Digital Commons Network^™

Pharmacological And Non-Pharmacological Treatments For The Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (Nas)., A. K. Mangat, G. M. Schmölzer, W. K. Kraft

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Neonatal abstinence syndrome is defined by signs and symptoms of withdrawal that infants develop after intrauterine maternal drug exposure. All infants with documented in utero opioid exposure, or a high pre-test probability of exposure should have monitoring with a standard assessment instrument such as a Finnegan Score. A Finnegan score of >8 is suggestive of opioid exposure, even in the absence of declared use during pregnancy. At least half of infants in most locales can be treated without the use of pharmacologic means. For this reason, symptom scores will drive the decision for pharmacologic therapy. Nevertheless, all infants, regardless of …

Identification Of Novel Regulatory Genes In Apap Induced Hepatocyte Toxicity By A Genome-Wide Crispr-Cas9 Screen., Katherine Shortt, Daniel P. Heruth, Nini Zhang, Weibin Wu, Shipra Singh, Ding-You Li, Li Qin Zhang, Gerald J. Wyckoff, Lei S Qi, Craig A. Friesen, Shui Qing Ye

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used analgesic responsible for more than half of acute liver failure cases. Identification of previously unknown genetic risk factors would provide mechanistic insights and novel therapeutic targets for APAP-induced liver injury. This study used a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen to evaluate genes that are protective against, or cause susceptibility to, APAP-induced liver injury. HuH7 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells containing CRISPR-Cas9 gene knockouts were treated with 15 mM APAP for 30 minutes to 4 days. A gene expression profile was developed based on the 1) top screening hits, 2) overlap of expression data from APAP overdose studies, …

Critical Role Of Post-Transcriptional Regulation For Ifn-Γ In Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells, Fiamma Salerno, Aurelie Guislain, Julian J. Freen-Van Heeren, Benoit P. Nicolet, Howard A. Young, Monika C. Wolkers

United States Public Health Resources

Protective T cell responses against tumors require the production of Interferon gamma (IFN-γ). However, tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs) gradually lose their capacity to produce IFN-γ and therefore fail to clear malignant cells. Dissecting the underlying mechanisms that block cytokine production is thus key for improving T cell products. Here we show that although TILs express substantial levels of Ifng mRNA, post-transcriptional mechanisms impede the production of IFN-γ protein due to loss of mRNA stability. CD28 triggering, but not PD1 blocking antibodies, effectively restores the stability of Ifng mRNA. Intriguingly, TILs devoid of AU-rich elements within the 3ʹuntranslated region maintain stabilized …

Intermittent Fasting In Weight Management, Alyse Engen

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

Obesity is associated with a variety of medical conditions that adversely affect metabolic and cardiovascular health. In order for health care providers to adequately educate and promote weight management, they need to be aware of the various dietary regimens and the efficacy and adverse effects associated with each. The purpose of this study is to analyze research assessing the efficacy and health benefit of intermittent energy restriction and compare to the efficacy and health benefits of continuous energy restriction. This literature review assesses the efficacy, metabolic benefits, and cardiovascular benefits of both intermittent energy restriction and continuous energy restriction from …

A Paleolithic Diet Lowers Resistant Starch Intake But Does Not Affect Serum Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Concentrations In Healthy Women, Angela Genoni, Johnny Lo, Philippa Lyons-Wall, Mary C. Boyce, Claus T. Christophersen, Anthony Bird, Amanda Devine

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The Paleolithic diet excludes two major sources of fibre, grains and legumes. However, it is not known whether this results in changes to resistant starch (RS) consumption. Serum trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is produced mainly from colonic fermentation and hepatic conversion of animal protein and is implicated in CVD, but changes in RS intake may alter concentrations. We aimed to determine whether intake of RS and serum concentrations of TMAO varied in response to either the Paleolithic or the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE) diets and whether this was related to changes in food group consumption. A total of thirty-nine women …

The Influence Of Unpredictable, Fragmented Parental Signals On The Developing Brain, Laura M. Glynn, Tallie Z. Baram

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Mental illnesses originate early in life, governed by environmental and genetic factors. Because parents are a dominant source of signals to the developing child, parental signals - beginning with maternal signals in utero - are primary contributors to children’s mental health. Existing literature on maternal signals has focused almost exclusively on their quality and valence (e.g. maternal depression, sensitivity). Here we identify a novel dimension of maternal signals: their patterns and especially their predictability/unpredictability, as an important determinant of children’s neurodevelopment. We find that unpredictable maternal mood and behavior presage risk for child and adolescent psychopathology. In experimental models, fragmented/unpredictable …

