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Translocation Of Shed Syndecan-1 To The Nucleus: A Novel Mechanism Of Tumor-Host Crosstalk, Mark Stewart Jan 2014

Translocation Of Shed Syndecan-1 To The Nucleus: A Novel Mechanism Of Tumor-Host Crosstalk, Mark Stewart

All ETDs from UAB

Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy of plasma cells that disseminates throughout the body. Crosstalk between myeloma and host cells is critical to the establishment of a microenvironment conducive to tumor growth and progression. An important mediator of this crosstalk is syndecan-1, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Syndecan-1 is proteolytically shed from the surface of myeloma cells and is abundant in the bone marrow microenvironment and serum of myeloma patients. Shed syndecan-1 facilitates tumor-host crosstalk within the microenvironment to drive tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. We now report for the first time that shed syndecan-1 can be taken up by a …

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Usp16 And Histone H2a Deubiquitination In Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Function, Wei Yang Jan 2014

Usp16 And Histone H2a Deubiquitination In Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Function, Wei Yang

All ETDs from UAB

In eukaryotic cells, genomic DNA is packaged into a chromatin structure by association with histone and non-histone proteins. Posttranslational modifications of histones play important roles in the regulation of chromatin structure and function. Ubiquitination of histone H2A (ubH2A) represents a predominate modification, occurring on ~10% of total cellular H2A. While H2A ubiquitination is primarily conferred by Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1), H2A deubiquitination has been attributed to multiple H2A deubiquitinases. Our laboratory previously reported the purification and functional characterization of a H2A-specific deubiquitinase, USP16 (initially named as Ubp-M) in human cells. However, whether USP16 represents a general and important regulator …

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Multiple Human Itgam Variants Alter Mac-1, Fcgamma Receptor And Tlr Functions On Neutrophils, Yebin Zhou Jan 2014

Multiple Human Itgam Variants Alter Mac-1, Fcgamma Receptor And Tlr Functions On Neutrophils, Yebin Zhou

All ETDs from UAB

Multiple studies have demonstrated that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ITGAM locus (including the non-synonymous SNPs rs1143679, rs1143678 and rs1143683) are associated with SLE. ITGAM encodes the protein CD11b, a subunit of the ß2 integrin Mac-1. The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of ITGAM genetic variation on the biological functions of neutrophil Mac-1. Neutrophils from ITGAM genotyped and sequenced healthy donors were isolated for functional studies. The phagocytic capacity of neutrophil ITGAM variants was probed with complement coated erythrocytes, serum treated zymosan, heat treated zymosan and IgG coated erythrocytes. The adhesion capacity of ITGAM variants, in …

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Expression Of The Influenza Protein M2 During Viral Infection Inhibits Cftr Activity, James David Londino Jan 2014

Expression Of The Influenza Protein M2 During Viral Infection Inhibits Cftr Activity, James David Londino

All ETDs from UAB

The purpose of these dissertation studies was to 1) determine whether influenza infection alters CFTR activity in polarized epithelium; 2) measure CFTR expression and activity in cells co-expressing influenza M2 protein; and 3) examine the role of M2 on the alteration of CFTR during viral infection. We determined that infection of polarized primary epithelial cells with influenza decreases CFTR expression and activity. In addition, individual cells infected with influenza had decreased CFTR conductance as measured by whole-cell patch clamp. We also found that the influenza ion channel, matrix protein 2 (M2), alone reduced CFTR expression and activity. M2 is expressed …

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Effects Of Short-Term Hyperglycemia On The Vasoconstriction Of The Aorta, Soner Dönmez, Osman Gökalp, Mustafa Doğan, Hüseyi̇n Vural, Barbaros Yi̇ği̇t Jan 2014

Effects Of Short-Term Hyperglycemia On The Vasoconstriction Of The Aorta, Soner Dönmez, Osman Gökalp, Mustafa Doğan, Hüseyi̇n Vural, Barbaros Yi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate vasoconstrictor responses of healthy blood vessels to short-term hyperglycemic conditions such as postprandial hyperglycemia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and steroid-induced diabetes. Materials and methods: Female Wistar rat aorta rings were incubated in normal (11 mM) and high (22 mM and 44 mM) glucose concentrations for 4 h. Responses of vasoconstriction were measured in reaction to serotonin (10-5 M), phenylephrine (10-6 M), and KCl (60 mM) compared to the ambient condition, including different glucose concentrations. Results: While the responses of vasoconstriction to KCl were increased in the presence of Krebs' solution with high glucose, no statistically significant changes were observed …

