Digital Commons Network^™

The Effect Of Strength Training On 3km Performance In Recreational Female Endurance Runners, Cherina M. Rice

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a strength training program, as an additive to endurance training, would cause significant improvements in 3km run time in a group of recreational female endurance runners when compared to endurance training only. Subjects were 16 active women, randomly assigned to either a running only group (control group, n=9) or a combined strength and endurance training group (experimental group, n=7). The ten-week training program for both groups consisted of an endurance running program three times per week, which included steady-state endurance running, tempo runs and interval training. The experimental group however, participated …

West Nile Virus; History Of The Virus And Implications Of Public Health For South Dakota In 2004, Candice Nebelsick

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

West Nile Virus is currently affecting human and animal life in North America. This Virus has been a popular topic among researchers, health professionals, and state health departments because of its rapid emergence as a threat to human and animal populations. In this article, I will be discussing the symptomology associated with West Nile Virus and the disease's pattern of transmission. Furthermore, I will describe procedures for diagnosing and treating West Nile Virus and minimizing its future spread into human populations. I will conclude this article by predicting how the West Nile Virus will impact South Dakotans in 2004.

Chronic Pain: The Extra Burden On Canadian Women, Marta Meana, Robert Cho, Marie Desmeules

Psychology Faculty Research

Health Issue: Chronic pain is a major health problem associated with significant costs to both afflicted individuals and society as a whole. These costs seem to be disproportionately borne by women, who generally have higher prevalence rates for chronic pain than do men.

Key findings: Data obtained from 125,574 respondents to the Canadian Community Health Survey (2000–2001) indicated that 18% of Canadian women suffered from chronic pain, compared to 14% of men. This gender discrepancy, however, seemed to be linked primarily to differences in age, income, and education between adult men and women in this large sample. Age, income, depression …

A Gc-Ms Method For The Determination Of Isoxsuprine In Biological Fluids Of The Horse Utilizing Electron Impact Ionization, Jeffrey M Bosken, A. F. Lehner, C. G. Hughes, W. E. Woods, F. C. Camargo, J. D. Harkins, J. Boyles, Thomas Tobin

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Isoxsuprine is used to treat navicular disease and other lower-limb problems in the horse. Isoxsuprine is regulated as a class 4 compound by the Association of Racing Commissioners, International (ARCI) and, thus, requires regulatory monitoring. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method utilizing electron impact ionization was developed and validated for the quantitation of isoxsuprine in equine plasma or equine urine. The method utilized robotic solid-phase extraction and tri-methyl silyl ether products of derivatization. Products were bis-trimethylsilyl (TMS) isoxsuprine and tris-TMS ritodrine, which released intense quantifier ions m/z 178 for isoxsuprine and m/z 236 for ritodrine that were products of C-C cleavage. …

The Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome And The Eastern Tent Caterpillar Ii: A Toxicokinetic/Clinical Evaluation And A Proposed Pathogenesis: Septic Penetrating Setae, Thomas Tobin, J. Daniel Harkins, John Ford Roberts, Patricia W. Vanmeter, Tara A. Fuller

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Reviewing the mare reproductive loss syndrome (MRLS), it is proposed that the fundamental mechanism of this syndrome, which includes early fetal loss, late fetal loss, uveitis, pericarditis, and encephalitis, is tissue penetration by septic barbed setal fragments (septic penetrating setae) from Eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americanum). Once ingested, these barbed setal fragments migrate through moving tissues, followed by rapid hematogenous spread of bacteria, bacterial emboli, and/or septic fragments of setae (septic penetrating setal emboli), collectively referred to as septic materials. Pathogenic bacteria, therefore, enter the horse as hitchhikers on or in the caterpillar setal fragments, and MRLS is caused by …

Involving Men In Maternity Care In India, Leila Caleb-Varkey, Anurag Mishra, Anjana Das, Emma Ottolenghi, Dale Huntington, Susan E. Adamchak, M.E. Khan, Rick Homan

Reproductive Health

The Men in Maternity study investigated the feasibility, acceptability, and cost of a new, more comprehensive model of maternity care that encouraged husbands’ participation in their wives’ antenatal and postpartum care. The study was conducted in India, in collaboration with the Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC), Delhi Directorate at their primary health facilities called dispensaries. The study found that men accompanied their wives to the clinics and participated actively in the intervention. There were significant changes in family planning knowledge and behaviors of both men and women; although there was little acknowledgement of STI risk, knowledge and use of dual …

Including Married Adolescents In Adolescent Reproductive Health And Hiv/Aids Policy, Judith Bruce, Shelley Clark

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The majority of sexually active girls aged 15–19 in developing countries are married, and married adolescent girls tend to have higher rates of HIV infection than their sexually active, unmarried peers. Married adolescent girls represent a sizable fraction of adolescents at risk and experience some of the highest rates of HIV prevalence of any group. Nonetheless, married adolescents have been marginal in adolescent HIV/AIDS policies and programs and have not been the central subjects for programs aimed at adult married women. This paper offers a partial explanation for why married adolescents have so often been overlooked, the reasons why marriage …