Biotransformed Metabolites Of The Hop Prenylflavanone Isoxanthohumol, Hyun Jung Kim, Soon-Ho Yim, Fubo Han, Bok Yun Kang, Hyun Jin Choi, Da-Woon Jung, Darren R. Williams, Kirk R. Gustafson, Edward J. Kennelly, Ik-Soo Lee

Publications and Research

A metabolic conversion study on microbes is known as one of the most useful tools to predict the xenobiotic metabolism of organic compounds in mammalian systems. The microbial biotransformation of isoxanthohumol (1), a major hop prenylflavanone in beer, has resulted in the production of three diastereomeric pairs of oxygenated metabolites (2–7). The microbial metabolites of 1 were formed by epoxidation or hydroxylation of the prenyl group, and HPLC, NMR, and CD analyses revealed that all of the products were diastereomeric pairs composed of (2S)- and (2R)- isomers. The structures of these metabolic compounds were elucidated to be (2S,200S)- and (2R,200S)-40 …

Mus Musculus Deficient For Secretory Antibodies Show Delayed Growth With An Altered Urinary Metabolome, K. R. Simpfendorfer, N. Wang, D. L. Tull, D. P. De Souza, A. Nahid, A. Mu, D. M. Hocking, J. S. Pedersen, O. L. Wijburg, R. A. Strugnell, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) maintains the integrity of epithelial barriers by transporting polymeric antibodies and antigens through the epithelial mucosa into the lumen. In this study, we examined the role of pIgR in maintaining gut barrier integrity, which is important for the normal development in mice. Methods: Cohorts of pIgR -/- mice and their wildtype controls were housed under Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) conditions and monitored for weight gain as an indicator of development over time. The general physiology of the gastrointestinal tract was analysed using immunohistochemistry in young (8-12 weeks of age) and …

Interplay Between Genetic Predisposition And Diet In Advancing Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes In The Tallyho Mouse, Jacaline Parkman

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Obesity is a global epidemic, affecting all ages. It is one of the leading causes of preventable death, as it increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and some cancers. Obesity is a complex disease that is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors such as diets high in fat and sedentary life style. Despite our increased knowledge of obesity development and progression, current obesity treatments have not stopped the rise in obesity rates. There are still many unknowns related to the underlying mechanisms of obesity that need to be …

Potential Applications Of Capsaicinoids In Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy, Jamie Rae Friedman

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. Lung cancer is not a single disease but an umbrella that encompasses two major classifications, nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). SCLC represents about 15- 20% of all lung cancer cases and is almost exclusively diagnosed in smokers. Typically, patients will respond very well to first line treatment, but face inevitable relapse. The fact that SCLC still carries a grim 5-year survival rate of less than 5% highlights the lack of advancement in treatment options to effectively improve patient response and survival. …

Endogenous Antioxidant Overexpression As An Adjuvant To Diet Or Exercise Intervention As Therapy To Counteract Obesity And Beneficially Shift The Gut Microbiome, Deborah Lynn Amos

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Oxidative stress plays a key role in metabolic syndrome which includes obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. It is implicated that oxygen-derived free radicals generated during the mitochondrial electron transport chain alter the function of specific biological components, thus activating obesogenic pathways such as glucose and lipid signaling. Research on this topic is of vital importance as obesity is a high-risk factor in the development and progression of severe, debilitating, life-threatening maladies such as cardiometabolic diseases, chronic inflammatory pathologies, and cancer. Furthermore, there is no universal effective therapy to combat the rising rates of obesity with over 1.9 billion (39%) adults classified …

Fusion, 2019, George Washington University, William H. Beaumont Medical Research Honor Society

Fusion

No abstract provided.

