary co-payments.

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 2 No. 3 (June 15, 2000), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Differential Involvement Of Na(+),K(+)-Atpase Isozymes In Preimplantation Development Of The Mouse., D J Macphee, D H Jones, K J Barr, D H Betts, A J Watson, G M Kidder

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Na(+),K(+)-ATPase plays an essential role in mammalian blastocoel formation (cavitation) by driving trans-epithelial sodium transport. Previously, the alpha1 and beta1 subunit isoforms of this enzyme were identified in preimplantation mouse embryos and were assumed to be responsible for this function. Here we show that mRNAs encoding an additional alpha subunit isoform (alpha3) and the remaining two beta subunit isoforms are also present in preimplantation embryos. Whereas alpha3 mRNA accumulates between the four-cell and the blastocyst stages and thus results from embryonic transcription, the same could not be demonstrated for beta2 and beta3 mRNAs. Immunoblot analyses confirmed that these subunits are …

Method And Apparatus For Controlling Acoustic Signal Bandwidth In An Ultrasonic Diagnostic Imaging System, Jeffrey R. Resnick, Gregory R. Bashford

Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory

An ultrasonic imaging system includes a receive beamformer that generates analog receive signals and a scan converter. A receive signal processing path interconnects the receive beamformer and the scan converter, and this processing path included both an A/D converter characterized by a selectable sampling rate and at least one filter characterized by at least one filter parameter. The filter parameter is selected as a function of the sampling rate to provide enhanced image quality.

One-Trial Context Fear Conditioning With Immediate Shock: The Roles Of Transport And Contextual Cues, Rick A. Bevins, Anthony S. Rauhut, Janice E. Mcphee, John J. B. Ayres

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

In three experiments, using a total of 120 albino rats, we assessed whether transportation cues might evoke some of the freezing (i.e., defensive immobility) that we see in a context on a day following a footshock given immediately after placement in that context. The results suggested that immediate shock could directly condition strong fear to both simulated and actual transport cues. Although conditioning to transport cues explains some of the freezing that is seen on the test day, it does not explain all of it. We also found evidence that some of the freezing is due to conditioning to permanent …

Anticipating Adulthood: Expected Timing Of Work And Family Transitions Among Rural Youth, Lisa J. Crockett, C. Raymond Bingham

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study examined family and individual processes influencing the future expectancies of adolescents (N = 345) from an economically stressed rural community. The anticipated timing and sequencing of key role transitions (school completion, job entry, marriage, and parenthood) were examined for each gender. In addition, factors contributing to individual differences in expected timing were examined, and gender differences in predictors were tested. Results indicated that rural adolescents' expectancies about adult role transitions diverged somewhat from societal norms with respect to timing. Family background and relationships, adolescents' attitudes and behaviors, and educational aspirations all contributed to individual differences in expected …

Parental Monitoring And Adolescent Adjustment: An Ecological Perspective, Kristen C. Jacobson, Lisa J. Crockett

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study uses an ecological framework to examine the associations between parental monitoring and a variety of indicators of adolescent adjustment. Specifically, investigators examined whether higher levels of parental monitoring were associated with higher adolescent grade point average, lower levels of adolescent depression, and lower levels of adolescent sexual activity and minor delinquency, and whether these relations were moderated by gender, grade level, or mothers’ work status. Participants were 424 7th to 12th graders from a single rural school district in central Pennsylvania. Bivariate correlations indicated that parental monitoring had strong associations with all indicators of adjustment for both boys …

Chemical Isoprenoid Synthases And Uses Thereof, Joseph Chappell, Kyoungwhan Back

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Disclosed is a chimeric isoprenoid synthase polypeptide including a first domain from a first isoprenoid synthase joined to a second domain from a second, heterologous isoprenoid synthase, whereby the chimeric isoprenoid synthase is capable of catalyzing the production of isoprenoid reaction products that are not produced in the absence of the second domain of the second, heterologous isoprenoid synthase. Also disclosed is a chimeric isoprenoid synthase polypeptide including an asymmetrically positioned homologous domain, whereby the chimeric isoprenoid synthase is capable of catalyzing the production of isoprenoid reaction products that are not produced when the domain is positioned at its naturally-occurring …

Commencement, Philadelphia (2000), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Commencements

Philadelphia Campus D.O. Commencement Program, 109th Class. Degrees include Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine.