Married Adolescents: A Review Of Programmes, Auralice Graft, Nicole Haberland, Rachel E. Goldberg

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Historically, major adolescent and reproductive health initiatives have failed to explicitly consider the needs of married adolescents. This paper provides insight into what is being done—or not being done—to support married adolescent girls and boys, how these populations’ needs are being conceptualized, and the extent to which social context is factored into program design. Some early work with adolescent mothers (married and unmarried) is considered. The degree to which selected adolescent programs have been able to reach married girls with their activities is briefly examined. A few basic parameters of potential interventions for married adolescents are presented, including an inventory …

The Experience Of Adolescence In Rural Amhara Region, Ethiopia, Annabel Erulkar, Tekle-Ab Mekbib, Negussie Simie, Tsehai Gulema

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This study aims to broaden the understanding of young lives in rural Ethiopia, specifically, Amhara Region. It finds that over half of the adolescents in the sample had never been to school. The most common reason for boys and girls not attending school was poverty, followed by early marriage for girls, and too many work responsibilities for boys. It finds that over half of the adolescents interviewed were illiterate. The study offers suggestions to address the programmatic needs of rural youth as well as neglected subgroups of adolescents.

Popular Perceptions Of Emerging Influences On Mortality And Longevity In Bangladesh And West Bengal, Sajeda Amin, Alaka Malwade Basu

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Although new environmental and pathological threats to human survival and longevity have been documented, relatively little is known about how these threats are perceived in the popular imagination. During fieldwork in rural Bangladesh and West Bengal, India, researching the changing costs of and motivations for reproduction, the authors included survey questions on respondents’ perceptions of changing mortality. Child-mortality levels were perceived to have fallen drastically in recent times, but for the middle-aged and the elderly, the past was seen as a better time in terms of health and survival. The decline in adult health is attributed to environmental deterioration and …

Long-Range Trends In Adult Mortality: Models And Projection Methods, John Bongaarts

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This Population Council working paper has two objectives: (1) to test a new version of the logistic model for the pattern of change over time in age-specific adult mortality rates, and (2) to develop a new method for projecting future trends in adult mortality. A test of the goodness-of-fit of the logistic model for the force of mortality indicates that its slope parameter is nearly constant over time. This finding suggests a variant of the model that is called the shifting logistic model. A new projection method based on the shifting mortality model is proposed and compared with the widely …

The Effect Of A Livelihoods Intervention In An Urban Slum In India: Do Vocational Counseling And Training Alter The Attitudes And Behavior Of Adolescent Girls?, Barbara Mensch, Monica J. Grant, Mary Philip Sebastian, Paul C. Hewett, Dale Huntington

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This Population Council working paper examines whether an experimental intervention for girls aged 14–19 that provided reproductive health information, vocational counseling and training, and assistance with opening savings accounts in slum areas of Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh, India had an effect on their attitudes and behaviors. Although the livelihoods program was acceptable to parents and feasible to implement, the project had only a minimal impact on the behavior and attitudes of adolescent girls in the experimental slums. The greatest changes between the baseline and the endline surveys were found in those outcomes that most closely reflected the content of the …

Half A Century Of Dna, Di̇cle Güç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Apert Syndrome, İlknur Kiliç, Yildirim Baykara, C. Nur Semerci̇, Hacer Ergi̇n, N. Lale Şatiroğlu Tufan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

ILIÇ^1, Yıldırım BAYKARA^1, C. Nur SEMERCİ^2, Hacer ERGİN^1, N. Lale ŞATIROĞLU TUFAN^2 ^1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli - Turkey ^2 Department of Medical Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli - Turkey

The Effect Of Gnrh Administration On Plasma Progesterone And Reproductive Performance In Ewes, Mehmet Aki̇f Çam, Mehmet Kuran, Erdoğan Selçuk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of GnRH administration at mating and on day 12 post-mating on the reproductive performance of Karayaka and Sakız x Karayaka (F_2) crossbred sheep. In the first experiment, ewes were allocated into a control group (K, n = 27), and groups administered 4 µg GnRH at mating (A, n = 27), on day 12 post-mating (AS, n = 30) and both at mating and on day 12 post-mating (AAS, n = 30). GnRH administration in the A and AS groups increased plasma progesterone concentrations (P < 0.01). The pregnancy rate at first mating in the AS group (86.7%) was higher than those in the ASS (66.7%), A (51.9%) and K (51.9%) groups (P < 0.01). There was no difference between the treatment groups in terms of litter sizes (1.31, 1.21, 1.21 and 1.20 for AS, K, A and ASS, respectively). In the second experiment, ewes were allocated into 2 groups, a control group (K, n = 70) and a group administered 4 µg GnRH on day 12 post-mating (AS, n = 73). The pregnancy rate at first mating was 71.4% and 80.8% (P > 0.05) and litter size was 1.24 and …