In Vivo Gene Essentiality And Metabolism In Bordetella Pertussis, Laura A. Gonyar, Patrick E. Gelbach, Dennis G. Mcduffe, Alexander F. Koeppel, Qing Chen, Gloria Lee, Louise M. Temple, Scott Stibitz, Erik L. Hewlwtt, Jason A. Papin, F. Heath Damron, Joshua C. Eby

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough, a serious respiratory illness affecting children and adults, associated with prolonged cough and potential mortality. Whooping cough has reemerged in recent years, emphasizing a need for increased knowledge of basic mechanisms of B. pertussis growth and pathogenicity. While previous studies have provided insight into in vitro gene essentiality of this organism, very little is known about in vivo gene essentiality, a critical gap in knowledge, since B. pertussis has no previously identified environmental reservoir and is isolated from human respiratory tract samples. We hypothesize that the metabolic capabilities of B. pertussis …

Tissue-Specific Metabolic Profiles After Prolonged Cardiac Arrest Reveal Brain Metabolome Dysfunction Predominantly After Resuscitation, J. Choi, M. Shoaib, T. Yin, G. Nayyar, Shinozaki, G. F. Stevens, L. B. Becker, J. Kim

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Naktide Targeted To Adipocytes Ameliorates Western Diet Induced Obesity, Rebecca D. Pratt

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic and is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome. It is believed that cellular oxidant stress plays a key role in both the development and maintenance of obesity as well as its associated comorbidities such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We have previously reported that systemic administration of pNaKtide, which targets the Na/K-ATPase oxidant amplification loop was able to decrease oxidative stress and adiposity in mice fed a high fat and fructose supplemented western diet (WD). As adipocytes are believed to play an active role in the development of obesity and …

Wasted Money In United States Biomedical And Agricultural Animal Research, Jim Keen

Biomedicine and Animal Models in Research Collection

Biomedical and agricultural animal research uses millions of experimental animals and dozens of animal species each year by choice, precedent, or regulatory mandate in basic and applied life science research and toxicity testing of drugs, chemicals, and consumer products. Animal research is a large component of the international us$270 billion government-subsidized, biomedical industrial ecosystem (Chakma et al., 2014). In the United States (us) and presumably elsewhere, about half of these funds support animal research and testing (Institute of Medicine and National Research Council, 2012). Each year at least 115 million experimental animals (mostly mice and likely a significant underestimate) are …

Animal Research For Alzheimer Disease: Failures Of Science And Ethics, John J. Pippin, Sarah E. Cavanaugh, Francesca Pistollato

Biomedicine and Animal Models in Research Collection

This chapter addresses the epidemiology and current understanding of AD as a scientific and societal challenge, reviews the uses and results of animal research in basic science and drug development, and discusses risk factors and funding. Important follow-up topics, including current and in-development, human-relevant approaches for replacement of the failed animal research paradigm, deserve comparable treatment and hence are not addressed here. The reader is referred to the list of recommended readings at the end of the chapter for further discussion of these topics.

Antibodies In The Diagnosis, Prognosis, And Prediction Of Psychotic Disorders., Thomas A Pollak, Jonathan P Rogers, Robert G Nagele, Mark Peakman, James M Stone, Anthony S David, Philip Mcguire

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Blood-based biomarker discovery for psychotic disorders has yet to impact upon routine clinical practice. In physical disorders antibodies have established roles as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive (theranostic) biomarkers, particularly in disorders thought to have a substantial autoimmune or infective aetiology. Two approaches to antibody biomarker identification are distinguished: a "top-down" approach, in which antibodies to specific antigens are sought based on the known function of the antigen and its putative role in the disorder, and emerging "bottom-up" or "omics" approaches that are agnostic as to the significance of any one antigen, using high-throughput arrays to identify distinctive components of the …

Obesity: Modern Medicine Vs. Lifestyle, Jenny Christianson

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Obesity is a rising epidemic, and is one of the most common, costly and preventable health problems the world is experiencing today (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, [CDC], 2017).

• From this, it is important to establish an effective treatment plan that can be implemented across the nation for maximum patient benefit.

• Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise are important to any health care plan and are equally necessary to reduce health risks. However, in certain patients, lifestyle changes are not enough due to the maladaptive biologic process in their brain. Thus, additional treatment options need …

The Effect Of Moderate Alcohol Consumption On Sodium-Dependent Nutrient Co-Transport In Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vitro And In Vivo, Molly Rae Butts

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: Alcohol consumption leads to a variety of different health consequences including cardiovascular disease, cancer and malnutrition. This malnutrition is in part due to a sub-optimal diet but also due to the malabsorption of nutrients along the small intestine. Many studies have shown that ethanol directly decreases nutrient absorption along the small intestine; however, few studies have investigated the effect of a moderate dose of ethanol on the transmembrane nutrient co-transporters that line the brush border membrane of the small intestine. The primary fuel source for the small intestine, glutamine, as well as for the entire body, glucose, are …

Total Salivary Protein Concentration And Its Correlation To Dental Caries, Emyli Peralta

