Digital Commons Network^™

Functional And Transcriptomic Changes In Synergy Of Endotoxin And (1->3)-Β-D-Glucan In Bone Marrow Derived Macrophage From Fc Gamma Receptor Iib Deficient Mice, Jiraphorn Issara-Amphorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a diverse array of clinical symptoms. There are many factors including environmental factors may trigger disease progression. In this study, we investigated the influence of spontaneous gut leakage upon polymicrobial sepsis in Fc gamma receptor IIb deficient (FcgRIIb-/-) mice aged 8 and 40 weeks, as representing asymptomatic and symptomatic lupus, respectively. The spontaneous gut leakage as determined by i) the level of serum FITC-dextran, ii) increased serum endotoxin (LPS), and iii) increased serum (1->3)-b-D-glucan (BG), were demonstrated in symptomatic FcgRIIb-/- mice, but not in asymptomatic group. Moreover, spontaneous gut leakage …

Effects Of Non-Albicans Candida Species On Biofilm Formation And Acidogenicity Of Dual-Species Biofilms And On Cariogenic Virulence Gene Expression Of Streptococcus Mutans, Wirunphat Sansanoa

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Early childhood caries is a common oral disease found in children which could affect their general health. Streptococcus mutans is an important cariogenic pathogen since it possesses cariogenic properties, which are acid production, acid tolerance and biofilm formation. Recent studies showed that Candida albicans, which is frequently found together with S. mutans in plaques of children with dental caries, enhances cariogenicity. At the same time, increasing prevalence of non-albicans Candida species (NACs) in children and immune-compromised patients has been reported. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of NACs when co-cultured with S. mutans on cariogenic properties and virulence …

Association Of Hypoxia Measured By Oxygen Desaturation Index (Odi) In Osa With Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-Kefs) Tests In Middle-Aged And Older Adults, Anthipa Chokesuwattanaskul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective: This study aims to study the cognitive profile, in particular, executive function, and structural changes of the brain in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with regards to the degree of hypoxia and the characteristics of hypoxia in middle-aged and older adults. Method: Newly diagnosed moderate or severe OSA patients from King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand were recruited. Respiratory parameters from the polysomnography, neuropsychological test results, and MRI brain of each participant were obtained. Results: Seventeen OSA patients were included in the study, 8 (47%) men and 9 (53%) women. The median age was 57 years and the median AHI was …

Electrocardiographic Qtc Interval Prolongation In Aging Thai Hiv Infected Population After Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: Ecg Thai-Haart Study, Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: the QTc interval prolongation is commonly found in HIV infected patients with some controversial data showed the association between ART and this condition. To date, there is no data of the QTc interval prolongation in the aging HIV infected patients with the usage of current HAART regimens. Method: we collected the data of the aging, 50 years old or more, ART-experience HIV infected patients in the HIV Netherland Australia Thailand research collaboration (HIV-NAT) who had digital ECG recorded to find the prevalence as a primary objective. The secondary objective is to find the associating factors of the QTc interval …

Intracellular Compartment-Specific Abnormalities In Proteasome Expression And Activity In The Superior Temporal Gyrus In Schizophrenia, Madeline R. Scott

All ETDs from UAB

Protein homeostasis is an emerging component of schizophrenia (SZ) pathophysiology. Proteomic alterations in SZ are well-documented; however the underlying mechanism driving these changes remains unknown. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is fundamental to protein homeostasis regulation, and UPS transcript abnormalities in both blood and brain have been observed in SZ. Supporting a role for UPS dysfunction in SZ, we have reported decreased protein expression of ubiquitin-associated proteins in SZ brain. However, previous work on the proteasome has been limited to transcript expression. In the following studies we sought to address this gap in knowledge by characterizing proteasome dysfunction in the …

Protective Effects Of Ghrelin On Kidney Tissue In Rats With Partial Ureteral Obstruction, Serhan Çi̇men, Cemal Taşdemi̇r, Ni̇gar Vardi, Burhan Ateş, Seda Taşdemi̇r, Ayla Özaydoğdu Çi̇men