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Is The Combined Use Of Insulin Resistance Indices, Including Adipokines, More Reliable In Metabolic Syndrome?, Bi̇rgül Kural, Orhan Değer, Ci̇hangi̇r Erem, Fulya Balaban Yücesan, Rezzan Ali̇yazicioğlu, Yaşam Barlak Jan 2014

Is The Combined Use Of Insulin Resistance Indices, Including Adipokines, More Reliable In Metabolic Syndrome?, Bi̇rgül Kural, Orhan Değer, Ci̇hangi̇r Erem, Fulya Balaban Yücesan, Rezzan Ali̇yazicioğlu, Yaşam Barlak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To determine the levels of adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin) and the indices of insulin sensitivity/resistance, and to examine the relationship among them in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Materials and methods: The study groups included 45 subjects with MetS (31 women/14 men), and 45 sex-and age-matched non-MetS healthy volunteers (31 women/14 men). The levels of adipokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The levels of leptin and visfatin were significantly higher in the MetS than in the non-MetS subjects (P < 0.01). There was no difference in adiponectin levels in subjects with and without MetS (P = 0.052). Similarly, resistin did not show any statistically significant difference. A statistically significant positive correlation of leptin with insulin levels was observed, while negative correlations of visfatin levels with age, and resistin levels with the ratio of adiponectin to leptin, were found in the MetS (P < 0.05). The combination of adipokines, insulin resistance-sensitivity parameters, and MetS criteria parameters gave more significant differences than a single parameter. Conclusion: Since the parameters mentioned above might affect, interact with, and/or interfere with each other, the combinations of these parameters might give more reliable results to evaluate the insulin resistance/sensitivity in MetS patients.

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Induction Of A Type I Interferon Signature In Normal Human Monocytes By Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents: Comparison Of Linear And Macrocyclic Agents., Peter J. Wermuth, Sergio A. Jimenez Jan 2014

Induction Of A Type I Interferon Signature In Normal Human Monocytes By Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents: Comparison Of Linear And Macrocyclic Agents., Peter J. Wermuth, Sergio A. Jimenez

Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine Papers and Presentations

The gadolinium-based contrast agent (GdBCA) Omniscan activates human macrophages through Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and TLR-7 signalling. To explore the mechanisms responsible we compared the ability of linear and macrocyclic GdBCA to induce a type I interferon signature and a proinflammatory/profibrotic phenotype in normal human monocytes in vitro. Expression of genes associated with type I interferon signalling and inflammation and production of their corresponding proteins were determined. Both linear and macrocyclic GdBCA stimulated expression of multiple type I interferon-regulated genes and the expression of numerous chemokines, cytokines and growth factors in normal human peripheral blood monocytes. There was no correlation between …

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Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine Levels In Chronic Hemodialysis Patients, Aydin Çi̇fci̇, Sali̇h İnal, Coşkun Kaya Jan 2014

Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine Levels In Chronic Hemodialysis Patients, Aydin Çi̇fci̇, Sali̇h İnal, Coşkun Kaya

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate serum asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) levels in maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients and to assess their potential correlations with C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and cholesterol levels as the established cardiovascular and nutritional parameters. Materials and methods: Forty-nine patients on maintenance HD treatment and 22 healthy volunteers with similar age and sex characteristics were recruited into the study. Serum albumin, CRP, creatinine, calcium, phosphate, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hemoglobin, white blood cell counts, and serum ADMA levels were measured. Results: HD patients had significantly higher ADMA levels compared with healthy controls (0.51 ± 0.25 …

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Endothelial Dysfunction And Insulin Resistance In Young Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Mi̇ne Yavuz Taşlipinar, Nedret Kiliç, Ni̇lüfer Bayraktar, İsmai̇l Güler, Yasemi̇n Gülcan Kurt, Tayfun Göktaş, Mehmet Zeki̇ Taner, Mehmet Özdemi̇r Hi̇mmetoğlu, Hali̇l Yaman, Abdullah Taşlipinar Jan 2014