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, dental cavities are the number one chronic disease in children. Saliva coats the teeth all day and can serve many functions to maintain and protect teeth. Saliva has many proteins that can be both detrimental and essential to the preservation of tooth enamel. The purpose of this study is to determine if a correlation exists between the total protein concentration in saliva and the prevalence of cavities in the mouth. We hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation with total salivary protein concentration and the prevalence of cavities in the participant. Methods: …

Health Care Evolves From Reactive To Proactive., Scott A. Waldman, Andre Terzic

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Decoding health and disease pathways drives healthcare evolution. Historically, therapeutic paradigms have relied on interventions that mitigate symptoms of established diseases. Increasingly, molecular insights into pathophysiology now provide unprecedented opportunities to offer curative solutions or even prevent disease and thereby secure longitudinal wellness. These opportunities extend past individual patients to entire populations and geographies. Moreover, they optimize prospective healthspan across lifespan. Linking discovery science and its translatable innovations beyond reactive disease intervention to proactive prevention will maximize society’s returns creating the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people globally.

Resistance Training Volume Enhances Muscle Hypertrophy But Not Strength In Trained Men, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Bret Contreras, James Krieger, Jozo Grgic, Kenneth Delcastillo, Ramon Belliard, Andrew Alto

Publications and Research

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate muscular adaptations between low-, moderate-, and high-volume resistance training protocols in resistance-trained men.

Methods: Thirty-four healthy resistance-trained men were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: a low-volume group performing one set per exercise per training session (n = 11), a moderate-volume group performing three sets per exercise per training session (n = 12), or a high-volume group performing five sets per exercise per training session (n = 11). Training for all routines consisted of three weekly sessions performed on nonconsecutive days for 8 wk. Muscular strength was evaluated with …

Metabolism Reprogramming In Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Human Lung Carcinogenesis, James Tate Fortin Wise

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences

Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is an established human carcinogen that is a worldwide environmental health concern. It is well understood that reactive oxygen species, genomic instability, and DNA damage repair deficiency are important contributors to Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis. After decades of research some cancer hallmarks remain understudied for the mechanism of Cr(VI) carcinogenesis. Dysregulated cellular energetics have been established as a hallmark of cancer. Energy pathways that become dysregulated in cancer include mitochondrial respiration, lipogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, one carbon metabolism, and increased anaerobic glycolysis in the presence of oxygen or ‘Warburg effect’.