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim was to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of ghrelin, which has antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity, on preventing kidney damage that occurs by induced partial ureteral obstruction in rats.Materials and methods: Twenty-eight adult male rats were included in the study, and the rats were divided into 4 groups. After the laparotomy operation on the sham group, the ureter was identified in the retroperitoneal area and was duly sutured (n = 7). Ghrelin was administered for seven days intraperitoneally, and after the nephrectomy performed on the 15th day, the rats were sacrificed (n = 7). A partial ureteral …

Vegetable Nitrate Intakes Are Associated With Reduced Self-Reported Cardiovascular-Related Complications Within A Representative Sample Of Middle-Aged Australian Women, Prospectively Followed Up For 15 Years, J.K. Jackson, Amanda J. Patterson, Lesley K. Macdonald-Wicks, Peta M. Forder, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Catherine P. Bondonno, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Natalie C. Ward, Carl Holder, Christopher Oldmeadow, Julie E. Byles, Mark A. Mcevoy

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Nitric oxide (NO) facilitates anti-atherosclerotic effects. Vegetables are a major source of dietary nitrate. Experimental data indicates that dietary nitrate can significantly reduce major risk factors for atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD), as nitrate can be metabolized to produce NO via the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the association between habitual dietary nitrate intakes and the incidence of self-reported CVD-related complications within a representative sample of middle-aged Australian women (1946–1951 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health). Women free from disease at baseline who had completed the food frequency questionnaire data …

Kinesiophobia And Related Factors In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients, Songül Bağlan Yentür, Sali̇ha Karatay, Deran Oskay, Abdurrahman Tufan, Hami̇t Küçük, Şemi̇nur Haznedaroğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study was designed to investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia and the level of physical activity, depression, disease activity, fatigue, pain, and quality of life in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Materials and methods: Seventy volunteer female patients were included in the study. Kinesiophobia, physical activity level, disease activity, fatigue, depression, pain, and quality of life were assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short Form (IPAQ), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), McGill Pain Questionnaire- Short Form (MPQ-SF) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), …

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Epidemiological, Clinical And Biological Profile, Hanane Zahir, Jihane Belkhir, Hanane Mouhib, Mustapha Ait Ameur, Mohammed Chakour

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a clinical, biological, and pathological entity that is rare but has certain morbidity that may be life-threatening. This work aims to establish a focus on the hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and analyze different aspects of diagnosis while emphasizing the biological data.Materials and methods: We report the results of a retrospective study conducted in the hematology department of Avicenna Hospital in Marrakesh. Thirty-one patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis were enrolled.Results: The clinical presentation was dominated by fever and deterioration of the general state for almost all our patients. Splenomegaly was objectified in 90% of the patients. Hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and …

Il-1rn Vntr, Il-2(-330), And Il-4 Vntr Gene Polymorphisms In Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Sinonasal Polyposis, Gökhan Kuran, Hüseyi̇n Aslan, Süheyl Haytoğlu, Özge Özalp Yüreği̇r, Sevcan Tuğ Bozdoğan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Sinonasal polyposis is a complex chronic disease displaying contributions from multiple genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we analyzed possible genetic factors that increase susceptibility to this widespread inflammatory disease. Materials and methods: A total of 176 adult patients, including 78 patients with sinonasal polyposis and 98 healthy controls, were analyzed for IL-1RN VNTR, IL-2(-330), and IL-4 VNTR gene polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction and enzyme restriction.Results: IL-1RN and IL-4 VNTR polymorphisms were notably associated with sinonasal polyposis (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.036, respectively); however, regarding the IL-2(-330) gene polymorphism, no significant difference was shown between …

What Have We Learned In Interventional Pulmonology In The Past Decade?, Mehmet Aki̇f Özgül, Erdoğan Çeti̇nkaya, Demet Turan, Efsun Gonca Uğur Chousein, Deni̇z Doğan, Ekrem Cengi̇z Seyhan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The increasing number of lung diseases and particularly pulmonary malignancies has intensified the need for diverse interventions in the field of interventional pulmonology. In recent years we have seen many new developments and expanding applications in the field of interventional pulmonology. This has resulted in an increased number and variety of performed procedures and differing approaches. The purpose of the present study is to provide information on patient characteristics, range of interventions, complication rates, and the evolving approach of an experienced center for interventional pulmonology. Materials and methods: We retrospectively examined the records of 1307 patients who underwent a …