Endothelial Dysfunction And Insulin Resistance In Young Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Mi̇ne Yavuz Taşlipinar, Nedret Kiliç, Ni̇lüfer Bayraktar, İsmai̇l Güler, Yasemi̇n Gülcan Kurt, Tayfun Göktaş, Mehmet Zeki̇ Taner, Mehmet Özdemi̇r Hi̇mmetoğlu, Hali̇l Yaman, Abdullah Taşlipinar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate whether there is a correlation between insulin resistance and nitric oxide-related endothelial dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Materials and methods: The study was conducted with 25 young women with PCOS and 25 young healthy women, between 18 and 35 years of age. Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, serum nitric oxide (NO) levels, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) rates were measured in both the patient and control groups. Results: Plasma ADMA levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients than in the controls (P = 0.001). Serum NO levels were significantly lower in patients …

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Evaluation Of Scleral-Fixated Intraocular Lens Position Anomalies By Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography, Ni̇hat Polat, Kemaletti̇n Kazim Devranoğlu, Mehmet Aki̇f Özdamar, Ceyhun Arici Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Scleral-Fixated Intraocular Lens Position Anomalies By Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography, Ni̇hat Polat, Kemaletti̇n Kazim Devranoğlu, Mehmet Aki̇f Özdamar, Ceyhun Arici

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To measure the positions of scleral-fixated intraocular lenses (IOLs) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to evaluate the influence of the position of scleral-fixated IOL on the quality of vision. Materials and methods: Twenty-six eyes of 26 patients were included in the study. The average age was 57.5 (11 to 78) years. Anterior segment images were taken using slit lamp optical coherence tomography (SL-OCT) and were used to evaluate the position of the IOL. Results: The average amounts of tilt and decentration were 2.25° ± 1.93° and 359.28 ± 194.70 µm, respectively. There was a positive and moderate …

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Protective Roles Of Cimin Grape Tissues On Oxidative Stress Markers In The Cellular System Model, Hüseyi̇n Avni̇ Uydu, Ari̇fe Pinar Eki̇nci̇, Mehtap Atak, Adem Demi̇r Jan 2014

Protective Roles Of Cimin Grape Tissues On Oxidative Stress Markers In The Cellular System Model, Hüseyi̇n Avni̇ Uydu, Ari̇fe Pinar Eki̇nci̇, Mehtap Atak, Adem Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To analyze the phenolic composition of the Cimin grape, which is 1 of 2 grape varieties with a protected geographical indication in Turkey and is used locally to treat the symptoms of some disorders such as impotence and cardiovascular diseases, and to investigate its antioxidant potency against oxidant mediators in the models of intra- and extracellular surroundings. Materials and methods: Cimin grape samples were classified into 5 groups according to the grape's tissues and the extraction solvents used. Free radical scavenging (DPPH) and antilipid peroxidation product [thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and conjugated diene (CD)] levels of the grape tissues …

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The Role Of Microrna In Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Inflammation And Acute Lung Injury, Roshni Rao Jan 2014

The Role Of Microrna In Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Inflammation And Acute Lung Injury, Roshni Rao

Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent activator of the Vβ8+T-cells leading to the proliferation of nearly 30% of the T-cell pool. As a consequence, excessive amounts of cytokine mediators are released leading to extensive tissue damage and sometimes toxic shock and death. Due to the ease with which SEB can be aerosolized anddisseminated, it is considered a biological weapon. In the current study, we investigated the pro-inflammatory effects of SEB in two mouse models of acute inflammatory lung injury. Specifically, while inflammatory cues are known to elicit changes in key transcriptional factors and gene expression, we explored for the …

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The Role Of Lim Kinase 1 And Its Substrates In Cell Cycle Progression, Lisa Ritchey Jan 2014

The Role Of Lim Kinase 1 And Its Substrates In Cell Cycle Progression, Lisa Ritchey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

LIM Kinase 1 (LIMK1), a modulator of actin and microtubule dynamics, has been shown to be involved in cell cycle progression. In this study we examine the role of LIMK1 in G1 phase and mitosis. We found ectopic expression of LIMK1 resulted in altered expression of p27Kip1, the G1 phase Cyclin D1/Cdk4 inhibitor. Overexpression of LIMK1 resulted in lower levels of p27Kip1 and p27Kip1-pY88 (inactive p27Kip1). Knockdown of LIMK1 resulted in elevated levels of p27Kip1 and p27Kip1-pY88. Together, these results suggest LIMK1 regulates progression of G1 phase through modulation of p27Kip1 expression. LIMK1 is involved in the mitotic process through …