Introducing A New Approach To Estimating Red Meat Production In Turkey, Fahri̇ Yavuz, Carl R. Zulauf

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A common concern with official estimates of red meat production in Turkey is that they underestimate the level of production. One of the frequently cited reasons is that unregulated slaughter is undercounted. This study uses an estimation method based on the biology of red meat production to examine the potential impact of this undercounting. The production estimates obtained for 1991-1998 using this biological-based method exceed the numbers estimated by official organizations, but fall within the range of estimates obtained from other proposed approaches to estimating red meat production.

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 2004), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 2004 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates
• 5 Point Plan
• In Memoriam Albert F. D’Alonzo, DO ’56
• Stem Cell Research
• The O. J. Snyder Memorial Medal Recipient
• Mason W. Pressly Memorial Medal Recipient
• The Closing of Parkview Hospital
• Cover Story: It’s our Move: Creating Training Opportunities in a Shrinking Health Care Delivery System
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn
• PCOM Alumni Weekend 2004
• PCOM Events

Patterns Of Variations In Escherichia Coli Strains That Produce Cytolethal Distending Toxin, Carol L. Pickett, Robert B. Lee, Aysegul Eyigor, Ben Elitzur, Emily M. Fox, Nancy A. Strockbine

United States Public Health Resources

A collection of 20 Escherichia coli strains that produce cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) were analyzed for their virulence-associated genes. All of these strains were serotyped, and multiplex PCR analysis was used to ascertain the presence of genes encoding other virulence factors, including Shiga toxin, intimin, enterohemolysin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1) and CNF2, heat-stable toxin, and heat-labile toxin. These CDT-producing strains possessed various combinations of known virulence genes, some of which have not been noted before. Partial cdtB sequences were obtained from 10 of these strains, and their predicted CdtB sequences were compared to known E. coli CdtB sequences; …

Evaluation Of An In Vitro Blood-Based Assay To Detect Production Of Interferon-Γ By Mycobacterium Bovis–Infected White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Mitchell V. Palmer, W. Ray Waters, Diana L. Whipple, Ralph E. Slaughter, Stephen L. Jones

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in captive Cervidae was identified as an important disease in the United States in 1990 and prompted the addition of captive Cervidae to the USDA Uniform Methods and Rules for eradication of bovine tuberculosis. As well, M. bovis infection was identified in free-ranging white-tailed deer in northeast Michigan in 1995. Tuberculosis in both captive and free-ranging Cervidae represents a serious challenge to the eradication of M. bovis infection from the United States. Currently, the only approved antemortem tests for tuberculosis in Cervidae are the intradermal tuberculin skin test and the blood tuberculosis test (BTB). At …

Yeast Genome-Wide Drug-Induced Haploinsufficiency Screen To Determine Drug Mode Of Action, Kristin Baetz, Lianne Mchardy, Ken Gable, Tamsin Tarling, Delphine Rebérioux, Jenny Bryan, Raymond J. Andersen, Teresa Dunn, Phil Hieter, Michel Roberge

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Published in PNAS (2004) 101(13): pp. 4525-4530; doi:10.1073/pnas.0307122101

The Effects Of Melatonin On 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase: An In Vitro And In Vivo Study, İlhami̇ Gülçi̇n, Şükrü Beydemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Melatonin is known to influence a variety of biological processes including circadian rhythms, neuroendocrine, and cardiovascular and immune functions as well as thermoregulation. Melatonin is the chief secretory product of the pineal gland, although it is also produced in other organs. In this study, in vitro effects of melatonin on 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes and in vivo effects of melatonin on 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from rat (Sprague-Dawley) erythrocytes were studied. Human erythrocyte 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was purified in 3 steps, namely haemolysate preparation, ammonium sulphate fractionation (35-65%) and 2´,5´-ADP Sepharose-4B affinity gel chromatography. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was purified with a recovery rate …

Incremental Genetic K-Means Algorithm And Its Application In Gene Expression Data Analysis, Yi Lu, Shiyong Lu, Farshad Fotouhi, Youping Deng, Susan J. Brown

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

In recent years, clustering algorithms have been effectively applied in molecular biology for gene expression data analysis. With the help of clustering algorithms such as K-means, hierarchical clustering, SOM, etc, genes are partitioned into groups based on the similarity between their expression profiles. In this way, functionally related genes are identified. As the amount of laboratory data in molecular biology grows exponentially each year due to advanced technologies such as Microarray, new efficient and effective methods for clustering must be developed to process this growing amount of biological data.