Ultrasound-Guided Pulsed Radiofrequency Neuromodulation Of The Suprascapular Nerve In Partial Rotator Cuff Tears, Ender Si̇r, Sami̇ Eksert

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/Aim: Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) of the suprascapular nerve has been shown to be effective in the treatment of chronic shoulder pain. Ultrasound (US) guidance has gained popularity in regional blocks recently. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of suprascapular nerve pulsed radiofrequency under the guidance of ultrasonography. Materials and methods: This retrospective study included patients treated with PRF of the suprascapular nerve with a diagnosis of partial rotator cuff tears. The patients were assessed with a numeric rating scale (NRS), the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and a Likert patient satisfaction score before the treatment and 3 weeks …

The Validity And Reliability Of The Turkish Version Of The Physical Activity Scale For Individuals With Physical Disabilities (Pasipd), Kardem Ulaş, Semra Topuz, Gönül Horasan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study is to assess the validity and reliability of Turkish translation of thePhysical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD) in a disabled Turkish population.Materials and methods: Following the translation protocol of the PASIPD, the Turkish version of the PASIPD, Short Form-36, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire were administered to 198 developmentally and physically disabled individuals.Results: The Turkish version of the PASIPD was found to be reliable. The domains of the Turkish version of the PASIPD were also found to be valid. Four factors were obtained from the questionnaire. The ICC was 1.0 since …

Abdominal Girth Has A Strong Correlation With Actual And Ultrasound Estimated Epidural Depth, Mehmet Cantürk, Nazan Kocaoğlu, Meltem Hakki

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study aimed to assess the correlations of actual epidural depth (ND) and ultrasound estimated epidural depth in the paramedian sagittal oblique plane (ED/PSO) and transverse median plane (ED/TM) with the abdominal girth (AG), body mass index (BMI), and weight of patients. Materials and methods: One hundred and thirty patients of either sex scheduled for unilateral inguinal hernia repair were enrolled. ED/PSO and ED/TM were assessed with a 2-5 MHz curved array probe at the L3-4 intervertebral space. The epidural needle was marked with a sterile marker upon locating the epidural space. The ND was assessed by measuring the …

Is The Asymmetry Between The Vertebral Arteries Related To Cerebral Dominance?, Ahmet Vural, Esma Esi̇n Deri̇n Çi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The two vertebral arteries (VAs) are usually unequal in size; the left one is generally larger than the right one. It was hypothesized that the asymmetry results from the need of the dominant cerebral hemisphere for more glucose and oxygen, i.e. more blood supply. In this study, we aimed to test this hypothesis in patients by evaluating their arterial diameter and hand preference, as it is the most common criterion to determine the dominance of the hemisphere. Materials and methods: The study was performed with 844 participants who consented to participate in the study. We identified the dominant cerebral …

The Turkish Version Of The Modified Falls Efficacy Scale: Reliability And Validity From The Viewpoint Of Balance, Ni̇lüfer Çeti̇şli̇ Korkmaz, Mehmet Duray, Esra Doğru Hüzmeli̇, Hande Şenol

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The factors associated with fall-related self-efficacy should be addressed, especially in the elderly. The Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES) is a simple instrument with good scaling properties and reliability. The aim of the present study was to determine the reliability and the validity of the Turkish version of the MFES from the viewpoint of balance.Materials and methods: In this study, 164 participants aged >65 years were included. The use of walking aids and assistive devices, history and frequency of falls in the previous year, living environment, and exercise habits were noted. Balance and risk of falling were assessed with …

The Effect Of Hyperglycemic Peak Induced By Oral Glucose Tolerance Test On The Oxidant And Antioxidant Levels, Teki̇n Yildirim, Ayşe Yeşi̇m Göçmen, Zeynep Tuğba Özdemi̇r, Eli̇f Börekci̇, Eli̇f Turan, Yalçin Aral