To investigate metabolism changes in Cr(VI) carcinogenesis, we exposed …

การศึกษานำร่องประสิทธิภาพของการใช้ Hirsuit G2b ในการฟื้นฟูผมสีเทาให้กลับมามีสีธรรมชาติ, วรภัทร ลิ้มสุทธิวันภูมิ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ที่มา: ผมขาวเป็นกระบวนการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกิดขึ้นตามวัย (chronological aging) โดยไม่ขึ้นกับเพศ และเป็นสาเหตุทำให้ผู้ป่วยเสียความมั่นใจในตัวเอง แต่ปัจจุบันงานวิจัยเกี่ยวกับวิธีการรักษาผมขาวมีจำกัด การรักษาหลัก คือการย้อมผม วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อประเมินประสิทธิภาพและความปลอดภัยของการใช้ HIRSUIT G2B ในการฟื้นฟูผมสีเทาให้กลับมามีสีธรรมชาติในผู้ชาย วิธีการศึกษา: อาสาสมัครเพศชายที่มีปริมาณผมขาวบริเวณขมับอย่างน้อยร้อยละ 30 จำนวน 24 คน ทาผลิตภัณฑ์วิจัย HIRSUIT G2B บริเวณขมับ 2 ข้าง วันละ 2 ครั้ง 24 สัปดาห์ ประเมินผลการรักษาโดย ดูการเปลี่ยนแปลงจำนวนผมสีขาวไปเป็นสีเทา หรือ สีดำ ด้วยเครื่อง FotoFinder Trichovision®, วัดค่าดัชนีความสว่าง ด้วยเครื่อง Chroma meter และ การประเมินผลการตอบสนองทางคลินิกในภาพรวม โดยใช้ Investigator Photographic Assessment Questionnaire (IPAQ) โดยเปรียบเทียบรูปภาพที่บันทึกจากกล้องดิจิตอล กับ เครื่อง VISIA® Complexion Analysis (โหมดมาตรฐาน และยูวี) เก็บข้อมูลก่อน และหลังการรักษาที่ 4, 8, 12 และ 24 สัปดาห์ ผลการศึกษา: จากผลการศึกษาพบว่า จำนวนผมขาวเฉลี่ยลดลงอย่างมีนัยสำคัญจาก 18.39 ± 12.9 เป็น 17 ± 12.7 เส้น ที่ 24 สัปดาห์ (P < .001) การวิเคราะห์กลุ่มย่อย พบ กลุ่มอาสาสมัครที่ตอบสนองดี (จำนวนผมสีขาวเฉลี่ยลดลง มากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ ร้อยละ 10) มีระยะเวลาเฉลี่ยที่มีภาวะผมขาว เท่ากับ 6.6 ปี น้อยกว่า กลุ่มอาสาสมัครที่ตอบสนองไม่ดี (จำนวนผมสีขาวเฉลี่ยลดลง น้อยกว่า ร้อยละ 10) ที่มีระยะเวลาเฉลี่ยที่มีภาวะผมขาว เท่ากับ 11.58 ปี แต่ไม่ต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ ส่วนอายุเฉลี่ยที่เริ่มมีภาวะผมขาว ในกลุ่มอาสาสมัครที่ตอบสนองดี กับ กลุ่มอาสาสมัครที่ตอบสนองไม่ดี ไม่แตกต่างกัน, ค่าเฉลี่ยดัชนีความสว่างลดลงอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ ที่ 24 สัปดาห์ โดยลดลง 6.37 จากค่าเริ่มต้นที่ 26.89 ± 8.66 ([95% CI, -8.03 ถึง -4.71]; P <0.001) ขณะที่ investigator photographic assessment questionnaire พบว่าค่า median (range) ของคะแนนที่ 24 สัปดาห์ เท่ากับ 1+ (0 – 2+) เพิ่มขึ้นจากที่ 4 สัปดาห์ ซึ่งเท่ากับ 0 (0 – 1+) อย่างมีนัยยะสำคัญทางสถิติ (p < .001) นอกจากนี้ สัดส่วนของผู้ที่ตอบสนองต่อการรักษา (คะแนนมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ 1+) เพิ่มขึ้นจากร้อยละ 45.5 ที่ 4 สัปดาห์ เป็นร้อยละ 81.8 ที่ 24 สัปดาห์ แต่ไม่มีผู้ตอบสนองต่อการรักษาระดับดีมาก (คะแนนเท่ากับ 3+) ในแง่ความปลอดภัย หลังจากใช้ยาไป 4 สัปดาห์ พบว่าอาสาสมัครมีอาการคัน 2 คน, ระคายเคือง 2 คน โดยอาการเป็นชั่วคราว หายเอง ไม่ต้องรับการรักษา อย่างไรก็ตามเมื่อติดตามไปจนถึงสัปดาห์ที่ 24 ไม่พบอาสาสมัครที่มาอาการคัน หรือ ระคายเคือง สรุปผล: การทาผลิตภัณฑ์วิจัย HIRSUIT G2B ทำให้เส้นผมสีเข้มขึ้น โดยจำนวนผมขาวจะกลายเป็นสีดำมากขึ้น หากระยะเวลาที่มีผมขาวไม่นาน นอกจากนี้ หากระยะเวลาการทานานขึ้น อาจจะเห็นผลการรักษามากขึ้น และ ไม่พบผลข้างเคียงรุนแรง

Effects Of Different Dietary Energy Intake Following Resistance Training On Muscle Mass And Body Fat In Bodybuilders: A Pilot Study, Alex S. Ribeiro, João Pedro Nunes, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Andreo F. Aguiar, Edilson S. Cyrino

Publications and Research

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different amounts of energy intake in combination with progressive resistance training on muscle mass and body fat in bodybuilders. Eleven male bodybuilders (26.8 ± 2.3 years, 90.1 ± 9.7 kg, and 176.9 ± 7.1 cm) were randomly assigned into one of two groups: a group that ingested higher amounts of energy (G1, 67.5 ± 1.7 kcal/kg/d, n = 6), and a group that ingested moderate amounts of energy (G2, 50.1 ± 0.51 kcal/kg/d, n = 5). Both groups performed resistance training 6 days per week over a 4-week study …