Commencement Speaker: Donna E. Shalala, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Review Of: Thomas Szasz, Fatal Freedom: The Ethics And Politics Of Suicide, Paula W. Jewell

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

A review of the book Fatal Freedom: The Ethics and Politics of Suicide by Thomas Szasz (Praeger Publishers 1999). Preface, acknowledgments, appendix, notes, selected bibliography, indexes. ISBN 0-275-96646-1 [178 pp. $25.95. Hardbound, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881].

Functional Significance Of The Upregulation Of Adhesion Molecules On Irradiated Endothelial Cells, Balabhaskar Prabhakarpandian

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Ionizing radiation is a major therapy for cancer. Damage to the endothelium and upregulation of inflammatory responses are major side effects of radiotherapy, but the mechanisms behind these processes are not clear. A key component of the inflammatory response is leukocytes adhesion to the endothelium in a multi-step process involving leukocyte tethering to the endothelium, followed by rolling, firm adhesion/spreading and extravasation. Adhesion molecules mediate this process, particularly, E-selectin and ICAM-1, which are inducible adhesion molecules. E-selectin is involved in the initial tethering and rolling steps of the adhesion cascade while ICAM-1 appears to be involved in the latter steps. …

Angiotensin Ii Promotes Atherosclerotic Lesions And Aneurysms In Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice, Alan Daugherty, Michael W. Manning, Lisa A. Cassis

Gill Heart & Vascular Institute Faculty Publications

Increased plasma concentrations of angiotension II (Ang II) have been implicated in atherogenesis. To examine this relationship directly, we infused Ang II or vehicle for 1 month via osmotic minipumps into mature apoE^–/– mice. These doses of Ang II did not alter arterial blood pressure, body weight, serum cholesterol concentrations, or distribution of lipoprotein cholesterol. However, Ang II infusions promoted an increased severity of aortic atherosclerotic lesions. These Ang II–induced lesions were predominantly lipid-laden macrophages and lymphocytes; moreover, Ang II promoted a marked increase in the number of macrophages present in the adventitial tissue underlying lesions. Unexpectedly, pronounced abdominal …

Commencement Program 2000, Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

2 | 2000 Events of Commencement

3 | The Academic Procession

4 | The Speakers

10 | The University Honorees

16 | The School Honorees

26 | The Programs

• School of Medicine, 27
• School of Dentistry, 34
• Graduate School, 41
• School of Nursing, 50
• School of Allied Health Professions - Physical Therapy, 55
• School of Allied Health Professions, 61
• School of Public Health, 69

Oncolog, Volume 45, Number 06, June 2000, Kerry L. Wright, Margaret E. Goode, Jack Roth Md, Gary S. Clayman Md, Dds

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Newly Organized Ophthalmology Section Expands Treatment of Ocular Malignancies
• Turning Knowledge Into Effective Gene Therapies, by Jack A. Roth, MD, Professor, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, and Gary S. Clayman, MD, DDS, Associate Professor, Head and Neck Surgery
• Microarrays Reduce Time, Labor, and Cost of DNA Analysis
• New DNA Microarray Technology Could Speed Up Discovery of the Genetic Causes of Lung Cancer
• House Call: Virtual Health: Finding Reliable Medical Resources on the Internet
• Clinical Practice Guidelines: Case Report: Ovarian Cancer
• Protocols: Studies Aim to Detect and Treat Ocular Malignancies

Identification And Characterization Of Control Elements Within The Murine Cd4 Gene, Zhong Deng

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The control of CD4 gene expression is essential for T lymphocyte development. Since the molecular mechanism for the control of CD4 gene expression during T cell development had not been elucidated, a study of the factors that control CD4 gene expression may lead to further. Toward these goals, we have made a series of recombinant DNA constructs to define the cis-acting transcriptional control elements in the murine CD4 locus that control CD4 gene expression during T cell development. In this study, we have identified multiple cis-acting control elements, which are critical for regulating the expression of the murine …

Effects Of Pycnogenol On Microsomal Cytochrome P450 Activity And Apoptosis, Huong Thu Huynh

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Phytochemicals are naturally-occurring compounds found in plants, many of which are consumed as nutritional supplements by humans. Pycnogenol is a mixture of flavonoid compounds extracted from bark of pine trees (Pinus maritima) and is commercially available in several different pharmaceutical preparations as a free radical scavenger.