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The possibility of adverse effects of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) carried out for the screening of gestational diabetes among pregnant women and fetuses is a frequently discussed topic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the hyperglycemia peak during OGTT on the levels of oxidants and antioxidants in the body.Materials and methods: Eighty individuals who applied to the Outpatient Clinic with suspected diabetes and OGTT indication were included in the study. Glucose, total oxidant capacity status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels were tested on blood …

Development And Psychometric Testing Of The Family Functioning Questionnaire In Rehabilitation (Ffqr), Hati̇ce Abaoğlu, Esra Aki

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The present study aimed to develop a reliable and valid assessment tool for measuring family functioning in rehabilitation. Materials and methods: Semistructured interviews were performed with 100 rehabilitation professionals working in pediatrics to identify the feature to be measured. The items determined with the qualitative analysis of the data were presented to 14 experts and content validity was provided. The questionnaire created based on the judgments of the experts was administered to 440 parents of children with special needs. Results: After validity and reliability analysis, the final version of the questionnaire comprised 48 items with four factors identified as …

Development Of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification For Rapid Detection Of Fungi In Peritoneal Dialysis, Tamonwan Chamroensakchai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Fungal peritonitis (FP) is a fatal complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Detection of fungal infection using standard culture is time-consuming and has a low sensitivity. While, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are often inapplicable in remote hospital and laboratory. In this study, Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay was developed for rapid and specific detection of fungi in peritoneal dialysis. LAMP primers were designed based on the conserved sequence of fungal 18s rRNA gene. The reaction was optimized for 60 min at 64 ◦C. The sensitivity of LAMP assay was 1 pg/reaction which is a hundred times more sensitive than that of …

Effect Of Early Media Multitasking On Behavioral Problems In School-Age Children, Pornchada Srisinghasongkram

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Screen Media Multitasking (SMM) or exposure to at least 2 electronic screen media devices concurrently, is universally increasing nowadays. We have already known about the association between single media use and child’s behaviors. However, the effects of SMM on children’s behavioral problems were not elucidated, especially at an early age. Objective: To determine the associations between screen media multitasking during early childhood and behavioral problems in school-age children. Methods: Two hundred and ninety-one (47.4% boys) healthy children were enrolled since age 6 months and 259 participants were followed up until 6 years of age. SMM of participants were interviewed …

How To Balance Intuitive And Analytical Functions Of Brain: A Neutrosophic Way Of Scientific Discovery Process, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto, Robert Neil Boyd

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Initially this article stems from our discussion on math and mysticism, inspired by an article by Ralph Abraham. But it becomes a discussion on the role of intuition and inspiration in scientific discovery process. Hopefully this article will help anyone who aspires to be good scientists or engineers.

Improving Access To Clean Water In Rural Ecuador: The Connection Between Willingness To Pay And Population Health, Micalea Leaska

Capstone Collection

Climate change is affecting social and environmental determinants of health through access to safe drinking water, safely managed sanitation systems, and access to health care services and the ability for individuals to break free from unsuitable circumstances. Ecological disturbances such as those caused by climate change can cause a shift in host vectors or a change in habitat that results in a greater likelihood of the pathogen coming in contact with humans. Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services and their accessibility to populations can directly impact a community’s vulnerability to diseases and limiting factors to increase economic growth. If rural …

Ab Toxins: Recovery From Intoxication And Relative Potencies, Patrick Cherubin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

AB-type protein toxins have a catalytic A subunit attached to a cell-binding B subunit. Ricin, Shiga toxin (Stx), exotoxin A, and diphtheria toxin are AB toxins that act within the host cytosol and kill the host cell through pathways involving the inhibition of protein synthesis. Our overall goal is to help elucidate the cellular basis of intoxication for therapeutic development. According to the current model of intoxication, the effect of AB toxins is irreversible. To test this model, we developed a system that uses flow cytometry and a fluorescent reporter to examine the cellular potency of toxins that inhibit protein …