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Host And Bacterial Determinants Of Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization In Humans, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan Jan 2014

Host And Bacterial Determinants Of Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization In Humans, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcus aureus (SA), an opportunistic pathogen colonizing the anterior nares in approximately 30% of the human population, causes severe hospital-associated and community-acquired infections. SA nasal carriage plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections and SA eradication from the nares has proven to be effective in reducing endogenous infections. To understand SA nasal colonization and its relation with consequent disease, assessment of nasal carriage dynamics among a diverse population and determining factors responsible for SA nasal carriage have become major imperatives. Here, we report on an extensive longitudinal monitoring of SA nasal carriage in 109 healthy individuals over …

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Clonal Comparison Of Acinetobacter Strains Isolated From Intensive Care Patients And The Intensive Care Unit Environment, Esra Kirkgöz, Yasemi̇n Zer Jan 2014

Clonal Comparison Of Acinetobacter Strains Isolated From Intensive Care Patients And The Intensive Care Unit Environment, Esra Kirkgöz, Yasemi̇n Zer

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most commonly encountered microorganisms in nosocomial infections. It is thought that strains found in the environment can be a source for contamination of patients by Acinetobacter strains that are resistant to environmental conditions. This study was carried out to compare Acinetobacter strains isolated from a variety of nonviable environments and from patients in intensive care units (ICUs), and to explore whether environmental areas may be a source for bacterial contamination. Materials and methods: We studied A. baumannii strains isolated from ICU patients. When A. baumannii was isolated from the clinical sample of a patient, …

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Attitudes Towards Influenza Vaccination In High Socioeconomic Status Turkish Parents, Suzan Gündüz, Çi̇ğdem Nüket Yüksel, Hale Bozkurt Aktoprak, Meti̇n Canbal, Mehmet Kaya Jan 2014

Attitudes Towards Influenza Vaccination In High Socioeconomic Status Turkish Parents, Suzan Gündüz, Çi̇ğdem Nüket Yüksel, Hale Bozkurt Aktoprak, Meti̇n Canbal, Mehmet Kaya

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To better understand the knowledge, attitudes, and demographic factors that influence the rate of influenza vaccination among high socioeconomic status parents. Materials and methods: questionnaire exploring the attitudes of parents to the influenza vaccine, and their knowledge about influenza and its vaccination, was given to parents of children from 1 through 16 years of age attending the Turgut Özal University Hospital after the 2011/12 influenza season. Results: In the present study, 285 mothers and their children participated and 8.8% (n = 25) of children had the influenza vaccination. Between the vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups, there were statistically significantly differences for …

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The Effect Of Malaysian Honey And Its Major Components On The Proliferation Of Cultured Fibroblasts, Al-Mahdi Al-Jadi, Francis Kanyang Enchang, Kamaruddi̇n Mohd Yusoff Jan 2014

The Effect Of Malaysian Honey And Its Major Components On The Proliferation Of Cultured Fibroblasts, Al-Mahdi Al-Jadi, Francis Kanyang Enchang, Kamaruddi̇n Mohd Yusoff

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To examine, for the first time, the effect of a selected Malaysian honey and its major components on the proliferation of cultured fibroblasts. Materials and methods: Honey and some of its components, which include the sugars, the proteins, the hydrogen peroxide produced, and the phenolics, were exposed to cultured fibroblasts. The MTT colorimetric assay was used to assess cell viability and proliferation. Results: The stimulatory effect of honey on fibroblast proliferation was observed to be time- and dose-dependent. The continuous production of hydrogen peroxide by the honey-glucose oxidase system also acts to stimulate cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent …

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Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1, Liver Enzymes, And Insulin Resistance In Patients With Pcos And Hirsutism, Evri̇m Çakir, Oya Topaloğlu, Nujen Çolak Bozkurt, Başak Karbek Bayraktar, Aşkin Güngüneş, Müyesser Sayki Arslan, İlknur Öztürk Ünsal, Esra Tutal, Beki̇r Uçan, Tuncay Deli̇başi Jan 2014

Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1, Liver Enzymes, And Insulin Resistance In Patients With Pcos And Hirsutism, Evri̇m Çakir, Oya Topaloğlu, Nujen Çolak Bozkurt, Başak Karbek Bayraktar, Aşkin Güngüneş, Müyesser Sayki Arslan, İlknur Öztürk Ünsal, Esra Tutal, Beki̇r Uçan, Tuncay Deli̇başi

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are commonly seen in patients with hirsutism and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and are associated with cardiovascular disease risk. However, it is not yet known whether insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and alanine transaminase (ALT) produced by the liver play roles in hyperinsulinemia and subclinical atherosclerotic process in patients with PCOS and idiopathic hirsutism (IH). Materials and methods: This was a prospective case-controlled study. The study population consisted of 25 reproductive-age PCOS women, 33 women with IH, and 25 control subjects. Results: Mean IGF-I levels and median ALT levels were higher in patients with IH and …

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A Comparison Of The Generation Of Free Radicals In Saliva Of Active And Passive Smokers, Murat Demi̇rtaş, Ünal Şenel, Sevda Yüksel, Mustafa Yüksel Jan 2014

A Comparison Of The Generation Of Free Radicals In Saliva Of Active And Passive Smokers, Murat Demi̇rtaş, Ünal Şenel, Sevda Yüksel, Mustafa Yüksel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To reveal any correlation between cigarette smoke and malondialdehyde (MDA) values in the saliva fluid of subjects who are active smokers or nonsmoking subjects who are exposed to cigarette smoke in their environments. Materials and methods: Saliva samples were taken from 3 groups: a control group (group 1), a group inhaling smoke passively (group 2), and a test group (group 3) smoking 20 cigarettes per day; each group consisted of 20 members, giving a total sample of 60 people, aged 20 to 45 years. MDA, which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, was measured via the colorimetric method. Results: Salivary …

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Anti Tnf-\Alpha Therapy Might Be Responsible For An Increased Incidence Of Varicocele In Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis, Ömer Yilmaz, Yunus Ugan, Mahmut Yener, Mehmet Umul, Mustafa Kayan, Aykut Recep Aktaş, Eli̇f Ni̇sa Ünlü, Bünyami̇n Kisacik, Bumi̇n Deği̇rmenci̇, Meltem Çeti̇n Jan 2014

Anti Tnf-\Alpha Therapy Might Be Responsible For An Increased Incidence Of Varicocele In Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis, Ömer Yilmaz, Yunus Ugan, Mahmut Yener, Mehmet Umul, Mustafa Kayan, Aykut Recep Aktaş, Eli̇f Ni̇sa Ünlü, Bünyami̇n Kisacik, Bumi̇n Deği̇rmenci̇, Meltem Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate the effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\alpha) therapy on the frequency of varicocele in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using color Doppler ultrasound. Materials and methods: The patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with AS who were on anti-TNF-\alpha treatment and patients with AS who were not regularly taking any antiinflammatory drugs. Thirty-one healthy volunteers were included as controls. Results: Left-sided varicocele was determined in 14 patients of Group 1 (44%), 10 patients of Group 2 (33%), and 7 of the controls (23%). There was a statistically significant difference only between Group 1 and controls (P = …

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Chronic Moderate Alcohol Consumption Induces Inos Expression In The Penis: An Immunohistochemical Study, Süheyla Gonca, Yusufhan Yazir, Semi̇l Selcen Göçmez, Eki̇m Nur Dalçik, Ti̇jen Utkan, Hakki Dalçik Jan 2014

Chronic Moderate Alcohol Consumption Induces Inos Expression In The Penis: An Immunohistochemical Study, Süheyla Gonca, Yusufhan Yazir, Semi̇l Selcen Göçmez, Eki̇m Nur Dalçik, Ti̇jen Utkan, Hakki Dalçik

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on metabolic alterations, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), immunohistochemical distribution, and morphological damage to penile erectile tissue in rats. Materials and methods: Male Wistar albino rats were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 rats (control group, n = 8) received tap water ad libitum, and group 2 rats (n = 8) were fed with 20% ethanol. Increasing levels of alcohol were given to the rats over 12 weeks. Immunohistochemistry was then performed using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique on 5-um thickness tissue sections. Stained sections were examined by imaging microscope. Results: Alcohol consumption resulted …