Results

In this paper, we propose a new clustering …

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Administration Is Associated With High Pregnancy Rates During Ovarian Stimulation And Timed Intercourse Or Intrauterine Insemination, Mohamed F. Mitwally, Sonya Abdel-Razeq, Robert F. Casper

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

There are different factors that influence treatment outcome after ovarian stimulation and timed-intercourse or intrauterine insemination (IUI). After patient age, it has been suggested that timing of insemination in relation to ovulation is probably the most important variable affecting the success of treatment. The objective of this study is to study the value of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration and occurrence of luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in timing insemination on the treatment outcome after follicular monitoring with timed-intercourse or intrauterine insemination, with or without ovarian stimulation.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of 2000 consecutive completed treatment cycles (637 timed-intercourse and …

Low Dose Intravenous Minocycline Is Neuroprotective After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Reperfusion In Rats, Lin Xu, Susan C. Fagan, Jennifer L. Waller, David Edwards, Cesar V. Borlongan, Jianqing Zheng, William D. Hill, Giora Feuerstein, David C. Hess

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Minocycline, a semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic, is an effective neuroprotective agent in animal models of cerebral ischemia when given in high doses intraperitoneally. The aim of this study was to determine if minocycline was effective at reducing infarct size in a Temporary Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion model (TMCAO) when given at lower intravenous (IV) doses that correspond to human clinical exposure regimens.

Methods

Rats underwent 90 minutes of TMCAO. Minocycline or saline placebo was administered IV starting at 4, 5, or 6 hours post TMCAO. Infarct volume and neurofunctional tests were carried out at 24 hr after TMCAO using …

Interdisciplinary Research And Publication Opportunites In Information Systems And Health Care, E. Vance Wilson, Nancy K. Lankton

Accounting Faculty Research

Healthcare is a large and growing industry that is experiencing major transformation in its information technology base. IS confronted similar transformations in other industries and developed theories and methods that should prove useful in healthcare applications. In turn, IS may benefit from incorporating knowledge from health informatics, a discipline that studies IT within medical and healthcare contexts. Despite the benefits, it is often a struggle for interdisciplinary researchers in IS and healthcare to publish their work, especially in journals directed toward IS audiences. In this paper, we outline strategies and resources to help ease this publication bottleneck. As a part …

University Of Texas At Tyler Catalog, 2004-2006, University Of Texas At Tyler

Catalogs

Archives Space instance: https://archivesspace.uttyler.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/22360

Did A Rising Tide Lift All Boats? The Nih Budget And Pediatric Research Portfolio, Daniel P. Gitterman, Robert S. Greenwood, Keith C. Kocis, Rick Mayes, Aaron N. Mckethan

Political Science Faculty Publications

This paper examines National Institutes of Health (NIH) pediatric research spending in absolute terms and relative to the doubling of the NIH overall budget between fiscal years 1998 and 2003. Pediatric spending increased by an average annual rate of 12.8 percent during the doubling period (almost on par with the NIH average annual growth rate of 14.7 percent). However, the proportion of the total NIH budget devoted to the pediatric portfolio declined from 12.3 to 11.3 percent. We offer recommendations for implementing existing commitments to strengthen the pediatric research portfolio and to protect the gains of the doubling period.

Drive, Incentive, And Reinforcement: The Antecedents And Consequences Of Motivation, Roy Wise

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The aim of scientific explanation is to characterize the important antecedents of observable (or at least objectively confirmable) events. Explanations of behavior in terms of motivational states are appeals to unobservable, internal events for interpretations of behavior that is variable under apparently constant external stimulus conditions (see, e.g., Brown, 1953; Hinde, 1960). To be identified as the cause of a behavior, the unobservable event or condition must preexist the behavioral event to be explained. A behavior cannot be explained by its consequences, though it may be explained as a consequence of similar events in the animal's history. Scientific explanation involves …

Relationship Between Extent Of Extracurricular Participation, Employment, And Substance Use Among Middle And High School Students, Lynn Hunt Long

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the relationship between student use of substances and extent of participation in school and/or community sponsored sport or nonsport activity. The study also examined student substance use and extent of participation in sport or nonsport activity together with extent of employment.

Data were provided by 24,699 public school youths who attended grades 6 through 12 and completed the 2001-2002 Duval Secondary Substance Use and Violence Survey: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors. Frequency tables, crosstabulation, chi-square tests, and loglinear analysis were used to analyze the data.

The study found: (a) a higher percentage of respondents who participated in 11 …

Muscle Fatigue And The Mechanisms For Task Failure, Sandra K. Hunter, Jacques Duchateau, Roger M. Enoka

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

An alternative approach in the study of muscle fatigue is to address the question, “What causes task failure during a fatiguing contraction?” This approach is described by considering how variation in the type of load supported and contraction intensity influence both the time to task failure and the centrally mediated adjustments in reflex activity and motor unit behavior