Fabp4 Levels In Hypothyroidism And Its Relationship With Subclinical Atherosclerosis, Mürşi̇de Tan, Hakan Korkmaz, Hüseyi̇n Aydin, Duygu Kumbul Doğuç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between serum fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) levels and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in patients with hypothyroidism.Materials and methods: Forty subclinical hypothyroidism patients, 40 overt hypothyroidism patients, and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Blood pressure, body mass index, CIMT, fasting blood sugar, creatine, alanine aminotransferase, lipid parameters, insulin, free thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO), thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TG), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), and FABP4 levels of all participants were measured.Results: Serum FABP4 levels were significantly higher in patients with subclinical and …

Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability, And Validity Of The Turkish Version Of The Neck Outcome Score, Şeyda Candeni̇z, Seyi̇t Çitaker, Batuhan Bakirarar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Neck OutcOme Score (NOOS).Materials and methods: Two hundred eight patients suffering from nonspecific neck pain participated in the study. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (2, 1) and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. The dimensionality was investigated with the factor analysis. The construct validity was determined by testing whether the hypothesis of correlations between NOOS subscales, Short Form-36 subscales, and the Neck Disability Index were met using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Ceiling/floor effects and measurement error were tested as well.Results: The …

Rasch Analysis Of The Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire: Turkish Version, Validity, And Reliability Study, Yasemi̇n Özel Asliyüce, Derya Gökmen, Özlem Ülger

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The multidimensional evaluation of patients with chronic neck pain is important for planning the treatment program. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ).Materials and methods: The internal construct validity of the NBQ was examined by the fit of the data to the Rasch measurement model. External validity of the NBQ was evaluated by testing for expected associations of Rasch transformed NBQ score with the corresponding variables through the process of convergent validity. The reliability of the NBQ in terms of both internal consistency and …

Neurochemical Factors Associated With The Initial Pathophysiological Reaction To Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke, Sarah R. Martha

Theses and Dissertations--Nursing

Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of disability world-wide and affects over 800,000 people per year in the United States. The majority of these strokes are ischemic due to a blockage of blood flow to the brain. Damage to the brain occurs at the onset of stroke, neuronal cell death is irreversible and therefore, quick treatment to remove blockage is critical factor in the recovery from stroke. Mechanical thrombectomy as a treatment for ischemic stroke provides an ideal opportunity to collect blood distal and proximal to the cerebral thrombus to examine neurochemical changes occurring during stroke.

The purpose of this …

Protocolized Volume De-Resuscitation In Critically Ill Patients, Brittany Dawn Bissell

Theses and Dissertations--Clinical and Translational Science

While early fluid resuscitation may be a necessary component to decrease mortality in the majority of critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit, the benefit of continued administration after the first 24 hours is less clear. Paradoxically, a positive fluid balance secondary to intravenous fluid receipt has been associated with diverse and persistent perpetuating detriment on a multitude of organ systems. Continued clinical harm has been demonstrated on pulmonary and renal function as well as patient outcomes such as rates of mortality and length of stay. Despite the growing body of evidence supporting the potential adverse aspects of …

Changes In Muscle Size, Quality And Power Are Related To Physical Function In Patients With Critical Illness, Kirby Mayer

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) are known to develop significant impairments in physical function. Patients with critical illness suffer up to 30% reductions in muscle size within the first ten days of admission to the ICU. Muscle strength testing, Medical Research Council-sum score, is current gold-standard to diagnosis ICU-acquired weakness and predicts risk of mortality and long-term physical function. Muscle power different from muscle strength in that it accounts for velocity of movement, is potentially a better independent predictor of function that has not been studied in this population. In addition, we hypothesize that muscle size and quality …

Validity And Reliability Study Of The Turkish Version Of The Postoperative Recovery Index Of Patients Undergoing Surgical Intervention, Hande Cengi̇z, Di̇lek Aygi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: For the purpose of providing the optimal postoperative care for patients and assisting them in terms of recovery, their health conditions and particular symptoms should be evaluated systematically with an appropriate measurement tool. This research was designed with the purpose of conducting the validity and reliability study of the Postoperative Recovery Index-Turkish Version (PoRI-TR) and determining the postoperative recovery conditions.Materials and methods: The sample of this study, which was planned methodologically and analytically, consisted of 382 patients who had a surgical intervention in a university hospital between September 2016 and June 2017. Analyses concerning the Turkish validity and reliability …