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Relation Of Age And Sex With Carotid Intima Media Thickness In Healthy Children, Ali̇ Koçyi̇ği̇t, Mustafa Doğan, İsmai̇l Yilmaz, Murat Çağlar, Celi̇le Hati̇poğlu, Fi̇gen Koçyi̇ği̇t, Duygu Herek, Nevzat Karabulut Jan 2014

Relation Of Age And Sex With Carotid Intima Media Thickness In Healthy Children, Ali̇ Koçyi̇ği̇t, Mustafa Doğan, İsmai̇l Yilmaz, Murat Çağlar, Celi̇le Hati̇poğlu, Fi̇gen Koçyi̇ği̇t, Duygu Herek, Nevzat Karabulut

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the age- and sex-associated carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) changes in healthy children to determine the age- and sex-specific normal range of values for childhood. Materials and methods: This study examined 91 healthy school-age children aged 7-15 years prospectively. Standardized sonographic cIMT measurements and analyses were performed. Body mass index and blood pressure were obtained, and atherosclerotic risk factors were investigated. Age-and sex-specific cIMT measurements for different age groups were calculated and the relation with sex was investigated. Results: Regarding the total study group, mean cIMT measurements for age groups 7-9, 10-12, and 13-15 years were 4.1 ± …

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Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow Changes After Panretinal Photocoagulation Treatment In Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy, Adem Türk, Cenap Mahmut Esenülkü, Nuretti̇n Akyol, Mehmet Kola, Hi̇dayet Erdöl, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m İmamoğlu Jan 2014

Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow Changes After Panretinal Photocoagulation Treatment In Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy, Adem Türk, Cenap Mahmut Esenülkü, Nuretti̇n Akyol, Mehmet Kola, Hi̇dayet Erdöl, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m İmamoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To prospectively assess the effects of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) treatment on pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDRP). Materials and methods: The study included 40 eyes with PDRP in 27 patients. The PRP treatments were completed in 3 sessions with 3-week intervals. The intraocular pressure (IOP), pulse amplitude (PA), pulse volume (PV), and POBF changes that arose during the sessions were recorded using a blood flow analyzer. Results: The average age of the patients was 57.37 ± 11.14 years. The pre-PRP basal IOP, PA, PV, and POBF values were 20.44 ± 4.13 mmHg, 4.23 ± …

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Immobilizing Mutation In An Unconventional Myosin15a Affects Not Only The Structure Of Mechanosensory Stereocilia In The Inner Ear Hair Cells But Also Their Ionic Conductances, Diana Syam Jan 2014

Immobilizing Mutation In An Unconventional Myosin15a Affects Not Only The Structure Of Mechanosensory Stereocilia In The Inner Ear Hair Cells But Also Their Ionic Conductances, Diana Syam

Theses and Dissertations--Medical Sciences

In the inner and outer hair cells (OHCs) of the inner ear, an unconventional myosin 15a localizes at the tips of mechanosensory stereocilia and plays an important role in forming and maintaining their normal structure. A missense mutation makes the motor domain of myosin 15a dysfunctional and is responsible for the congenital deafness DFNB3 in humans and deafness and vestibular defects in Shaker-2 (Sh2) mouse model. All hair cells of homozygous Shaker-2 mice (Myo15sh2/sh2) have abnormally short stereocilia, but, only stereocilia of Myo15sh2/sh2OHCs start to degenerate after the first few days of postnatal development …

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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (Pi3k) As A Therapeutic Target In Nsclc, Christopher W. Stamatkin Jan 2014

Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (Pi3k) As A Therapeutic Target In Nsclc, Christopher W. Stamatkin

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Deregulated activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is central to many human malignancies. The functions of this pathway are critical for normal cell metabolism, proliferation, and survival. In lung cancers, the PI3K pathway activity is often aberrantly driven by multiple mutations, including EGFR, KRAS, and PIK3CA. Molecules targeting the PI3K pathway are intensely investigated as potential anti-cancer agents. Although inhibitors of the pathway are currently in clinical trials, rational and targeted use of these compounds, alone or in combination, requires an understanding of isoform-specific activity in context. We sought to identify class IA PI3K enzyme (p110a/PIK3CA, p110b/PIK3CB, p110d/PIK3CD) activities using …

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Anti-Müllerian Hormone In Stallions And Mares: Physiological Variations, Clinical Applications, And Molecular Aspects, Anthony N.J. Claes Jan 2014