Is Leptin Receptor Expression Triggered In The Case Of Embryo Transfer To Endometrium Coculture?, İskender Kaplanoğlu, Gülnur Take Kaplanoğlu, Özgür Çinar, Güleser Göktaş, Serdar Di̇lbaz, Cemi̇le Merve Seymen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: A synchronized dialogue between maternal and embryonic tissues is required for successful implantation. Low uterine receptivity is responsible for two-thirds of implantation failures and leptin is effective in the physiology of reproduction by binding to specific receptors. In this study, we investigateleptin receptor expression in cases of embryo transfer to endometrial coculture. Materials and methods: Biopsy materials were taken from 20 females with indication for coculture application and were cultured in an appropriate medium after the epithelial cells were isolated. The grown cells were cultured in chamber slides as the first group. For the second group, day 3 embryo …

Association Between Ppargc1a Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms And Increased Risk Of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Iranian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Leila Saremi, Shirin Lotfipanah, Masumeh Mohammadi, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Zahra Hosseini-Khah, Behrooz Johari, Zohreh Saltanatpour

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Environmental and genetic factors may play a major role in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among people with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Based on the fact that PGC-1?, as the protein encoded by the PPARGC1A gene, plays a key role in energy metabolism pathways, it has been hypothesized that polymorphisms within the PPARGC1Agene may be associated with increased risks of NAFLD. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the Gly482Ser polymorphism (rs8192678) within the PPARGC1A gene and its association with the increased risk of NAFLD in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and methods: …

Understanding Diabetes Through Pathway Analysis Evaluation, London Cavaletto

Research Opportunities for Engineering Undergraduates (ROEU) Program 2018-19

Metabolic disorders affect many people and identifying significantly perturbed biological processes in a metabolic disease can provide valuable insight into the disease’s mechanisms. Evaluating the proposed Metabolic Pathway Analysis Method (RAMP) will enable us to reliably use it to identify significantly perturbed metabolic pathways that could help identify disease mechanisms and potential therapy targets or disease bio-markers of a metabolic disorder.

การเปรียบเทียบการเกิดภาวะเอียงของกระดูกเชิงกรานขณะวิ่งที่ระดับความหนักปานกลางในกลุ่มนักวิ่งมือใหม่และนักวิ่งสันทนาการเพศหญิง, หทัยภัทร ทิพยุทธ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของการวิ่งที่ระดับความหนักปานกลางต่อระยะเวลาการเกิดภาวะเอียงของกระดูกเชิงกราน (pelvic drop) ในนักวิ่งมือใหม่ และนักวิ่งสันทนาการเพศหญิง และศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างแนวการเอียงของกระดูกเชิงกราน (pelvic alignment)กับอัตราการเต้นของหัวใจ (heart rate; HR), การใช้ออกซิเจน (VO2 uptake), ค่าความรู้สึกเหนื่อย (Rating of Perceived Exertion; RPE), ค่าความรู้สึกล้าของขา (Rating of Perceived Exertion for legs; RPElegs) และความล้าของกล้ามเนื้อ Gluteus medius และ Gluteus maximus กลุ่มตัวอย่างในงานวิจัยครั้งนี้อายุระหว่าง 18 - 35 ปี เป็นนักวิ่งมือใหม่ (ประสบการณ์น้อยกว่า 1 ปี) 27 คน และนักวิ่งสันทนาการ (ประสบการณ์ 2 - 4 ปี) 27 คน ซึ่งทั้งสองกลุ่มได้รับการทดสอบประสิทธิภาพการใช้ออกซิเจนสูงสุด (VO2max) และวิ่งบนลู่วิ่ง 30 นาที ที่ระดับความหนักปานกลางที่อัตราเร็วที่เลือกเอง (นักวิ่งมือใหม่; 5.87 ± 0.62 กม./ชม. vs. นักวิ่งสันทนาการเพศหญิง; 6.44 ± 0.58 กม./ชม.) โดยอยู่ในช่วงอัตราการเต้นหัวใจที่ 40 - 59% ของอัตราการเต้นหัวใจสำรองสูงสุด (heart rate reserve; HRR) ขณะทดสอบบนลู่วิ่ง 30 นาที นักวิ่งทั้งสองกลุ่มจะถูกบันทึกค่าอัตราการเต้นของหัวใจ, การใช้ออกซิเจน, ค่าความรู้สึกเหนื่อย, ค่าความรู้สึกล้าของขา และวัดการทำงานของกล้ามเนื้อ (muscle activity) จากสัญญาณไฟฟ้า (electromyography; EMG) ที่กล้ามเนื้อ Gluteus medius และ Gluteus maximus ทุก ๆ …