Since few scientific studies have documented the pharmacologic effects of pycnogenol, our objective was to characterize the biological activity of pycnogenol. One study looked at the effects of pycnogenol on the three pathways of NNK metabolism: NNK reduction, N-oxidation and a-hydroxylation. NNK is a lung carcinogen. Lung and liver microsomes from 6 mo and …

Anti-Inflammatory Agents And The Modulation Of Replacement Root Resorption, Geoffrey Toshio Okada

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Replacement resorption (RR) occurs following severe injury to the periodontal ligament (PDL). It has been suggested that inflammatory reactions precede RR. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare histologically the effect of topical application of two anti-inflammatory medications and stannous fluoride (SF) on the development of RR. Thirty-four roots of beagle dog mandibular 2nd, 3rd, and 4th premolars received root canal therapy. They were then extracted and left to bench dry for one hour. Following removal of their PDLs, they were soaked for five minutes in either 10 µg/ml ketorolac (n=10), 16 µg/ml of dexamethasone (n=10), or …

An Extension Of Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis Applied To Craniofacial Growth Prediction, Mark K. Batesole

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study is [sic] introduces a new extension of Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA) as applied to growth prediction analysis. Using EDMA eliminates the presupposition of a set growth pattern, which is introduced by traditional superimposition techniques. When EDMA is extended to analyze prediction methodologies, using a non-age-matched growth sample, some shortcomings become evident. These involve bootstrapping techniques, relative difference in growth, and absence of clinical, real world measure. To overcome these issues, a statistical approach using the Wilcoxen signed rank test, absolute difference in growth, and a new method to evaluate the error in a prediction methodology's landmark identification …

Locus Of Control, Coping, And Anticipatory Nausea In Women With Breast Cancer, Melinda L. Nielsen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Many cancer patients experience adverse chemotherapy-related side effects. The present study examined whether the perception that one can control and effectively cope with her treatment for breast cancer mitigate against any nausea and vomiting that she may experience in anticipation of chemotherapy treatments. Seventy-five women with breast cancer completed the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale - Form C, the Krantz Health Opinion Survey, the Ways of Coping Scale - Revised, and the Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis. As hypothesized, internal health locus of control was significantly positively related to positive reappraisal coping strategies. This relationship was moderated by …

Artificial Breeding Of Large Ruminant Production : Based On Experiences In Thailand, Maneewan Kamonpatana

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The author has been much concentrating on biological regulation for enhancing fertility and growth with co-incidentally better health care. The three aspects of achievement of fertility, growth and health within one injection may be called “Three in One that is Mato-Matid technology”. However, Mato-Matid technology did provide a great deal of prime biological responses positively to several reproductive technologies in which some of them may be regarded as artificial breeding like IVM/IVF/IVC/ET/Cloning.

Pilomatrixoma And Pilomatrix Carcinoma Deceptively Similar But Distinct Entities, T S. Khan, A Khan

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.

Audit Of Lymph Node Biopsies In Suspected Cases Of Lymphoproliferative Malignancies: Implications On Tissue Diagnosis And Patient Management, Mohammad Zeeshan Qamar, Mehrukh Mujib, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Aims: To carry out an audit ascertaining the importance of condition of lymph node specimen, submission of clinical history including site of biopsy and imrnunohistochemcial studies on conclusiveness of diagnosis made.

Methodology: Computer records of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Histopathology Laboratory were used to analyze all cases of lymphoproliferative malignancies presented at the hospital from 1992 to 1998.

Results: Out of a total of 466 cases studied, in 283 (61%) the lymph nodes were fragmented. The site of biopsy was mentioned in 361 (77.5%) cases with the cervical region forming the most common site (56.5%). A clinical history was …