Anti-Müllerian Hormone In Stallions And Mares: Physiological Variations, Clinical Applications, And Molecular Aspects, Anthony N.J. Claes

Theses and Dissertations--Veterinary Science

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a homodimeric glycoprotein that is best known for its role in regression of the Müllerian duct in the male fetus. Accumulating evidence indicates that AMH also has an important role during different physiological processes after birth. In contrast to other species, relatively little is known about AMH in the horse. In chapter one, developmental and seasonal changes in serum AMH concentrations in male horses were determined, and the use of AMH for determination of retained cryptorchid testes was established. In chapter two, the interrelationship between plasma AMH concentrations, antral follicle counts (AFC), and age in mares …

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Chemopreventive Effects Of Pterostilbene In Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells, Phillip A. Zook Jan 2014

Chemopreventive Effects Of Pterostilbene In Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells, Phillip A. Zook

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Recent studies find that pterostilbene (PTS) exhibits more favorable drug properties and similar chemopreventive effects to its structural analogue resveratrol (RSV). However, few studies describe the activity of PTS in prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we conducted cell count experiments to assess the effects of PTS on metastatic PCa cell viability and to compare the potency of PTS to RSV in this respect. We also performed experiments to assess the effects of PTS on the androgen receptor (AR) and AR-mediated events. We used qPCR to measure the mRNA levels of the androgenresponsive gene (ARG), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and Western blots to …

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Effect Of Heme Oxygenase-1 On Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 Expression In Human Fibroblasts, Theresa A. Stangl Jan 2014

Effect Of Heme Oxygenase-1 On Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 Expression In Human Fibroblasts, Theresa A. Stangl

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) is an enzyme that plays a very important role in the resolution of inflammation. HO-1-based therapies are effective in a number of disease conditions. However, HO-1 also increases tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is an enzyme involved in physiological and pathophysiological tissue remodeling. Unbalanced expression of MMPs is a key feature of connective tissue destruction in chronic inflammatory conditions. Previously shown in this laboratory, the HO-1 inducer, hemin, increased MMP-3 mRNA expression in some HGF cultures. To assess whether HO-1 and/or its products regulate expression of MMP-3 in human fibroblasts, the effect of HO-1 …

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Evaluation Of Tissue-Engineered Tendon Enthesis Polymer Constructs, Joshua A. Bundy Bs, Mary Beth Wade Phd, Hitomi Nakao Md, Phillip Mcclellan Phd, Qing Yu Phd, Robin Jacquet-Childs Ms, William J. Landis Phd Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Tissue-Engineered Tendon Enthesis Polymer Constructs, Joshua A. Bundy Bs, Mary Beth Wade Phd, Hitomi Nakao Md, Phillip Mcclellan Phd, Qing Yu Phd, Robin Jacquet-Childs Ms, William J. Landis Phd

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Both scientists and clinicians have proposed tissue engineering as the future of medicine. The possibilities for tissue engineering, that is, fabrication of tissues and organs in the laboratory and their translation to patients, appear to be endless, and many believe that this new approach in medicine will result in abolishing many common ailments, injuries, and congenital defects. Injuries to a tendon enthesis, the normal tissue connection between tendon and bone, are of particular concern to clinicians because of their frequency and failure to repair as a result of surgery. While these injuries may not be life threatening, they can certainly …

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Relationship Between Placental Localisation, Birth Weight, Umbilical Doppler Parameters, And Foetal Sex, Müzeyyen Duran Erdolu, Aydin Köşüş, Nermi̇n Köşüş, Gülçi̇n Di̇lmen, Hasan Kafali Jan 2014

Relationship Between Placental Localisation, Birth Weight, Umbilical Doppler Parameters, And Foetal Sex, Müzeyyen Duran Erdolu, Aydin Köşüş, Nermi̇n Köşüş, Gülçi̇n Di̇lmen, Hasan Kafali

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between placental localisation, birth weight, and foetal sex. It also evaluates umbilical artery Doppler parameters and their relationship with placental localisation. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of 500 healthy pregnant women who gave birth at our university. All women had undergone a detailed ultrasound and Doppler examination at 20-23 weeks. The ultrasonography results of the patients were examined retrospectively. Foetal biometry, birth weight, and umbilical artery Doppler parameters were recorded and compared according to placental localisation. Results: Birth weight was significantly higher in foetuses with anteriorly located …

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